EP0838289B1 - Method for producing of massive magnet bodies - Google Patents
Method for producing of massive magnet bodies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0838289B1 EP0838289B1 EP97117634A EP97117634A EP0838289B1 EP 0838289 B1 EP0838289 B1 EP 0838289B1 EP 97117634 A EP97117634 A EP 97117634A EP 97117634 A EP97117634 A EP 97117634A EP 0838289 B1 EP0838289 B1 EP 0838289B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- die
- alloy
- magnet bodies
- hydrogen
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/147—Alloys characterised by their composition
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing massive Magnetic body made of materials with soft magnetic Properties using the die casting process.
- the method is applicable for the production of soft magnetic Magnetic bodies for relays, transformers, solenoid valves, actuators and other electromagnetic products.
- the invention is based on the object of a method create with the massive magnetic body made of materials soft magnetic properties using the Die casting process can be produced efficiently.
- the process is characterized in that An alloy is used as the starting material Alloy components of the soft magnetic material and additionally one or more of the melting point depressants Elements consist of boron, carbon and phosphorus.
- the added additional elements in such an amount that the Melting point of the soft magnetic material to a Temperature ⁇ 1400 ° C, preferably ⁇ 1300 ° C is lowered.
- the die-cast from this alloy Magnetic bodies are then retrofitted using a Heat treatment in a reactive atmosphere the additional Elements at least partially removed.
- the die-cast magnetic body can be used for the heat treatment
- Hydrogen can be used as a reactive atmosphere. It is it is advantageous if the hydrogen atmosphere during the Heat treatment of the die-cast magnetic body continuously or is discontinuously renewed by rinsing.
- the die-cast magnetic body initially in damp hydrogen a temperature between 850 and 1000 ° C and then in dry hydrogen at a temperature between 1000 and 1250 ° C heat treated.
- the die-cast magnetic body at a temperature in the range of 870 to 950 ° C for a period of 2 to 16 hours in moist Hydrogen and finally at a temperature in the range from 1050 to 1120 ° C for a minimum of Heat treated in dry hydrogen for 1.5 hours.
- the conditions are created to high quality soft magnetic alloys effective in Die casting process to process massive magnetic bodies.
- At the Casting does not create any disruptive pores in the material. It can reusable molds are used and the The temperature of the casting melt can be lowered to such an extent that the Die casting tools have a sufficiently long service life.
- the invention is based on exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.
- Boron is added to a soft magnetic Fe 85 Si 15 alloy, which has a melting point of 1420 ° C., in such an amount that an Fe 77.5 Si 13.5 B 9 alloy is formed, the melting point of which is only 1160 ° C lies.
- Rings with an outer ring diameter of 20 mm and a material thickness of 2 x 2 mm are cast from this alloy.
- a measurement of the coercive field strength results in an H C value of> 1200 A / m.
- These rings are then subjected to heat treatment in moist hydrogen at 1000 ° C. for 8 hours and then to heat treatment in dry hydrogen at 1100 ° C. for 8 hours.
- the heat treatment reduces the boron content in the rings to ⁇ 0.1% and approximately the original Fe 85 Si 15 alloy with a coercive field strength H C of ⁇ 100 A / m is formed.
- the rings thus produced can be used as ring cores for transformers be used.
- the rods thus produced can be used as cores for relays be used.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
- Magnetic Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung massiver Magnetkörper aus Werkstoffen mit weichmagnetischen Eigenschaften unter Anwendung des Druckgußverfahrens. Das Verfahren ist anwendbar zur Herstellung weichmagnetischer Magnetkörpern für Relais, Übertrager, Magnetventile, Aktoren und andere elektromagnetische Produkte.The invention relates to a method for producing massive Magnetic body made of materials with soft magnetic Properties using the die casting process. The The method is applicable for the production of soft magnetic Magnetic bodies for relays, transformers, solenoid valves, actuators and other electromagnetic products.
Es ist bereits bekannt, massive weichmagnetische Magnetkörper auf pulvermetallurgischem Wege herzustellen. Dabei ist es aber sehr aufwendig und vielfach nicht möglich, Poren in den Fertigteilen zu vermeiden. Durch Poren, die Ursache für die sogenannte innere Scherung sind, werden die weichmagnetischen Eigenschaften hochwertiger Werkstoffe stark verschlechtert. Damit sind die pulvermetallurgischen Verfahren nur bedingt für die Fertigung massiver weichmagnetischer Magnetkörper geeignet.It is already known to have massive soft magnetic magnetic bodies to manufacture by powder metallurgy. But it is very complex and often not possible, pores in the Avoid finished parts. Through pores, the cause of that are so-called internal shear, the soft magnetic Properties of high-quality materials deteriorated significantly. This means that the powder metallurgical processes are only conditionally for the production of solid soft magnetic magnetic bodies is suitable.
Bekannt ist es auch, massive weichmagnetische Magnetkörper für elektrische Maschinen im Feingußverfahren herzustellen (DD 108 628). Hierbei muß für jedes einzelne Gießteil eine Form hergestellt werden, die nach dem Guß aufwendig und unter Einsatz von aggressiven Hilfsstoffen vom Gießteil entfernt werden muß, wodurch Abfall erzeugt wird. Damit ist das Feingußverfahren für eine Massenfertigung unwirtschaftlich.It is also known for massive soft magnetic magnetic bodies for Manufacture electrical machines in the investment casting process (DD 108 628). Here, a mold must be made for each individual casting are produced, which after the casting is complex and under Use of aggressive additives removed from the casting must be created, thereby generating waste. That’s it Investment casting process uneconomical for mass production.
Es ist auch bereits bekannt, massive weichmagnetische Magnetkörper für elektrische Maschinen im Druckgußverfahren herzustellen (DD 126 155). Das Druckgußverfahren, das prinzipiell eine hohe Produktivität ermöglicht, konnte sich jedoch bisher in der Praxis für die Herstellung massiver weichmagnetischer Magnetkörper nicht durchsetzen, da infolge des hohen Schmelzpunktes der klassischen weichmagnetischen Legierungen die Druckgußwerkzeuge eine sehr niedrige Standzeit haben und die Fertigung damit unwirtschaftlich ist. Eine Veränderung der Legierungszusammensetzung ist wegen der damit verbundenen Verschlechterung der magnetischen Eigenschaften nicht möglich.It is also already known to be massive soft magnetic Magnetic body for electrical machines in the die casting process to produce (DD 126 155). The die casting process, the In principle, high productivity was possible however so far in practice for the production of massive Do not enforce the soft magnetic magnet body, as a result the high melting point of the classic soft magnetic Alloys die-casting tools have a very short service life have and the production is therefore uneconomical. A Change in the alloy composition is because of this associated deterioration in magnetic properties not possible.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu schaffen, mit dem massive Magnetkörper aus Werkstoffen mit weichmagnetischen Eigenschaften unter Anwendung des Druckgußverfahrens rationell hergestellt werden können.The invention is based on the object of a method create with the massive magnetic body made of materials soft magnetic properties using the Die casting process can be produced efficiently.
Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung mit dem in den Patentansprüchen beschriebenen Herstellungsverfahren gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention in the Solved manufacturing process described claims.
Das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als Ausgangswerkstoff eine Legierung verwendet, die aus den Legierungsbestandteilen des weichmagnetischen Werkstoffs und zusätzlich einem oder mehreren der schmelzpunkterniedrigenden Elemente Bor, Kohlenstoff und Phosphor besteht. Dabei sind die zusätzlichen Elemente in einer solchen Menge zugesetzt, daß der Schmelzpunkt des weichmagnetischen Werkstoffs auf eine Temperatur < 1400 °C, vorzugsweise < 1300 °C abgesenkt wird. Den aus dieser Legierung im Druckgußverfahren erzeugten Magnetkörpern werden dann nachträglich mittels einer Wärmebehandlung in einer reaktiven Atmosphäre die zusätzlichen Elemente zumindest teilweise wieder entzogen.The process is characterized in that An alloy is used as the starting material Alloy components of the soft magnetic material and additionally one or more of the melting point depressants Elements consist of boron, carbon and phosphorus. Here are the added additional elements in such an amount that the Melting point of the soft magnetic material to a Temperature <1400 ° C, preferably <1300 ° C is lowered. The die-cast from this alloy Magnetic bodies are then retrofitted using a Heat treatment in a reactive atmosphere the additional Elements at least partially removed.
Für die Wärmebehandlung der Druckguß-Magnetkörper kann Wasserstoff als reaktive Atmosphäre verwendet werden. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Wasserstoffatmosphäre während der Wärmebehandlung der Druckguß-Magnetkörper kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich durch Spülen erneuert wird.The die-cast magnetic body can be used for the heat treatment Hydrogen can be used as a reactive atmosphere. It is it is advantageous if the hydrogen atmosphere during the Heat treatment of the die-cast magnetic body continuously or is discontinuously renewed by rinsing.
Gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens werden die Druckguß-Magnetkörper zunächst in feuchtem Wasserstoff bei einer Temperatur zwischen 850 und 1000 °C und anschließend in trockenem Wasserstoff bei einer Temperatur zwischen 1000 und 1250 °C wärmebehandelt. Hierbei sollten die Druckguß-Magnetkörper bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 870 bis 950 °C während einer Dauer von 2 bis 16 Stunden in feuchtem Wasserstoff und abschließend bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 1050 bis 1120 °C während einer Dauer von mindestens 1,5 Stunden in trockenem Wasserstoff wärmebehandelt werden.According to an expedient embodiment of the method the die-cast magnetic body initially in damp hydrogen a temperature between 850 and 1000 ° C and then in dry hydrogen at a temperature between 1000 and 1250 ° C heat treated. Here, the die-cast magnetic body at a temperature in the range of 870 to 950 ° C for a period of 2 to 16 hours in moist Hydrogen and finally at a temperature in the range from 1050 to 1120 ° C for a minimum of Heat treated in dry hydrogen for 1.5 hours.
Mit der Erfindung werden die Voraussetzungen geschaffen, um hochwertige weichmagnetische Legierungen effektiv im Druckgußverfahren zu massiven Magnetkörper zu verarbeiten. Beim Gießen entstehen keine störenden Poren im Werkstoff. Es können wiederverwendbare Gießformen eingesetzt werden und die Temperatur der Gießschmelze läßt sich soweit absenken, daß die Druckgußwerkzeuge eine hinreichen lange Standzeit haben.With the invention, the conditions are created to high quality soft magnetic alloys effective in Die casting process to process massive magnetic bodies. At the Casting does not create any disruptive pores in the material. It can reusable molds are used and the The temperature of the casting melt can be lowered to such an extent that the Die casting tools have a sufficiently long service life.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung an Hand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The invention is based on exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.
Zu einer weichmagnetischen Fe85Si15-Legierung, die einen Schmelzpunkt von 1420 °C besitzt, wird Bor in einer solchen Menge zulegiert, daß eine Fe77,5Si13,5B9-Legierung entsteht, deren Schmelzpunkt bei nur noch 1160 °C liegt.Boron is added to a soft magnetic Fe 85 Si 15 alloy, which has a melting point of 1420 ° C., in such an amount that an Fe 77.5 Si 13.5 B 9 alloy is formed, the melting point of which is only 1160 ° C lies.
Aus dieser Legierung werden im Druckgußverfahren Ringe mit
einem äußeren Ringdurchmesser von 20 mm und einer Materialdicke
von 2 x 2 mm gegossen. Eine Messung der Koerzitivfeldstärke
ergibt einen HC-Wert von > 1200 A/m.
Diese Ringe werden anschließend bei 1000 °C während einer Dauer
von 8 h einer Wärmebehandlung in feuchtem Wasserstoff und
anschließend bei 1100 °C während einer Dauer von 8 h einer
Wärmebehandlung in trockenem Wasserstoff unterworfen. Durch die
Wärmebehandlungen wird der Borgehalt in den Ringen auf < 0,1 %
verringert und es entsteht annähernd die ursprüngliche
Fe85Si15-Legierung mit einer Koerzitivfeldstärke HC von
< 100 A/m.Rings with an outer ring diameter of 20 mm and a material thickness of 2 x 2 mm are cast from this alloy. A measurement of the coercive field strength results in an H C value of> 1200 A / m.
These rings are then subjected to heat treatment in moist hydrogen at 1000 ° C. for 8 hours and then to heat treatment in dry hydrogen at 1100 ° C. for 8 hours. The heat treatment reduces the boron content in the rings to <0.1% and approximately the original Fe 85 Si 15 alloy with a coercive field strength H C of <100 A / m is formed.
Die so hergestellten Ringe können als Ringkerne für Übertrager eingesetzt werden.The rings thus produced can be used as ring cores for transformers be used.
Zu einer weichmagnetischen Fe49Co49V2-Legierung, die einen Schmelzpunkt von 1480 °C besitzt, wird Bor mit einem Massenanteil von 4,5 % zulegiert. Der Schmelzpunkt dieser Legierung liegt unterhalb 1100 °C. Aus dieser Legierung werden im Druckgußverfahren 25 mm lange und 2 mm dicke Stäbe gegossen. Eine Messung der Koerzitivfeldstärke ergibt einen HC-Wert von > 1600 A/m.Boron with a mass fraction of 4.5% is alloyed into a soft magnetic Fe 49 Co 49 V 2 alloy, which has a melting point of 1480 ° C. The melting point of this alloy is below 1100 ° C. 25 mm long and 2 mm thick rods are cast from this alloy using the die casting process. A measurement of the coercive field strength results in an H C value of> 1600 A / m.
Diese Stäbe werden anschließend bei 1000 °C während einer Dauer von 8 h einer Wärmebehandlung in feuchtem Wasserstoff und anschließend bei 1080 °C während einer Dauer von 8 h einer Wärmebehandlung in trockenem Wasserstoff unterworfen. Durch die Wärmebehandlungen wird der Borgehalt in den Stäben auf < 0,1 % verringert und es entsteht annähernd die ursprüngliche Fe49Co49V2-Legierung mit einer Koerzitivfeldstärke HC von < 200 A/m.These bars are then subjected to heat treatment in moist hydrogen at 1000 ° C. for 8 hours and then to heat treatment in dry hydrogen at 1080 ° C. for 8 hours. The heat treatment reduces the boron content in the rods to <0.1% and approximately the original Fe 49 Co 49 V 2 alloy with a coercive field strength H C of <200 A / m is formed.
Die so hergestellten Stäbe können als Kerne für Relais eingesetzt werden.The rods thus produced can be used as cores for relays be used.
Claims (5)
- Process for producing solid magnet bodies from materials with soft-magnetic properties using the pressure die-casting process, in which the starting material used is an alloy which consists of the alloying constituents of the soft-magnetic material and additionally one or more of the elements boron, carbon and phosphorus which reduce the melting point, the additional elements being added in a quantity which is such that the melting point of the soft-magnetic material is reduced to a temperature of < 1400°C, preferably < 1300°C, and that the additional elements are subsequently at least partially removed again from the magnet bodies produced from this alloy in the pressure die-casting process by means of a heat treatment in a reactive atmosphere.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that hydrogen is used as reactive atmosphere for the heat treatment of the die-cast magnet bodies.
- Process according to Claim 2, characterized in that the hydrogen atmosphere is renewed continuously or discontinuously by purging during the heat treatment of the die-cast magnet bodies.
- Process according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the die-cast magnet bodies are initially heat-treated in wet hydrogen at a temperature of between 850 and 1000°C and are then heat-treated in dry hydrogen at a temperature of between 1000 and 1250°C.
- Process according to Claim 4, characterized in that the die-cast magnet bodies are heat-treated at a temperature in the range from 870 to 950°C for a period of 2 to 16 hours in wet hydrogen and finally are heat-treated at a temperature in the range from 1050 to 1120°C for a period of at least 1.5 hours in dry hydrogen.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19643602A DE19643602A1 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 1996-10-22 | Process for the production of massive magnetic bodies |
| DE19643602 | 1996-10-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0838289A1 EP0838289A1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
| EP0838289B1 true EP0838289B1 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
Family
ID=7809469
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97117634A Expired - Lifetime EP0838289B1 (en) | 1996-10-22 | 1997-10-11 | Method for producing of massive magnet bodies |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5932032A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0838289B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH10154625A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE229859T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19643602A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6722887B2 (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2020-07-15 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Dust core of iron-based magnetic material |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB450841A (en) * | 1935-01-21 | 1936-07-21 | Birmingham Electr Furnaces Ltd | Methods or processes for the heat-treatment of iron, steel and alloy steels |
| DE1182276B (en) * | 1958-11-12 | 1964-11-26 | Armco Steel Corp | Process for the production of non-aging silicon steel sheet |
| DD108628A1 (en) * | 1973-09-20 | 1974-09-20 | ||
| DD126155A1 (en) * | 1976-06-22 | 1977-06-22 | ||
| JPS54104427A (en) * | 1978-02-06 | 1979-08-16 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Low temperature fusion magnetic alloy |
-
1996
- 1996-10-22 DE DE19643602A patent/DE19643602A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-10-11 DE DE59708998T patent/DE59708998D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-11 AT AT97117634T patent/ATE229859T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-11 EP EP97117634A patent/EP0838289B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-16 US US08/951,403 patent/US5932032A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-21 JP JP9288362A patent/JPH10154625A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5932032A (en) | 1999-08-03 |
| ATE229859T1 (en) | 2003-01-15 |
| DE59708998D1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
| DE19643602A1 (en) | 1998-04-23 |
| EP0838289A1 (en) | 1998-04-29 |
| JPH10154625A (en) | 1998-06-09 |
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