EP0905319A2 - Railway track and its construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

A solid bed rail track has the continuous lay track with brackets (4) attached to the sleepers and supporting the track on support strips (9) laid onto the prepared bed (1). Other brackets (6) are attached to the sleepers and extend under the bottom of the sleepers with the free ends secured to horizontal bars. The sides of the track are bounded by shuttering (11) attached to the track by spacer bars (10). Concrete is poured into the laid track and fills the spaces between the sleepers and between the sleepers and the shuttering.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing slab tracks for rail traffic, as in claims 1, 2 and 5, and slab tracks Implementation of these methods as described in claims 11 and 12.

The higher strain on the railways by high-speed trains has at least on high-performance routes to move away from classic track construction with a ballast bed with high Maintenance effort led to slab tracks.

Rheda" aus dem Jahre 1972 mit ausschließlich in Beton hergestellter Tragkonstruktion das bekannteste und bewährteste. Bei dieser Konstruktion wird in einer modernen Ausführungsvariante auf einer hydraulisch gebundenen Tragschicht (HGT) ein Stahlbetontrog betoniert, innerhalb dessen ein Gleisrost verlegt und mit Justierschrauben in seine Sollage gebracht wird. Bekannt ist eine Variante des Rheda-Systems, bei der im Trog unter den Schwellen Längsrippen höhengenau hergestellt werden, auf denen der Gleisrost ohne vertikale Spindelung aufgelegt wird. Das in Sollage ausgerichtete Gleis wird mit Ortbeton so weit eingegossen, daß der untere Schwellenteil und durch ihn in Öffnungen durchgezogene in Gleislängsrichtung verlegte Bewehrungseisen in Beton eingebunden werden. Für den Ortbeton dient der Trog als Schalung, wodurch die Höhe der Trogwände bestimmt ist.The system is among the numerous solid track structures

Rheda "from 1972 with the support structure made exclusively in concrete is the best-known and most tried-and-tested. In this construction, a reinforced concrete trough is concreted in a modern version on a hydraulically bound base layer (HGT), within which a track grate is laid and brought into its desired position using adjusting screws A variant of the Rheda system is known, in which longitudinal ribs are produced to the exact height in the trough under the sleepers, on which the track grating is placed without vertical spindle. The track aligned in the target position is poured in with in-situ concrete to such an extent that the lower threshold part and through reinforcement bars laid in openings in the longitudinal direction of the track are incorporated in concrete. The trough serves as formwork for the in-situ concrete, which determines the height of the trough walls.

The Rheda design is very complex. The trough is a high cost factor. The alignment of the track with adjusting screws is inherently cost-intensive and costly and prevented at the same time the use of continuously working track laying equipment. Threading the Longitudinal iron through the sleepers is not only difficult, but the full shedding of the holes across the thresholds under construction site conditions is also not guaranteed.

Effective protection against corrosion of the longitudinal bars by filling them with concrete is therefore essential not always given and in no case verifiable.

In order to secure the bond between the trough plate and the grouting concrete of the track grate Today reinforcing steel brackets are drilled vertically into the trough base and with glue or mortar connected. This technique is not only expensive, but also in terms of its quality To doubt execution on site.

DE 44 30 769 describes a slab track construction related to the RHEDA system is known in the case of a base layer 8 - for example a hydraulically bound layer of gravel (HGT) - a trough plate 7 made of reinforced concrete is concreted on as a substructure. On the trough plate 7 the track grate 1 with concrete support body 5 made of concrete at a precise height Rail support base 10 laid. The base 10 are then under and with flow concrete cast around.

This construction - like the first construction mentioned - is very complex because it at least two concreting processes to be carried out independently of one another and one after the other requires: concreting the trough plate 7 and the production of the two Composite panel strips 6. In addition, it seems doubtful whether the in this construction provided narrow flow concrete strips are sufficient, the forces from traffic loads safely to be transferred from the grate into the trough plate 7.

• daß nur ein vor Ort in tragendem konstruktivem Stahlbeton hergestelltes Konstruktionselement für die Feste Fahrbahn erforderlich ist,
• daß alle notwendigen Konstruktionselemente der Festen Fahrbahn voll tragend mitwirken, indem die Konstruktionsregeln des Stahl- und Spannbetonbaus eingehalten werden,
• daß kontinuierlich arbeitende Gleisverlegeeinrichtungen einsetzbar sind, und
• daß aufwendige Handarbeiten - besonders innerhalb des kritischen Weges der Gleisbauarbeiten - weitgehend vermieden werden, und
• daß unter Baustellenbedingungen wenig praktikable Bauverfahren vermieden werden.

The object of the invention is to develop the Rheda system so

• that only a construction element for the slab track manufactured on site in load-bearing structural reinforced concrete is required,
• that all necessary construction elements of the slab track are fully load-bearing, by adhering to the construction rules of steel and prestressed concrete,
• that continuously working track laying equipment can be used, and
• that extensive manual work - especially within the critical path of track construction work - is largely avoided, and
• that less practical construction methods are avoided under construction site conditions.

The object is achieved by methods for producing slab tracks, their characteristic features are described in claims 1, 2 and 5, and by Slab tracks manufactured with this method with the characteristic features in the Claims 11 and 12.

The HGT base layer is a lean concrete layer of low strength, which - as well from DE 44 30 769 results - anyway in track construction as a substructure for a slab track is needed. It forms the worktop for the construction of the actual reinforced concrete structure the slab track. It only has to be so firm that the supply traffic of the construction site is on it can be handled by conventional construction site vehicles. Heavy laying vehicles can usually already run on the rails they have laid in front of their heads and load the HGT layer only indirectly, distributed over the multitude of column feet of the Track rust. The HGT layer corresponds analogously to that also used as the substructure Base layers made of asphalt, gravel, gravel, mineral concrete or solidified soil.

By directly on the HGT layer on the substructure of the track body In-situ concrete slab of the slab track is concreted in the known slab track constructions required reinforced concrete support plate saved.

The production of the elaborate trough before the track construction can be omitted. As the real one The in-situ concrete on the HGT serves as the supporting plate for the slab track integrates. The required side formwork can save costs on the threaded heads of the Tension wires in the sleeper or special anchor sleeves on the end faces of the sleeper being held.

The support feet can be installed in the sleepers so precisely calibrated that at least halve the manufacturing tolerances of the sleepers. For immediate passability to ensure the un-potted track grate in the state of construction, between the Support feet and HGT leveling layers installed to avoid voltage peaks. These leveling layers (e.g. made of plastic, rubber, bitumen cardboard or geotextile) can applied in the factory on the support feet or on the adjustment strips on the construction site.

The brackets, anchor bars and already provided on the sleepers during the production of sleepers Support feet save assembly work on the construction site. The longitudinal reinforcement in the In-situ concrete support plate can be used for yoke assemblies before the inclusion of a track grate section Track laying equipment can already be pre-assembled to save time when installing the track.

The invention provides various options for the height adjustment of the tracks. After Claim 11 are very accurate with ± 2 mm adjustable strips on the base layer used on which the support feet of the sleepers of the track grate, with a height tolerance of ± 1 mm can be produced.

According to claim 2, the height adjustment is effected by lifters, which are under the rails are placed between the sleepers on the base layer.

According to claim 5, the slab track by in the threshold axes of the track grate used spindles, as described in claims 16 and 18, according to the height adjusted.

After moving the track grate and adjusting its height, the Track rust until it is finally stabilized horizontally by the hardened in-situ concrete slab temporarily held in its horizontal orientation. Devices such as they describe claims 19-21.

Further expedient refinements of the invention describe the method claims 3, 4 and 6-10 and device claims 13-15.

Fig. 1 und 2

Schnitte durch die erfindungsgemäße Feste Fahrbahn nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 11;

Fig 1

einen Schnitt, senkrecht zur Gleisachse

Fig. 2

einen Schnitt in der Gleisachse

Fig. 3 bis 7

Schnitte durch eine Feste Fahrahn nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 12;

Fig. 3

einen Querschnitt im Bauzustand nach dem Versetzen des Gleisrostes

Fig. 4

einen Längsschnitt in Gleisachse mit eingebauten Hebern zur temporären Stützung

Fig. 5

einen Längsschnitt in Gleisachse mit dem mittels der Heber nach Lage und Höhe fixierten Gleises

Fig. 6

einen Längsschnitt in Gleisachse im Bauzustand nach dem Richten des Gleises nach Lage und Höhe und dem Vergießen des Spaltes zwischen Stützfüß und hydraulisch gebundener Tragschicht (HGT).

Fig. 7

einen Längsschnitt wie Fig. 6, jedoch nach dem Einbringen des Ortbetons für die tragende Platte.

Fig. 8 bis 11

Schnitte durch eine Feste Fahrbahn nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 12, Fig. 8 u. 10 in Schwellenlängsachse und Fig. 9 u. 11 und senkrecht zur Schwellenlängsachse mit einer Vorrichtung zum Höhenjustieren nach den Ansprüchen 8 u. 16, Fig. 10 u. 11 nach den Ansprüchen 8 und 17.

Fig. 12 u. 13

Schnitte in Schwellenachse mit einer Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 19; Fig. 12 als Widerlager gegen Seitenverschiebung, Fig. 13 gegen Längsverschiebung.

Fig. 14

Schnitte in Schwellenachse mit Vorrichtungen nach Anspruch 20.

The invention is explained using examples in FIGS. 1-14. Show it:

1 and 2

Cuts through the slab track according to the invention according to claims 1 and 11;

Fig. 1

a cut, perpendicular to the track axis

Fig. 2

a cut in the track axis

3 to 7

Cuts through a fixed track according to claims 2 and 12;

Fig. 3

a cross section in the state of construction after moving the track grate

Fig. 4

a longitudinal section in the track axis with built-in jacks for temporary support

Fig. 5

a longitudinal section in the track axis with the track fixed by means of the jack according to position and height

Fig. 6

a longitudinal section in the track axis in the state of construction after straightening the track according to position and height and casting the gap between the support foot and hydraulically bound base layer (HGT).

Fig. 7

a longitudinal section as Fig. 6, but after the placing of the in-situ concrete for the supporting plate.

8 to 11

Cuts through a slab track according to claims 5 and 12, Fig. 8 u. 10 in the longitudinal axis and Fig. 9 u. 11 and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the threshold with a device for height adjustment according to claims 8 u. 16, Fig. 10 u. 11 according to claims 8 and 17.

Fig. 12 u. 13

Cuts in the threshold axis with a device according to claim 19; Fig. 12 as an abutment against lateral displacement, Fig. 13 against longitudinal displacement.

Fig. 14

Cuts in the threshold axis with devices according to claim 20.

Explanation of the reference numbers:

To produce the slab tracks according to the invention, a base layer 1, For example, a hydraulically bound base layer HGT can be a track grate 2 Thresholds 3 and rails 5 mounted thereon with rail fastenings 4. The Thresholds are already provided with brackets 6 in the manufacture, in which the Anchor iron 7 are already pre-assembled before moving the grate. Track grille 2 opens Support feet 8 are placed horizontally on the base layer 1 in the planned position and then on brought according to plan.

According to claim 1, the height adjustment is carried out by adjusting strips 9, which are accurate to ± 2 mm the support layer 1 are applied and on which the support feet 8, with ± 1 mm accuracy are already glued to the sole surface of the sleepers 3 during the manufacture of the sleepers, sit on. The longitudinal reinforcement 13 can be installed after alignment of the grate or pre-assembled in the grate.

The formwork 11 for the in-situ concrete 14 over the HGT 1 is - expediently in large elements, which can largely be implemented mechanically -, built on the surface of the HGT and in corresponding devices installed in the end faces of the sleepers 3, anchored. For this purpose, the thresholds manufactured using the late shuttering process Threaded body 12 of the tendons 10 serve. For sleepers manufactured with immediate demoulding threaded sleeves are expediently installed in the end faces of the sleepers. By Pour the trough between the formwork 11 on the HGT 1 except for one by the statics a certain height above the level of the sleepers with in-situ concrete 14 actually arises slab carrying slab. On the tie height of the threshold in the in-situ concrete Carrier plate can be used to achieve an optimal bond between the threshold surface Threshold 3 and support plate, e.g. by inserting a bubble wrap into the threshold formwork, be profiled.

According to claim 2 5 lifters 16 are displaced under the rails and the rails with the Track grid spindled to the planned height and thus temporarily fixed in its target position. That too Moving the jacks and spindling at height could be done mechanically. After height fixing of the track grate, the joints 14 between the top of the Base layer 1 and the lower edge of the preassembled support feet 8 switch and with pour quick-setting mortar. After the mortar has hardened, the track is finally in its position is fixed and the jacks can be rewound, removed and reused become. When the installation of the reinforcement 13 is completed and the side formwork 11 is finally the load-bearing concrete 14 in the formwork 13 in situ Concrete slab, which then forms the slab track with the track grate.

According to claim 5, the sleepers 3 are pre-assembled in or next to the support feet 8 Spindles 18 on. The support feet 8 are optimally suitable for the stress on the threshold arranged in the rail axes. The thresholds can then be the most economical be dimensioned. However, there may also be reasons - e.g. if you are in the Support feet to lead spindles - to place the support feet close to the rail axes. The support feet 8 can have a load-distributing intermediate layer 15 on their underside have compliant material to the high vertical forces that when driving over the Track grate laying device - immediately after the grate with the support feet directly on the Surface of the base layer 1 is attached - arise, harmless to the support feet in the Distribute and initiate base layer.

After the laid section of the track grate 2 has been run over by the track straightening machine, this section is raised to the desired height with the aid of the spindles 18 and the thereby joint 17 formed between the lower edge of the support foot and the upper edge of the base course fast-curing high-strength mortar closed. The track grate 2 is vertical and fixed horizontally in this position.

The spindle 18 is pre-assembled in the threshold 3. Is the support foot 8 next to the rail axis arranged, the spindle screw 19 can be guided through it in a recess 21. The Screw 19 of the spindle 18 is appropriately tapered at its lower end 32 to greater resistance to lateral displacement on the surface of the support layer 1 to create.

Until the track grate 2 is cast on the base layer 1 with in-situ concrete 14, the Alignment of the track not only in terms of height but also against lateral displacements be secured. This can be the same for all types of production of the slab track Way can be achieved with devices according to claims 19 and 20.

According to claim 19, the horizontal displacement of the not yet cast on the Base layer 1 aligned track grid 2 with glued on blocks 22 can be prevented. The Blocks 22 are suitably prefabricated from concrete. 12 in front of a in the threshold axis Surface of the support leg 8 arranged, they form abutments against lateral movements of the Track grate 2, analogous to the track axis arranged according to FIG. 13, against movements in Track axis. Lateral movements of the track grate 2 should also be the device 23 according to claim 20 and Fig. 14 prevent. The device 23 is with an oar 24 in one Hole 25 firmly anchored in the base layer 1. At a suitable height above the The surface of the base layer has a horizontal bore 26. Threaded can this hole already serve as a guide for a screw 27, which, against a Outer surface 29 of the track grate 2 - e.g. on the front of the threshold 3 - pressed, one Can prevent lateral movement of the track grate. The screw 27 can also in one Be threaded element 28 which is held with the bore 30 in the oarlock 31. The oarlock 31 should then expediently have a correspondingly larger cross section. He can also be a square profile.

Claims (20)

1. Method for producing a slab track for rail-bound traffic consisting of a substructure on which a track grate (2) from rails (5) pre-assembled on the track or turnout sleepers (3) is placed in height and position to the specified common axis and cast with in-situ concrete is characterized by that the base layer (1) that solidifies the substructure - for example a hydraulically bound base layer (HGT) - is used as an assembly base layer for the track grating (2) made of rails (5) and sleepers (3) and applied with a height of at least ± 2 mm Adjustment strip (9) with a load capacity of at least 25 KP / cm ² , that the sleepers (3) in the manufacture with brackets (6) and anchor iron (7) in the longitudinal axis of the sleeper, as well as with support feet (8) of about 600 cm ² cross section, which the track grating (2) during assembly on the prefabricated alignment strips (9 ) support at a regular distance above the HGT (1), be equipped, that the track grate (2) consisting of rails (5) and sleepers (3) is preassembled completely and optionally also with longitudinal reinforcement (7) under the sleepers, laid on the HGT using conventional track laying equipment, that lateral formwork (11) on the HGT (1) are set up and anchored in front of the threshold end faces, and the space inside the formwork (1) above the surface of the HGT (1) is professionally poured with in-situ concrete (14) to a certain extent above the threshold sole. 2. Method for producing a slab track for rail-bound traffic, consisting of a substructure on which a track grate (2) from rails (5) preassembled on the track or turnout sleepers (3) is placed in height and position to the specified track axis and with in-situ concrete (14) is shed, characterized in that that the base layer (1) that solidifies the substructure - for example a hydraulic base layer (HGT) - is used as an assembly base layer, that the sleepers (3) in the manufacture with brackets (6) and anchor iron (7) in the sleeper axis and with support feet (8) of about 600 cm ² cross-section, on which the track grate (2) temporarily during assembly on the base layer (1 ) is discontinued, equipped, that the track grate (2) made of rails (5) and sleepers (3) is pre-assembled completely and optionally also with longitudinal reinforcement under the sleepers, using conventional track laying equipment on the HGT. that the track grate (2) is aligned precisely with the specified track axis in terms of height and side and is immediately temporarily fixed in the desired position by lifters (16), which are attached under the rails (5), that after straightening the track, the joint (17) switches between the bottom surface of the concrete base (8) and the surface of the HGT (1) and is poured out with quick-setting mortar. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that after hardening of the mortar, the lifters are removed and are ready for reinstallation when continuing the slab track. 4. Process according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the lifters are mechanically adjusted to the desired height by the straightening machine. 5. Method for producing a slab track for rail-bound traffic, consisting of a substructure on which a track grate (2) from rails (5) pre-assembled on the track or turnout sleepers (3) is placed in height and position to the specified track axis, with in-situ concrete (14) is shed, characterized in that that the base layer (1) that solidifies the substructure - for example a hydraulic base layer (HGT) - is used as an assembly base layer, that the sleepers (3) in the manufacture with brackets (6) and anchor iron (7) in the sleeper axis and with support feet (8) of about 600 cm ² cross-section, on which the track grate (2) temporarily during assembly on the base layer (1 ) is discontinued, equipped, that the track grate (2) consisting of rails (5) and sleepers (3) is preassembled and optionally with longitudinal reinforcement under the sleepers, laid on the HGT using conventional track laying equipment. that the track grate (2) is positioned horizontally aligned on the support feet (8) in relation to the given track axis and is adjusted in height and temporarily fixed with the aid of spindles (18) which are expediently arranged close to the track axis and that the joint (17) between the support plate (1) and support foot (8) is poured out immediately after the height adjustment with fast-curing high-strength mortar. that the aligned track grate (2) with support bodies on the HGT (1) is fixed horizontally until it is concreted, formwork (11) on the HGT (1) is set up and anchored in front of the sleeper end faces, and that the space inside the formwork (1) above the surface of the HGT (1) is professionally poured with in-situ concrete (14) to a certain extent above the threshold sole. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the support feet (8) in the sleeper factory with quick-curing synthetic resin mortar glued to the underside of the threshold and thereby threshold (3) and support foot are calibrated in height to an accuracy of ± 1 mm . 7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the thresholds (3) laterally, as far as they incorporate in the in-situ concrete (14), are profiled 8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the formwork (11) using the exposed thread heads (12) of the tension reinforcement (10) in the late formwork sleepers (3) vertically in front of the end faces of the sleepers (3) so be installed so that they reach at least up to the upper edge of the in-situ concrete (14) and close tightly below with the surface of the HGT (1). 9. The method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that large-area elements are used for the formwork (11) in front of the sleeper heads, which are movable with reusable trolleys after re-hardening of the in-situ concrete (14). 10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the grate is fixed in addition to the formation of suitable abutment devices (22,23) against horizontal displacements in the track axis and / or perpendicular to the track axis. 11. Fixed carriageway for carrying out the method according to claim 1, built up from a base layer, a track grid that is precisely and vertically offset on the base layer, from rails and sleepers and a cast in-situ concrete over the base layer up to a predetermined height above the base of the threshold, thereby featured , that on a hydraulically bonded mounting base layer (1) (HGT), two adjustment strips (9) are arranged on the HGT (1) at exactly the specified height and with a load capacity of at least 25 KP / cm ² and a height accuracy of ± 2 mm, that they have a track grate made of rails and sleepers with support feet (8) located under the sleepers at a distance from the adjusting strips (9) which hold the track grate (2) at the desired height and have a cross section of approximately 600 cm ² , that the sleepers (3) of the track grate (2) have brackets (6) and anchor bars (7) on their bottom surface and reinforcement bars (13) are laid above the anchor bars (7) in the longitudinal direction of the track, and that the sleepers (3) with in-situ concrete (14) are poured into a solid support plate above the HGT (1), which is laterally and at a height of up to 12 cm above the sole of the sleeper (3). 12. Fixed carriageway for carrying out the method according to claims 2 and 5 built up from a base layer, a track grid made of rails and sleepers which is offset in height and position on the base layer and a cast in-situ concrete over the base layer up to a predetermined height above the base of the threshold, characterized in that the track grate consisting of rails, sleepers and reinforcement is aligned horizontally and vertically directly on the base layer (1) and is concreted into a solid reinforced concrete slab. 13. Solid carriageway according to one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that it has concrete sleepers (3), in the end faces of which threaded sleeves or pegs are installed, in which the formwork beams can be anchored. 15. Solid carriageway according to one of claims 11 -14, characterized in that the sleepers (3) used on their sole surface in the manufacture of built-in bracket (6) and preassembled anchor bars (7) in the longitudinal direction of the sleepers. 16. Fixed track according to one of claims 11 -15, characterized in that at least individual sleepers (3) near the axis of the rail (5) or the support foot (8) have spindles (18) through a corresponding recess in the Threshold is pressed against the surface of the support plate (1) and with which the grate (2) can be adjusted in height. 17. Fixed carriageway according to claim 16, characterized in that the support foot (8) is arranged to the side of the rail axis and the spindle (18) is guided through vertical recesses which penetrate both the threshold (3) and the support feet (8). 18. Solid carriageway according to claim 16, characterized in that the spindle (19) is guided below the threshold sole to approximately above the surface of the base layer (1) in a stiffening tube (21) next to a support foot (8). 19. Slab track according to one of claims 11 -17, characterized in that prefabricated blocks (22) on the base layer (1) against the side surfaces of support feet (8) are glued. 20. Slab track according to one of claims 11 -17, characterized in that in a bore (25) in the support plate (1) an oarlock (24,30) is embedded, which is a horizontal bore (26,31), either has an internal thread or a corresponding threaded element (28) in which a spindle screw (27) can be screwed against a part of the grate - for example the end face (29) of the threshold (3) and can be pressed in such a way that it moves the Prevents rust (2) against the spindle (23). 21. Solid track according to one of claims 16 - 20, characterized in that the spindles (18 or 23) or at least the spindle screws (19 or 27) are recoverable.

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