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EP0993854B1 - Filtre d'air - Google Patents

Filtre d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0993854B1
EP0993854B1 EP99112865A EP99112865A EP0993854B1 EP 0993854 B1 EP0993854 B1 EP 0993854B1 EP 99112865 A EP99112865 A EP 99112865A EP 99112865 A EP99112865 A EP 99112865A EP 0993854 B1 EP0993854 B1 EP 0993854B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air filter
fibres
filter according
nonwoven fabric
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP99112865A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0993854A1 (fr
Inventor
Anthony Hollingsworth
Ralph Berkemann
Oliver Dr. Staudenmayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Freudenberg KG
Original Assignee
Carl Freudenberg KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl Freudenberg KG filed Critical Carl Freudenberg KG
Publication of EP0993854A1 publication Critical patent/EP0993854A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0993854B1 publication Critical patent/EP0993854B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08—Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0001—Making filtering elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/0032—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions using electrostatic forces to remove particles, e.g. electret filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres having existing or potential cohesive properties, e.g. natural fibres, prestretched or fibrillated artificial fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43825—Composite fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
    • D04H1/43835—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/49—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation entanglement by fluid jet in combination with another consolidation means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/55—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2275/00—Filter media structures for filters specially adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D2275/30—Porosity of filtering material
    • B01D2275/305—Porosity decreasing in flow direction
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D04H1/5412—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S55/00—Gas separation
    • Y10S55/05—Methods of making filter

Definitions

  • An air filter with a raw air side and a clean air side having nonwoven fabric, which is formed of adhesively or cohesively connected fibers is known from DE 44 27 817 C1 known.
  • the particles to be deposited are predominantly deposited in the filter material.
  • An air filter material which consists of a laminate of two nonwoven fabric layers.
  • the clean air side facing layer is solidified by water jets and has fibers of average fineness less than 2.2 dtex.
  • the nonwoven fabric layer facing the untreated side has relatively coarser fibers in comparison. Both layers are connected by mechanical needling. Although has such Filter medium improved efficiency compared with a purely mechanically needled nonwoven fabric.
  • the disadvantage is that pinholes also form in the air-side layer during lamination by needling, which have a negative effect on the filter efficiency with regard to small particles.
  • the liquid jetting may in particular consist of a high-pressure water jet treatment, which is known from the production of nonwovens.
  • the fibers Due to the sharply bundled high-pressure water jets, which penetrate the nonwoven fabric and hit a liquid-permeable surface, the fibers are swirled.
  • the fibers detected by the liquid jets thereby assume a loop-shaped arrangement.
  • the beam energy which is determined by the liquid mass per unit time and the liquid pressure, dimensioned such that the fibers are increasingly compressed from the raw air side to the clean air side. This results in densified areas in which particles of different sizes are separable.
  • the liquid jet treatment from the clean air side which is carried out in conjunction with the adhesive and / or cohesive fiber bonding, leads to a nonwoven fabric which has a surprisingly high rigidity and at the same time has excellent filter properties.
  • Another advantage is that the achieved by the liquid jet treatment thicknesses of the filter material of 5 mm and less are suitable for an air filter and can make an additional Kalandr michsvorgang superfluous.
  • the production costs can be reduced, since even with a single-layer nonwoven fabric differently densified areas can be produced in a single process step.
  • the fibers have entanglements, which are produced before the adhesive and / or cohesive bonding by liquid jets from the raw air side. Due to the additional liquid jets from the raw air side, which preferably takes place with a different beam energy than the liquid jets from the clean air side, a particularly strong depth filter material can be obtained.
  • the fibers have a titre of 0.05 to 50 dtex.
  • the fibers contain coarse fibers and fine fibers.
  • the denier of the coarse fibers is at least a factor of 6 above the denier of the fine fibers.
  • the air filter may have fine fibers having a denier of about 1 dtex and coarse fibers having a denier of about 6 dtex or more.
  • split fibers are relatively coarse multicomponent fibers in conventional rollable fiber titers, which can be easily processed.
  • the splitting of the split fibers produces comparatively fine fibers. In this way, it is also possible to produce fabrics with microfiber structures using conventional methods.
  • the manufacture of the air filter is particularly simplified in that the split fibers are split by the liquid jet treatment.
  • a particularly good dust storage capacity in the filter material is achieved by the fact that the media density of the nonwoven fabric increases progressively in the flow direction.
  • the air filter has a low fiber density and large filter pores on the unfiltered air side. In this area, the larger particles to be separated are collected. To the clean air side of the air filter towards the fiber density increases progressively; correspondingly smaller there are the pores formed by the fibers. Smaller particles to be separated first pass through the low fiber density region on the unfiltered side and are then deposited in a region of higher fiber density. This ensures that the air filter can be loaded over the entire thickness of the filter material with the particles to be deposited. Consequently High filter service lives and a consistently low pressure drop over the entire filter life can be achieved.
  • the nonwoven fabric has at least one first of the raw air side facing fiber layer and a second of the clean air side facing fiber layer.
  • the production is particularly simplified in that at least one of the fiber layers consists essentially of a pre-bonded nonwoven fabric layer and that at least one other of the fiber layers is substantially formed by a applied on the nonwoven layer fibrous web, the fibrous web and the nonwoven fabric layer connected by the liquid jets are.
  • Especially small particles can be deposited in the filter if the fiber layer formed by the batt contains the split fiber.
  • a further improvement of the filter properties is achieved by the fact that the fibers are electrostatically charged. This can in particular by an electret treatment such. B. carried out a corona treatment.
  • the cohesive connection of the fibers can be carried out in a particularly advantageous manner by a fusion of a part of the fibers.
  • the adhesive bond can be made particularly easily by bonding the fibers through a binder.
  • Bicomponent binder fibers are preferably used.
  • the manufacturing cost of the air filter are lowered by the fact that the filter material is liquid blasted over its entire cross section.
  • a particularly large filter surface is achieved in that the depth filter material is pleated.
  • FIG. 1 shows an inventive air filter 1, which is designed as a filter cartridge. It has a filter material 2, which is pleated parallel to a side edge. The filter material 2 is bordered by a sealing strip 3.
  • the filter material 2 may consist of the in FIG. 2 , which is intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention, illustrated nonwoven fabric 5 exist. This is formed of synthetic fibers 6 having a denier of 0.05 to 50 dtex and can be produced by means of carding machines (eg carding).
  • the fiber density in the unfiltered air side 7 facing region A is lower than in the central region B and There, in turn, less than in the clean air side 8 facing area C. Accordingly, the size of the limited by the fibers 6 spaces or pores of the nonwoven fabric 5 from the area A to the area C down from. As a result, larger particles can be used in operation the area A of the air filter, smaller particles in the area B and the finest particles in the area C are deposited.
  • the fibers 6 of the nonwoven fabric 5 are adhesively and / or cohesively connected after the liquid jet treatment.
  • Cohesive bonding may be accomplished by welding, with the fibers 6 temporarily softening at elevated temperature and joining adjacent fibers 6 at their points of contact, optionally under pressure.
  • An adhesive bond may be made by bonding the fibers 6 through a binder. This can be mixed in the form of so-called binding fibers even before the production of the web 5. Bonding then takes place, for example, by a thermal treatment, wherein the sheath of the binder fiber softens and adjacent fibers 6 connect with each other locally.
  • An adhesive bond can also be made by applying a liquid polymer binder which is cured by a subsequent heat treatment.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the nonwoven fabric 5 according to the invention
  • the fibers 6 have coarse fibers 6 'and fine fibers 6 ", wherein the titer of the coarse fibers is higher than that of the fine fibers by a factor of 6.
  • the regions A', B 'of the nonwoven fabric 5 with different properties in The flow direction R is obtained by providing at least two fiber layers with different fiber compositions.
  • the fiber layer facing the unfiltered air side 7, which is arranged in the region A ', has a higher proportion of coarse fibers 6' than the fiber layer facing the clean air side 8.
  • Weight ratio of the fine fibers to the coarse fibers in the nonwoven fabric 5 is 5 to 95 to 40 to 60.
  • the liquid jetting produces entanglements of the fibers 6 ', 6 "connecting the fiber layers.
  • the fibers can be electrostatically charged. This can be done by an electret treatment, in particular by a corona treatment.
  • the fine fibers 6 can at least partially consist of split split fibers 9.
  • a schematic cross section through such a split fiber 9 is shown in FIG FIG. 4 shown.
  • the illustrated split fiber 9 has a first component 10 formed from a first polymer and a second component 11 formed from a second polymer.
  • eight segments are formed with the component 10, wherein between the segments in each case layer-shaped component 11 is arranged.
  • the titer of the fine fibers 6 "produced by splitting the split fiber 9 may be down to 0.05 dtex.
  • the un-split grit fiber 9, however, is much coarser and, as a result, can be easily processed by adding it to the nonwoven fabric 5.
  • the splitting of the split fiber 9 is carried out by the force exerted on the split fiber 9 pressure by means of water jet treatment.
  • the nonwoven fabric in Example 1 has a mass weight of 300 g / m 2 and a Dikke (measured according to DIN 53855) of 3 mm. It is made from carded staple fiber.
  • the fiber composition is 40% 0.9 dtex, 10% 6.7 dtex polyester fiber and 50% 2.2 dtex polyester bicomponent fiber. Entanglement of the fibers are produced by one-sided water jetting with a water pressure between 50 and 100 bar. Then the nonwoven fabric in dried a Thermofusionsofen and bound by activation of the binder fiber.
  • This nonwoven fabric has a stiffness in the longitudinal direction of 120 N mm 2 (measured at 20 ° bending angle according to DIN 53350). This is about 3 times as high as a nonwoven fabric of identical fiber composition, weight and thickness, but produced without liquid jet treatment.
  • a connection of the pile by entanglement of the fibers contained therein is produced by water jets, with a water pressure between 50 and 150 bar, and immediately dried in a thermofusion oven and bound by activation of the binder fiber.
  • the resulting nonwoven fabric structure indicates a steady decrease in fine fibers from the fine fiber side to the coarse fiber side.
  • the nonwoven fabric structure has a bending stiffness, in the production direction, of 38.0 N ⁇ mm 2 (measured at 20 ° bending angle, according to DIN 53350). This is three times as high as a comparison filter material, which is composed of three layers produced in different steps, which are produced without liquid jets in the calender process, with the same weight and the same thickness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Filtre à air comprenant un matériau de filtration à lit profond (2) qui contient une nappe fibreuse (5) présentant un côté air brut (7) et un côté air pur (8), la nappe fibreuse (5) étant constituée de fibres (6) reliées par adhésion et/ou cohésion, les fibres (6) contenant des fibres grossières (6') et des fibres fines (6"), les fibres (6) présentant des entrelacements qui sont générés par des jets de liquide provenant du côté air pur (8) avant leur liaison par adhésion et/ou cohésion, les fibres (6) étant comprimées de plus en plus par le jet de liquide du côté air brut (7) vers le côté air pur (8) d'une manière telle qu'il se forme des zones (A, B, C) comprimées différemment et comprenant respectivement les fibres grossières (6') et les fibres fines (6") et dans lesquelles peuvent se déposer des particules de tailles différentes.
  2. Filtre à air selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fibres (6) présentent des entrelacements qui sont générés par des jets de liquide supplémentaires provenant du côté air brut (7) avant leur liaison par adhésion et/ou cohésion.
  3. Filtre à air selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les fibres (6) présentent un titre de 0,05 à 50 dtex.
  4. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le titre des fibres grossières (6') est au moins supérieur d'un facteur 6 au titre des fibres fines (6").
  5. Filtre à air selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les fibres fines (6") sont composées du moins partiellement de fibres fractionnées (9).
  6. Filtre à air selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les fibres fractionnées (9) sont fractionnées par le traitement par jet de liquide.
  7. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la densité de milieu de la nappe fibreuse (5) augmente progressivement dans le sens d'écoulement (R).
  8. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (5) présente au moins une première couche de fibres (A') tournée vers le côté air brut (7) et une deuxième couche de fibres (B') tournée vers le côté air pur (8).
  9. Filtre à air selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des couches de fibres (A', B') est composée substantiellement d'une couche de nappe fibreuse consolidée préalablement et qu'au moins une autre des couches de fibres est composée substantiellement d'un voile de carde appliqué sur la couche de nappe fibreuse, le voile de carde et la couche de nappe fibreuse étant reliés l'un à l'autre par le jet de liquide.
  10. Filtre à air selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la couche fibreuse constituée par le voile de carde est disposée du côté air pur (8) de la couche de nappe fibreuse.
  11. Filtre à air selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la couche fibreuse constituée par le voile de carde contient les fibres fractionnées.
  12. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la première couche de fibres (A') tournée vers le côté air brut (7) contient une proportion de fibres grossières (6') plus élevée que la deuxième couche de fibres (B') tournée vers le côté air pur (8).
  13. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les fibres (6) sont chargées électrostatiquement.
  14. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la liaison par cohésion est faite en soudant les fibres (6).
  15. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la liaison par adhésion est faite en collant les fibres (6) à l'aide d'un liant.
  16. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de filtration reçoit un jet de liquide sur toute sa section transversale.
  17. Filtre à air selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de filtration à lit profond est plissé.
EP99112865A 1998-09-21 1999-07-03 Filtre d'air Expired - Lifetime EP0993854B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843000A DE19843000C2 (de) 1998-09-21 1998-09-21 Luftfilter
DE19843000 1998-09-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0993854A1 EP0993854A1 (fr) 2000-04-19
EP0993854B1 true EP0993854B1 (fr) 2008-12-10

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EP99112865A Expired - Lifetime EP0993854B1 (fr) 1998-09-21 1999-07-03 Filtre d'air

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US (1) US6387141B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0993854B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3406254B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100355057B1 (fr)
AR (1) AR021222A1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE416834T1 (fr)
BR (1) BR9904211B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2282856C (fr)
CZ (1) CZ300179B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE19843000C2 (fr)
HU (1) HU220657B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL194536B1 (fr)
TR (1) TR199902147A3 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU9903194D0 (en) 1999-11-29
EP0993854A1 (fr) 2000-04-19
PL335475A1 (en) 2000-03-27
JP3406254B2 (ja) 2003-05-12
TR199902147A2 (xx) 2000-04-21
HUP9903194A3 (en) 2000-07-28
TR199902147A3 (tr) 2000-04-21
CA2282856C (fr) 2004-11-23
CA2282856A1 (fr) 2000-03-21
BR9904211B1 (pt) 2009-01-13
CZ307099A3 (cs) 2000-08-16
DE19843000A1 (de) 2000-04-06
PL194536B1 (pl) 2007-06-29
KR100355057B1 (ko) 2002-10-05
BR9904211A (pt) 2000-07-18
US6387141B1 (en) 2002-05-14
CZ300179B6 (cs) 2009-03-04
HU220657B1 (hu) 2002-03-28
DE59914925D1 (de) 2009-01-22
AR021222A1 (es) 2002-07-03
JP2000093719A (ja) 2000-04-04
DE19843000C2 (de) 2000-07-13
KR20000023331A (ko) 2000-04-25
ATE416834T1 (de) 2008-12-15
HUP9903194A2 (hu) 2000-05-28

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