EP0801407A2 - Single or multiphase vacuum switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The vacuum switch has a vacuum chamber (32) for each phase , an operating drive (16) and an associated control device (23). The vacuum chamber and the incoming and outgoing lines (42,45) for the latter are embedded in an insulating housing (47) with the exception of part of one end face (38) of the vacuum chamber through which the contact rod (31) for the movable contact piece projects. Each insulating housing is secured to the horizontal limb (15) of a L-shaped drive housing (10), to form a U configuration with the open end facing vertically upwards.

Description

The invention relates to a single-phase or multi-phase vacuum switch, with one vacuum chamber per phase, a drive actuating the vacuum chamber and a control device for the drive.

A vacuum switch of the type mentioned at the outset has become known, for example, from the prospectus of ABB Calor Emag Schaltanlagen AG, metal-encapsulated, gasiolated switchgear, type ZX1, publication no. DEACE 2043 95 D. There is an enclosed, gas-filled room inside the switch panel, in which the vacuum switch is housed. The vacuum switch has a number of vacuum chambers corresponding to the number of phases, which are accommodated in a cylindrical housing, a housing with a vacuum chamber being provided for each phase. Only the vacuum chamber is inserted within each housing, which can also be removed from the housing. Voltage transformers, current transformers and the like are accommodated in their own housing. The drive of the vacuum chamber is located in a drive housing located outside the gas-filled room.

The object of the invention is to provide a vacuum switch of the type mentioned, which is simplified in its construction and requires less space.

This object is achieved in that the vacuum chamber and the associated supply and discharge lines to the vacuum chamber are cast in an all-encompassing insulating housing made of plastic, which is only open on the drive side for a coupling rod between the drive and the movable contact piece of the vacuum chamber.

The housing is advantageously cup-shaped; the drive-side end face of the vacuum chamber, from which the movable contact piece protrudes, is partially surrounded by the plastic forming the housing, and the vacuum chamber is thereby held immovably within the housing.

According to the invention, the supply and discharge lines to the vacuum chamber, which run perpendicular to the central axis of the chamber, can also be cast into the insulating housing, except for contact pieces attached to the ends of the supply and discharge lines.

Furthermore, a current transformer can be cast in the area of the supply or discharge line, and there is also the possibility of inserting a voltage converter or, if applicable, a current transformer into the section of the supply or discharge line that is aligned with the central vacuum chamber axis and is opposite the moving contact piece Pour in the housing.

This creates a vacuum switch in which all components, such as vacuum chamber, current transformer, voltage transformer, supply and discharge lines are cast in a cast resin housing, the supply and discharge lines running perpendicular to the central axis of the vacuum chamber.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drive and a control or guiding device is accommodated in a first leg of an L-shaped drive housing; the perpendicular to the second leg of the drive housing includes a transmission lever with which the movement of the drive is transferred to the movable contact piece or the coupling rod. On this second leg, on the surface facing the first leg, the insulating housing is attached to the vacuum chamber.

In a particularly advantageous manner, the leg of the L-shaped housing, which accommodates the drive and the control device, is aligned parallel to the insulating housing. This results in a U-shape, the insulating housing with the vacuum chamber forming one leg and the section of the drive housing with the drive forming the other leg.

If the center axes of the legs of the U-shape are aligned vertically, then a unit is created that can be placed on a trolley in a control panel, which in a known manner horizontally within the control panel from the ON position to a disconnected position which the supply and discharge contacts are separated from the fixed contacts within the switch panel can be moved. It is also possible to design the drive housing directly as a trolley by providing it with wheels or rollers.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the further subclaims.

On the basis of the drawing, in which some exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically, the invention and further advantageous refinements and improvements of the invention are to be explained and described in more detail.

Fig. 1

eine Schnittansicht eines Vakuumschalters mit Antrieb gemäß Schnittlinie I-I der Fig. 2,

Fig. 2

eine Schnittansicht gemäß Schittlinie II-II der Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 und 4

einen Vakuumschalter gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung, in Schnittdarstellungen ähnlich den Fig. 1 und 2,

Fig. 5

eine dritte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, geschnitten ähnlich den Fig. 1 und 3, und

Fig. 6

eine vierte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, ebenfalls in einer Schnittdarstellung ähnlich den Fig. 1, 3 und 5.

Show it:

Fig. 1

2 shows a sectional view of a vacuum switch with drive according to section line II of FIG. 2,

Fig. 2

2 shows a sectional view along section line II-II of FIG. 1,

3 and 4

a vacuum switch according to another embodiment of the invention, in sectional views similar to FIGS. 1 and 2,

Fig. 5

a third embodiment of the invention, cut similar to FIGS. 1 and 3, and

Fig. 6

a fourth embodiment of the invention, also in a sectional view similar to FIGS. 1, 3 and 5.

1 and 2, which is a three-pole vacuum switch, has a drive housing 10, to which three vacuum switch poles 11, 12 and 13 are connected in a manner shown below.

The drive housing 10 is a sheet metal housing and has an L-shaped shape in vertical cross section with a first leg 14 and a second leg 15, of which the first leg is arranged vertically and the second leg 15 horizontally when it is installed in a switch panel. The first leg receives a drive 16, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is a permanent magnet drive, which is described in WO 95/07542. The drive 16 has a magnetic yoke 17 which comprises two coils 18 and 19, between which an armature 20 is guided; A permanent magnet 21, 22 is arranged between the coils 18 and 19 and on both sides to the armature 20.

By means of a control device 23, which has become known, for example, from the ABB Sace brochure, publication ITSCB 649092/001 3-1994, or can be an electronic, process control device and which is located above and / or to the side of the drive 16, and by means of A battery arrangement 24 drives the drive 16 so that the armature 20 can move up and down. Via a connecting rod 25, the armature 20 is coupled in an articulated manner to the first arm 26 of a double arm lever 28 which is mounted approximately centrally on a rotary shaft 27, the second arm 29 of which is connected to a coupling rod 30 which is connected to the contact stem 31 of a movable contact piece of a vacuum chamber 32 . The double arm lever 28 is rotatably connected to the rotary shaft 27 and actuates the contact stem 31 of the middle vacuum chamber 32. On the rotary shaft 27, single-armed levers 33 and 34 are fixed on both sides to the double arm lever 28, which are connected in a similar manner to contact stems, not shown, of two further vacuum chambers 35 and 36. When the armature 20 is actuated, the vacuum chambers 32, 35 and 36 are actuated via the double arm lever 28 and the rotary shaft 27 and the levers 33 and 34.

The integration of the vacuum chambers 32, 35 and 36 into an insulating material housing will now be described in the following, and only on the basis of the vacuum chamber 32; the other vacuum chambers 35 and 36 are housed identically within their own insulating housings.

The vacuum chamber 32 has a lower end, designated by the reference number 37 in FIG. 1, to which a lower end face 38 is assigned. The contact stem 31 protrudes from this lower end face 38. The opposite, upper end 39 with the upper end face 40 is penetrated by a contact stem 41, which is connected to the fixed contact piece, not shown. At the contact stem 41, a supply line 42 is connected perpendicularly thereto, the end of which lies opposite the contact stem 41 and has a mouth contact piece 43 with a round cross section, which can interact with a correspondingly designed and adapted pin contact piece which is firmly inserted within a switch panel.

With the movable contact stem 31 a lead 45 is connected via a line 44 such that it allows the mobility of the contact stem 31; the end of the lead 45 lying opposite the contact stem 31 carries a contact piece 46 corresponding to the contact piece 43. The supply and discharge lines 42 and 45 run perpendicular to the central axis MM of the vacuum chamber 32, so that the supply and discharge lines 42, 45 and the vacuum chamber 32 is formed in a U-shape, the horizontally and vertically superimposed leg of the inlet and outlet 42, 45, and the vertical web is formed by the vacuum chamber 32.

The supply and discharge lines 42, 45 and the vacuum chamber 32 are surrounded by an insulating housing 47 surrounding them, which is designed as a housing produced by a casting process, the contact pieces 43 and 46 being free. The contact stem 41 is also embedded in the insulating housing and, via a circumferential, recess-like collar 48, with which the insulating housing partially covers the lower end face 38, the vacuum chamber with the feed and discharge lines 42, 45 is captively held and encompassed within the insulating housing.

The insulating housing 47 surrounds the coupling rod 30 with a cylindrical projection 49 and is open at the free end located below, so that a downwardly open, pot-shaped space 50 is formed between the free edge of the cylindrical projection 49 and the end face 38 of the vacuum chamber 32.

As mentioned at the beginning, the drive housing 10 is L-shaped and has a first leg 14 or housing leg 14 and a second housing leg 15; The approximately horizontally oriented double arm lever as well as the two levers 33 and 34 and the rotary shaft 27 are located in the second housing leg 15.

On the side wall 51 of the leg 15, which points in the direction in which the leg 14 of the drive housing 10 extends, the three vacuum chambers 35, 32 and 36 are fastened with the insulating housings 47 such that the spaces 50 to the side wall 51 of the leg 15 are open. It must be added that the vacuum chambers 35 and 36 are surrounded by plastic in the same way as the vacuum chamber 32, and for this reason the insulating housings of the vacuum chambers 35 and 36 are given the same reference number 47.

A current transformer 53 and a voltage transformer or sensor 54 are cast in the area 52 of the insulating housing 47, which surrounds the lead 45, the feed lines 55 and 56 of which lie within the cylindrical projection 49 and are introduced into the drive housing 10 in the area of the surface 51 . It goes without saying that the side wall 51 of the leg 15 naturally has an opening 57 for each individual vacuum chamber 32 to 36 through which the associated coupling rod can reach.

With the embodiment as shown in FIG. 1, the three vacuum chambers 32, 35, 36 with the insulating housings 47 are placed on the L-shaped housing, on the horizontal legs 15, so that the side view with the Isoliergehäusen 47 and the leg 14 of the drive housing and the leg 15 results in a U-shape, in which the central axes MM of the vacuum chambers and the longitudinal extension of the leg 14 of the drive housing 10 are arranged parallel to one another and aligned vertically within the switch panel.

The drive housing 10 with the three insulating housings 47 can then be placed as a slide-in unit on a trolley or even provided with rollers so that it can be moved horizontally perpendicularly to the central axis MM within a switch panel so that the jaw contacts 43, 46 and the associated fixed contacts within the Switch panel can be coupled or separated.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the feed line 42 has a tab-like section 58 which is penetrated by the contact stem 41 and is connected to it in an electrically conductive manner by means of a screw connection which is not shown and is known per se.

The arrangement according to FIGS. 3 and 4 is similar to the arrangement of FIG. 1. A drive housing is provided which bears the reference number 10 to show that it is essentially the same as the drive housing 10 of FIG. 1. The drive 16, the armature 20 of which is connected to the double arm lever 28 via a connecting rod 25, is located within the drive housing. The double arm lever 28 is coupled via the coupling rod 30 to the movable contact lever 60 of a vacuum chamber 61 which is smaller than the vacuum chamber 32 and whose fixed contact stem 62 protrudes from the end of the vacuum chamber 61 located at the top in FIG. 3 and via an intermediate bolt 63 with a feed line 64 is connected in such a way that a U-shaped bend 65 is formed on the feed line, at the end adjacent to the vacuum chamber 61, which surrounds the intermediate bolt 63 and is connected to the intermediate bolt via a fixing lug 66 running parallel thereto, so that the fixing lug 66 and the bend 65 surrounds the intermediate pin 63. This arrangement is only a slightly different connection the lead 64 to the fixed contact stem 62 of the vacuum chamber. Below the vacuum chamber 61 is the lead 67, which is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the movable contact stem 60 via a connecting conductor 68.

The vacuum chamber 61 and the inlet and outlet line 64, 67 are surrounded by an insulating housing 69, the inlet line 64 and the outlet 67 and the vacuum chamber being embedded in the insulating housing, in the same way as the vacuum chamber 32, in which one is directed downward End face 70 of the vacuum chamber 61, which is embodied here as a step, is surrounded by the insulating housing 69 in a manner similar to a recess 71, so that the insulating housing 69 is captively connected to the vacuum chamber 61.

A current transformer 72 is arranged around the lead 67 and a voltage transformer or sensor 73 around the intermediate bolt 63. The lead 74 to the current transformer 72 is located in a cylindrical projection 75 of the insulating housing, which corresponds to the cylindrical projection 49, whereas the lead 76 passes through the insulating housing 69 runs parallel to the central axis MM of the vacuum chamber 61 up to approximately in the lower third of the cylindrical projection 75, where it leaves the feed line 76 from the insulating housing 69 and is guided into the housing 10 for the drive.

The three vacuum chambers 77, 78, which are arranged on both sides of the central vacuum chamber 61, are fastened on the lower leg 15 of the drive housing 10 in the same way as the vacuum chambers 32, 35 and 36, and they are driven in the same way as by means of them of the same elements.

The embodiment according to FIG. 5 corresponds to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, only the voltage converter 73 having a supply line 80 being laid directly and perpendicularly to the central axis MM towards the leg 14 of the drive housing; a bridge 81 is formed on the insulating housing 69, which has the same reference number as that of FIG. 3, which comprises and protects the line 80 to the voltage converter 73.

6, the same vacuum chamber 61 is embedded in an insulating housing 82, a difference being that the intermediate bolt 63 is surrounded by a current transformer 83 and an electrode 84 of a voltage transformer or sensor in parallel and next to the vacuum chamber 61 in the insulating housing 82 is cast. The connecting line 85 of the electrode 84 to the drive runs parallel to the central axis M-M of the vacuum chamber within the insulating housing 82.

In contrast to the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 5, the supply and discharge lines 86 and 87 are not cylindrical, but are designed as flat conductors, the derivation 87 having a helically twisted section 88, so that the cross section of the derivation 87 designed as a ribbon conductor is oriented so that the longer side is rotated from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction.

At the free ends of the supply and discharge lines there are contact finger elements 89 and 90 as connection contact pieces; the vertical alignment of the supply and discharge lines 86 and 87 is a region of the contact finger elements 89, 90.

Instead of a magnetic drive, a flywheel drive 91 is provided, which is described in patent application P 196 02 912.0. A flywheel 92 drives a cam disk 93, with which a double-arm lever 94 is actuated in a similar manner to the double-arm lever 28.

It can be seen from the embodiment according to FIG. 6 that the type of drive is of little importance; it is essential in the invention to embed the vacuum chambers in the associated insulating housing in such a way that the vacuum chambers can no longer be dismantled, and to the assignment of this insulating housing to the vacuum chamber to the L-shaped drive housing which receives the drive and which, in addition to the drive, also Control device for the drive contains.

Claims (9)

Single or multi-phase vacuum switch, with one vacuum chamber per phase, a drive that actuates the vacuum chamber and a control device, characterized in that the vacuum chamber and the feed and discharge lines to the vacuum chamber are cast into an all-encompassing insulating housing made of plastic, which is only on the drive side is open for a coupling rod between the drive and the movable contact piece of the vacuum chamber. Vacuum switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating housing comprises the vacuum chamber except for a partial area of the drive-side end face of the vacuum chamber and the vacuum chamber is thereby held immovably in the insulating housing. Vacuum switch according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the supply and discharge lines to the vacuum chamber run perpendicular to its central axis and are cast into the insulating housing with the exception of contact pieces attached to the ends of the supply and discharge lines. Vacuum switch according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the supply or discharge line is assigned a current transformer which is completely cast into the insulating housing. Vacuum switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply or discharge line is assigned a voltage converter which is completely cast into the insulating housing. Vacuum switch according to claim 5, characterized in that a voltage converter is cast on the section aligned with the vacuum chamber axis of the supply or discharge line assigned to the fixed contact piece, which is cast into the insulating housing. Vacuum switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive and a control device are accommodated in an L-shaped drive housing, the second leg of which receives a double-arm lever which transmits the movement of the drive to the coupling rod and which carries the insulating housing (s) with the vacuum chamber and whose first leg receives the drive and the control device. Vacuum switch according to claim 7, characterized in that the insulating housing of each vacuum chamber is fastened to the second leg in such a way that each insulating housing forms a U-shape with the first leg receiving the drive and the control device. Vacuum switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the region of the voltage converter between the insulating housing and the drive housing, a bridge is formed which extends perpendicularly to the insulating housing and which isolates the supply line between the voltage converter or current converter and the control device in the drive housing.

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