EP0816565B1 - Prismatic paving stone and appropriate pavement - Google Patents

Abstract

The plan view of a concrete paving slab is in the form of a pentagon, comprising a long side (2), adjacent to which are two short sides (3) of equal length and at an angle of 120 degrees, their length being half that of the long side. Two further sides (4) are at an angle of 90 degrees to the short sides and are of equal medium length. The long side is 10-20 cm long, particularly 15.4 cm, and the slab is 8 cm thick with bevelled edges between the top surface and side faces. Vertical edges (5) are rounded and spacers can be provided on the side faces.

Description

The present invention relates to a prismatic Paving stone, especially of concrete, with a floor plan in the shape of a pentagon.

Such paving stones are used to pave traffic routes, in particular sidewalks, roadways, bike paths, parking and stopping bays, squares, pedestrian zones etc., but also for paving private areas such as courtyards, garden areas etc. used. It is essential here that with the paving stones a composite effect is achieved in order the pollution caused by traffic if possible to be able to record large areas. So are concrete paving stones known that have projections and grooves on the sides or have wavy or sawtooth-shaped side surfaces, with which neighboring stones interlock to form to achieve a composite effect on the paved surface. All however, these composite paving stones have a more or less regular shape, so that the joints between the stones continuous in the paved area if partly broken lines that form something create monotonous impression.

In the manufacture of such plasters with composite stones can be made over a large area on a prefabricated Bedding laid up and into the bedding using a vibrator be shaken. This will cause manual over paving stones achieved significant work advantages.

Compound paving stones have also become known, which have a polygonal shape or an irregular shape. For example, DE 35 03 770 A1 Floor plan pentagonal prismatic paving stone, where the pentagon consists of a trapezoidal surface and a Triangular surface. The long basic pages of The trapezoid and the triangle coincide. Both areas are taken from a square that is in two equal trapezoids and is divided into two equal triangles.

Such a pentagonal paving stone allows in Due to its irregular shape, the teeth are relatively good with adjacent stones in the installation level and guaranteed a relatively good job and distribution of occurring loads. However, occur in one of such Stone existing pavement always over two stones continuous joints in a straight line, so that with respect optimal results have not yet been achieved on the composite effect become.

Another pentagonal paving stone is from DE 32 17 737 A1 known. This well-known stone is cut in half of a stone that has the shape of the floor plan an equilateral hexagon. The stone has it Advantage that plaster is avoided while avoiding have continuous joints created. This advantage is also present in the pentagonal paving stone from DE 94 04 146 U. In addition, in DE 32 17 737 A1 no special formats for curbs, start and end stones required. Halved pentagonal stones can be used for this be used.

Because this well-known stone by halving a hexagon is formed, the correspondingly laid plaster pattern shaped by the hexagon shape. It therefore only results limited installation options. Either they will Stones laid so that the joints bisecting the hexagons run in a line, or the appropriate joints are laid at an angle to each other. Other variations are not possible.

The invention has for its object a prismatic Paving stone, especially made of concrete, with a Floor plan in the shape of a pentagon to create the easy handling and installation and very good Composite effect is particularly versatile.

This object is achieved by a prismatic Paving stone, especially made of concrete, with a Floor plan in the shape of a pentagon with a long side, two adjoining it at an angle of 120 ° equally long short pages, the length of each half Length corresponds to the long side, and two below it same length of medium length at an angle of 90 ° Has sides resolved.

The stone designed according to the invention is formed by thirding an equilateral hexagon, with the corresponding Lines of thirds perpendicular to every second Hexagonal side. Therefore, when installed, form three paving stones according to the invention a hexagon. How This will be explained later in detail several variants with respect to corresponding Paving stone pattern.

The composite effect of the stone designed according to the invention is excellent because the stone is in the laid state supported on six neighboring stones. The stone can be so laid that no continuous joints at all result. However, types of installation are also possible with which joints run through, for example, two joints. In this regard, depending on the subject to be included The appropriate installation type can be selected.

It is understood that the term used here "Paving stone" also include corresponding "paving slabs" should. The invention relates only to the Floor plan form, but is independent of the height. All Stone or slab formats (thickness) should therefore be included in the Invention fall.

Preferably in the case of the one designed according to the invention Paving stone the long side a length of 10 - 20 cm, particularly preferably a length of approximately 15.4 cm.

If the stone is designed as a plate, it expediently points about 8 cm thick.

These formats have been considered for rational laying proven particularly suitable.

In a development of the invention, the paving stone is chamfered Edges between the top surface and side surfaces. This will cause the edges to flake off in use and avoided manufacturing. Rounded ones are also expedient vertical edges present, which also causes the advantages shown above can be achieved.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the Paving stone on its side surfaces as a spacer serving projections. This allows a certain joint width be observed, what for the rainwater drainage is essential.

The invention further relates to a made of paving stones type of composite patch described above. This patch is characterized by the fact that three Paving stones with their medium-long sides together are placed so that they form an equilateral hexagon, and the plaster is made up of a variety of each three paving stones formed equilateral hexagons put together.

A plaster that has no continuous joints and is characterized by a particularly good bond effect, has a hexagon pattern, each with two short Sides of two adjacent stones one Hexagons against a long side of a stone of an adjacent one Encounter hexagons.

With another plaster variant, this one Hexagon pattern, in which three form a hexagon Paving stones and six with their long sides to the A large paving stone laid on the sides of the hexagon Form hexagon. The sides of this big hexagon will be in each case from two medium-long sides of one according to the invention trained pentagonal stone. Advantageous is here that within such large hexagons do not result in continuous joints. This only arise between the large ones placed next to each other Hexagons. Because every big hexagon is one of three pentagonal stones includes existing small hexagon particularly beautiful optical effects.

Other design options in relation to pavement patterns result from the fact that the invention is a square stone that provides a floor plan in the form of a quadrilateral, the area of which is a quarter of a corresponds to the hexagon formed from the three paving stones, that along a two opposite hexagons connecting and one two opposite Hexagon sides bisecting line is divided. The invention also relates to a plaster consisting of such Paving stones is composed or such Paving stones in combination with those described above contains pentagonal paving stones.

The square paving stone described above forms hence the same hexagon with three other square stones like the pentagonal stone with two other pentagonal stones forms. It is understood that this means the number of installable Pavement pattern is significantly expandable. About that In addition, the square stone described above as Curb stone used to be made of pentagonal stones or combinations formed by pentagonal stones and square stones Completing the plaster pattern in a straight line.

In particular, the square paving stone has two sides of equal length, which are at an angle of 90 ° form. A short one runs parallel to one of these pages Side that is also at an angle with the adjacent side of 90 °. The square is marked by a sloping side completed. The angles that the oblique side with the connection sides forms, are 60 ° and 120 °.

With the square stones mentioned above can be Form hexagons, but in this case between the continuous stones are formed. There those formed by square stones and pentagonal stones Hexagons are the same size, you can use any pattern alternating hexagons made of square stones and pentagonal stones put together. In another variant points the plaster formed according to the invention Hexagon pattern, with four forming a hexagon Square stones and six with their long sides to the sides of the hexagon pentagonal stones a big one Form hexagon. The effect here is similar to that of the embodiment in which two are arranged one inside the other Hexagons are formed only from pentagonal stones.

Figur 1

eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten fünfeckigen Pflasterstein;

Figur 2

eine schematische Draufsicht auf drei zu einem Sechseck zusammengelegte Pflastersteine gemäß Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine erste Variante eines aus fünfeckigen Pflastersteinen der Figuren 1 und 2 zusammengesetzten Pflastermusters;

Figur 4

eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine zweite Variante eines aus Fünfecksteinen der Figuren 1 und 2 zusammengesetzten Pflastermusters;

Figur 5

eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein aus vier Vierecksteinen gebildetes Sechseck, dessen Größe den in den vorhergehenden Figuren gezeigten Sechsecken entspricht;

Figur 6

eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein Teil eines Pflasters, der aus einem großen Sechseck besteht, das sich aus einem zentralen Sechseck aus vier Vierecksteinen und sechs um dieses gelegten Fünfecksteinen zusammensetzt;

Figur 7

eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein aus Fünfecksteinen und Vierecksteinen zusammengesetztes Pflastermuster;

Figur 8

eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine weitere Ausführungsform eines aus Fünfecksteinen und Vierecksteinen zusammengesetzten Pflastermusters; und

Figur 9

eine schematische Draufsicht auf noch eine weitere Ausführungsform eines aus Fünfecksteinen und Vierecksteinen zusammengesetzten Pflastermusters.

The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. Show it:

Figure 1

a schematic plan view of an inventive pentagonal paving stone;

Figure 2

a schematic plan view of three cobblestones folded into a hexagon according to Figure 1;

Figure 3

a schematic top view of a first variant of a pentagonal paving stones of Figures 1 and 2 assembled paving pattern;

Figure 4

a schematic plan view of a second variant of a paving pattern composed of pentagonal stones of Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 5

is a schematic plan view of a hexagon formed from four square stones, the size of which corresponds to the hexagons shown in the previous figures;

Figure 6

a schematic plan view of a part of a patch, which consists of a large hexagon, which is composed of a central hexagon of four square stones and six pentagonal stones placed around this;

Figure 7

a schematic plan view of a paving pattern composed of pentagonal stones and square stones;

Figure 8

is a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of a paving pattern composed of pentagonal stones and square stones; and

Figure 9

is a schematic plan view of yet another embodiment of a paving pattern composed of pentagonal stones and square stones.

The paving stone 1 shown in Figure 1 has one Floor plan in the shape of a pentagon that has a long side 2, two adjoining it at an angle of 120 ° equally long short pages 3 and two below same length of medium length at an angle of 90 ° Pages. The length of the short sides 3 corresponds each half the length of the long side 2. The in Figure 1 specified angles α are therefore 120 °, while the in Figure 1 specified angle β 90 °. The paving stone Figure 1 is plate-like, i. H. owns a thickness less than length. The respective vertical edges are rounded as shown at 5. On the side surfaces has the paving stone, not shown, semicircular Projections that serve as spacers. At the embodiment shown here has the long side 2 a length of about 14.5 cm, while the short sides have a length of about 7.25 cm. The medium length Pages 4 have a length of about 12 cm.

Figure 2. shows 3 stones of Figure 1 that form a hexagon are composed. One recognizes that the stones with their medium-length sides 4 lie together. The long sides 2 and two short sides 3 alternately form the sides of the Hexagons.

Figure 3 shows a variant of a pentagonal stones of the Figures 1 and 2 composite plaster pattern. Three Pentagon stones are put together to form a hexagon, the plaster pattern being made up of a plurality of juxtaposed Hexagons. The hexagons are honeycomb-like.

The pentagonal stone 1 shown in black in FIG. 3 bumps with its two short sides 3 on the long sides of two stones from neighboring hexagons and with his long side 2 against the short sides 3 of two neighboring ones Stones of another neighboring hexagon. The medium length sides 4 abut the medium length sides of two other pentagonal stones forming the hexagon. With this type of pattern, there are therefore no continuous ones Joints, which creates a particularly good interlocking or composite effect is achieved. There are always two short sides of two pentagonal stones against a long side of a pentagonal stone.

FIG. 4 shows a further variant of a plaster pattern. In this embodiment, three pentagonal stones form Hexagon, on the sides of which the long sides 2 of six other pentagonal stones are laid. So it arises large hexagon 6, which consists of a total of nine pentagonal stones composed, the three middle stones a basic hexagon form the type described above.

Several large hexagons placed together form a honeycomb Pavement pattern. The boundary pages of this large hexagons 6 are each separated by two medium length ones Pages 4 formed by two pentagonal stones. These two medium-long sides 4 form one over two stones continuous joint. Within the respective big one However, hexagons 6 are not continuous joints available. This plaster pattern makes one special nice optical effect, since each has a small hexagon is arranged in a large hexagon.

Figure 5 shows a hexagon, the size of the Hexagon corresponds to Figure 2. This hexagon sits down composed of four square stones 7 by quartering of the hexagon are formed. Every stone has the shape of a Quadrilaterals, the area of which is a quarter of the hexagon corresponds to that along a two opposite Hexagonal corners connecting and two opposite Hexagon sides bisecting line is divided.

A single square stone 7 has two sides of equal length 8, which together form an angle γ of 90 °. A short side 9 extends parallel to one side 8 and also forms an angle γ with the other side 8 of 90 °. The one side 8 is with the side 9 over a Sloping side 10 connected to pages 8 and 9 one Forms an angle ε of 60 ° and an angle  of 120 °.

This stone also has rounded vertical edges and Spacers of the type described above (not shown).

Figure 6 shows an existing of ten paving stones Hexagon, the size of which is the large one shown in FIG Hexagon 6 corresponds. The central smaller hexagon is formed by four square stones 7, at their Sloping sides 10 and on their short sides nine pentagonal stones 1 are created with their long sides 2.

FIG. 7 shows one of pentagonal stones 1 and square stones 7 composite plaster pattern. One recognizes one from Pentagon stones composed of large hexagon 6, the one includes small hexagon that consists of three pentagonal stones consists. Square stones 7 are shown at the bottom of the figure, which act as curbs and a straight line Allow completion of the plaster pattern. At the top The area of the pavement pattern consists of four each Quadrangular stones 7 composite hexagons next to one dark hexagon made of pentagonal stones 1 arranged are. The left and right margins in the figure of the Pavement is also formed by square stones 7.

Figure 8 shows a relatively simple plaster pattern. Here five, one above the other in the figure Hexagons formed by three pentagonal stones 1 each. In to the left and right of this figure are hexagons, which are composed of four square stones 7 each. These square stones are also provided in the edge area.

The plaster pattern set in FIG. 9 is exposed Hexagons together, each consisting of three pentagonal stones 1 are formed. To get straight edges, in corresponding quadrangular stones 7 are provided.

In all described embodiments of Paving stones are the edges between the top surface and chamfered the side surfaces. The stones are made of concrete and can be graduated in color, such as in 6 - 9 shown, so that there are corresponding optical Effects.

Claims (13)

1. A prismatic pavement stone, especially consisting of concrete, having a horizontal projection in the shape of a pentagon, characterized in that it includes a long side (2), two short sides (3) with the same length adjoining the long side (2) with an angle of 120° and each having a length corresponding to half of the length of the long side (2), and two sides (4) with medium length adjoining the two short sides (3) with an angle of 90° and having the same length.
2. The pavement stone according to claim 1, characterized in that the long side (2) has a length of 10-20 cm.
3. The pavement stone according to claim 2, characterized in that the long side (2) has a length of about 15,4 cm.
4. The pavement stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a thickness of about 8 cm.
5. The pavement stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has chamfered edges between the top surface and the side surfaces.
6. The pavement stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has rounded vertical edges (5).
7. The pavement stone according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has projections serving as spacers on its side surfaces.
8. A pavement consisting of pavement stones according to one of the claims 1-7, characterized in that three pavement stones (1) are juxtaposed with their medium long sides (4) such that they form an equilateral hexagon, respectively, and that the pavement consists of a plurality of equilateral hexagons formed by three pavement stones (1) each.
9. The pavement according to claim 8, characterized in that it has a hexagon pattern according to which two short sides (3) of two adjacent stones (1) of one hexagon abut against a long side (2) of a stone (1) of an adjacent hexagon.
10. The pavement according to claim 8, characterized in that it has a hexagon pattern according to which three pavement stones (1) forming a hexagon and six pavement stones (1) abutting the sides of the hexagon with their long sides (2) form a large hexagon (6).
11. The pavement according to one of the claims 8-10, characterized in that it additionally includes pavement stones (7) having a horizontal projection in the shape of a square, the area of said square corresponding to a quarter of a hexagon formed by the three pavement stones (1) and divided along a line connecting two opposite hexagon corners and bisecting two opposite hexagon sides.
12. The pavement according to claim 11, characterized in that the square stones (7) are disposed as edge stones.
13. The pavement according to claim 11, characterized in that the square stones (7) form own hexagons which are alternately disposed with hexagons consisting of pentagon stones (1).

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