EP0894933A2 - Container with a door - Google Patents

Abstract

The door (2) is swivel mounted by at least one hinge on the container (1). The movement of the door into an open position and the holding of the door in its closed position is supported by a damping element moved in a viscous fluid and by a helical spring in the door's pivot axle. The helical spring is enclosed in a sleeve which has a thread-like groove. One end of the helical spring is fixed, and the other end is next to a bar (8) movably mounted in the door's pivot axle. The bar is joined to at least one bolt.

Description

The invention relates to a container with a door, in particular luggage storage compartment for Aircraft according to the preamble of claim 1.

Conventional luggage storage compartments in aircraft are usually equipped with gas springs, which facilitate opening the flaps and holding the flap in the open position enable. One disadvantage is the susceptibility of gas springs to low temperatures. If the aircraft has cooled down significantly, problems can arise due to high friction come when opening the flaps. For example, if the plane is at night Standing at the airport, it can happen that passengers have difficulties in the morning when opening the storage compartments. In addition, they take one or both sides arranged gas pressure springs a not inconsiderable part of the existing volume of the luggage storage compartment, whereby the net volume that can be loaded with luggage is reduced. The gas springs can also be damaged by the cargo, if not covers are installed, which in turn require space and assembly and Make maintenance difficult.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a container with a door, in which the device for moving the door and for holding the door in its Open position has the smallest possible size and therefore the smallest possible volume of the container claimed. The lifespan should be as long as possible, the manufacturing and Maintenance costs should be as low as possible. The disadvantages of known systems avoided or at least reduced if possible. The container according to the invention is intended also in particular the high levels required for use in the aircraft industry Meet safety and stress conditions.

The object of the invention is thereby achieved. that the device for support moving the door to the open position and holding the door in the open position is arranged substantially around the pivot axis of the door. Because of this construction given a compact and maintenance-friendly design. No components protrude substantially into the interior of the container, which means that none, especially in aircraft valuable storage volume is lost.

To ensure that the movement of the door of the container is not too strong and too fast is done, but still a hold of the door is guaranteed in the open position is provided that a device for damping the movement of the door substantially around the pivot axis of the door is arranged, and is designed such that the damping with increasing opening angle of the door decreases. This ensures that the door after Do not open the door holding device in the closed position pops up quickly while holding the fully open door (maximum Opening angle) is secured. Due to the arrangement essentially around the pivot axis the door is achieved that the construction even in the presence of such Damping device remains compact and takes up little storage volume.

Alternatively, a device for damping the movement of the door is essential arranged around the pivot axis of the door, and designed such that the damping with decreasing opening speed of the door decreases. This ensures that the movement of the container door after opening the door is not too quick, nevertheless but keeping the door open is ensured. By the arrangement in essential about the pivot axis of the door is that the construction also The presence of such a damping device remains compact and little storage volume occupies.

Advantageously, the device for damping the movement of the door by an in of a viscous liquid moving damping element. Such a construction is characterized by particularly low friction losses, which means that the service life of the Arrangement can be increased further. Also, there are no annoying noises when Opening and closing of the container caused. As a viscous liquid e.g. Fluid grease to serve. In order to achieve a good function under all possible operating temperatures, the viscosity should be as constant as possible in the range of approx. -15 ° C to 55 ° C.

Advantageously, the device for supporting the movement of the door in the open position and holding the door in the open position and / or the device integrated to dampen the movement of the door in the or each hinge or the like. This results in a compact and small construction that is easy to assemble, is interchangeable and easy to maintain.

According to an embodiment of the invention it is provided that the device for Support the movement of the door to the open position and hold the door in the open position by a pressure arranged in the pivot axis of the door claimed helical spring or the like. Is formed, wherein means for converting the in the pivot axis of the door force of the coil spring or the like Rotary movement of the door are provided. The use of a coil spring represents one very small and inexpensive to manufacture variant. In addition, the construction limited to relatively few components.

According to a further feature of the invention it is provided that the devices for Conversion of the force of the coil spring or the like. In a rotary movement of the door with a as the opening angle of the door increases, the damping of the rotary motion decreases Door are formed in that a sleeve surrounding the coil spring or the like is arranged is, and that one end of the coil spring or the like. is fixedly mounted and the other end of the Coil spring to a rotationally fixed to the door and in the pivot axis of the door slidably mounted rod adjacent, the rod with at least one bolt or the like. is connected, and the sleeve has at least one thread-like groove, by which groove the or each stud protrudes, causing the compressive force on the rod to rotate of the rod and the door connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner and the damping of the Rotary movement of the door is adjustable by the pitch of the thread-like groove. Through this constructive measures will be the conversion of those originating from the coil spring Force in the pivot axis of the door in a rotational movement of the door with simultaneous Taking into account the damping of the movement realized. By using a non-metallic material for the sleeve is avoided that the metallic Coil spring comes into contact with another metallic object, causing Noises could be caused. The bolts or the like located on the rod are guided in the groove of the sleeve in a so-called backdrop, which makes the rod a Rotation is forced. The design of the groove and also the bolt (Sliding blocks) and their material exert an influence on the damping of the rotary movement , which makes it easily adjustable and adaptable to the respective requirements.

Devices for adjusting the pretension of the helical spring are advantageous intended. This can be done, for example, by adjusting the fixed end of the coil spring The spring is pretensioned in the direction of the swivel axis, whereby e.g. a wear and tear of the spring can be compensated to a certain extent can.

According to a further feature of the invention, the Device for damping the movement of the door by one in a viscous Liquid-filled chamber with slidable pistons with perforations Permeability of the viscous liquid is formed. This represents a variant for the realization the motion damping for a linear movement, the damping with decreasing movement speed decreases. When the piston is at a standstill, it does not dampen the spring force of the coil spring, which means that the full when the door is open Spring force to hold the door in the open position is available. On the other hand, one Viscous damping prevents the door from snapping open too quickly.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the device for Support the movement of the door to the open position and hold the door in the open position by at least one arranged around the pivot axis of the door Leg spring, torsion spring or the like. Formed. In this case, the spring or the like is on Rotation demands and thus causes a direct rotation of the door, which means none Means for converting any force in the direction of the pivot axis in a Rotary movement of the door are necessary.

In this case, according to a further feature of the invention, the device for damping the movement of the door through a chamber filled with viscous liquid rotatably arranged rotary piston formed with damping vanes, the rotary piston is rotatably connected to one end of the torsion spring or the like.

If, as above, separate devices for damping the movement of the door are necessary, For reasons of compactness, these are essentially according to the invention Swivel axis of the door arranged. A decreasing with increasing opening angle of the door Damping can be done by various measures, such as by a kind Disc brake with thinning brake disc, or an air suspension with Throttle valve, the cross section of the drain valve with increasing opening angle the door rises to be realized. The required damping characteristic is also through a correspondingly shaped body made of elastic material can be achieved.

The embodiments described above can be any within the scope of the invention to be changed. The main thing is to obtain support for the movement of the Door in the open position and holding the door in the open position, whereby advantageously the movement of the door is strongly damped at the beginning of the opening movement is and the damping decreases with increasing opening angle of the door, so that a safe Keeping the door in the open position is ensured. The resulting force on the door, which drops depending on the opening angle of the door, by different combination of springs or the like can be achieved.

Two exemplary embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings described.

Fig. 1a

eine Prinzipskizze eines Behälters mit einer Tür,

Fig. 1b bis 1c

die Prinzipverläufe der von einer Vorrichtung zur Unterstützung der Bewegung der Tür in die geöffnete Stellung herrührenden Kraft F, der gewünschten resultierenden Kraft FR sowie der daraus resultierenden Dämpfung 6 in Abhängigkeit des Öffnungswinkels a der Tür,

Fig. 2a

eine Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Scharniers für ein Gepäckablagefach für Flugzeuge im Querschnitt,

Fig. 2b

eine Draufsicht auf die Ausführungsvariante des Scharniers gemäß Fig. 2a,

Fig. 2c

eine Detailansicht zur Erläuterung der Kulissenführung,

Fig. 3a

eine andere Variante eines Scharniers für ein Gepäckablagefach für Flugzeuge im Querschnitt, und

Fig. 3b

eine Draufsicht auf die Variante gemäß Fig. 3a.

Fig. 4a

eine Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Scharniers für ein Gepäckablagefach für Flugzeuge im Querschnitt,

Fig. 4b

eine Draufsicht auf die Ausführungsvariante des Scharniers gemäß Fig. 4a.

Show in it

Fig. 1a

a schematic diagram of a container with a door,

1b to 1c

the principle curves of the force F originating from a device for supporting the movement of the door into the open position, the desired resulting force FR and the resulting damping 6 as a function of the opening angle a of the door,

Fig. 2a

1 shows a variant of a hinge according to the invention for a luggage storage compartment for aircraft in cross section,

Fig. 2b

a plan view of the variant of the hinge according to FIG. 2a,

Fig. 2c

a detailed view to explain the scenery,

Fig. 3a

another variant of a hinge for a luggage storage compartment for aircraft in cross section, and

Fig. 3b

a plan view of the variant of FIG. 3a.

Fig. 4a

1 shows a variant of a hinge according to the invention for a luggage storage compartment for aircraft in cross section,

Fig. 4b

a plan view of the variant of the hinge according to FIG. 4a.

FIG. 1 a shows a schematic illustration of a container 1 with a pivotably mounted door 2. The opening angle of the door 2 is denoted by a. By means of a corresponding device for supporting the movement of the door 2 into the open position and holding the door 2 in the open position, a force F acts on the door 2 or a torque on the pivot axis of the door 2. As a result of the device used for the support the movement of the door 2 into the open position, such as a spring or the like. The force F is usually greatest when the door 2 is closed (ie α = 0 °) and becomes smaller with increasing opening angle a. This fact is illustrated in the diagram according to FIG. 1b, which shows the force F as a function of the opening angle a. Of course, in practice, this relationship will not be linear. These diagrams are only for your understanding. The force F originating from the device for supporting the movement of the door 2 into its open position must be selected such that the door 2 is held in this position when the position is open (ie α maximum). Therefore, the force acting on door 2 at maximum opening angle F (α = max) must exceed the force of gravity acting on door 2. As a result, however, at the beginning of the opening of the door 2, an impermissibly high force would act on the door 2, which would result in the door 2 swiveling up extremely quickly, as a result of which persons could be injured. It is therefore desirable that the resulting force F _{R is} dependent on the opening angle α, which is characterized by a minimum force when the door is closed 2 F _R (α = 0) and by a maximum force when the door is fully open 2 F _R (α = max) , as shown in Fig. 1c. A damping δ of the force F corresponding to the curve according to FIG. 1d, ie falling damping δ with increasing opening angle α, is therefore necessary.

2a and 2b show an embodiment variant of a hinge according to the invention for a Luggage storage compartment 1 of an aircraft. A door 2 is attached to a luggage storage compartment 1 its upper edge pivotally mounted. The hinge for the swivel connection of the Door 2 on the luggage storage compartment 1 consists of two bearing plates connected by a bolt 3 4, 5, of which a bearing plate 4 e.g. with the help of screws 6 with the Luggage storage compartment 1 and the other storage plate 5 e.g. using screws 7 with the door 2 is connected so that the door 2 can be pivoted about the axis of the bolt 3. The bolt 3 is firmly connected to the bearing plate 5 connected to the door 2.

According to the invention, the bolt 3 is formed with a square hole in which a square rod 8 is arranged so that movement in the longitudinal direction is possible is. A corresponding arrangement of a bolt 9 ensures that the bearing plate 5 participates in any rotational movement of the square rod 8 without one Movement of the square rod 8 in the longitudinal direction is prevented. Are natural other construction variants that bring the same result are also possible. For Supporting the rotational movement of the door 2 is in the axis of the bolt 3 of the hinge next to the hinge a coil spring 10 is arranged in a sleeve 11. On her one The end of the coil spring 10 is firmly anchored, while the other end of the coil spring exerts a compressive force in the direction of arrow A on the end of the square rod 8. To convert the pressure force into a rotary movement of the door 2 are with the square rod 8 bolts 12 or the like. Firmly connected, the outside, from square-shaped rod 8 projecting ends through a corresponding groove in the sleeve 11 protrude. If the device for holding the door 2 in the closed position (not shown), which is formed by a known closure at the free end of the door can be opened, the coil spring 10 presses the square rod 8 in the direction of arrow A. By a thread-like formation of the groove 13 (see Fig. lc) square rod 8 is forced to rotate, causing the coil spring 10 opening door 2 causes. The leadership of the bolt 12 in the sleeve 11 is also called Link guide designates, which is why the bolts 12 also referred to as backdrop blocks become. By appropriate design of the groove 13, the damping of the Rotational movement of the door 2 can be influenced according to the invention. To be smaller Opening angle α to achieve a higher damping, the slope of the thread-shaped groove 13 is therefore advantageously carried out lower at the beginning, so that a higher friction and, as desired, greater damping results. The one through the Groove 13 in the sleeve 11 limited opening angle a can additionally by a resilient Pressure piece 14 can be limited. By different design of the groove 13 in the sleeve 11 and choice of shape and material of the bolt 12 can be very simple and a different way of damping or an adaptation to cost different circumstances occur. By adjusting the firmly anchored end of the Coil spring 10, the bias of the same can be adjusted. This could make one Spring feathering counteracted to a certain extent by readjustment become.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 2a to 2c both the Device to support the movement of the door in the open position as well Device for damping the movement depending on the opening angle in the hinge integrated. As a result, the movement mechanism takes up minimal space and it becomes the storage volume is not reduced by protruding components.

3a and 3b is another variant of a hinge for the door 2 one Luggage storage compartment 1 shown for aircraft. It is used to support the Movement of the door 2 in the open position necessary force by at least one Leg spring 15 applied. The leg spring 15 is around the bolt 3 of the hinge arranged. To ensure contact between the metallic leg spring 15 and the to avoid metallic bolts 3, which causes disturbing noises when opening the door 2 could arise, the bolt 3 is preferably made of plastic Surround sleeve 16. In this variant of the hinge is below the Pivot axis of the hinge, the advantageously necessary device for damping the movement depending on the opening angle of the door 2 included. This can be designed differently. In principle, for example, damping is one Disc brake possible with decreasing thickness of the disc. Also an air suspension with a throttle valve, the opening cross section with increasing opening angle of the door becomes larger, the damping curve described above can be used achieve. To the damping device and also the hinge from damage and To protect pollution are two slidable or sliding against each other Covers 17, 18 connected to the luggage storage compartment 1 or to the door 2.

4a and 4b show an embodiment variant of a hinge according to the invention for a Luggage storage compartment 1 of an aircraft. A door 2 is attached to a luggage storage compartment 1 its upper edge pivotally mounted. The hinge for the swivel connection of the Door 2 on the luggage storage compartment 1 consists of two bearing plates 4, 5, one of which Bearing plate 4 e.g. using screws 6 with the luggage storage compartment 1 and the other Bearing plate 5 e.g. is connected to door 2 by means of screws 7. The bearing plate 4 and the bearing plate 5 are connected to one another via a torsion spring 19. An end to Torsion spring 19 is non-rotatably connected to a rotary piston 20 with damping wing 21, which is rotatably arranged in a chamber 22 with a viscous liquid. At Rotation of the rotary piston 20 in the chamber 22 is through the damping vanes 21 viscous liquid, e.g. Fluid grease is displaced and thus part of the torsion spring 19 stored energy converted into displacement work. The damping is in this case regardless of the opening angle of door 2 but depending on the opening speed. The opening angle of the door can be limited by a resilient pressure piece 14. In Open position of the door 2, the spring force of the torsion spring 19 is not damped thereby ensuring that door 2 is held securely. A major advantage of Viscosity damping lies in the low-friction and thus low-wear embodiment, which can significantly increase the life of the hinge. In the For example, the aircraft industry should have more than 250,000 opening and closing cycles without significant functional deterioration can be achieved. In the case of a linear pressure force a helical spring or an elastic element that is subjected to pressure, for example can instead of a rotary piston with damping vanes also a piston in a viscous Liquid-filled chamber may be arranged, wherein the piston perforations or the like. through which the viscous liquid passes and thus the movement delayed (not shown).

Claims (11)

Container with a door, in particular luggage stowage compartment for aircraft, which door (2) is pivotably mounted on the container (1) via at least one hinge or the like a device to support the movement of the door (2) in the open position and holding the door (2) in the open position and with a device for holding the door (2) in the closed position, characterized in that the device to support the movement of the door (2) in the open position and hold the door (2) in the open position essentially around the pivot axis of the door (2) is arranged. Container according to claim 1, characterized in that a device for damping the movement of the door (2) is arranged essentially around the pivot axis of the door (2), and is designed such that the damping with increasing opening angle (α) Door (2) takes off. Container according to claim 1, characterized in that a device for damping the movement of the door (2) is arranged essentially around the pivot axis of the door (2), and is designed such that the damping with decreasing opening speed the door (2) decreases. Container according to claim 3, characterized in that the device for damping the movement of the door (2) by a moving in a viscous liquid Damping element is formed. Container according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the device to support the movement of the door (2) in the open position and hold the door (2) in the open position and / or the device for damping the movement of the Door (2) in or each hinge or the like is integrated. Container according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the device to support the movement of the door (2) in the open position and hold the door (2) in the open position by one arranged in the pivot axis of the door (2) Compressed coil spring (10) or the like. Is formed, with devices for Conversion of the force of the coil spring acting in the pivot axis of the door (2) (10) or the like. In a rotary movement of the door (2) are provided. Container according to claim 6, characterized in that the devices for Conversion of the force of the coil spring (10) or the like. In a rotary movement of the door (2) with a decreasing damping with increasing opening angle (α) of the door (2) the rotational movement of the door (2) are formed in that a helical spring (10) od. Like. Surrounding sleeve (11) is arranged, and that one end of the coil spring (10) or the like. is fixedly mounted and the other end of the coil spring (10) to a rotationally fixed connected to the door (2) and displaceable in the pivot axis of the door (2) mounted rod (8) adjacent, the rod (8) with at least one bolt (12) or. Like. Is connected, and the sleeve (11) at least one thread-like arranged groove (13) has, through which groove (13) the or each bolt (12) protrudes, whereby the pressure force on the rod (8) in a rotation of the rod (8) and the door connected in a rotationally fixed manner (2) formable and the damping of the rotary movement of the door (2) by the slope of the thread-like groove (13) is adjustable. Container according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that devices for Setting the bias of the coil spring (10) are provided. Container according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the device to dampen the movement of the door (2) in a with a viscous liquid Filled chamber slidably arranged piston with perforations for Permeability of the viscous liquid is formed. Container according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the device to support the movement of the door (2) in the open position and hold the door (2) in the open position by at least one around the pivot axis of the door (2) arranged leg spring (15), torsion spring (19) or the like. Is formed. Container according to claim 10, characterized in that the device for damping the movement of the door (2) through a chamber filled with viscous liquid (22) rotatably arranged rotary piston (20) with damping wing (21) is formed, wherein the rotary piston (20) is rotatably connected to one end of the torsion spring (19) or the like is.

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