EP0808085B1 - High frequency operating circuit with improved electromagnetic compatibility for low pressure discharge lamps - Google Patents
High frequency operating circuit with improved electromagnetic compatibility for low pressure discharge lamps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0808085B1 EP0808085B1 EP97107207A EP97107207A EP0808085B1 EP 0808085 B1 EP0808085 B1 EP 0808085B1 EP 97107207 A EP97107207 A EP 97107207A EP 97107207 A EP97107207 A EP 97107207A EP 0808085 B1 EP0808085 B1 EP 0808085B1
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- Prior art keywords
- capacitor
- push
- frequency generator
- pump
- diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/30—Driver circuits
- H05B45/355—Power factor correction [PFC]; Reactive power compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an operating circuit for one or more Discharge lamps that are operated with high-frequency power should.
- the high frequency operation of discharge lamps has besides the avoidance a line frequency modulation of the emitted light during mains operation the advantage of a significant increase in lamp efficiency.
- Ballasts are referred to C. H. Sturm and E. Klein “control gear and circuits for electric lamps ", 6th edition 1992, Siemens AG, in particular Pages 121 to 137, as well as on W. Hirschmann “Electronics Circuits", 1982, Siemens AG, pages 147 and 148.
- the invention is based on a circuit for high-frequency operation at least one discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Fig. 1 shows the corresponding circuit structure, the above capacitors are designated there with C6 and CT2.
- the label the other components correspond to the reference symbols in the preamble of claim 1. To further describe this circuit is on referred to below the description of the invention, whose in Fig. 2 embodiment shown on the circuit shown in Fig. 1 builds up.
- the invention is based on the technical problem, the operating properties the circuit from the prior art with special consideration to further improve electromagnetic compatibility.
- a trapezoidal capacitor connected behind the pump capacitor, as described above has the advantage that the push-pull frequency generator instead with a parallel connection with a series connection of pump capacitor and trapezoidal capacitor is capacitively loaded.
- the switching relief of the transistors of the push-pull frequency generator is even more difficult to achieve the greater the capacity connected directly to its center tap is.
- trapezoidal capacitor used in this technical Naturalized area and denotes a generally relatively small one Capacitor, which is used for the temporal “damping" of recharging and potential jump processes serves that without it relatively “hard”, i.e. with very steep Potential-time edges would run through the trapezoidal capacitor however, get a beveled, trapezoidal potential-time form.
- connection point is between the two diodes across the pump capacitor with a point between connected to the center tap of the push-pull frequency generator Resonance inductance and the connection of the first lamp electrode connected.
- this pump branch is a trapezoidal capacitor assigned by this on the pump branch side at the connection point between the diodes is connected.
- connection point between the two diodes via the pump capacitor connected to the center tap of the push-pull frequency generator Analogous a trapezoidal capacitor is assigned to this pump branch, this on the pump branch side at the center tap between the diodes connected.
- a typical rating for the capacitance of the trapezoidal capacitor (s) can be one fifth to one twentieth, preferably one tenth the capacitance of the respective capacitor (s) in the corresponding Be pump branches.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a the preamble of Claim 1 forming circuit from the prior art.
- Fig. 2 shows the embodiment.
- the rectified voltage becomes about one described below Diodes D1 to D4 belonging to harmonic filters and via the between the plus and the minus line located in the figures above switched smoothing capacitor C4 a half bridge made of two bipolar transistors T1 and T2 fed. Together with one not shown Control transmitter for controlling the bases of T1 and T2 is therefore a Push-pull frequency generator formed, which, to put it graphically, the potential the center tap between the transistors alternately to the potential the plus and the minus line pushes. For the sake of clarity are not essential circuit parts in the figures for the principle of the invention omitted, such as the tax transmitter, which is still below mentioned starting circuit, ballast resistors u. Like ..
- the control transmitter is, in particular, in the documents cited at the beginning also at C.H. Sturm and E. Klein and with W. Hirschmann, described and consists essentially of a primary winding in series with one on the Center tap between the transistors T1 and T2 connected resonance inductance L1 and two secondary windings wound in opposite directions in the drive circuits to the bases of the transistors.
- the saturation inductance is designed so that there are short breaks between the line periods of the two transistors T1 and T2 result.
- the starting circuit consists essentially of a capacitor, which is at the forward voltage of a DIAC through it into one of the transistor bases discharges and is also described in the cited writings.
- the transistors are each with freewheeling diodes parallel to the switching path Clear the space charges in the transistors in the blocked state.
- a series connection of the resonance inductance L1 Between the center tap and the lower (i.e. minus) outside tap of the Push-pull frequency generator is a series connection of the resonance inductance L1, a low pressure discharge lamp, i.e. their discharge route, and a coupling capacitor C5 connected for DC isolation.
- the Diode forward direction of the direct current direction from the mains rectifier corresponds.
- a center tap of the diode series connection D1 and D2 on the one hand and a connection point between the resonance inductance L1 and the corresponding terminal of the lamp on the other hand is one Pump capacitor C1 switched, with which a first pump branch of a harmonic filter is formed.
- a second pump branch is correspondingly made of the diodes D3 and D4 and that between their center tap and the center tap of the Push-pull frequency generator switched pump capacitor C2 formed.
- the pump branch D1, D2, C1 engages a high-frequency potential between L1 and the lamp leads through the capacitor C1 a conversion into one Pump current through and supplemented with this rectified by the diodes D1 and D2 Current the voltage UG to voltage E.
- the other pump branches D3, D4, C2 using the potential at the center tap the transistor bridge.
- Task of this harmonic filter with branches D1, D2, C1 and D3, D4, C2 is opposed to one by returning energy to the smoothing capacitor C4 of the voltage UG at the support capacitor C3 is the smoothest possible voltage E and generate a sinusoidal mains current consumption as possible of the mains rectifier.
- the electromagnetic Compatibility not only with regard to the feedback into the DC voltage source, so here via the rectifier circuit into the network, optimized be, but also in terms of electromagnetic radiation. To further Details are referred to the cited publications, in particular to EP 0 253 224 B1.
- the lower connection of the capacitor CT2 is, so to speak shifted, namely behind the pump capacitor C2, so that the capacitor 2 between the center tap between D3 and D4 on the one hand and the upper positive line, i.e. the upper external tap of the push-pull frequency generator on the other hand. It therefore forms a trapezoidal capacitor in series with C2 for the push-pull frequency generator and also a trapezoidal capacitor for the pump branch D3, D4, C2.
- C6 parallel lamp resonance capacitor is according to the invention in the same way behind a pump capacitor, namely behind that of the other pump branch, C1, shifted. There it is shown in Fig. 2 and designated CT1.
- the lamp-parallel resonance capacitor C6 mentally omits, there is also only a diode, transistors and the lamp with the potential ultimately defined by the network "Frame" of the circuit connected circuit part from L1, C1, CT2 and C2. This results in short periods in which none of the semiconductor devices conducts, a "free floating" (quasi floating) state of this circuit part, which leads to sharp potential jumps when the circuit part, so to speak is caught again (so-called "chatter").
- they work Capacitors CT1 and CT2 in Fig. 2, one of the two, again as trapezoidal capacitors and thus improve the electromagnetic Compatibility of the overall circuit.
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- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Betriebsschaltung für eine oder mehrere Entladungslampen, die mit einer Hochfrequenzleistung betrieben werden sollen. Der Hochfrequenzbetrieb von Entladungslampen hat neben der Vermeidung einer netzfrequenten Modulation des abgestrahlten Lichtes bei Netzbetrieb den Vorteil einer deutlichen Wirkungsgradsteigerung der Lampe. Für eine Einführung in den grundsätzlichen Schaltungsaufbau entsprechender Vorschaltgeräte wird verwiesen auf C. H. Sturm und E. Klein "Betriebsgeräte und Schaltungen für elektrische Lampen", 6. Auflage 1992, Siemens AG, insbesondere Seiten 121 bis 137, sowie auf W. Hirschmann "Elektronikschaltungen", 1982, Siemens AG, Seiten 147 und 148.The present invention relates to an operating circuit for one or more Discharge lamps that are operated with high-frequency power should. The high frequency operation of discharge lamps has besides the avoidance a line frequency modulation of the emitted light during mains operation the advantage of a significant increase in lamp efficiency. For an introduction to the basic circuit structure accordingly Ballasts are referred to C. H. Sturm and E. Klein "control gear and circuits for electric lamps ", 6th edition 1992, Siemens AG, in particular Pages 121 to 137, as well as on W. Hirschmann "Electronics Circuits", 1982, Siemens AG, pages 147 and 148.
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Schaltung zum hochfrequenten Betrieb zumindest einer Entladungslampe gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention is based on a circuit for high-frequency operation at least one discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine Schaltung der genannten Art zeigt die EP 0 253 224 B1, von der die Erfindung abgegrenzt ist.A circuit of the type mentioned is shown in EP 0 253 224 B1, of which the invention is delimited.
Diese Schaltung aus dem Stand der Technik weist über die genannten Komponenten hinaus einen zur Lampe direkt parallel geschalteten Resonanzkondensator für die Lampenzündung sowie einen zwischen den Mittenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators und den Mittenabgriff zwischen den Dioden eines der Pumpzweige geschalteten Kondensator auf (dort mit C6 bzw. C7 bezeichnet). Fig. 1 zeigt den entsprechenden Schaltungsaufbau, wobei die obigen Kondensatoren dort mit C6 bzw. CT2 bezeichnet sind. Die Bezeichnung der übrigen Komponenten entspricht den Bezugszeichen im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Zur weiteren Beschreibung dieser Schaltung wird auf die weiter unten folgende Beschreibung der Erfindung verwiesen, deren in Fig. 2 gezeigtes Ausführungsbeispiel auf der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Schaltung aufbaut.This circuit from the prior art has the components mentioned In addition, a resonance capacitor connected directly in parallel to the lamp for the lamp ignition and one between the center tap of the push-pull frequency generator and the center tap between the diodes one of the pump branches connected capacitor (there with C6 or Designated C7). Fig. 1 shows the corresponding circuit structure, the above capacitors are designated there with C6 and CT2. The label the other components correspond to the reference symbols in the preamble of claim 1. To further describe this circuit is on referred to below the description of the invention, whose in Fig. 2 embodiment shown on the circuit shown in Fig. 1 builds up.
Elektronische Vorschaltgeräte für mit Hochfrequenz betriebene Lampen zeigen generell hochfrequente Rückkopplungen auf das Netz (bei Netzbetrieb) oder eine andere Spannungsquelle sowie eine hochfrequente elektromagnetische Abstrahlung. Die Empfindlichkeit anderer elektronischer Einrichtungen und die wachsende Dichte solcher Einrichtungen in der unmittelbaren Betriebsumgebung elektronischer Vorschaltgeräte für Lampen stellen jedoch ständig steigende Anforderungen an die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit eines elektronischen Vorschaltgeräts als potentieller Hochfrequenzstörungsquelle. Es wird verwiesen auf C.H. Sturm und E. Klein (a.a.O., S.122 ff).Show electronic ballasts for high frequency lamps generally high-frequency feedback on the network (during network operation) or another voltage source as well as a high-frequency electromagnetic Radiation. The sensitivity of other electronic devices and the growing density of such facilities in the immediate operating environment electronic ballasts for lamps, however ever increasing demands on electromagnetic compatibility of an electronic ballast as a potential high-frequency interference source. Reference is made to C.H. Sturm and E. Klein (op. Cit., P.122 ff).
Der Erfindung liegt das technische Problem zugrunde, die Betriebseigenschaften der Schaltung aus dem Stand der Technik unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit weiter zu verbessern.The invention is based on the technical problem, the operating properties the circuit from the prior art with special consideration to further improve electromagnetic compatibility.
Dieses Problem wird gelöst durch eine Schaltung der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs
1 beschriebenen Art, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist,
Ein - wie oben beschrieben - hinter den Pumpkondensator geschalteter Trapezkondensator hat den Vorteil, dass der Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator statt mit einer Parallelschaltung mit einer Reihenschaltung aus Pumpkondensator und Trapezkondensator kapazitiv belastet ist. Die Schaltentlastung der Transistoren des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators ist nämlich umso schwerer zu erreichen, je größer die direkt an seinem Mittenabgriff angeschlossene Kapazität ist.A trapezoidal capacitor connected behind the pump capacitor, as described above has the advantage that the push-pull frequency generator instead with a parallel connection with a series connection of pump capacitor and trapezoidal capacitor is capacitively loaded. The switching relief of the transistors of the push-pull frequency generator is even more difficult to achieve the greater the capacity connected directly to its center tap is.
Wenn also gleichzeitig mit der obigen Trapezkondensatorschaltung der konventionelle parallelgeschaltete Trapezkondensator weggelassen wird, wird der Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator erst bei größeren Kapazitätswerten der Kondensatoren kapazitiv überlastet. Der Vorteil liegt folglich darin, dass der Pumpkondensator zugunsten der Pumpleistung des Pumpzweiges und der Trapezkondensator größer gewählt werden können. Da der Pumpzweig des Oberwellenfilters bei Netzbetrieb die Sinusförmigkeit der Netzstromaufnahme verbessert, kommt auch der erste Punkt der elektromagnetischen Verträglichkeit zugute.So if the conventional one simultaneously with the above trapezoidal capacitor circuit parallel trapezoidal capacitor is omitted the push-pull frequency generator only with larger capacitance values Capacitors overloaded capacitively. The advantage is therefore that Pump capacitor in favor of the pump power of the pump branch and the Trapezoidal capacitor can be chosen larger. Since the pump branch of the Harmonic filter in mains operation, the sinusoidal shape of the mains current consumption improved, the first point of electromagnetic compatibility also comes benefit.
Ferner kann durch den erfindungsgemäß geschalteten Trapezkondensator ein lampenparalleler kapazitiver Pfad zur Lampenzündung durch Resonanzspannungsamplituden geschlossen werden, so dass der konventionelle lampenparallele Resonanzkondensator entfallen kann. Daraus folgt eine deutliche Verminderung der Strombelastung des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators um den Hochfrequenzstrom durch den vormaligen Resonanzkondensator.Furthermore, by the trapezoidal capacitor switched according to the invention a capacitive path parallel to the lamp for lamp ignition by resonance voltage amplitudes be closed so that the conventional lamp parallel Resonance capacitor can be omitted. From this follows a clear one Reduction of the current load of the push-pull frequency generator by the high-frequency current through the former resonance capacitor.
Darüber hinaus ergibt die kapazitive Kopplung eines Anschlusspunktes innerhalb des entsprechenden Pumpzweiges mit dem Außenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators eine im Stand der Technik bislang nicht vorgesehene Entstörung des Pumpzweiges.In addition, the capacitive coupling of a connection point within of the corresponding pump branch with the external tap of the push-pull frequency generator one not previously provided in the prior art Interference suppression of the pump branch.
Insgesamt können also durch Verschiebung eines oder mehrerer Kondensatoren hinter den oder die Pumpkondensatoren gegenüber einer konventionellen Schaltung vielfältige Verbesserungen der Betriebseigenschaften erreicht werden. Overall, therefore, by moving one or more capacitors behind the pump capacitor or capacitors versus a conventional one Circuit achieved various improvements in operating properties become.
Der hier verwendete Begriff "Trapezkondensator" hat sich in diesem technischen Gebiet eingebürgert und bezeichnet einen im allgemeinen relativ kleinen Kondensator, der zur zeitlichen "Abdämpfung" von Umlade- und Potentialsprungvorgängen dient, die ohne ihn relativ "hart", d.h. mit sehr steilen Potential-Zeit-Flanken verlaufen würden, durch den Trapezkondensator jedoch eine abgeschrägte, trapezartige Potential-Zeit-Form erhalten.The term "trapezoidal capacitor" used in this technical Naturalized area and denotes a generally relatively small one Capacitor, which is used for the temporal "damping" of recharging and potential jump processes serves that without it relatively "hard", i.e. with very steep Potential-time edges would run through the trapezoidal capacitor however, get a beveled, trapezoidal potential-time form.
Ein vorteilhaftes und wichtiges Anwendungsgebiet findet die erfindungsgemäße Schaltung insbesondere bei Niederdruckentladungslampen.An advantageous and important field of application is found in the invention Circuit in particular for low-pressure discharge lamps.
Üblicherweise werden die der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden elektronischen Vorschaltgeräte über einen Netzgleichrichter am Wechselstromnetz betrieben. Dabei ergeben sich aus dem obigen erhebliche Vorteile hinsichtlich der Hochfrequenzbeeinträchtigung anderer aus dem Netz versorgter Geräte durch Leitungsübertragung.Usually the electronic on which the invention is based Ballasts operated via a mains rectifier on the AC mains. This gives significant advantages in terms of Radio frequency interference with other devices supplied from the network through line transmission.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist der Anschlusspunkt zwischen den beiden Dioden über den Pumpkondensator mit einem Punkt zwischen der an dem Mittenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators angeschlossenen Resonanzinduktivität und dem Anschluss der ersten Lampenelektrode verbunden. Diesem Pumpzweig ist erfindungsgemäß ein Trapezkondensator zugeordnet, indem dieser pumpzweigseitig an dem Anschlusspunkt zwischen den Dioden angeschlossen ist.According to an advantageous embodiment, the connection point is between the two diodes across the pump capacitor with a point between connected to the center tap of the push-pull frequency generator Resonance inductance and the connection of the first lamp electrode connected. According to the invention, this pump branch is a trapezoidal capacitor assigned by this on the pump branch side at the connection point between the diodes is connected.
Nach einer anderen oder zusätzlichen vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist der Anschlusspunkt zwischen den beiden Dioden über den Pumpkondensator mit dem Mittenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators verbunden. Analog ist diesem Pumpzweig erfindungsgemäß ein Trapezkondensator zugeordnet, wobei dieser pumpzweigseitig an dem Mittenabgriff zwischen den Dioden angeschlossen ist. According to another or additional advantageous embodiment, the Connection point between the two diodes via the pump capacitor connected to the center tap of the push-pull frequency generator. Analogous a trapezoidal capacitor is assigned to this pump branch, this on the pump branch side at the center tap between the diodes connected.
Eine typische Bemessung für die Kapazität des oder der Trapezkondensatoren kann jeweils ein Fünftel bis ein Zwanzigstel, vorzugsweise ein Zehntel der Kapazität des bzw. der jeweiligen Kondensatoren in den entsprechenden Pumpzweigen sein.A typical rating for the capacitance of the trapezoidal capacitor (s) can be one fifth to one twentieth, preferably one tenth the capacitance of the respective capacitor (s) in the corresponding Be pump branches.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Zur besseren Verständlichkeit wird dabei auch auf den eingangs bereits erwähnten Stand der Technik eingegangen.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment explained. For better comprehensibility, reference is also made to the entry already mentioned state of the art.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein schematisches Schaltungsdiagramm einer den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bildenden Schaltung aus dem Stand der Technik.Fig. 1 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a the preamble of Claim 1 forming circuit from the prior art.
Fig. 2 zeigt das Ausführungsbeispiel.Fig. 2 shows the embodiment.
In beiden Fällen ist als Gleichspannungsquelle ein durch die Diodenbrücke dargestellter Netzgleichrichter gezeigt. An dem Stützkondensator C3 liegt eine mit 100 Hz durchmodulierte gleichgerichtete Spannung an, allgemein eine beliebige Spannung mit Gleichspannungsanteil.In both cases there is a direct voltage source through the diode bridge shown mains rectifier. Is on the support capacitor C3 a rectified voltage modulated at 100 Hz, generally any voltage with a DC component.
Die gleichgerichtete Spannung wird über zu einem weiter unten beschriebenen Oberwellenfilter gehörende Dioden D1 bis D4 und über den zwischen die in den Figuren obenliegende Plus- und die untenliegende Minusleitung geschalteten Glättungskondensator C4 einer Halbbrücke aus zwei Bipolartransistoren T1 und T2 zugeführt. Zusammen mit einem nicht gezeigten Steuerübertrager zur Ansteuerung der Basen von T1 und T2 ist dadurch ein Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator gebildet, der, anschaulich gesagt, das Potential des Mittenabgriffs zwischen den Transistoren alternierend auf das Potential der Plus- und das der Minusleitung schiebt. Der Übersichtlichkeit halber sind in den Figuren für das Prinzip der Erfindung nicht wesentliche Schaltungsteile weggelassen, etwa der Steuerübertrager, die weiter unten noch erwähnte Startschaltung, Vorschaltwiderstände u. dgl.. The rectified voltage becomes about one described below Diodes D1 to D4 belonging to harmonic filters and via the between the plus and the minus line located in the figures above switched smoothing capacitor C4 a half bridge made of two bipolar transistors T1 and T2 fed. Together with one not shown Control transmitter for controlling the bases of T1 and T2 is therefore a Push-pull frequency generator formed, which, to put it graphically, the potential the center tap between the transistors alternately to the potential the plus and the minus line pushes. For the sake of clarity are not essential circuit parts in the figures for the principle of the invention omitted, such as the tax transmitter, which is still below mentioned starting circuit, ballast resistors u. Like ..
Der Steuerübertrager ist in den eingangs zitierten Schriften, insbesondere auch bei C.H. Sturm und E. Klein und bei W. Hirschmann, beschrieben und besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Primärwicklung in Reihe mit einer an dem Mittenabgriff zwischen den Transistoren T1 und T2 angeschlossenen Resonanzinduktivität L1 und zwei zueinander gegensinnig gewickelten Sekundärwicklungen in den Ansteuerschaltungen zu den Basen der Transistoren. Die Sättigungsinduktivität ist so ausgelegt, daß sich kurze Schaltpausen zwischen den Leitungsperioden der beiden Transistoren T1 und T2 ergeben.The control transmitter is, in particular, in the documents cited at the beginning also at C.H. Sturm and E. Klein and with W. Hirschmann, described and consists essentially of a primary winding in series with one on the Center tap between the transistors T1 and T2 connected resonance inductance L1 and two secondary windings wound in opposite directions in the drive circuits to the bases of the transistors. The saturation inductance is designed so that there are short breaks between the line periods of the two transistors T1 and T2 result.
Die Startschaltung besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Kondensator, der sich bei der Durchlaßspannung eines DIAC durch diesen in eine der Transistorbasen entlädt und ist gleichfalls in den zitierten Schriften beschrieben.The starting circuit consists essentially of a capacitor, which is at the forward voltage of a DIAC through it into one of the transistor bases discharges and is also described in the cited writings.
Die Transistoren sind jeweils mit Freilaufdioden parallel zur Schaltstrecke zum Ausräumen der Raumladungen in den Transistoren im Sperrzustand versehen.The transistors are each with freewheeling diodes parallel to the switching path Clear the space charges in the transistors in the blocked state.
Zwischen den Mittenabgriff und den unteren (also Minus-) Außenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators ist eine Reihenschaltung aus der Resonanzinduktivität L1, einer Niederdruckentladungslampe, d.h. ihrer Entladungsstrecke, und eines Kopplungskondensators C5 zur Gleichstromtrennung geschaltet.Between the center tap and the lower (i.e. minus) outside tap of the Push-pull frequency generator is a series connection of the resonance inductance L1, a low pressure discharge lamp, i.e. their discharge route, and a coupling capacitor C5 connected for DC isolation.
Zwischen den Plusanschluß des Stützkondensators C3 und den Plusanschluß des Glättungskondensators C4 ist eine Parallelschaltung zweier Reihenschaltungen jeweils zweier Dioden D1 und D2 bzw. D3 und D4 geschaltet, wobei die Diodendurchlaßrichtung jeweils der Gleichstromrichtung aus dem Netzgleichrichter entspricht. Zwischen einen Mittenabgriff der Diodenreihenschaltung aus D1 und D2 einerseits und einen Anschlußpunkt zwischen der Resonanzinduktivität L1 und dem entsprechenden Anschluß der Lampe andererseits ist ein Pumpkondensator C1 geschaltet, womit ein erster Pumpzweig eines Oberwellenfilters gebildet ist. Entsprechend ist ein zweiter Pumpzweig aus den Dioden D3 und D4 und dem zwischen ihren Mittenabgriff und den Mittenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators geschalteten Pumpkondensator C2 gebildet.Between the positive connection of the support capacitor C3 and the positive connection of the smoothing capacitor C4 is a parallel connection of two series connections each connected to two diodes D1 and D2 or D3 and D4, the Diode forward direction of the direct current direction from the mains rectifier corresponds. Between a center tap of the diode series connection D1 and D2 on the one hand and a connection point between the resonance inductance L1 and the corresponding terminal of the lamp on the other hand is one Pump capacitor C1 switched, with which a first pump branch of a harmonic filter is formed. A second pump branch is correspondingly made of the diodes D3 and D4 and that between their center tap and the center tap of the Push-pull frequency generator switched pump capacitor C2 formed.
Der Pumpzweig D1, D2, C1 greift zwischen L1 und der Lampe ein Hochfrequenzpotential ab, führt über den Kondensator C1 eine Umwandlung in einen Pumpstrom durch und ergänzt mit diesem durch die Dioden D1 und D2 gleichgerichteten Strom die Spannung UG zur Spannung E. Entsprechend arbeitet der andere Pumpzweig D3, D4, C2 unter Verwendung des Potentials am Mittenabgriff der Transistorbrücke.The pump branch D1, D2, C1 engages a high-frequency potential between L1 and the lamp leads through the capacitor C1 a conversion into one Pump current through and supplemented with this rectified by the diodes D1 and D2 Current the voltage UG to voltage E. The other pump branches D3, D4, C2 using the potential at the center tap the transistor bridge.
Aufgabe dieses Oberwellenfilters mit den Zweigen D1, D2, C1 und D3, D4, C2 ist es, durch Energierückführung zu dem Glättungskondensator C4 eine gegenüber der Spannung UG an dem Stützkondensator C3 möglichst geglättete Spannung E zu erzeugen und dabei eine möglichst sinusförmige Netzstromaufnahme des Netzgleichrichters sicherzustellen. Dabei soll die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit nicht nur hinsichtlich der Rückkopplung in die Gleichspannungsquelle, hier also über die Gleichrichterschaltung in das Netz, optimiert sein, sondern auch hinsichtlich der elektromagnetischen Abstrahlung. Zu weiteren Einzelheiten wird verwiesen auf die zitierten Druckschriften, insbesondere auf die EP 0 253 224 B1.Task of this harmonic filter with branches D1, D2, C1 and D3, D4, C2 is opposed to one by returning energy to the smoothing capacitor C4 of the voltage UG at the support capacitor C3 is the smoothest possible voltage E and generate a sinusoidal mains current consumption as possible of the mains rectifier. The electromagnetic Compatibility not only with regard to the feedback into the DC voltage source, so here via the rectifier circuit into the network, optimized be, but also in terms of electromagnetic radiation. To further Details are referred to the cited publications, in particular to EP 0 253 224 B1.
In der in diesem Stand der Technik beschriebenen Schaltung liegt zwischen dem Mittenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators und dem Mittenabgriff zwischen den Dioden D1 und D2 ein hier in Fig. 1 mit CT2 und in dem genannten Dokument mit C7 bezeichneter Kondensator, der eine zusätzliche kapazitive Belastung der Transistorbrücke T1 - T2 darstellt. Das würde auch für einen konventionellen Trapezkondensator des Transistors T1 parallel zur Diode D5 oder jede entsprechende kapazitive Kopplung gelten, die an dem Mittenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators angreift.In the circuit described in this prior art lies between the Center tap of the push-pull frequency generator and the center tap between the diodes D1 and D2 here in Fig. 1 with CT2 and in the above Document labeled C7, which has an additional capacitive Represents load on the transistor bridge T1 - T2. That would also be for a conventional one Trapezoidal capacitor of transistor T1 in parallel with diode D5 or apply any corresponding capacitive coupling that is connected to the center tap of the Push-pull frequency generator attacks.
Erfindungsgemäß wird der untere Anschluß des Kondensators CT2 sozusagen
verschoben, und zwar hinter den Pumpkondensator C2, so daß der Kondensator
in der Fig. 2 zwischen dem Mittenabgriff zwischen D3 und D4 einerseits und
der oberen Plusleitung, also dem oberen Außenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators
andererseits liegt. Er bildet somit in Reihe mit C2 einen Trapezkondensator
für den Gegentaktfrequenzgenerator und darüber hinaus einen Trapezkondensator
für den Pumpzweig D3, D4, C2. According to the invention, the lower connection of the capacitor CT2 is, so to speak
shifted, namely behind the pump capacitor C2, so that the
Der im genannten Stand der Technik ebenfalls vorgesehene und dort und in der Fig. 1 mit C6 bezeichnete lampenparallele Resonanzkondensator wird erfindungsgemäß in gleicher Weise hinter einen Pumpkondensator, und zwar hinter den des anderen Pumpzweiges, C1, verschoben. Dort ist er in Fig. 2 gezeigt und mit CT1 bezeichnet.The also provided in the mentioned prior art and there and in the Fig. 1 designated C6 parallel lamp resonance capacitor is according to the invention in the same way behind a pump capacitor, namely behind that of the other pump branch, C1, shifted. There it is shown in Fig. 2 and designated CT1.
Genauer liegt er zwischen dem Mittenabgriff zwischen D1 und D2 einerseits und der unteren Minusleitung, also dem unteren Außenabgriff des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators, andererseits. Er schließt somit eine lampenparallele kapazitive Strecke von L1 aus über C1, CT1 und C5 zur Resonanzzündung der Lampe. Ferner dient er als Trapezkondensator für den Pumpzweig D1, D2, C1. Es ist auch unmittelbar einsichtig, daß durch die erfindungsgemäße Verschiebung die Strombelastung des Gegentaktfrequenzgenerators an dem lampenseitigen Anschluß der Resonanzinduktivität L1 um den Hochfrequenzstrom durch C6 (aus Fig. 1) vermindert wird.More precisely, it lies between the center tap between D1 and D2 on the one hand and the lower negative line, i.e. the lower external tap of the push-pull frequency generator, on the other hand. It thus closes a capacitive parallel to the lamp Route from L1 via C1, CT1 and C5 for resonance ignition of the lamp. It also serves as a trapezoidal capacitor for the pump branch D1, D2, C1. It is also immediately obvious that the shift according to the invention Current load of the push-pull frequency generator at the lamp-side connection the resonance inductance L1 around the high-frequency current through C6 (from Fig. 1) is reduced.
Wenn man in der Schaltung in Fig. 1 den lampenparallelen Resonanzkondensator C6 gedanklich wegläßt, ergibt sich ferner ein nur durch Dioden, Transistoren und die Lampe mit dem im Potential letztlich durch das Netz definierten "Rahmen" der Schaltung verbundener Schaltungsteil aus L1, C1, CT2 und C2. Dadurch ergibt sich für kurze Zeiten, in denen keines der Halbleiterbauelemente leitet, ein "frei floatender" (quasi erdfreier) Zustand dieses Schaltungsteils, was zu scharfen Potentialsprüngen führt, wenn der Schaltungsteil sozusagen wieder eingefangen wird (sogenanntes "Schnattern"). Diesbezüglich wirken die Kondensatoren CT1 und CT2 in Fig. 2, und zwar bereits einer von beiden, wiederum als Trapezkondensatoren und verbessern damit die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit der Gesamtschaltung.If one in the circuit in Fig. 1, the lamp-parallel resonance capacitor C6 mentally omits, there is also only a diode, transistors and the lamp with the potential ultimately defined by the network "Frame" of the circuit connected circuit part from L1, C1, CT2 and C2. This results in short periods in which none of the semiconductor devices conducts, a "free floating" (quasi floating) state of this circuit part, which leads to sharp potential jumps when the circuit part, so to speak is caught again (so-called "chatter"). In this regard, they work Capacitors CT1 and CT2 in Fig. 2, one of the two, again as trapezoidal capacitors and thus improve the electromagnetic Compatibility of the overall circuit.
Eine typische Dimensionierung des gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels ist wie
folgt: C4 liegt bei einigen Mikrofarad; C3 ist um den Faktor 20 bis 30 kleiner; C5
ist wiederum um den Faktor 5 bis 10 kleiner als C3; C1 und C2 sind um den
Faktor 30 bis 70 kleiner als C3, betragen also einige Nanofarad; CT1 und CT2
wiederum sind etwa um den Faktor 10 kleiner als C1 bzw. C2; die Induktivität
L1 hängt von der Lampe ab und beträgt einige Mikrohenry. Also z.B:
Claims (6)
- Circuit for high-frequency operation of at least one discharge lamp, having:characterized in thata capacitively (C3) supported mains rectifier,a push-pull frequency generator which is connected to the mains rectifier and has a centre tap for a first lamp electrode, to be connected via a resonance inductor (L1) and has two external taps, of which one is provided for the other lamp electrode,a smoothing capacitor (C4) between the external taps of the push-pull frequency generator, andan active harmonic filter having at least one capacitive pump path with a series circuit composed of two diodes (D1, D2; D3, D4) between a terminal of the back-up capacitor (C3) of the mains rectifier and an external tap of the push-pull frequency generator, the conducting direction of the diodes corresponding to the mains rectifier polarity, and having at least one pump capacitor (C1; C2) for feeding back energy to the smoothing capacitor (C4) from a lamp-side connecting point between the centre tap of the push-pull frequency generator and/or the connection between the resonance inductor (L1) and the first lamp electrode, and having a connecting point between the two diodes (D1, D2; D3, D4)a trapezoidal capacitor (CT1; CT2) is provided between the connecting point between the two diodes (D1, D2; D3, D4) and one of the external taps of the push-pull frequency generator, and thusthe pump capacitor or capacitors (C1; C2) of the pump path or paths are the sole capacitors connected and in a fashion producing a purely capacitive load, to the centre tap of the push-pull frequency generator and/or to the connection between the resonance inductor and the first lamp electrode.
- Circuit according to Claim 1, in which the discharge lamp is a low-pressure discharge lamp.
- Circuit according to Claim 1, in which the connecting point between the two diodes (D1, D2) is connected via the capacitor (C1) to a point between the resonance inductor (L1), connected to the centre tap of the push-pull frequency generator, and the terminal of the first lamp electrode, and a trapezoidal capacitor (CT1) is assigned to this pump path.
- Circuit according to Claim 1, in which the connecting point between the two diodes (D3, D4) is connected via the capacitor (C2) to the centre tap of the push-pull frequency generator, and this pump path is assigned a trapezoidal capacitor (CT2).
- Circuit according to one of the preceding claims having two pump paths, in which each pump path is assigned a trapezoidal capacitor (CT1, CT2).
- Circuit according to one of the preceding claims, in which the trapezoidal capacitor or capacitors a(CT1; CT2) has/have in each case approximately a tenth of the capacitance of the respective capacitor or capacitors (C1; C2) in the corresponding pump paths.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19619581 | 1996-05-15 | ||
| DE19619581A DE19619581A1 (en) | 1996-05-15 | 1996-05-15 | High-frequency operating circuit for a low-pressure discharge lamp with improved electromagnetic compatibility |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0808085A2 EP0808085A2 (en) | 1997-11-19 |
| EP0808085A3 EP0808085A3 (en) | 1998-11-18 |
| EP0808085B1 true EP0808085B1 (en) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=7794388
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97107207A Expired - Lifetime EP0808085B1 (en) | 1996-05-15 | 1997-04-30 | High frequency operating circuit with improved electromagnetic compatibility for low pressure discharge lamps |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5880564A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0808085B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2205344C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19619581A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19725645A1 (en) * | 1997-06-18 | 1998-12-24 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Pump support throttle |
| IT1296492B1 (en) | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-25 | Whirlpool Co | SYSTEM TO INDICATE THE RESIDUAL HEAT OF THE GRIDS OF DOMESTIC GAS COOKING APPLIANCES |
| US6137234A (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2000-10-24 | U.S. Philips Corporation | Circuit arrangement |
| US6356034B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2002-03-12 | Regal King Manufacturing Limited | Low voltage discharge lamp power supply |
| CN1190110C (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2005-02-16 | 马士科技有限公司 | Output circuit of electronic ballast of fluorescent lamp |
| US7002301B2 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2006-02-21 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Apparatus and methods for making capacitive measurements of cathode fall in fluorescent lamps |
| TWI281364B (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2007-05-11 | Delta Electronics Inc | Electronic ballast |
| DE102004045514A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-30 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Circuit arrangement for operating at least one light source |
| US7863827B2 (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2011-01-04 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Ceramic metal halide lamp bi-modal power regulation control |
| CN101466191B (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2012-07-04 | 王家诚 | High-frequency electronic frequency changer of high-power parallel connection selfexciting electrodeless florescent lamp |
| CN103491694B (en) * | 2013-08-27 | 2016-03-09 | 钟海停 | Module special for fluorescent lamp energy conservation |
| RU194944U1 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-30 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение "Петербургский институт ядерной физики им. Б.П. Константинова Национального исследовательского центра "Курчатовский институт" (НИЦ "Курчатовский институт" - ПИЯФ) | KEY TWO-STAGE HARMONIC OSCILLATION GENERATOR |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3623749A1 (en) * | 1986-07-14 | 1988-01-21 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMPS |
| US6118225A (en) * | 1994-08-22 | 2000-09-12 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High frequency discharge lamp operating circuit with resonant power factor correction circuit |
-
1996
- 1996-05-15 DE DE19619581A patent/DE19619581A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-04-30 DE DE59705440T patent/DE59705440D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-04-30 EP EP97107207A patent/EP0808085B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-09 US US08/853,997 patent/US5880564A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-14 CA CA002205344A patent/CA2205344C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0808085A3 (en) | 1998-11-18 |
| CA2205344A1 (en) | 1997-11-15 |
| DE59705440D1 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
| DE19619581A1 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
| EP0808085A2 (en) | 1997-11-19 |
| CA2205344C (en) | 2004-09-28 |
| US5880564A (en) | 1999-03-09 |
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