EP1050057B1 - Schaltelement in folienbauweise - Google Patents
Schaltelement in folienbauweise Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1050057B1 EP1050057B1 EP99906147A EP99906147A EP1050057B1 EP 1050057 B1 EP1050057 B1 EP 1050057B1 EP 99906147 A EP99906147 A EP 99906147A EP 99906147 A EP99906147 A EP 99906147A EP 1050057 B1 EP1050057 B1 EP 1050057B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switching element
- layer
- resistive material
- point
- sensor layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
- H01C10/10—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force
- H01C10/12—Adjustable resistors adjustable by mechanical pressure or force by changing surface pressure between resistive masses or resistive and conductive masses, e.g. pile type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H13/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch
- H01H13/70—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard
- H01H13/702—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for pushing or pulling in one direction only, e.g. push-button switch having a plurality of operating members associated with different sets of contacts, e.g. keyboard with contacts carried by or formed from layers in a multilayer structure, e.g. membrane switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2239/00—Miscellaneous
- H01H2239/078—Variable resistance by variable contact area or point
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switching element in film construction, the when triggered generates a signal that is the size of the triggered area depends.
- Such a switching element in film construction comprises a first carrier film which is a release layer made of a first resistance material, e.g. Graphite, is applied, and a second carrier film on which a sensor layer a second resistance material, e.g. a semiconductor material is.
- the first resistance material and the second resistance material are matched to one another in such a way that when the triggering layer is contacted and the sensor layer the resistance of the interface between the Trigger layer and the sensor layer essentially by the expansion the contact area is determined.
- the first carrier film and the second carrier film are of this type by means of spacers arranged at a certain distance from each other that the trigger layer and face the sensor layer and when not activated Switching element are not contacted.
- Spacers arranged at a certain distance from each other that the trigger layer and face the sensor layer and when not activated Switching element are not contacted.
- switching elements can be used, for example, as pressure sensors be used.
- Such pressure sensors are inexpensive to manufacture and have become Practice proven to be extremely robust and reliable.
- the trigger behavior or the dynamics of such pressure sensors for certain applications not suitable. While with the generally round sensors radial extent of the triggered area is essentially linear from the the switching element depends on the force exerted for the contact surface an essentially quadratic dependency. The resistance behavior of the sensor depending on the triggering force consequently has one of these quadratic dependence determined from what the sensors are for makes certain applications unsuitable.
- the object of the present invention is therefore such a switching element to propose in foil construction that an adjustment of the triggering behavior to the respective purpose.
- a switching element in Foil construction with a first carrier foil, on which a release layer a first resistance material is applied, the trigger layer has a first electrical connection, and a second carrier film a sensor layer made of a second resistance material is applied, wherein the sensor layer has a second electrical connection.
- the first carrier film and the second carrier film are so in by spacers a certain distance apart that the release layer and face the sensor layer and when the switching element is not actuated are not in contact with each other while triggering the Switching element, the trigger layer and the sensor layer initially in one first point of their surface to be contacted and the contact surface increases with increasing pressure on the switching element.
- the first Resistance material and the second resistance material are on top of each other matched that when contacting the trigger layer and the sensor layer the resistance of the interface between the trigger layer and the Sensor layer essentially determined by the size of the contact area becomes.
- the sensor layer is designed such that it specific electrical resistance, starting from the first point, in Direction of increasing contact area with the distance from the The first point varies, that there is a predetermined triggering behavior of the switching element depending on the pressure force acting on the switching element results.
- the triggering behavior of such a switching element is, in addition to the resistance the boundary layer between the trigger layer and the sensor layer, also due to the resistance in the sensor layer between the trigger point and the second electrical connection.
- One at a trigger point electrical signal introduced into the sensor layer via the boundary layer e.g. an electrical voltage, in fact, must cross the resistance path drain between the trigger point and the second connection.
- Resistance path can consequently be the voltage drop in the resistance path depending on the trigger point, so that the trigger behavior of the switching element can be linearized, for example.
- switching element can consequently, with regard to its tripping behavior, i.e. its dynamics can be optimized for any application.
- the one that varies specific resistance through targeted introduction of a third resistance material generated in the second resistance material, the specific Resistance of the third resistance material and the specific resistance of the second resistance material are different from each other, and wherein Concentration of the third resistance material at a distance from that first point varies.
- the variation in resistivity can for example by introducing a low-resistance material, e.g. Silver, in a high-resistance semiconductor material take place, the specific resistance the sensor layer with increasing amount of the introduced material smaller becomes.
- the variation can also be achieved by introducing a high-resistance Material in a layer made of low-resistance material.
- the third resistance material is preferably in the form of local enclosures introduced into the second resistance material. This type of contribution enables a simple production of the sensor layer with a good one Check the concentration of the third resistance material in the sensor layer.
- the dependence of the concentration of the third resistance material can, for example, by a certain spatial arrangement of Enclosures of the same extent or by regular spatial Arrangement of enclosures with different dimensions or through a combination of the two.
- the second resistance material preferably has a semiconductor material and the third resistance material has a much lower resistance on as the second resistance material.
- the semiconductor material can for example one used in the manufacture of film pressure sensors Include semiconductor ink with the required area effect at the interface to a release layer made of graphite can advantageously be brought about while the third resistance material comprises silver.
- the specific resistance of the Sensor layer starting from the first point for example the center a round switching element, in the radial direction proportional to that Increase the distance to the first point.
- the selected distance dimensions result from the desired sensor dynamics.
- the enclosures are advantageously electrical from the second electrical Insulated connection. This prevents the switching element due to of inclusions that extend into the boundary layer between the trigger layer and extend the sensor layer, fully switched on and a pressure detection becomes impossible.
- the enclosures are also on the release layer facing Side preferably completely covered by the second resistance material.
- the cover layer made of second resistance material prevents on the one hand direct switching of the trigger layer to the enclosures, on the other hand, it serves as a protective layer against any mechanical Damage.
- the triggering layer of the switching element can have a resistance material uniform resistivity. It is about in this case, for example, a graphite layer that is in a screen printing process can be easily manufactured.
- the Trigger layer similar to the sensor layer i.e. the trigger layer has a specific resistance which, starting from the first point, in the direction of the increasing contact area with the distance varied from the first point.
- the course of the specific resistance in the Triggering layer can be the course of the specific resistance in the Correspond to the sensor layer or have a completely different course.
- Fig. 1 is a section through a round switching element in film construction shown that generates a signal when triggered, the size of the triggered area depends.
- a Carrier film On a Carrier film is a release layer 12 made of a first resistance material, e.g. Graphite applied while a sensor layer on the other carrier film 14 made of a second resistance material, e.g. a semiconductor ink, as used in the production of film pressure sensors, which faces the release layer 12.
- the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 each have an electrical connection at their edge 16, 18 on.
- the resistance material of the trigger layer 12 and the resistance material the sensor layer are matched to one another in such a way that when contacting the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 the resistance of the Boundary layer between the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 in the is essentially determined by the extent of the contact area.
- the two carrier foils 10 When the switching element is triggered, the two carrier foils 10 are countered their respective restoring force is compressed until the contacting the trigger layer 12 and the sensor layer 14 takes place. Contacting the The two layers are initially in the middle of the two layers take place, the contact surface with increasing force on the switching element extends radially outwards. Because the linear extent of the contact area grows substantially linearly with the force exerted, the grows The size of the contact surface is correspondingly square with the force. hereby in the case of a conventional switching element there is a tripping behavior at which the electrical resistance drops approximately quadratically with the force.
- the switching element shown has a linearization of this tripping behavior Inclusions 20 of a third resistance material, wherein the third resistance material, e.g. Silver, a much lower specific Has resistance than the second resistance material.
- the third resistance material e.g. Silver
- the second resistance material e.g. Silver
- FIGS. 2 and 3 show different distributions of the enclosures 20 shown, which also leads to a linearization of the triggering behavior of the Guide switching element.
- the inclusions 20 are essentially arranged radially, the radial distance between two neighboring Inclusions is essentially consistent throughout the Inclusions 20 of the configuration of Figure 3 arranged on spiral tracks are. All distributions have in common that the amount of each in one Circular ring around the center of the material introduced with the distance from the Center decreases.
- Trigger layer 12 similar to the sensor layer 14 inclusions 20.
- the inclusions 20 are in the release layer 12 at other locations arranged with respect to the center of the switching element as the enclosures in the sensor layer 14. In this way, an even more complex Adjustment of the trigger behavior to a given task.
- FIG. 5 shows a distribution of the enclosures 20 in which the Inclusions evenly distributed over the surface of the sensor layer 14 are.
- Such a distribution of the confinement leads to a trigger behavior, which is very similar to conventional switching elements.
- the low-resistance material into the sensor layer Influence of resistance fluctuations in the high-resistance second resistance material strongly on the specific resistance of the respective layer reduced. This can cause quality differences between different Switching elements in series production are largely avoided.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Pressure Sensors (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
- Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
- Fig.1:
- einen Schnitt durch eine erste Ausgestaltung eines Schaltelements in Folienbauweise
- Fig.2:
- eine Ansicht einer alternativen Verteilung von Einschließungen in der Sensorschicht des Schaltelementes
- Fig.3:
- eine Ansicht einer weiteren Verteilung von Einschließungen in der Sensorschicht des Schaltelementes
- Fig.4:
- einen Schnitt durch eine zweite Ausgestaltung, in das auch die Auslöseschicht einen variierenden spezifischen Widerstand aufweist
- Fig.5:
- ein Schaltelement mit einem alternativen Auslöseverfahren.
Claims (10)
- Schaltelement in Folienbauweise, miteiner ersten Trägerfolie (10), auf der eine Auslöseschicht (12) aus einem ersten Widerstandsmaterial aufgebracht ist, wobei die Auslöseschicht (12) einen ersten elektrischen Anschluß (16) aufweist,einer zweiten Trägerfolie (10), auf der eine Sensorschicht (14) aus einem zweiten Widerstandsmaterial aufgebracht ist, wobei die Sensorschicht (14) einen zweiten elektrischen Anschluß (18) aufweist,
wobei das erste Widerstandsmateriai und das zweite Widerstandsmaterial derart aufeinander abgestimmt sind, daß bei der Kontaktierung der Auslöseschicht (12) und der Sensorschicht (14) der Widerstand der Grenzschicht zwischen der Auslöseschicht (12) und der Sensorschicht (14) im wesentlichen durch die Größe der Kontaktfläche bestimmt wird, und
wobei bei der Auslösung des Schaltelements, die Ausidseschicht und die Sensorschicht zunächst in einem ersten Punkt ihrer Fläche miteinander kontaktiert werden und sich die Kontaktfläche bei zunehmendem Druck auf das Schaltelement vergrößert,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Sensorschicht (14) derart ausgestaltet ist, daß ihr spezifischer elektrischer Widerstand, ausgehend von dem ersten Punkt, in Richtung der zunehmenden Kontaktfläche derart mit dem Abstand von dem ersten Punkt variiert, daß sich ein vorbestimmtes Auslöseverhalten des Schaltelements in Abhängigkeit der auf das Schaltelement wirkenden Druckkraft ergibt. - Schaitelement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der variierende spezifische Widerstand durch gezieltes Einbringen eines dritten Widerstandsmaterials in das zweite Widerstandsmaterial erzeugt wird, wobei der spezifische Widerstand des dritten Widerstandsmaterials und der spezifische Widerstand des zweiten Widerstandsmaterials voneinander verschieden sind und, wobei Konzentration des dritten Widerstandsmaterials mit dem Abstand von dem ersten Punkt variiert.
- Schaltelement nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das dritte Widerstandsmaterial in Form von lokalen Einschließungen (20) in das zweite Widerstandsmaterial eingebracht ist.
- Schaltelement nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verteilung der lokalen Einschließungen (20) in dem zweiten Widerstandsmaterial mit dem Abstand von dem ersten Punkt variiert.
- Schaltelement nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ausdehnung der lokalen Einschließungen (20) mit dem Abstand von dem ersten Punkt variiert.
- Schaltelement nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zweite Widerstandsmaterial ein Halbleitermaterial aufweist und daß das dritte Widerstandsmaterial einen wesentlich geringeren Widerstand aufweist als das zweite Widerstandsmaterial.
- Schaltelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der spezifische Widerstand der Sensorschicht in radialer Richtung mit dem Abstand zum ersten Punkt ansteigt.
- Schaltelement nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einschließungen (20) elektrisch von dem zweiten elektrischen Anschluß isoliert sind.
- Schaltelement nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einschließungen (20) auf der der Auslöseschicht (12) zugewandten Seite vollständig von dem zweiten Widerstandsmaterial überdeckt sind.
- Schaltelement nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auslöseschicht (12) einen spezifischen Widerstand aufweist, der, ausgehend von dem ersten Punkt, in Richtung der zunehmenden Kontaktfläche mit dem Abstand von dem ersten Punkt variiert.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
LU90200 | 1998-01-21 | ||
LU90200A LU90200B1 (de) | 1998-01-21 | 1998-01-21 | Schaltelement in Folienbauweise |
PCT/EP1999/000260 WO1999038179A1 (de) | 1998-01-21 | 1999-01-18 | Schaltelement in folienbauweise |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1050057A1 EP1050057A1 (de) | 2000-11-08 |
EP1050057B1 true EP1050057B1 (de) | 2002-03-13 |
Family
ID=19731734
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99906147A Expired - Lifetime EP1050057B1 (de) | 1998-01-21 | 1999-01-18 | Schaltelement in folienbauweise |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6429668B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1050057B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002502082A (de) |
DE (1) | DE59900979D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2172305T3 (de) |
LU (1) | LU90200B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1999038179A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6964205B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 | 2005-11-15 | Tekscan Incorporated | Sensor with plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate |
US7362225B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2008-04-22 | Elesys North America Inc. | Flexible occupant sensor and method of use |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
LU90200B1 (de) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-22 | Iee Sarl | Schaltelement in Folienbauweise |
LU90783B1 (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2003-05-09 | Ie Internat Electronics & Engi | Foil-type switching element |
JP4595267B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2010-12-08 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 感圧スイッチ |
EP1429353B1 (de) * | 2001-09-21 | 2011-11-16 | Shin-Etsu Polymer Co., Ltd. | Druckschalter-benutzungs-glied und herstellungsverfahren dafür |
US8115648B2 (en) | 2003-06-23 | 2012-02-14 | Iee International Electronics & Engineering S.A. | Seat occupancy sensor |
JP2005069968A (ja) * | 2003-08-27 | 2005-03-17 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 着座検出装置 |
WO2005033645A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-04-14 | Intrinsic Marks International Llc | Item monitoring system and methods |
DE102004005952A1 (de) * | 2004-02-02 | 2005-08-25 | E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH | Bedieneinrichtung für ein Elektrogerät mit einem Bedien-Feld und einem Sensorelement darunter sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb der Bedieneinrichtung |
JP2006064572A (ja) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 座席状態検出装置、車両用ヘッドランプの照射方向調節装置及び着座検出装置 |
JP4218614B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-27 | 2009-02-04 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 座席状態検出装置、車両用ヘッドランプの照射方向調節装置及び着座検出装置 |
DE102004047516A1 (de) * | 2004-09-28 | 2006-04-06 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | Sensor-Anordnung und Verwendungen einer Sensor-Anordnung |
DE102005056882B4 (de) * | 2005-01-24 | 2012-06-14 | F.S. Fehrer Automotive Gmbh | Kraftfahrzeugsitz mit Insassendetektor |
US7594442B2 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2009-09-29 | T-Ink Tc Corp | Resistance varying sensor using electrically conductive coated materials |
US20070241895A1 (en) * | 2006-04-13 | 2007-10-18 | Morgan Kelvin L | Noise reduction for flexible sensor material in occupant detection |
EP2019606B1 (de) * | 2006-05-01 | 2020-01-08 | Linak A/S | Elektrisch verstellbarer tisch |
US8449156B2 (en) * | 2009-02-22 | 2013-05-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Automotive interior hidden switching |
EP2672854B1 (de) | 2011-02-07 | 2019-09-04 | New Balance Athletics, Inc. | Systeme und verfahren zur überwachung der sportlichen leistung |
US10363453B2 (en) | 2011-02-07 | 2019-07-30 | New Balance Athletics, Inc. | Systems and methods for monitoring athletic and physiological performance |
JP2012247372A (ja) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-13 | Nippon Mektron Ltd | 圧力センサ及びその製造方法並びに圧力検出モジュール |
US11135973B2 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2021-10-05 | Akaisha Pinckney | Driver alert system to prevent abandonment of a person or an animal in a vehicle and components thereof |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4014217A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-03-29 | Agence Nationale De Valorisation De La Recherche Etablissement Public De Droit | Tactile pick-up |
JPS5367856A (en) * | 1976-11-29 | 1978-06-16 | Shinetsu Polymer Co | Pressure sensitive resistance element |
DE3039256A1 (de) * | 1980-10-17 | 1982-04-29 | Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart | Widerstandswertveraenderliches schaltorgan |
DE3224386C2 (de) * | 1982-06-30 | 1987-01-02 | Starkstrom-Apparatebau GmbH, 7022 Leinfelden | Handbetätigter Geber |
JPS5998408A (ja) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-06-06 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 感圧型導電性複合シ−ト |
IL72736A0 (en) * | 1984-08-21 | 1984-11-30 | Cybertronics Ltd | Surface-area pressure transducers |
DE3642088A1 (de) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-23 | Wolfgang Brunner | Anordnung zur messung von kraftverteilungen |
US4839512A (en) * | 1987-01-27 | 1989-06-13 | Tactilitics, Inc. | Tactile sensing method and apparatus having grids as a means to detect a physical parameter |
WO1993014386A1 (en) | 1987-11-05 | 1993-07-22 | Kikuo Kanaya | Distribution-type touch sensor |
US5431064A (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1995-07-11 | Home Row, Inc. | Transducer array |
DE4237072C1 (de) | 1992-11-03 | 1993-12-02 | Daimler Benz Ag | Resistiver Foliendrucksensor |
US5323650A (en) | 1993-01-14 | 1994-06-28 | Fullen Systems, Inc. | System for continuously measuring forces applied to the foot |
US5508700A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1996-04-16 | Tanisys Technology, Inc. | Capacitance sensitive switch and switch array |
DE19512813C1 (de) * | 1995-04-05 | 1996-06-20 | Sensotherm Temperatursensorik | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Bauelementen |
US5986221A (en) * | 1996-12-19 | 1999-11-16 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Membrane seat weight sensor |
LU90200B1 (de) * | 1998-01-21 | 1999-07-22 | Iee Sarl | Schaltelement in Folienbauweise |
-
1998
- 1998-01-21 LU LU90200A patent/LU90200B1/de active
-
1999
- 1999-01-18 EP EP99906147A patent/EP1050057B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-01-18 WO PCT/EP1999/000260 patent/WO1999038179A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-01-18 DE DE59900979T patent/DE59900979D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-01-18 JP JP2000528988A patent/JP2002502082A/ja active Pending
- 1999-01-18 ES ES99906147T patent/ES2172305T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-07-21 US US09/624,137 patent/US6429668B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-07-31 US US09/629,178 patent/US6289747B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6964205B2 (en) | 2003-12-30 | 2005-11-15 | Tekscan Incorporated | Sensor with plurality of sensor elements arranged with respect to a substrate |
US7362225B2 (en) | 2004-11-24 | 2008-04-22 | Elesys North America Inc. | Flexible occupant sensor and method of use |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6289747B1 (en) | 2001-09-18 |
DE59900979D1 (de) | 2002-04-18 |
US6429668B1 (en) | 2002-08-06 |
JP2002502082A (ja) | 2002-01-22 |
EP1050057A1 (de) | 2000-11-08 |
ES2172305T3 (es) | 2002-09-16 |
LU90200B1 (de) | 1999-07-22 |
WO1999038179A1 (de) | 1999-07-29 |
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