EP0987069A2 - Hot marking process for metallic parts - Google Patents
Hot marking process for metallic parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0987069A2 EP0987069A2 EP99402111A EP99402111A EP0987069A2 EP 0987069 A2 EP0987069 A2 EP 0987069A2 EP 99402111 A EP99402111 A EP 99402111A EP 99402111 A EP99402111 A EP 99402111A EP 0987069 A2 EP0987069 A2 EP 0987069A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- marking
- mixture
- aluminum
- hot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/24—Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
- B21C51/005—Marking devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of marking a part hot metal, in particular a mechanical part made in a foundry, in order to identify said part during the various stages of its manufacturing.
- the Applicant has posed the problem of marking alphanumeric characters on a hot aluminum part and more specially a hot aluminum casting having a temperature higher than 150 ° C.
- poteyage products for a completely different application most often to protect against corrosion by cast aluminum from metal steel elements of the mold or to help with demolding.
- the process according to the present invention has the advantage, inter alia, allow the marking of hot aluminum cast parts at most near the molds, that is to say the place of actual manufacture of said parts, which avoids any risk of manual intervention by operators. In this way, it is now possible to control the tolerances on the said parts and to determine the influence of the most important to some extremely delicate manufacturing processes such as that of a cylinder head, for example.
- mixtures of the oil mixture type may be mentioned paraffinic and synthetic wax.
- the poteyage product useful in the context of the present invention should advantageously comprise a mixture of the type mixture of paraffinic oils and synthetic wax, associated with preferably a solid filler.
- a solid filler As an example of solid charge, we can cite a mixture of graphite and aluminum.
- said solid filler is in the form of powder in suspension in mixtures of the paraffinic oil and wax type synthesis at a rate of 2% to 10% by weight, preferably 6% by weight per relative to the total weight of the composition.
- a rate of 2% to 10% by weight, preferably 6% by weight per relative to the total weight of the composition we can cite the product sold by the company AMPERE INDUSTRY under the trade name Antietam PW.
- the dimensions of the part are: 150 x 100 x 10 mm.
- the text to be marked is as follows: 11 alphanumeric characters arranged on two lines, the height of the characters being 6 mm.
- the marking head is mounted in a double envelope with circulation of air between the two walls.
- fatty soup known under the trade name Antietam PW, sold by AMPERE INDUSTRIE.
- the hot part is held vertically during the removal of the so as to create a flow curtain on the room.
- the cleaning product melts and spreads over the surface to be marked.
- the marking is carried out after melting the oils and waxes.
- the marking time for 11 characters 6 mm high is about 12 seconds.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
- Dot-Matrix Printers And Others (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a trait à un procédé de marquage d'une pièce métallique chaude, notamment d'une pièce mécanique réalisée en fonderie, en vue d'identifier ladite pièce au cours des différentes étapes de sa fabrication.The present invention relates to a method of marking a part hot metal, in particular a mechanical part made in a foundry, in order to identify said part during the various stages of its manufacturing.
L'importance du marquage de pièces réalisées en fonderie réside dans la nécessité d'assurer, entres autres, la traçabilité desdites pièces, la maítrise statistique de leur procédé de fabrication et des analyses de corrélation.The importance of marking parts made in foundry lies in the need to ensure, among other things, the traceability of said parts, control statistics of their manufacturing process and correlation analyzes.
Le marquage d'objets métalliques chauds a été jusqu'ici diversement traité tant au niveau des procédés que des compositions de marquage comme rappelé dans le document FR-A-2 308 999.The marking of hot metallic objects has so far been treated in various ways both in terms of processes and labeling compositions such as recalled in document FR-A-2 308 999.
L'enseignement antérieur a ainsi porté sur le marquage de l'acier sous forme par exemple de lingots ou de plaques chauds ou encore du fer, notamment de formes de moulages en fonte (coquilles) et de plaques de moulage chauds.Previous teaching has thus focused on the marking of steel under form for example ingots or hot plates or iron, in particular of cast iron molds (shells) and plates of hot molding.
La Demanderesse s'est posée quant à elle le problème du marquage de caractères alphanumériques sur une pièce chaude en aluminium et plus spécialement une pièce chaude coulée en aluminium ayant une température supérieure à 150 °C.The Applicant has posed the problem of marking alphanumeric characters on a hot aluminum part and more specially a hot aluminum casting having a temperature higher than 150 ° C.
Le marquage à chaud par laser a été écarté en raison notamment d'un coût d'investissement trop élevé, de conditions de mise en oeuvre délicates et de temps de cycles trop élevés. Laser hot stamping has been ruled out mainly due to cost investment too high, delicate implementation conditions and cycle times too long.
La technique de marquage par impact de molettes gravées a été abandonnée en raison du risque important de déformation ou de fissuration de la pièce chaude à marquer et dont la structure n'est pas entièrement consolidée.The impact marking technique of engraved knurled wheels has been abandoned due to the significant risk of deformation or cracking of the part hot to mark and whose structure is not fully consolidated.
Aussi il a été envisagé un marquage à chaud par impact du type gravure au moyen d'un système de percussion classique équipé d'une tête se terminant par une pointe en interposant d'abord un clinquant mince entre la pointe et la pièce à marquer. Ces essais n'ont pas donné de résultat satisfaisant en raison du collage partiel ou total du clinquant.Also, hot stamping by impact of the engraving type has been envisaged. using a conventional percussion system fitted with a terminating head by a point by first interposing a thin foil between the point and the part to be marked. These tests did not give satisfactory results in reason for partial or total gluing of the foil.
Ce phénomène de collage apparaít soit dès le ou les premiers caractères marqués, soit après quelques séries complètes. Cette difficulté rend le procédé de marquage difficilement industrialisable voire inexploitable.This bonding phenomenon appears either from the very first marked characters, ie after a few complete series. This difficulty makes the marking process difficult to industrialize or even unusable.
C'est de manière tout à fait surprenante que la Demanderesse a trouvé que le fait de déposer sur la pièce, préalablement au marquage de cette dernière, un produit de poteyage, permet de surmonter les difficultés mentionnées ci-dessus et de réaliser un marquage fiable.It is quite surprising that the Applicant has found that the fact of depositing on the part, before marking it, a poteyage product, overcomes the difficulties mentioned above and to carry out a reliable marking.
C'est cette découverte inattendue qui est à la base de la présente invention.It is this unexpected discovery which is the basis of the present invention.
En fonderie d'aluminium, par exemple lors du coulage de l'aluminium par gravité, on utilise des produits de poteyage pour une tout autre application le plus souvent pour protéger de la corrosion par l'aluminium coulé des éléments métalliques en acier du moule ou encore pour aider au démoulage. On peut poteyer habituellement ainsi les évents d'évacuation, qui sont des cheminées de remontée du métal, afin de protéger les surfaces et les garder le plus lisse possible, pour garantir l'état de surface de la pièce et ne pas perturber l'écoulement du métal pendant la phase de remplissage.In aluminum foundry, for example when casting aluminum by gravity, we use poteyage products for a completely different application most often to protect against corrosion by cast aluminum from metal steel elements of the mold or to help with demolding. We can usually poteyer the exhaust vents, which are metal lift chimneys to protect and keep surfaces as smooth as possible, to guarantee the surface condition of the part and not disturb the flow of metal during the filling phase.
Ainsi la présente invention a pour objet un procédé de marquage d'une
pièce métallique chaude caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes
consistant :
Le procédé conforme à la présente invention présente l'intérêt, entre autres, de permettre le marquage des pièces chaudes coulées en aluminium au plus près des moules, c'est à dire du lieu de fabrication effective desdites pièces, ce qui permet d'éviter tout risque d'intervention manuelle des opérateurs. De la sorte, il est désormais possible de contrôler les tolérances sur lesdites pièces et à déterminer au mieux l'influence des paramètres les plus importants de certains procédés de fabrication extrêmement délicats tel que celui d'une culasse, par exemple.The process according to the present invention has the advantage, inter alia, allow the marking of hot aluminum cast parts at most near the molds, that is to say the place of actual manufacture of said parts, which avoids any risk of manual intervention by operators. In this way, it is now possible to control the tolerances on the said parts and to determine the influence of the most important to some extremely delicate manufacturing processes such as that of a cylinder head, for example.
Dans le cadre de la présente invention on entend par :
- « pièce chaude », une pièce ayant une température de 200 °C à 450 °C.
- « produit de poteyage » un produit bien connu dans la technique du moulage en coquille par gravité ou encore en fonderie sous pression, etc... Des exemples de produits de poteyage se trouvent dans des notices éditées par exemple par le Centre Technique des Industries de Fonderie. Ces produits peuvent se présenter notamment sous la forme de compositions aqueuses ou huileuses ou encore en émulsion huile dans eau, ou enfin sous forme de produits secs à diluer dans l'eau ou un autre solvant tel que l'huile. Pour des raisons évidentes de sécurité et selon les températures des moules et les conditions environnantes, il est tenu compte des températures d'auto-inflammabilité de ces produits.
- "Hot room" means a room with a temperature of 200 ° C to 450 ° C.
- "Poteyage product" a product well known in the technique of shell molding by gravity or in pressure foundry, etc. Examples of poteyage products can be found in notices published for example by the Foundry. These products can be in particular in the form of aqueous or oily compositions or else in oil-in-water emulsion, or finally in the form of dry products to be diluted in water or another solvent such as oil. For obvious safety reasons and depending on mold temperatures and surrounding conditions, the auto-ignition temperatures of these products are taken into account.
Le procédé de marquage de la présente invention est avantageusement appliqué à une pièce en aluminium.The marking method of the present invention is advantageously applied to an aluminum part.
Le produit de poteyage déposé sur la pièce chaude en aluminium a de préférence une composition déterminée choisie à base ou issue d'au moins une huile et / ou une cire naturelles et / ou de synthèse et comprenant éventuellement une charge solide.The coating product deposited on the hot aluminum part has preferably a determined composition chosen based on or derived from at least a natural and / or synthetic oil and / or wax and comprising possibly a solid charge.
Comme exemples de produits de poteyage issu d'huile naturelle utiles dans la cadre de la présente invention on peut citer les mélanges du type mélange d'acides gras saturés et insaturés tel que, de préférence, le mélange d'acides gras saturés en C8-C18 et d'acides gras insaturés en C18.As examples of poteyage products from natural oil useful in within the scope of the present invention, mixtures of the mixture type may be mentioned saturated and unsaturated fatty acids such as, preferably, the mixture of acids saturated C8-C18 fats and C18 unsaturated fatty acids.
Un tel mélange, obtenu par exemple par distillation d'acides gras de coprah, est vendu par la Société AMPERE INDUSTRIE sous la dénomination commerciale Moulnet.Such a mixture, obtained for example by distillation of coconut fatty acids, is sold by AMPERE INDUSTRIE under the name Moulnet commercial.
De manière tout aussi avantageuse comme exemples de produit de poteyage à base d'huiles et de cire de synthèse, utiles dans le cadre de la présente invention, on peut citer les mélanges du type mélanges d'huiles paraffiniques et de cire de synthèse. Just as advantageously as examples of poteyage product based on oils and synthetic wax, useful in the context of the present invention, mixtures of the oil mixture type may be mentioned paraffinic and synthetic wax.
Toutefois, lorsque la température de la pièce en aluminium est supérieure à 150 °C, nous avons trouvé que le produit de poteyage utile dans le cadre de la présente invention devait avantageusement comprendre un mélange du type mélange d'huiles paraffiniques et de cire de synthèse, associé de préférence à une charge solide. Comme exemple de charge solide, on peut citer un mélange de graphite et d'aluminium.However, when the temperature of the aluminum part is higher than 150 ° C, we found the poteyage product useful in the context of the present invention should advantageously comprise a mixture of the type mixture of paraffinic oils and synthetic wax, associated with preferably a solid filler. As an example of solid charge, we can cite a mixture of graphite and aluminum.
Lorsqu'elle est présente ladite charge solide est sous forme de poudre en suspension dans les mélanges du type huiles paraffiniques et cire de synthèse à raison de 2 % à 10 % en poids, de préférence 6 % en poids par rapport au poids total de la composition. Comme exemple d'une telle composition on peut citer le produit vendu par la Société AMPERE INDUSTRIE sous la dénomination commercial Antietam PW.When present, said solid filler is in the form of powder in suspension in mixtures of the paraffinic oil and wax type synthesis at a rate of 2% to 10% by weight, preferably 6% by weight per relative to the total weight of the composition. As an example of such composition we can cite the product sold by the company AMPERE INDUSTRY under the trade name Antietam PW.
Le procédé de la présente invention présente en outre les caractéristiques complémentaires et / ou alternatives suivantes :
- Ladite composition de marquage peut être mise en oeuvre par pulvérisation ou par dépose, à l'aide d'un système automatique ou manuel, de préférence à l'aide d'un rideau d'écoulement. Dans ce mode de réalisation préféré du procédé selon l'invention, on répartit le produit de poteyage sur la pièce chaude en aluminium de manière uniforme et en quantité suffisante.
- Said marking composition can be implemented by spraying or by depositing, using an automatic or manual system, preferably using a flow curtain. In this preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the coating product is distributed over the hot aluminum part uniformly and in sufficient quantity.
De manière générale pour effectuer un marquage de caractères alphanumériques sur une zone de 60 x 6 mm, les quantités de produit de poteyage mises en oeuvre sont de l'ordre de 0,5 g à 10 g.
- L'étape de marquage est réalisée par gravure à l'aide d'un système de percussion, ce qui rend l'automatisation plus aisée et le suivi plus simple.
- Ledit système de percussion est avantageusement un système micro-percutant comprenant une tête de marquage et un stylet à commande électromagnétique. Ainsi avec un débattement plus important l'espace entre la tête de marquage et la pièce chaude est augmenté ce qui a pour conséquence de minimiser le rayonnement de la pièce chaude sur le stylet.
- La tête de marquage est de préférence ventilée.
- Ledit stylet est dans un plan sensiblement horizontal.
- Le système de gravure est de préférence raccordé à un réseau informatique ce qui permet d'assurer une traçabilité parfaite de la pièce en aluminium et de procéder à des analyses de corrélation entre résultats qualité et paramètres du procédé.
- The marking step is carried out by etching using a percussion system, which makes automation easier and monitoring easier.
- Said percussion system is advantageously a micro-percussive system comprising a marking head and a stylus with electromagnetic control. Thus with a greater clearance the space between the marking head and the hot part is increased, which has the consequence of minimizing the radiation of the hot part on the stylus.
- The marking head is preferably ventilated.
- Said stylus is in a substantially horizontal plane.
- The engraving system is preferably connected to a computer network, which makes it possible to ensure perfect traceability of the aluminum part and to carry out correlation analyzes between quality results and process parameters.
La présente invention va maintenant être décrite de manière plus détaillée l'aide de l'exemple suivant donné à titre purement illustratif et non limitatif.The present invention will now be described in more detail. using the following example given purely by way of illustration and without limitation.
Marquage d'une pièce en aluminium à 400 °C.Marking of an aluminum part at 400 ° C.
Les dimensions de la pièce sont : 150 x 100 x 10 mm. The dimensions of the part are: 150 x 100 x 10 mm.
Le texte à marquer est le suivant : 11 caractères alphanumériques disposés sur deux lignes, la hauteur des caractères étant de 6 mm.The text to be marked is as follows: 11 alphanumeric characters arranged on two lines, the height of the characters being 6 mm.
On réalise le marquage de la pièce en sortie du moule en gravant cet ensemble de caractères alphanumériques à l'aide du système micro-percutant électromagnétique, vendu par la Société TECHNIFOR sous la dénomination commerciale CN210Sm, réalisant un marquage en points séparés.We mark the part at the exit of the mold by engraving this set of alphanumeric characters using the micro-percussive system electromagnetic, sold by TECHNIFOR under the trade name CN210Sm, performing dot marking separated.
La tête de marquage est montée dans une double enveloppe avec circulation d'air entre les deux parois.The marking head is mounted in a double envelope with circulation of air between the two walls.
Pour un marquage sur une zone de 60 x 6 mm, on dépose 5 g du produit de poteyage gras connu sous la dénomination commerciale Antietam PW, vendu par la société AMPERE INDUSTRIE.For a marking on an area of 60 x 6 mm, 5 g of the product are deposited. fatty soup known under the trade name Antietam PW, sold by AMPERE INDUSTRIE.
La pièce chaude est tenue verticalement pendant la dépose du produit de manière à créer un rideau d'écoulement sur la pièce.The hot part is held vertically during the removal of the so as to create a flow curtain on the room.
Le produit de poteyage fond et se répand sur la surface à marquer. Le marquage est réalisé après fusion des huiles et cires.The cleaning product melts and spreads over the surface to be marked. The marking is carried out after melting the oils and waxes.
Le temps de marquage de 11 caractères de 6 mm de hauteur est d'environ 12 secondes.The marking time for 11 characters 6 mm high is about 12 seconds.
La cadence est d'une pièce par minute. The rate is one piece per minute.
Résultats et avantages :
- On n'observe pas de collage de la pointe du stylet sur la pièce.
- Même en attendant 4 à 5 s., (temps d'évaporation du produit), les résultats de marquage sont satisfaisants.
- Un tel système permet d'obtenir des traits d'une profondeur suffisante de sorte que le marquage reste lisible après grenaillage, opération permettant de débarrasser la pièce de tout résidu.
- La pièce étant marquée au plus près de la sortie du moule on obtient une identification temporelle de la pièce permettant son suivi dans toutes les étapes de sa fabrication. Le système informatique archivant tous les paramètres du procédé de fabrication de la pièce, il est en conséquence possible de connaítre et de surveiller les paramètres influant sur les résultats obtenus.
- No sticking of the stylus tip is observed on the part.
- Even waiting 4 to 5 s. (Product evaporation time), the labeling results are satisfactory.
- Such a system makes it possible to obtain lines of sufficient depth so that the marking remains legible after shot blasting, an operation making it possible to rid the part of any residue.
- The part being marked as close as possible to the outlet of the mold, a temporal identification of the part is obtained allowing its follow-up in all the stages of its manufacture. The computer system archiving all the parameters of the manufacturing process of the part, it is therefore possible to know and monitor the parameters influencing the results obtained.
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9811442 | 1998-09-15 | ||
| FR9811442A FR2783182B1 (en) | 1998-09-15 | 1998-09-15 | METHOD OF HOT MARKING OF METAL PARTS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0987069A2 true EP0987069A2 (en) | 2000-03-22 |
| EP0987069A3 EP0987069A3 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
| EP0987069B1 EP0987069B1 (en) | 2004-07-21 |
Family
ID=9530404
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP99402111A Expired - Lifetime EP0987069B1 (en) | 1998-09-15 | 1999-08-25 | Hot marking process for metallic parts |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0987069B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE271430T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69918761T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2221334T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2783182B1 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4178260A (en) * | 1974-10-31 | 1979-12-11 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Ester based metal working lubricants |
| EP0075411A2 (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-03-30 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Metal working using lubricants containing basic alkali metal salts |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1248714A1 (en) * | 1984-10-31 | 1986-08-07 | Уфимский Ордена Ленина Авиационный Институт Им.Серго Орджоникидзе | Method of isothermal stamping of forgings from aluminium alloys |
| RU2068874C1 (en) * | 1994-04-18 | 1996-11-10 | Акционерное общество открытого типа "Всероссийский институт легких сплавов" | Lubricant for hot metal working by pressure |
-
1998
- 1998-09-15 FR FR9811442A patent/FR2783182B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-08-25 ES ES99402111T patent/ES2221334T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-25 EP EP99402111A patent/EP0987069B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-25 DE DE69918761T patent/DE69918761T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-25 AT AT99402111T patent/ATE271430T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4178260A (en) * | 1974-10-31 | 1979-12-11 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Ester based metal working lubricants |
| EP0075411A2 (en) * | 1981-09-21 | 1983-03-30 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Metal working using lubricants containing basic alkali metal salts |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 8713 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class H07, AN 87-092218 XP002104513 & SU 1 248 714 A (UFA AVIATION INST), 7 août 1986 (1986-08-07) * |
| DATABASE WPI Section Ch, Week 9731 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class A11, AN 97-340081 XP002104512 & RU 2 068 874 C (LIGHT ALLOYS INST STOCK CO), 10 novembre 1996 (1996-11-10) * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2221334T3 (en) | 2004-12-16 |
| DE69918761D1 (en) | 2004-08-26 |
| FR2783182A1 (en) | 2000-03-17 |
| EP0987069B1 (en) | 2004-07-21 |
| FR2783182B1 (en) | 2000-10-27 |
| DE69918761T2 (en) | 2005-07-21 |
| ATE271430T1 (en) | 2004-08-15 |
| EP0987069A3 (en) | 2003-01-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4008749A (en) | Method for low-pressure casting in a sand mould | |
| CA1239010A (en) | Metal casting | |
| CA2047700A1 (en) | Die-casting process, equipment, and product | |
| CA1129624A (en) | Process of shaping a metal alloy product | |
| DE69032853T2 (en) | INJECTION MOLDING METHOD AND DEVICE | |
| DE10305862B4 (en) | Casting device for metal products | |
| EP0987069B1 (en) | Hot marking process for metallic parts | |
| US5355933A (en) | Method of squeeze casting metal articles using melt-out metal core | |
| CN105081275B (en) | A kind of preparation method of classification pressurised liquid die forging aluminium alloy engine cylinder cap | |
| JPH09314301A (en) | Manufacture of light alloy wheel hub and the like | |
| US3990498A (en) | Method of continuous casting | |
| JP6568930B2 (en) | Casting tool and method for manufacturing piston for internal combustion engine | |
| CN101808762B (en) | Method for manufacturing hollow forged part and forged part obtained thereby | |
| JP2010089140A (en) | Die-casting method | |
| GB2035165A (en) | Casting in gas permeable moulds | |
| DE68903103T2 (en) | METHOD FOR FULL MOLDING METALLIC OBJECTS UNDER PRESSURE. | |
| JP4427439B2 (en) | Manufacturing method for hollow forging steel and cylindrical forging | |
| DE10153306B4 (en) | Method for pouring an insert | |
| RU2176174C1 (en) | Method of casting with crystallization under pressure | |
| US3357228A (en) | Method and means for making metal forgings | |
| JPH09220655A (en) | Production of light alloy-made wheel hub kind | |
| FR2654660A1 (en) | Liquid forging method | |
| CN111644597B (en) | Casting blank for ring-shaped part and method for manufacturing casting blank | |
| EP0315532A1 (en) | Process for lubricating the surface of metallic pieces made of copper and iron or copper alloys in cold or hot deforming operations, and means for using this lubrication | |
| DE8196C (en) | Process for the production of cartridge cases from zinc and zinc alloys |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
| PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK RO SI |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20030217 |
|
| AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040721 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040721 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040721 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040721 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20040721 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20040721 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040825 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: FRENCH |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 69918761 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20040826 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040831 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040831 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040831 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040831 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20041021 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20041021 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20041021 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2221334 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
| NLV1 | Nl: lapsed or annulled due to failure to fulfill the requirements of art. 29p and 29m of the patents act | ||
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: AUTOMOBILES CITROEN Effective date: 20040831 Owner name: AUTOMOBILES PEUGEOT Effective date: 20040831 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20050422 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 746 Effective date: 20070118 |
|
| BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: AUTOMOBILES *CITROEN Effective date: 20040831 Owner name: AUTOMOBILES *PEUGEOT Effective date: 20040831 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20041221 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20080818 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20080901 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20080812 Year of fee payment: 10 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20080828 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20080729 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20090825 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20100430 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090831 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20100302 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20090826 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090825 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090825 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20090826 |