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EP0808693A1 - Method and apparatus for dressing the CBN or diamond ring layer of a grinding wheel - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for dressing the CBN or diamond ring layer of a grinding wheel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0808693A1
EP0808693A1 EP97102464A EP97102464A EP0808693A1 EP 0808693 A1 EP0808693 A1 EP 0808693A1 EP 97102464 A EP97102464 A EP 97102464A EP 97102464 A EP97102464 A EP 97102464A EP 0808693 A1 EP0808693 A1 EP 0808693A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disk
workpiece
tool
grinding
sensors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97102464A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0808693B1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Robert Dr.-Ing. Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Diamantwerkzeuge GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Ernst Winter and Sohn Diamantwekzeuge GmbH and Co
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Publication of EP0808693A1 publication Critical patent/EP0808693A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/18—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation taking regard of the presence of dressing tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
    • B24B53/08—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels controlled by information means, e.g. patterns, templets, punched tapes or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for machining an annular CBN or diamond coating of grinding wheels on the circumference and / or on the end face according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the face and cylindrical grinding of CBN and diamond wheels is usually done with SiC wheels.
  • the aim is to give the workpiece disks sufficient flatness on the end face or sufficient roundness on the circumferential surface. With this machining it is desirable that concentricity and axial runout within the required tolerance lie.
  • the covering of the workpiece disc should only be removed as far as is absolutely necessary to achieve a qualitatively satisfactory end surface. Machining beyond this point extends the machining time and leads to undesired removal on the workpiece and also on the tool disk.
  • the work described has been done by hand.
  • the operator moves the tool disk against the rotating workpiece disk more or less quickly, taking care to ensure that the contact between the disks does not occur abruptly, because otherwise an additional out-of-roundness or unevenness can be produced, which eliminates the machining time even more.
  • the operator selects the infeed according to "feeling" and ends the machining process if, based on his experience, he has the impression that sufficient roundness and flatness have been achieved. This is ensured by a subsequent check. Errors cannot be ruled out in the process previously practiced. It is also relatively expensive.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for machining an annular CBN and diamond coating of grinding wheels, which is complete can be carried out automatically and causes less effort.
  • the sound that is generated by the spindle driving the workpiece disk is measured. If the spindle and workpiece disc are completely round and the bearing is unbalanced, vibrations should not occur when the disc is rotating freely. In practice, however, they occur; however, they can be eliminated by appropriate filtering or the like. Noticeably measurable vibrations that can be used for the control occur during machining due to two factors: the contact of the tool disc with the workpiece and out-of-roundness or unevenness of the coating on the workpiece disc. The force changes caused by out-of-roundness, which occur when the tool disk and the workpiece disk come into contact during their revolutions, cause corresponding vibrations of the spindle.
  • this process can be ended as soon as the sensor detects the contact of the abrasive disk with the workpiece disk.
  • the Signal from the sensors is analyzed, it being possible to distinguish relatively easily between the non-contact and the contact state between the panes in that its amplitude changes significantly.
  • a corresponding signal is given to the feed drive. This reduces the speed to a significantly reduced value, which corresponds to a predetermined delivery speed for processing. It is also conceivable to carry out the delivery step by step in predetermined time units.
  • the processing is carried out according to a predetermined program, which is based on the geometric and material conditions. As long as flatness or roundness have not yet been achieved, specific vibrations are generated on the spindle for the workpiece disk, as described, which can be used to display this process. At the moment when roundness or flatness has been achieved, the vibrations go to zero. The grinding process can be ended and the tool disk can be moved back to the starting position.
  • two ultrasonic sensors can also be used. They can be used so that their Signals can be used facultatively or summing up. In the latter case, both sensors must indicate the desired state so that the start-up or machining process is ended. It is also conceivable to use one ultrasonic sensor to control the start-up process and the other to end the machining process.
  • the sensor output signals are naturally a mixture of different frequencies.
  • a diamond grinding wheel 10 in FIG. 1 (workpiece wheel) has a cup-shaped support body 12 and a cone-shaped grinding surface 14. After the grinding wheel 10 has been pressed, it is necessary to process the surface 14 in order to give it the desired flatness on the end face and the desired roundness to give the peripheral surface. The same applies when dressing the grinding wheel 10 after a certain operating time.
  • the surface 14 is ground using a silicon carbide grinding wheel either in position 16 or 18, which are driven in rotation by a motor 20 or 22.
  • the associated grinding machine is not shown. It also contains motors for the delivery of the disk 16 or 18 (tool disk), which are designated in FIG. 1 with 24 or 26. A further motor is required for the transverse feed according to arrow 28, but this is not shown for reasons of simplification.
  • the workpiece grinding wheel 10 is clamped in the grinding machine with the aid of a spindle.
  • the spindle is indicated at 30. It is driven by a motor 32.
  • Two ultrasonic sensors 34, 36 are assigned to the spindle 30.
  • the output signals from sensors 34, 36 go to frequency analysis stages 38 and 40, respectively. Their output is connected to a control device 42 for the individual motors. This is indicated by dashed lines.
  • a control stage 44 is also assigned to the control device 42. The arrangement shown works as follows.
  • the workpiece grinding wheel 10 is clamped in the grinding machine.
  • the tool grinding wheel 16 or 18 is at a corresponding distance from the abrasive coating 14. This distance is shown in FIG. 1 less than it normally exists.
  • the tool grinding wheel 16 or 18 is moved in the direction of the arrows onto the coating 14 with the aid of the motor 24 or 26. Because of the geometrical relationships, the route is known, so that most of the route can be covered at a relatively high speed. The last section of the route can then be covered in what is known as creeping operation.
  • a first contact of the two tool disks 16 or 18 with the coating 14 leads to a significantly increased vibration amplitude of the spindle 30, which can be seen in FIG. 2a. 2 to 4, the signal curves of the sensors 34, 36 are plotted in decibels (dB) over time.
  • the curve in FIG. 2b or 3b is obtained.
  • the first major jump in the curve according to FIGS. 2b and 3b indicates that the grinding wheel 16 or 18 has come into contact with the covering 14.
  • the actual machining process which is predetermined by the programming stage 44, now begins.
  • the sensors according to FIG. 1 can be piezo crystals which measure the sound level pressure emanating from the spindle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves using a tool grinding disc (16,18), esp. with an SiC coating, where the tool grinding disc is pressed against the workpiece disc (10) at a first speed, then the tool grinding disc is operated at reduced speed until the coating is round or flat. The body sound of the workpiece disc spindle is measured with one or more ultrasonic sensors (34,36) and analysed. The movement of the tool disc against the workpiece disc is performed automatically and at a defined speed until contact is made. A lower speed is used after contact is detected by one or both ultrasonic sensors and the grinding process is terminated when at least one sensor detects roundness or flatness over one workpiece disc rotation.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines ringförmigen CBN- oder Diamantbelags von Schleifscheiben am Umfang und/oder an der Stirnseite nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for machining an annular CBN or diamond coating of grinding wheels on the circumference and / or on the end face according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Das Plan- und Rundschleifen von CBN- und Diamantscheiben erfolgt üblicherweise mit SiC-Scheiben. Angestrebt wird, den Werkstückscheiben eine ausreichende Planheit an der Stirnfläche bzw. eine ausreichende Rundheit an der Umfangsfläche zu verleihen. Bei dieser Bearbeitung ist erwünscht, daß Rund- und Planlauf in der geforderten Toleranz liegen. Der Belag der Werkstückscheibe soll nur so weit abgetragen werden, wie für die Erzielung einer qualitativ zufriedenstellenden Endfläche unbedingt erforderlich. Eine über diesen Punkt hinausgehende Bearbeitung verlängert die Bearbeitungszeit und führt zu einem unerwünschten Abtrag an der Werkstück-, aber auch an der Werkzeugscheibe.The face and cylindrical grinding of CBN and diamond wheels is usually done with SiC wheels. The aim is to give the workpiece disks sufficient flatness on the end face or sufficient roundness on the circumferential surface. With this machining it is desirable that concentricity and axial runout within the required tolerance lie. The covering of the workpiece disc should only be removed as far as is absolutely necessary to achieve a qualitatively satisfactory end surface. Machining beyond this point extends the machining time and leads to undesired removal on the workpiece and also on the tool disk.

Bisher erfolgte der beschriebene Arbeitsvorgang von Hand. Der Bediener fährt die Werkzeugscheibe mehr oder weniger schnell gegen die rotierende Werkstückscheibe, wobei er Sorge dafür tragen muß, daß der Kontakt zwischen den Scheiben nicht stoßartig erfolgt, weil andernfalls eine zusätzliche Unrundheit oder Unebenheit erzeugt werden kann, die zu beseitigen die Bearbeitungszeit noch erhöht. Während des Bearbeitens wählt der Bediener die Zustellung nach "Gefühl" und beendet den Bearbeitungsvorgang, wenn er aufgrund seiner Erfahrung den Eindruck hat, daß ausreichende Rundheit und Planheit erreicht worden sind. Dies wird durch anschließende Prüfung sichergstellt. Bei dem bisher ausgeübten Verfahren sind Fehler nicht auszuschließen. Außerdem ist es verhältnismäßig aufwendig.So far, the work described has been done by hand. The operator moves the tool disk against the rotating workpiece disk more or less quickly, taking care to ensure that the contact between the disks does not occur abruptly, because otherwise an additional out-of-roundness or unevenness can be produced, which eliminates the machining time even more. During machining, the operator selects the infeed according to "feeling" and ends the machining process if, based on his experience, he has the impression that sufficient roundness and flatness have been achieved. This is ensured by a subsequent check. Errors cannot be ruled out in the process previously practiced. It is also relatively expensive.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines ringförmigen CBN- und Diamantbelags von Schleifscheiben zu schaffen, das vollständig automatisch durchgeführt werden kann und einen geringeren Aufwand verursacht.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method for machining an annular CBN and diamond coating of grinding wheels, which is complete can be carried out automatically and causes less effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Schall gemessen, der von der die Werkstückscheibe antreibenden Spindel erzeugt wird. Bei vollkommener Rundheit von Spindel und Werkstückscheibe und bei unwuchtfreier Lagerung dürften bei freidrehendem Antrieb der Scheibe Schwingungen nicht auftreten. In der Praxis treten sie gleichwohl auf; sie können jedoch durch entsprechende Filterung oder dergleichen eliminiert werden. Merklich meßbare und für die Steuerung ausnutzbare Schwingungen treten bei der Bearbeitung durch zwei Faktoren auf: Die Berührung der Werkzeugscheibe mit dem Werkstück und Unrundheit bzw. Unebenheit des Belages der Werkstückscheibe. Die durch Unrundheit verursachten Kraftänderungen, die beim Kontakt von Werkzeugscheibe und Werkstückscheibe bei ihren Umdrehungen auftreten, bewirken entsprechende Schwingungen der Spindel. Wird die Werkzeugscheibe mit vorgegebener einstellbarer Vorschubgeschwindigkeit gegen den Werkstückbelag gefahren, dann kann dieser Vorgang sofort beendet werden, sobald der Sensor den Kontakt der abtragenden Scheibe mit der Werkstückscheibe feststellt. Das Signal der Sensoren wird analysiert, wobei relativ einfach zwischen dem berührungsfreien und dem Berührungszustand zwischen den Scheiben dadurch unterschieden werden kann, daß sich seine Amplitude signifikant ändert. Sobald eine Berührung festgestellt wird, wird ein entsprechendes Signal auf den Zustellantrieb gegeben. Dieser steuert die Geschwindigkeit auf einen deutlich reduzierten Wert herunter, der einer vorgegebenen Zustellgeschwindigkeit für die Bearbeitung entspricht. Es ist auch denkbar, die Zustellung stufenweise in vorgegebenen Zeiteinheiten vorzunehmen.According to the invention, the sound that is generated by the spindle driving the workpiece disk is measured. If the spindle and workpiece disc are completely round and the bearing is unbalanced, vibrations should not occur when the disc is rotating freely. In practice, however, they occur; however, they can be eliminated by appropriate filtering or the like. Noticeably measurable vibrations that can be used for the control occur during machining due to two factors: the contact of the tool disc with the workpiece and out-of-roundness or unevenness of the coating on the workpiece disc. The force changes caused by out-of-roundness, which occur when the tool disk and the workpiece disk come into contact during their revolutions, cause corresponding vibrations of the spindle. If the tool disk is moved against the workpiece surface at a predefined, adjustable feed speed, this process can be ended as soon as the sensor detects the contact of the abrasive disk with the workpiece disk. The Signal from the sensors is analyzed, it being possible to distinguish relatively easily between the non-contact and the contact state between the panes in that its amplitude changes significantly. As soon as a touch is detected, a corresponding signal is given to the feed drive. This reduces the speed to a significantly reduced value, which corresponds to a predetermined delivery speed for processing. It is also conceivable to carry out the delivery step by step in predetermined time units.

Die Bearbeitung erfolgt nach einem vorgegebenen Programm, das sich nach den geometrischen und Materialverhältnissen richtet. Solange Planheit bzw. Rundheit noch nicht erzielt sind, werden, wie beschrieben, an der Spindel für die Werkstückscheibe spezifische Schwingungen erzeugt, die zur Anzeige dieses Vorgangs herangezogen werden können. In dem Augenblick, in dem Rundheit bzw. Planheit erzielt worden ist, gehen die Schwingungen gegen Null. Der Schleifvorgang kann beendet und die Werkzeugscheibe in die Ausgangsstellung zurückgefahren werden.The processing is carried out according to a predetermined program, which is based on the geometric and material conditions. As long as flatness or roundness have not yet been achieved, specific vibrations are generated on the spindle for the workpiece disk, as described, which can be used to display this process. At the moment when roundness or flatness has been achieved, the vibrations go to zero. The grinding process can be ended and the tool disk can be moved back to the starting position.

Erfindungsgemäß können auch zwei Ultraschallsensoren verwendet werden. Sie können so eingesetzt werden, daß ihre Signale fakultativ oder summierend verwendet werden. Im letzteren Fall müssen jeweils beide Sensoren den gewünschten Zustand indizieren, damit der Anfahr- bzw. der Bearbeitungsvorgang beendet wird. Es ist auch denkbar, einen Ultraschallsensor für die Steuerung des Anfahrvorgangs und den anderen für die Beendigung des Bearbeitungsvorgangs zu verwenden.According to the invention, two ultrasonic sensors can also be used. They can be used so that their Signals can be used facultatively or summing up. In the latter case, both sensors must indicate the desired state so that the start-up or machining process is ended. It is also conceivable to use one ultrasonic sensor to control the start-up process and the other to end the machining process.

Die Ausgangssignale der Sensoren sind naturgemäß ein Gemisch verschiedener Frequenzen. Um sie besser zu analysieren, ist es erfindungsgemäß vorteilhaft, aus diesen den Mittelwert durch Glättung zu bilden. Steigt zum Beispiel der Mittelwert relativ abrupt an, ist dies das Anzeichen dafür, daß die Werkzeugscheibe die Werkstückscheibe berührt hat. Liegt Planheit bzw. Rundheit vor, ergibt der Mittlwert eine Konstante. Wird über eine vorgegebene Zeit eine Konstante gemessen, kann der Bearbeitungsvorgang beendet werden.The sensor output signals are naturally a mixture of different frequencies. In order to analyze them better, it is advantageous according to the invention to use them to form the mean by smoothing. For example, if the mean increases relatively abruptly, this is an indication that the tool wheel has touched the workpiece wheel. If there is flatness or roundness, the mean results in a constant. If a constant is measured over a predetermined time, the machining process can be ended.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.

Fig. 1
zeigt schematisch die Bearbeitung einer Diamantscheibe mit einer Werkzeugscheibe und einer entsprechenden Steuervorrichtung für die Werkzeugscheibe.
Fig. 2
zeigt das Ausgangssignal eines ersten Sensors bei einem Umfangsschleifen der Werkstückscheibe nach Fig. 1 im nicht geglätteten (a) und geglätteten Zustand (b).
Fig. 3
zeigt das Ausgangssignal eines ersten Sensors für das Planschleifen der Werkstückscheibe nach Fig. 1 im nicht geglätteten und geglätteten Zustand.
Fig. 4
zeigt das Ausgangssignal eines zweiten Sensors im geglätteten und nicht geglätteten Zustand.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.
Fig. 1
shows schematically the processing of a diamond wheel with a tool wheel and a corresponding control device for the tool wheel.
Fig. 2
shows the output signal of a first sensor during a peripheral grinding of the workpiece disc according to FIG. 1 in the non-smoothed (a) and smoothed state (b).
Fig. 3
shows the output signal of a first sensor for surface grinding of the workpiece disc of FIG. 1 in the non-smoothed and smoothed state.
Fig. 4
shows the output signal of a second sensor in the smoothed and unsmoothed state.

Eine Diamantschleifscheibe 10 in Fig. 1 (Werkstückscheibe) weist einen topfförmigen Trägerkörper 12 auf und einen kegelringförmigen Schleifbelag 14. Nach dem Pressen der Schleifscheibe 10 ist erforderlich, den Belag 14 zu bearbeiten, um ihm die gewünschte Planheit an der Stirnfläche und die gewünschte Rundheit an der Umfangsfläche zu verleihen. Entsprechendes gilt beim Abrichten der Schleifscheibe 10 nach einer gewissen Betriebszeit.A diamond grinding wheel 10 in FIG. 1 (workpiece wheel) has a cup-shaped support body 12 and a cone-shaped grinding surface 14. After the grinding wheel 10 has been pressed, it is necessary to process the surface 14 in order to give it the desired flatness on the end face and the desired roundness to give the peripheral surface. The same applies when dressing the grinding wheel 10 after a certain operating time.

Das Schleifen des Belages 14 erfolgt mit Hilfe einer Siliziumkarbid-Schleifscheibe entweder in Position 16 oder 18, die von einem Motor 20 bzw. 22 drehend angetrieben sind. Die zugehörige Schleifmaschine ist nicht dargestellt. Sie enthält auch Motoren für das Zustellen der Scheibe 16 oder 18 (Werkzeugscheibe), die in Fig. 1 mit 24 bzw. 26 bezeichnet sind. Für den Quervorschub gemäß Pfeil 28 ist ein weiterer Motor erforderlich, der jedoch aus Vereinfachungsgründen nicht gezeigt ist.The surface 14 is ground using a silicon carbide grinding wheel either in position 16 or 18, which are driven in rotation by a motor 20 or 22. The associated grinding machine is not shown. It also contains motors for the delivery of the disk 16 or 18 (tool disk), which are designated in FIG. 1 with 24 or 26. A further motor is required for the transverse feed according to arrow 28, but this is not shown for reasons of simplification.

Die Werkstückschleifscheibe 10 wird mit Hilfe einer Spindel in der Schleifmaschine eingespannt. Die Spindel ist mit 30 angedeutet. Sie wird von einem Motor 32 angetrieben. Der Spindel 30 sind zwei Ultraschallsensoren 34, 36 zugeordnet. Die Ausgangssignale der Sensoren 34, 36 gehen auf Frequenz-Analysierstufen 38 bzw. 40. Deren Ausgang ist mit einer Steuervorrichtung 42 für die einzelnen Motoren verbunden. Dies ist durch gestrichelte Linien angedeutet. Der Steuervorrichtung 42 ist auch eine Programmierstufe 44 zugeordnet. Die gezeigte Anordnung arbeitet wie folgt.The workpiece grinding wheel 10 is clamped in the grinding machine with the aid of a spindle. The spindle is indicated at 30. It is driven by a motor 32. Two ultrasonic sensors 34, 36 are assigned to the spindle 30. The output signals from sensors 34, 36 go to frequency analysis stages 38 and 40, respectively. Their output is connected to a control device 42 for the individual motors. This is indicated by dashed lines. A control stage 44 is also assigned to the control device 42. The arrangement shown works as follows.

Zunächst wird die Werkstückschleifscheibe 10 in die Schleifmaschine eingespannt. Die Werkzeugschleifscheibe 16 oder 18 hat jeweils einen entsprechenden Abstand zum Schleifbelag 14. Dieser Abstand ist in Fig. 1 geringer eingezeichnet als er normalerweise besteht. Nach dem Starten der Schleifmaschine, was durch einen Bediener initiiert werden oder auch automatisch erfolgen kann, werden mit Hilfe des Motors 24 bzw. 26 die Werkzeugschleifscheibe 16 oder 18 in Richtung der Pfeile auf den Belag 14 gefahren. Aufgrund der geometrischen Verhältnisse ist der Weg bekannt, so daß der größte Teil des Weges mit relativ hoher Geschwindigkeit zurückgelegt werden kann. Der letzte Wegabschnitt kann dann im sogenannten Schleichbetrieb zurückgelegt werden. Unabhängig davon, ob ein Schleichbetrieb vorgesehen ist oder nicht, führt eine erste Berührung der beiden Werkzeugscheibe 16 oder 18 mit dem Belag 14 zu einer deutlich verstärkten Schwingungsamplitude der Spindel 30, was in Fig. 2a zu erkennen ist. In den Figuren 2 bis 4 sind die Signalkurven der Sensoren 34, 36 in Dezibel (dB) über die Zeit aufgetragen. Bezüglich der Scheibe 16 oder 18 wird bei entsprechender Glättung der Kurve nach Fig. 2a bzw. nach Fig. 3a die Kurve in Fig. 2b bzw. 3b erhalten. Der erste größere Sprung in der Kurve nach Fig. 2b bzw. 3b zeigt an, daß ein Kontakt der Schleifscheibe 16 oder 18 mit dem Belag 14 erfolgt ist. Nunmehr beginnt der eigentliche Bearbeitungsvorgang, der durch die Programmierstufe 44 vorgegeben ist. Da zunächst weder Planheit noch Rundheit des Belages 14 vorliegt, äußert sich dies in entsprechenden Schwingungen der Spindel 30. Dies ist am linken Ende der Kurve nach Fig. 4a zu erkennen. Sobald jedoch Rundheit eintritt, ergibt sich zwar ein höherer Schallpegel, der jedoch nur minimale Schwankungen aufweist. Eine Glättung der Kurve nach Fig. 4a ergibt beim erwünschten Bearbeitungsergebnis eine Konstante gemäß Fig. 4b. Sie ist ein Indiz dafür, daß Planheit bzw. Rundheit nunmehr erreicht ist. Die Steuervorrichtung 42 steuert die Antriebe entsprechend an, um den Bearbeitungsvorgang zu stoppen und die Schleifscheibe 16 oder 18 in ihre Ausgangsposition zurückzufahren für die Bearbeitung der nächsten Position bzw. der nächsten Werkstückscheibe.First, the workpiece grinding wheel 10 is clamped in the grinding machine. The tool grinding wheel 16 or 18 is at a corresponding distance from the abrasive coating 14. This distance is shown in FIG. 1 less than it normally exists. After starting the grinding machine, which can be initiated by an operator or can also be carried out automatically, the tool grinding wheel 16 or 18 is moved in the direction of the arrows onto the coating 14 with the aid of the motor 24 or 26. Because of the geometrical relationships, the route is known, so that most of the route can be covered at a relatively high speed. The last section of the route can then be covered in what is known as creeping operation. Regardless of whether creeping operation is provided or not, a first contact of the two tool disks 16 or 18 with the coating 14 leads to a significantly increased vibration amplitude of the spindle 30, which can be seen in FIG. 2a. 2 to 4, the signal curves of the sensors 34, 36 are plotted in decibels (dB) over time. With regard to the disk 16 or 18, with a corresponding smoothing of the curve according to FIG. 2a or FIG. 3a, the curve in FIG. 2b or 3b is obtained. The first major jump in the curve according to FIGS. 2b and 3b indicates that the grinding wheel 16 or 18 has come into contact with the covering 14. The actual machining process, which is predetermined by the programming stage 44, now begins. Since there is initially no flatness or roundness of the covering 14, this manifests itself in corresponding vibrations of the spindle 30 the left end of the curve according to FIG. 4a. As soon as roundness occurs, there is a higher sound level, but there are only minimal fluctuations. Smoothing the curve according to FIG. 4a results in a constant according to FIG. 4b for the desired machining result. It is an indication that flatness or roundness is now achieved. The control device 42 controls the drives accordingly in order to stop the machining process and to return the grinding wheel 16 or 18 to its starting position for machining the next position or the next workpiece wheel.

Es sei noch angemerkt, daß die Sensoren gemäß Fig. 1 Piezokristalle sein können, die den von der Spindel ausgehenden Schallpegeldruck messen.It should also be noted that the sensors according to FIG. 1 can be piezo crystals which measure the sound level pressure emanating from the spindle.

Claims (4)

Verfahren zum Bearbeiten eines ringförmigen CBN- oder Diamantbelags von Schleifscheiben am Umfang und/oder an der Stirnseite, mit Hilfe einer Werkzeugschleifscheibe, insbesondere mit einem SiC-Belag, bei dem die Werkzeugscheibe zunächst mit einer ersten vorgegebenen Geschwindigkeit gegen die Werkstückscheibe gefahren wird bis zur Berührung mit dieser und die Werkzeugscheibe anschließend mit einer vorgegebenen reduzierten Geschwindigkeit oder vorgegebenen Stufen pro Zeiteinheit zugestellt wird, bis Rundheit bzw. Planheit des Schleifbelags der Werkstückscheibe erreicht worden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit Hilfe von einem oder mehreren Ultraschallsensoren der von der Spindel der Werkstückscheibe erzeugte Körperschall gemessen und analysiert wird, daß das Verfahren der Werkzeugscheibe gegen die Werkstückscheibe bis zum Kontakt mit dieser automatisch mit einer vorgegebenen ersten Geschwindigkeit erfolgt und mit einer zweiten, viel geringeren Geschwindigkeit fortgesetzt wird, wenn mindestens einer der beiden Ultraschallsensoren eine Berührung der Werkzeugscheibe mit der Werkstückscheibe feststellt und der Schleifvorgang beendet wird, wenn mindestens einer der Sensoren über mindestens eine Umdrehung der Werkstückscheibe Rundheit bzw. Planheit feststellt.Method for machining an annular CBN or diamond coating of grinding wheels on the circumference and / or on the end face, with the aid of a tool grinding wheel, in particular with an SiC coating, in which the tool wheel is first moved against the workpiece wheel at a first predetermined speed until it touches with this and the tool disk is then delivered at a predetermined reduced speed or predetermined steps per unit of time until roundness or flatness of the grinding surface of the workpiece disk has been achieved, characterized in that with the help of one or more ultrasonic sensors that generated by the spindle of the workpiece disk Structure-borne noise is measured and analyzed so that the movement of the tool disk against the workpiece disk until it comes into contact with it automatically takes place at a predetermined first speed and is continued at a second, much lower speed d) if at least one of the two ultrasonic sensors detects contact of the tool disk with the workpiece disk and the grinding process is ended if at least one of the sensors detects roundness or flatness over at least one revolution of the workpiece disk. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß aus den Ausgangssignalen der Sensoren eine Mittelwertkurve gebildet wird und die Zustellung der Werkzeugscheibe bzw. der Antrieb der Werkzeugscheibe bzw. der Werkstückscheibe gestoppt wird, wenn die Mittelwertkurve annähernd konstant ist.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that an average value curve is formed from the output signals of the sensors and the infeed of the tool disk or the drive of the tool disk or the workpiece disk is stopped when the average value curve is approximately constant. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorschubgeschwindigkeit bzw. die Zustellung der Werkzeugscheibe während des Eingriffs mit der Werkstückscheibe in Abhängigkeit von der Höhe des Körperschallsignalpegels geregelt bzw. gesteuert wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed speed or the infeed of the tool disk during the engagement with the workpiece disk is regulated or controlled as a function of the level of the structure-borne noise signal level. Schleifvorrichtung zum Bearbeiten eines ringförmigen CBN- oder Diamantbelags von Schleifscheiben am Umfang und/oder an der Stirnseite, insbesondere zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, mit mindestens einer Werkzeugschleifscheibe, insbesondere mit einem Belag aus SiC, die von einem ersten Antriebsmotor drehend antreibbar ist und deren Halterung mit mindestens einem zweiten Antrieb auf die Werkstückscheibe zu oder von dieser fort verfahrbar ist, einer Aufnahme für die drehbare Lagerung der Werkstückscheibe, einem dritten Antrieb zur Drehung der Werkstückscheibe über eine Spindel, mindestens zwei der Spindel zugeordneten Ultraschallsensoren, einer Auswertevorrichtung für die Ausgangssignale der Ultraschallsensoren und einer Steuervorrichtung für die Antriebsmotoren zwecks Steuerung nach Maßgabe der Ausgangssignale der Ultraschallsensoren.Grinding device for machining an annular CBN or diamond coating of grinding wheels on the circumference and / or on the end face, in particular for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3, with at least one tool grinding wheel, in particular with a coating made of SiC, by a first drive motor is rotatably drivable and its holder can be moved towards or away from the workpiece disk with at least a second drive, a receptacle for the rotatable mounting of the workpiece disk, a third drive for rotating the workpiece disk Via a spindle, at least two ultrasound sensors assigned to the spindle, an evaluation device for the output signals of the ultrasound sensors and a control device for the drive motors for the purpose of control in accordance with the output signals of the ultrasound sensors.
EP97102464A 1996-05-24 1997-02-15 Method and apparatus for dressing the CBN or diamond ring layer of a grinding wheel Expired - Lifetime EP0808693B1 (en)

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DE19620972A DE19620972A1 (en) 1996-05-24 1996-05-24 Method and device for processing an annular CBN or diamond coating of grinding wheels
DE19620972 1996-05-24

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DK0808693T3 (en) 2002-03-04
EP0808693B1 (en) 2001-12-05
US5885132A (en) 1999-03-23
DE59705615D1 (en) 2002-01-17
ATE210002T1 (en) 2001-12-15
DE19620972A1 (en) 1997-11-27

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