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EP0945193A1 - Method of manufacturing a hollow body from a tube by internal high-pressure forming - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a hollow body from a tube by internal high-pressure forming Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0945193A1
EP0945193A1 EP99103838A EP99103838A EP0945193A1 EP 0945193 A1 EP0945193 A1 EP 0945193A1 EP 99103838 A EP99103838 A EP 99103838A EP 99103838 A EP99103838 A EP 99103838A EP 0945193 A1 EP0945193 A1 EP 0945193A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blank
hollow body
fold
walls
internal high
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99103838A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Arndt Birkert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP0945193A1 publication Critical patent/EP0945193A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/033Deforming tubular bodies

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for producing a Hollow body from a tubular blank by hydroforming (IHU) according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pipe circumference of the pipe to be inserted is usually the corresponds to the smallest finished part size
  • the possible Component cross sections can only be varied within narrow limits.
  • a component can be manufactured, the circumference of which is the smallest Place 100 mm and at the largest place 150 mm in the finished state is usually a blank with a Circumference of 100 mm used. But this means that the areas with the large circumference, for example need to be expanded by about 50%. This is with usual metallic materials not easily possible.
  • the object of the invention is that of the generic type Process to improve that finished parts with larger (e.g. with more than 15%) differences in diameter or circumference between the largest and smallest diameters with today's usual metallic materials without further ado by internal high pressure forming can be produced.
  • lockable IHU tool should be a round Blank 3 is formed into a box-shaped finished part 4 be, the cross section in the finished state at different Longitudinal positions have different circumferential lengths.
  • the cross section of the blank according to the invention first one different along its length deep bump 5 molded in.
  • a U-shaped protruding into the interior of the hollow body Fold 5 is formed, the walls 7 directly on top of each other lie and on the periphery in the peripheral wall 8 of the Pass over the hollow body.
  • the preforming of the Blanks by denting or buckling the wall of the blank automatically by the IHU mold during its closing movement is carried out as the sequence of Figures 1 to 3 shows. If necessary, the preforming of the blank can be dented or buckling of the blank wall at several peripheral points of the blank.
  • the mere coexistence may Wrinkle walls 7 sufficient in terms of component stability be, especially if this occurs during component stress not be spread or not related to each other move.
  • the two walls 7 of the fold can be together can be permanently connected, for example be glued together over the entire surface.
  • the glue could already applied in the blank state.
  • a practical one The way to stabilize the crease on the outside is that both walls of the fold in the area of the hollow body circumference permanently welded together (weld 9 in FIG 5a).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A blank is pre-formed, and a bulge of varying depth is formed in it. During internal high pressure forming of this, the bulge is formed into a U-shaped fold (6). The fold projects into the hollow body (4) formed from the blank, with a circumference, which varies considerably over its length. The walls (7) of the fold engage on each other and merge into the outside wall (8) of the hollow body at the periphery. The fold walls are welded together.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Hohlkörpers aus einem rohrförmigen Rohling durch Innenhochdruckumformung (IHU) nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention is based on a method for producing a Hollow body from a tubular blank by hydroforming (IHU) according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bisher werden - runde oder rechteckige - Rohrstücke als Rohling für einen IHU-Prozeß erforderlichenfalls gezielt in Abhängigkeit vom Werkstück vorgeformt, wobei das Vorformen in einem separaten Vorformwerkzeug oder in dem IHU-Werkzeug erfolgen kann. Hierbei sind jedoch lediglich Lösungen bekannt, bei denen der kleinste Fertigteilumfang dem Umfang des einzulegenden Rohlings entspricht, d.h. daß die Dimensionierung des Rohlings nach dem kleinsten Umfang des Fertigteiles erfolgt.So far - round or rectangular - pipe pieces as a blank for an IHU process, if necessary, depending on it preformed from the workpiece, the preforming in a separate Preforming tool or in the IHU tool can be done. However, only solutions are known in which the smallest finished part circumference the circumference of the blank to be inserted corresponds, i.e. that the dimensioning of the blank after smallest extent of the finished part.

Eine Ausnahme bildet das Abquetschen von Rohrbereichen beim Schließen des IHU-Werkzeuges. Dabei bildet sich an der Außenseite des Rohres eine Schlinge mit doppelter Wandungsdicke des Rohmaterials. Als problematisch erweist sich hierbei der Platzbedarf der Schlinge. Das Abtrennen der Schlinge würde einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsgang bedeuten; außerdem würde dadurch die Torsionssteifigkeit des Fertigbauteils beeinträchtigt.An exception is the squeezing of pipe areas during Closing the IHU tool. This forms on the outside a loop of double the wall thickness of the pipe Raw material. The space requirement proves to be problematic here the noose. Disconnecting the noose would be an additional Mean operation; it would also make the Torsional rigidity of the prefabricated component is impaired.

Da der Rohrumfang des einzulegenden Rohres in der Regel dem kleinsten Fertigteilumfang entspricht, können die möglichen Bauteilquerschnitte nur in engen Grenzen variiert werden. Soll z.B. ein Bauteil gefertigt werden, dessen Umfang an der kleinsten Stelle 100 mm und an der größten Stelle 150 mm im Fertigzustand beträgt, so wird üblicherweise ein Rohling mit einem Umfang von 100 mm eingesetzt. Dies bedeutet aber, daß die Bereiche mit dem großem Umfang in Umfangsrichtung beispielsweise um etwa 50 % aufgeweitet werden müssen. Dies ist mit üblichen metallischen Werkstoffen nicht ohne weiteres möglich. Stand man bisher vor der Notwendigkeit, IHU-Teile mit größeren Durchmesserunterschieden herstellen zu müssen, so gab es zum einen nur die Möglichkeit, in mehreren Umformstufen umzuformen und den Werkstoff durch Zwischenglühen in seinem Umformvermögen zu regenerieren, was vom Investitionsvolumen, vom Platzbedarf und von den Betriebskosten her sehr aufwendig ist. Eine Alternative dazu wäre die Verwendung von mehrteilig zusammengesetzten Rohlingen (sog. taylored tubes), die aus größenunterschiedlichen Rohrabschnitten und Übergangskonen zusammengeschweiß sind, was eine aufwendige und kostspielige Fertigung der Rohlinge voraussetzt.Since the pipe circumference of the pipe to be inserted is usually the corresponds to the smallest finished part size, the possible Component cross sections can only be varied within narrow limits. Should e.g. a component can be manufactured, the circumference of which is the smallest Place 100 mm and at the largest place 150 mm in the finished state is usually a blank with a Circumference of 100 mm used. But this means that the areas with the large circumference, for example need to be expanded by about 50%. This is with usual metallic materials not easily possible. Stand one previously faced the need for hydroforming parts with larger diameter differences For one thing, there was only one thing to do the possibility of forming in several forming stages and the To regenerate the material in its formability through intermediate annealing, what about the investment volume, the space requirement and is very expensive in terms of operating costs. An alternative this would involve the use of blanks composed of several parts (so-called taylored tubes), which are of different sizes Pipe sections and transition cones are welded together what requires complex and costly production of the blanks.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, das gattungsgemäß zugrundegelegte Verfahren dahingehend zu verbessern, daß Fertigteile mit größeren (z.B. mit mehr als 15 %) Durchmesser- oder Umfangsunterschieden zwischen Größt- und Kleinstdurchmesser mit den heute üblichen metallischen Werkstoffen ohne weiteres durch Innenhochdruckumformung hergestellt werden können.The object of the invention is that of the generic type Process to improve that finished parts with larger (e.g. with more than 15%) differences in diameter or circumference between the largest and smallest diameters with today's usual metallic materials without further ado by internal high pressure forming can be produced.

Diese Aufgabe wird - ausgehend von dem gattungsgemäß zugrundegelegten Verfahren - erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Danach wird beim Vorformen des Rohlings in diesen eine über seine Länge hinweg unterschiedlich tiefe Beule eingeformt, aus der beim eigentlichen IHU-Prozeß eine in das innere des Hohlkörpers hinneinragende, U-förmige Falte gebildet wird, deren Wandungen unmittelbar aufeinander liegen und an der Peripherie in die Umfangswandung des Hohlkörpers übergehen. Es kann dadurch ein im Umfang größer als der Kleinstumfang oder Kleinstdurchmesser des Fertigteiles bemessener Rohling eingesetzt werden. Aufgrund der nach innen gerichteten und somit nicht störenden Falte kann Umfangsmaterial "verbraucht" und somit der Durchmesser bzw. der Umfang des Rohling örtlich gezielt reduziert werden. Aufgrund dessen kann mit größeren Rohlingen gearbeitet werden, deren Umfangslänge oder Durchmesser zwischen dem Größt- und dem Kleinstdurchmesser des Fertigteiles liegt. Dadurch kann die in Bereichen eines großen Fertigteil-Umfanges erforderliche Umfangsdehnung des Werkstoffes in erträglichen Grenzen gehalten werden. Das mit üblichen, einfachen Rohlingen herstellbare Bauteilspektrum wird dank der Erfindung beträchtlich erweitert.This task is - starting from the generic one Process - according to the invention by the characteristic Features of claim 1 solved. After that, when preforming the Blanks in this one vary along its length deep bump molded in from the actual IHU process a U-shaped protruding into the interior of the hollow body Fold is formed, the walls of which are directly adjacent to each other lie and on the periphery in the peripheral wall of the hollow body pass over. This can make it larger in scope than that Smallest size or smallest diameter of the finished part Blank can be used. Because of the inward facing and thus non-distracting fold can be peripheral material "used up" and thus the diameter or the circumference of the blank locally reduced. Because of this, with larger blanks are worked, their circumferential length or Diameter between the largest and the smallest diameter of the Finished part. This can help in areas of a large Finished part circumference required circumferential expansion of the material be kept within tolerable limits. The usual, simple range of components that can be produced thanks to the Invention expanded considerably.

Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung können den Unteransprüchen entnommen werden; im übrigen ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles nachfolgend noch erläutert; dabei zeigen:

Fig. 1
den Querschnitt eines geöffnetes Innenhochdruckumform-Werkzeugs mit einem darin eingelegten Rohling aus einem Rondrohr,
Fig. 2
das Werkzeug nach Figur 1 in teil-geschlossenen Zustand, wobei der Rohling gezielt teilverformt ist,
Fig. 3
das Werkzeug nach Figur 1 in ganz geschlossenen Zustand, wobei der Rohling gezielt mit Längsbeulen versehen ist,
Fig. 4
das Werkzeug nach Figur 3 im hochdruck-beaufschlagten Zustand, wobei der Rohling konturtreu in die Gravur des Formgebungswerkzeuges eingeformt und eine U-förmige Falte im Innern des Werkstückes ausgebildet ist und
Fig. 5a, 5b und 5c
eine Folge von Querschnitten durch die Wandung des fertigen IHU-Teiles durch die Wandung mit der Falte an unterschiedlichen Längspositionen.
Expedient embodiments of the invention can be found in the subclaims; otherwise, the invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing; show:
Fig. 1
the cross section of an opened hydroforming tool with an inserted blank from a round tube,
Fig. 2
1 in the partially closed state, the blank being deliberately partially deformed,
Fig. 3
1 in the completely closed state, the blank being deliberately provided with longitudinal bumps,
Fig. 4
the tool of Figure 3 in the high-pressure state, wherein the blank is contour-shaped in the engraving of the shaping tool and a U-shaped fold is formed in the interior of the workpiece and
5a, 5b and 5c
a sequence of cross-sections through the wall of the finished hydroforming part through the wall with the fold at different longitudinal positions.

Durch das in den Figuren dargestellte, in Ober- und Unterwerkzeug 1 bzw. 2 geteilte, schließbare IHU-Werkzeug soll ein runder Rohling 3 zu einem kastenförmigen Fertigteil 4 umgeformt werden, dessen Querschnitt im Fertigzustand an unterschiedlichen Längspositionen unterschiedliche Umfangslängen aufweist.Through the upper and lower tools shown in the figures 1 or 2 split, lockable IHU tool should be a round Blank 3 is formed into a box-shaped finished part 4 be, the cross section in the finished state at different Longitudinal positions have different circumferential lengths.

Zu diesem Zweck wird in den Querschnitt des Rohlings erfindungsgemäß zunächst eine über seine Länge hinweg unterschiedlich tiefe Beule 5 eingeformt. Beim Innenhochdruckumformen des vorgeformten Rohlings zu einem Hohlkörper 4 wird aus der Beule eine in das Innere des Hohlkörpers hinneinragende, U-förmige Falte 5 gebildet wird, deren Wandungen 7 unmittelbar aufeinander liegen und an der Peripherie in die Umfangswandung 8 des Hohlkörpers übergehen.For this purpose, the cross section of the blank according to the invention first one different along its length deep bump 5 molded in. When hydroforming the preformed blank to a hollow body 4 is from the bump a U-shaped protruding into the interior of the hollow body Fold 5 is formed, the walls 7 directly on top of each other lie and on the periphery in the peripheral wall 8 of the Pass over the hollow body.

Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wird das Vorformen des Rohlings durch Einbeulen oder Einknicken der Rohlingwandung selbsttätig durch das IHU-Formwerkzeug bei dessen Schließbewegung durchgeführt wird, wie die Folge der Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigt. Bedarfsweise kann das Vorformen des Rohlings durch Einbeulen oder Einknicken der Rohlingwandung an mehreren Umfangsstellen des Rohlings durchgeführt werden.In the illustrated embodiment, the preforming of the Blanks by denting or buckling the wall of the blank automatically by the IHU mold during its closing movement is carried out as the sequence of Figures 1 to 3 shows. If necessary, the preforming of the blank can be dented or buckling of the blank wall at several peripheral points of the blank.

In manchen Anwendungsfällen mag das bloße Aneinaderliegen der Falten-Wandungen 7 hinsichtlich der Bauteilstabilität ausreichend sein, insbesondere dann, wenn diese bei der Bauteilbeanspruchung nicht gespreizt werden oder sich nicht zueinander verschieben. Sollte dies jedoch bei der Bauteilbeanspruch doch der Fall sein, so können die beiden Wandungen 7 der Falte miteinander dauerhaft verbunden werden, beispielsweise können diese vollflächig miteinander verklebt werden. Der Kleber könnte bereits im Rohlingzustand aufgetragen werden. Eine zweckmäßige Art, die Falte außenseitig zu stabilisieren besteht darin, die beiden Wandungen der Falte im Bereich des Hohlkörperumfangs dauerhaft miteinander zu verschweißen (Schweißung 9 in Figur 5a).In some applications, the mere coexistence may Wrinkle walls 7 sufficient in terms of component stability be, especially if this occurs during component stress not be spread or not related to each other move. However, this should be the case with component stress the case, the two walls 7 of the fold can be together can be permanently connected, for example be glued together over the entire surface. The glue could already applied in the blank state. A practical one The way to stabilize the crease on the outside is that both walls of the fold in the area of the hollow body circumference permanently welded together (weld 9 in FIG 5a).

Die Figurenfolge 5a, 5b und 5c soll gemeinsam mit dem in Figur 4 innerhalb des IHU-Werkzeuges befindlichen Fertigteiles veranschaulichen, wie die Falte 6 mit zunehmender Breite B des Fertigteiles 4 bezüglich ihrer in das Bauteilinnere hineinragenden Länge L kürzer wird.The sequence of figures 5a, 5b and 5c is intended together with that in FIG 4 illustrate the finished part located within the IHU tool, like the fold 6 with increasing width B of the finished part 4 with respect to their protruding into the interior of the component Length L becomes shorter.

Claims (5)

Verfahren zum Formen eines Hohlkörpers aus einem rohrförmigen, in ein öffen- und schließbares Formgebungswerkzeug eingelegten Rohling durch in das Innere des Rohlings eingeleiteten Innenhochdruck, wobei der Rohling vor der Innenhochdruckumformung aus einer standardisierten Anlieferungs-Querschnittsform werkstückentsprechend im Querschnitt verändert und vorgeformt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Vorformen des Rohlings (3) in diesen eine über seine Länge hinweg unterschiedlich tiefe Beule (5) eingeformt wird, aus der beim Innenhochdruckumformen des vorgeformten Rohlings (3) zu einem Hohlkörper (4) mit über die Länge hinweg stark unterschiedlichen Umfang eine in das innere des Hohlkörpers hinneinragende, U-förmige Falte (6) gebildet wird, deren Wandungen (7) unmittelbar aufeinander liegen und an der Peripherie in die Umfangswandung (8) des Hohlkörpers (3) übergehen.
Method for forming a hollow body from a tubular blank inserted into an openable and closable shaping tool by means of internal high pressure introduced into the interior of the blank, the cross section of the blank being modified and preformed accordingly from a standardized delivery cross-sectional shape prior to the internal high pressure forming,
characterized in that for preforming the blank (3) a bump (5) of different depth over its length is formed, from which during the internal high pressure forming of the preformed blank (3) into a hollow body (4) with widely different lengths A U-shaped fold (6) protruding into the interior of the hollow body is formed, the walls (7) of which lie directly on top of one another and merge into the peripheral wall (8) of the hollow body (3) on the periphery.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Wandungen (7) der Falte (6) miteinander dauerhaft verbunden werden.
Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the two walls (7) of the fold (6) are permanently connected to one another.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Wandungen (7) der Falte (6) im Bereich des Hohlkörperumfangs dauerhaft miteinander verschweißt werden (Schweißung 9).
Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the two walls (7) of the fold (6) are permanently welded to one another in the region of the hollow body circumference (weld 9).
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Vorformen des Rohlings (3) durch Einbeulen (5) oder Einknicken der Rohlingwandung selbsttätig durch das IHU-Formwerkzeug (1, 2) bei dessen Schließbewegung durchgeführt wird.
Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the preforming of the blank (3) by denting (5) or kinking the blank wall is carried out automatically by the hydroforming mold (1, 2) during its closing movement.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Vorformen des Rohlings (3) durch Einbeulen (5) oder Einknicken der Rohlingwandung an mehreren Umfangsstellen des Rohlings (3) durchgeführt wird.
Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the preforming of the blank (3) is carried out by denting (5) or kinking the blank wall at several circumferential locations of the blank (3).
EP99103838A 1998-03-25 1999-02-27 Method of manufacturing a hollow body from a tube by internal high-pressure forming Withdrawn EP0945193A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813012A DE19813012C2 (en) 1998-03-25 1998-03-25 Process for producing a hollow body from a tubular blank by hydroforming
DE19813012 1998-03-25

Publications (1)

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EP0945193A1 true EP0945193A1 (en) 1999-09-29

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EP99103838A Withdrawn EP0945193A1 (en) 1998-03-25 1999-02-27 Method of manufacturing a hollow body from a tube by internal high-pressure forming

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US (1) US6112567A (en)
EP (1) EP0945193A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2266529A1 (en)
DE (1) DE19813012C2 (en)

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ATE375218T1 (en) * 2001-10-17 2007-10-15 Corus Staal Bv METHOD FOR MAKING A CONTAINER FOR A PRESSURIZED FLUID, AND SUCH CONTAINER
US6739166B1 (en) * 2002-12-17 2004-05-25 General Motors Corporation Method of forming tubular member with flange
DE10323738B3 (en) * 2003-05-24 2004-11-18 Daimlerchrysler Ag Manufacturing closed hollow profile involves cutting semi-finished product ends to form angled ends before squeezing; contour, angle are selected so ends form essentially flat shape after squeezing
DE10343135B4 (en) * 2003-09-18 2006-02-02 Daimlerchrysler Ag Method for producing a circumferentially closed hollow profile
DE102007002364B3 (en) * 2007-01-16 2008-08-21 Audi Ag Semi-finished product e.g. aluminum profile, designing method, involves forming variant in such manner that product is limited in its mobility in translatory degrees of freedom by high pressure reforming process tool, based on variant
DE102011051965A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Method for producing a tubular structural component for a motor vehicle and structural component
US11122741B2 (en) * 2018-01-30 2021-09-21 Cnh Industrial America Llc Stalk roller assembly for an agricultural system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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US6112567A (en) 2000-09-05
CA2266529A1 (en) 1999-09-25
DE19813012A1 (en) 1999-10-07
DE19813012C2 (en) 2002-08-01

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