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EP0929726B1 - Unterkunft für unterschiedliche bewohner - Google Patents

Unterkunft für unterschiedliche bewohner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0929726B1
EP0929726B1 EP97944025A EP97944025A EP0929726B1 EP 0929726 B1 EP0929726 B1 EP 0929726B1 EP 97944025 A EP97944025 A EP 97944025A EP 97944025 A EP97944025 A EP 97944025A EP 0929726 B1 EP0929726 B1 EP 0929726B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
module
accommodation
walls
building
modules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97944025A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0929726A1 (de
Inventor
Donald Milne Downie
Martin Nicholas Wood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hamstead Securities Ltd
Original Assignee
Hamstead Securities Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9620758.4A external-priority patent/GB9620758D0/en
Application filed by Hamstead Securities Ltd filed Critical Hamstead Securities Ltd
Publication of EP0929726A1 publication Critical patent/EP0929726A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0929726B1 publication Critical patent/EP0929726B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H3/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for public or similar purposes; Institutions, e.g. infirmaries or prisons
    • E04H3/02—Hotels; Motels; Coffee-houses; Restaurants; Shops; Department stores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to multiple occupancy accommodation. More particularly the invention relates to such accommodation intended for temporary occupation as in an hotel or motel or the like.
  • Hotels and motels are expensive to erect and maintain. They are usually located on expensive land (or if they are on remote cheaper land the hotel guest or the hotel itself has to pay transport costs from a central location to the hotel). It is one object of this invention to provide relatively cheap temporary accommodation which can readily be moved from site to site when appropriate.
  • WO 82/03418 discloses a multiple occupancy building built up of layers of modules, each having a floor, sidewalls and a roof, end walls having a window.
  • the modules are sufficiently large to provide an accommodation area at each side with a transverse passageway or corridor in between.
  • the walls are planar sheets of metal and are welded to beam framing.
  • the invention is based on the realisation that by using walls of a monocoque structure the disadvantages of the prior art can be reduced or eliminated.
  • an accommodation module comprising an elongate floor, two sidewalls, end walls each having a window and a roof, the module being sufficiently large to provide an accommodation area at each end with a transverse passageway in between characterised in that the walls defining the accommodation areas comprise lengths of generally planar sheet metal joined together in monocoque manner whereby to provide a stressed skin, the sheets of each wall being joined to those of adjacent walls by an angle member and in that the passageway is provided by a box section made up of frame members.
  • an accommodation module comprising an elongate floor, two sidewalls, end walls each having a window and a roof, the module being sufficiently large to provide an accommodation area at each end with a transverse passageway in between characterised in that the walls defining the accommodation areas comprise lengths of generally planar sheet metal joined together in monocoque manner whereby to provide a stressed skin and in that the walls defining the floor and the roof extend from end to end of the module and in that the sheets of each wall being joined to those of adjacent walls by an angle member and in that the passageway is provided by picture frame members.
  • each side wall and end wall is made up of two parallel lengths of planar sheet metal typically galvanised alloy steel, held by rivets fixed to ribs which are spaced apart along the lengths.
  • the walls may be of plastics coated steel aluminium, fibreglass or the like.
  • the corner members are made of hot rolled angle steel.
  • the frame member bounding a passage is made up of four sides each side element being of L section and arranged so that one leg of the L faces inward behind the other element.
  • the frame member preferably has built up sides made of hot rolled steel and the corners are full penetration butt weld joints.
  • the roof comprises generally parallel longitudinal roof lengths each comprising two overlapping sheets with reinforcing ribs, one roof length overlapping the other and sealing mastic being present to seal the joint.
  • one or each end portion incorporates a connector whereby one module may be mounted on another such module in vertical alignment.
  • a module of the invention has a length of 7 to 16 metres, typically about 9 metres, a height of about 2.4 to about 3 metres and width of about 2.6 to 3.6 metres.
  • the invention in its preferred embodiment provides a system of connecting modules or boxes constructed primarily from cold rolled sheet steel of preferably approximately 1.5 mm thickness, such modules being inherently very rigid thus requiring no bracing when being lifted and transported.
  • the modules are monocoque structure i.e. with no structural frames with only four vertical corner angle members taking vertical loads and two picture frame members transferring differential loads.
  • the primary vertical loads are transferred through the vertical angle members at each corner connected e.g. riveted, to the sheet skin whereby working in concert with the sheet steel skin such angle members are restrained and prevented from buckling and can therefore be designed with minimal cross sectional area. For this reason they can be of angle section and no thicker save in exceptional circumstances.
  • the whole of the centre of the two long sides can be removed (for a corridor space connecting the modules) and differential loads can be transferred uniformly by the picture frame member (made up of angle section) riveted to and working in concert with the sheet steel skin.
  • the modules span between their extreme corners transferring bending loads through the sheet steel sidewalls which acts as a stressed external skin. Because in a building the modules are connected only at the external corners, one module can be moved without dislocation or collapse and without transferring loads of magnitude detrimental to adjacent modules. Noise and vibration transfer between modules is minimised because the modules are connected at the corners only.
  • Neighbouring modules may be joined at their corners using different connectors in a variety of ways, for example by a simple push in connecting device made up of either of a 'pad' of dense rubber approximately 160 min x 80 m x 12 mm thick with two steel locating pins passing through the rubber and projecting either side of the rubber for reception in sockets in the corners of the modules, or a steel plate of similar size having pins set in dense rubber grommets.
  • the invention provides a method of mounting one module of the invention on top of another, the method comprising connecting the modules at their corners whereby the primary vertical loads are transferred through the vertical angle members and the bending loads are transferred into the stressed sidewalls.
  • one module is mounted on another by lifting means, e.g. a crane with lifting chains passed within and connected to the intermediate portion, e.g. by lifting eyes or the like.
  • lifting means e.g. a crane with lifting chains passed within and connected to the intermediate portion, e.g. by lifting eyes or the like.
  • the invention provides a multiple occupancy accommodation building comprising at least one column of modules, each according to the invention.
  • the column is made up of four modules, and adjacent columns are linked together. Up to seven levels of module can be stacked in a column.
  • the base module is located approximately I metre above the ground. This leaves a gap beneath the lowest module and the ground where all vertical services are collected to run laterally.
  • outer continuous elongate members such as skirts are present to hide the gap and to give the building a unitary appearance.
  • the module be made of as few components as possible.
  • the module comprises one elongate floor element extending the full length of the module; two sidewalls of equal length and having therein a cavity for the passage or corridor; at least one roof portion extending the length of the module; and two end portions.
  • the parts are laid out on a base and then the sidewalls and end walls are presented to the respective sides of the module floor raised and then secured together by the corner members.
  • the central frame members are inserted into the corridor openings to provide the necessary strength and lifting capability, following which the roof element, which is preferably in two halves is added.
  • the module M of Figure 1 is made of two identical end portions 1, and a central box frame member 2. Each end portion is a square section structure having identical side walls 3. The portion also has a floor 4 and roof 5 only part of which is shown. Each side wall is made up of two parallel lengths 6, 7 one above the other of planar sheet metal, typically galvanised alloy steel. The lengths measure 3.75 metres long x 1.2 metres high and 1.6 mm thick. Ribs 8 made up of hollow struts of channel section steel are spaced apart along the lengths, and held thereto by riveting. These ribs hold the two lengths together. The ribs 8 measure 2.4 mm long and 70 mm deep. The ribs 8 are spaced 450 mm apart.
  • the side walls and the end walls defined are a monocoque structure, i.e. a single layer having internal reinforcement which is self-supporting, the outer skin of which is rigid and will resist stresses and be deformation resistant even in the absence of any external frame.
  • An end wall 9 is present at the outer end of each portion and comprises a steel sheet structure the same as the side walls but a round window 10 is present.
  • the end wall 9 is joined to the adjacent ends of the side walls 3 by riveting of an outer L-shaped vertical length or angle bracket 11 on the outside and by riveting together of ribs 8 in the corner on the inside.
  • the floor 4 of each end portion is made of edge lengths 12 and an upper skin 13 and lower skin (not shown) containing a length of corrugated length of steel 14.
  • the roof 5 has the same structure as the walls.
  • the frame member 2 is a box made up of lengths 20 of steel square section riveted or otherwise joined together at their junctions.
  • the inner end of the lengths 1 are joined to the opposite sides of the frame.
  • the ribs 8 at each end of the walls 3 are shorter to define a gap to receive the bridging lengths 20 and the cross beams 21.
  • Connectors 16 are present as required. In this way a substantially unitary structure is formed.
  • a socket 22 is present in the corner of the module and a multi part pin 23 is long enough to be received in the underlying corner socket 22 and that in the module above (not shown). These are dimensioned so that when one module is stacked on another the modules are vertically aligned by reception of the pin in the sockets.
  • One module is lifted on to the other by connecting a chain to the frame and lifting it using a crane.
  • Side bolts 24 may be received in the pin assembly to lock parts in place.
  • two such pins may be mounted in a plate 25 so that adjacent modules may be engaged side-by-side.
  • the module M is mounted above the ground to leave a gap for service pipes etc.
  • the windows 10 are aligned to give the assembly the unitary appearance of a building.
  • a skirt 26 are present along the top and bottom (see Figure 3). This also serves to hide the gap.
  • One end of the building has a stairway and reception area 27, with the usual communal facilities, not shown.
  • each end portion defines sleeping accommodation and the frame 2 a corridor or passageway.
  • An internal skin is connected to the ribs 8.
  • each room has a bed 28 under the window 10, and a front door 29 adjacent which is shower/lavatory area 30.
  • the services may be passed through the floor or ceiling.
  • the wall 31 between the room and the corridor is curved, giving a distinctive appearance.
  • Each door 29 is lockable, so that individual rooms may be rented out by the hour, day or the like.
  • a building of Figures 1 to 4 may be erected quickly and cheaply on a convenient site, including in a low cost area.
  • a 20 module building giving a 40 bed complex may be assembled in 48 hours, as little or no site preparation is required.
  • the building may function as an hotel, motel, barracks, sports or festival accommodation, an annexe to a hospital or public house, refugee centre or the like.
  • the building may be dismantled and relocated, the modules being transported in pairs on a trailer by road.
  • the module M1 shown in Figures 5 to 8 comprises two rooms 101 sufficiently large to provide sleeping accommodation and separated by a passage or corridor 102.
  • Each room 101 has an end wall 103 with a window 104.
  • a floor 105 extends the full length of the module which is some 9 metres.
  • the module has two elongate side walls 106 each made up of two sections which extend that length and are spaced apart to have an opening 107 which is a precursor for the corridor.
  • the roof 108 comprises two elongate longitudinal half portions 108A, 108B.
  • Each wall section is made up of two parallel lengths of planar sheet metal, typically galvanised alloy steel. The lengths are held together by rivets fixed to ribs made up of hollow struts of general section steel which are spaced apart along the lengths. (This is best shown in Figures 5 and 6).
  • the walls define a monocoque or stressed skin structure, i.e. a single layer having internal stiffeners which resist stress and being resistant to deformation even in the absence of an external frame.
  • the end walls 103 comprise a steel sheet structure the same as the side walls. The end wall is joined to the adjacent end of the side walls by riveting of an outer L shaped corner length 109 outside and by riveting together all ribs on the inside.
  • the frame member 110 is made up of four sides each being of L section and arranged so that one leg of the L 110A faces inward behind the outer element 110B.
  • the frame is built up of hot rolled steel and the corners are full penetration but weld joints.
  • the L frame wall measures 75mm x 113m x 13mm and the interior opening of the frame is 1950mm wide and 2250 mm high.
  • Each of the two roof length comprises two overlapping sheets with reinforcing ribs (in the same manner as the side walls) and having dependant side walls along three sides leaving the facing inner side open.
  • One roof length overlaps the other and sealing mastic may be present to seal the joints.
  • the module is made by a sequence of operations shown in Figure 8.
  • the floor assembly 105 and the longer side walls and end walls are formed and then laid alongside the floor in the proper arrangement.
  • the walls are then lifted and connected together by the L-shaped corner members 109.
  • the frame members 110 are then applied following which the roof sections are applied.
  • a module having the required strength and made of low weight materials has been formed.
  • Such a module may be connected to others in the method described in relation to Figures 1 to 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Unterkunftsbaueinheit (M), mit einem länglichen Boden (4), zwei Seitenwänden (3), Endwänden (9), von denen jede ein Fenster (10) aufweist, und einem Dach (5), wobei die Baueinheit ausreichend groß ist, um an jedem Ende einen Unterkunftsraum und dazwischen einen Querdurchgang (2) bereitzustellen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände, welche die Unterkunftsräume festlegen, Längsabschnitte aus einem im allgemeinen planaren plattenförmigen Metall (6, 7) aufweisen, die in Schalenbauweise miteinander verbunden sind, wodurch eine tragende Außenhaut gebildet wird, und die Platten (6, 7) jeder Wand mit jenen der benachbarten Wand mittels eines Winkelelements (11) verbunden sind, und daß der Durchgang (2) durch einen Kastenabschnitt gebildet wird, der aus Rahmenelementen (20) besteht.
  2. Unterkunftsbaueinheit (M1), mit einem länglichen Boden (105), zwei Seitenwänden (106), Endwänden (103), von denen jede ein Fenster (104) aufweist, und einem Dach (108), wobei das Modul genügend groß ist, um einen Unterkunftsraum (101) an jedem Ende mit einem Querdurchgang (102) dazwischen bereitzustellen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände, welche die Unterkunftsräume festlegen, Längsabschnitte aus einem im allgemeinen planaren plattenförmigen Metall (106) aufweisen, die in Schalenbauweise miteinander verbunden sind, wodurch eine tragende Außenhaut gebildet wird, und daß sich die den Boden (105) festlegenden Wände und das Dach (108) von Ende zu Ende der Baueinheit (M1) erstrecken sowie die Platten (106) jeder Wand mit jenen der benachbarten Wände mittels eines Winkelelements (109) verbunden sind und der Durchgang (102) durch Bildrahmenelemente (110) gebildet wird.
  3. Baueinheit nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin jede Seitenwand (3) und Endwand (9) aus zwei parallelen Längsabschnitten aus einem planaren plattenförmigen Metall besteht, die durch Nieten an Rippen (8) fixiert sind, die entlang der Längsabschnitte im Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind.
  4. Baueinheit nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, worin die Winkelelemente (11) aus warmgewalztem Winkelstahl hergestellt sind.
  5. Baueinheit nach Anspruch 2, 3 oder 4, worin das Bilderrahmenelement (110) aus vier Seitenteilen (110A, 110B) besteht, wobei jedes Seitenelement einen L-Querschnitt aufweist und derart angeordnet ist, daß ein Schenkel (110A) des L nach innen hinter das andere Element weist.
  6. Baueinheit nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche mit einer Länge von etwa 9 Metern, einer Höhe von etwa 2,4 Metern und einer Breite von etwa 2,6 Metern.
  7. Baueinheit zum Errichten einer Baueinheit nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, worin einer oder jeder Endabschnitt (1; 101) ein Verbindungsglied (23) aufweist, wodurch eine Baueinheit (M; M1) mit vertikaler Ausrichtung an einer anderen Baueinheit befestigt werden kann.
  8. Verfahren zum Errichten einer Baueinheit nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche übereinander, wobei das Verfahren das Verbinden der Baueinheiten an ihren Ecken beinhaltet, wobei die primären vertikalen Belastungen über die vertikalen Winkelelemente (11; 109) und die Biegebelastungen in die tragenden Außenhäute (3; 106) übertragen werden.
  9. Unterkunftsgebäude für eine mehrfache Belegung, mit mindestens einer Säule aus Reihen von Baueinheiten, von denen jede nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 ausgebildet ist.
  10. Gebäude nach Anspruch 9, wobei die Säule aus vier Baueinheiten besteht.
  11. Gebäude nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, mit äußeren kontinuierlichen Längselementen (26), die sich entlang dem Boden des Bodens des Gebäudes erstrecken, um dem Gebäude ein einheitliches Aussehen zu geben.
EP97944025A 1996-10-04 1997-10-06 Unterkunft für unterschiedliche bewohner Expired - Lifetime EP0929726B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9620758.4A GB9620758D0 (en) 1996-10-04 1996-10-04 Multiple occupancy accommodation
GB9620758 1996-10-04
GBGB9709066.6A GB9709066D0 (en) 1996-10-04 1997-05-02 Multiple occupancy accommodation
GB9709066 1997-05-02
PCT/GB1997/002742 WO1998015695A1 (en) 1996-10-04 1997-10-06 Multiple occupancy accommodation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0929726A1 EP0929726A1 (de) 1999-07-21
EP0929726B1 true EP0929726B1 (de) 2000-08-23

Family

ID=26310169

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97944025A Expired - Lifetime EP0929726B1 (de) 1996-10-04 1997-10-06 Unterkunft für unterschiedliche bewohner

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0929726B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2001501691A (de)
AT (1) ATE195779T1 (de)
AU (1) AU4567097A (de)
DE (1) DE69702922D1 (de)
WO (1) WO1998015695A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2003204011B1 (en) * 2003-05-05 2004-04-29 Francesco Antonio Martino A modular building and construction thereof
JP2008190260A (ja) * 2007-02-06 2008-08-21 Ysc:Kk 建築物
FR2966177A1 (fr) * 2010-10-19 2012-04-20 Begibat Unite de construction modulaire et procede de construction d'un batiment correspondant
JP6530958B2 (ja) * 2015-05-12 2019-06-12 株式会社竹中工務店 構造物
GB2547050A (en) * 2016-02-08 2017-08-09 Astudio Ltd Modular building

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1226107A (de) * 1967-08-22 1971-03-24
US3683571A (en) * 1969-11-03 1972-08-15 Armadillo Mfg Co Built-in lift assembly for building
GB2039561A (en) * 1978-12-06 1980-08-13 Portakabin Ltd Building
SE444198B (sv) * 1981-03-26 1986-03-24 Tell Nico Ab Von Byggnadskonstruktion av prismatiska rumsmoduler med vertikala och horisontella fastsvetsade sammanbindningselement och lyftoglor
FR2628462A1 (fr) * 1988-03-08 1989-09-15 Wybauw Jacques Element prefabrique pour la construction de facades legeres ventilees
GB2266907B (en) * 1992-05-13 1995-11-15 Mech Tool Engineering Ltd Portable accommodation unit
DK9200156U4 (da) * 1993-01-18 1994-04-18 S System Modules Ltd Kasseformet selvbærende bygningsmodul

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1998015695A1 (en) 1998-04-16
ATE195779T1 (de) 2000-09-15
DE69702922D1 (de) 2000-09-28
AU4567097A (en) 1998-05-05
JP2001501691A (ja) 2001-02-06
EP0929726A1 (de) 1999-07-21

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