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EP0884448A2 - Rock drill bit with helical evacuation grooves - Google Patents

Rock drill bit with helical evacuation grooves Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0884448A2
EP0884448A2 EP98810413A EP98810413A EP0884448A2 EP 0884448 A2 EP0884448 A2 EP 0884448A2 EP 98810413 A EP98810413 A EP 98810413A EP 98810413 A EP98810413 A EP 98810413A EP 0884448 A2 EP0884448 A2 EP 0884448A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting edge
drill
main cutting
rock drill
cutting edges
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98810413A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0884448B1 (en
EP0884448A3 (en
Inventor
Udo Hauptmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hilti AG
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Hilti AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0884448A2 publication Critical patent/EP0884448A2/en
Publication of EP0884448A3 publication Critical patent/EP0884448A3/en
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Publication of EP0884448B1 publication Critical patent/EP0884448B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
    • E21B10/445—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts percussion type, e.g. for masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • E21B10/58—Chisel-type inserts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rock drill according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • Rock drills are used in conjunction with axial impact-supported rotary drilling rigs used and usually for the rotary impact drilling or Breakthroughs used in concrete or masonry. It is known that Rock drill in the area of the drill tip when drilling in hard rock and at wear very quickly at high speeds. That is why rock drills are included Tungsten carbide, sintered or in the present case under carbide molten carbides, silicides, borides or their alloys are understood.
  • Such a rock drill is known from EP-A-0 654 580.
  • This Rock drill has a drill head made entirely of hard metal, which also connected to the drill shaft, for example soldered or welded.
  • Of the Cross section of the drill head is substantially rectangular, with each the diagonal cutting are arranged.
  • the cutting edges serve to remove rock and provide the lateral guidance of the rock drill in the hole. They sit down together from one main cutting edge, which extends over a diagonal, and two Additional cutting edges that are parallel to one that is inclined with respect to the first diagonal another diagonal are arranged.
  • the cutting edges are arranged so that the Main cutting edge and the additional cutting edges when turning the rock drill Describe the same envelope.
  • the roof-shaped main cutting edge fulfills that Task to center the rock drill and get the main one Material removal by engaging the one to be machined before the additional cutting edges Rock is coming.
  • the drilling material removed from the main cutting edge is fed into the Circumferential area of the drill head thrown and from the arranged there additional cutting edges axially set back compared to the main cutting edge.
  • This well-known rock drill is already characterized by a high drilling capacity, long service life and good drilling material removal.
  • the requirement are created to suit the cutting edge in terms of their specific stress to be able to optimize.
  • the central part of the main cutting edge subject to other loads due to the axial impacts of the rotary impact drill is as the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge or the additional cutting edges on which primarily shear forces occur.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to modify a rock drill of the generic type in such a way that the different stresses on the cutting bill occurring during operation will be carried.
  • the performance of the drilling tool is said to be further improved and a very good removal of the drilling material can be guaranteed.
  • rock drill the features stated in the characterizing section of claim 1.
  • rock drill created by the invention has a drill shank at least one discharge groove running helically along its longitudinal extent for removed drilling material and a drilling head made entirely of hard metal on.
  • the drill head is connected to the front end of the drill shaft, for example welded or soldered, and has a main cutting edge and at least one Additional cutting edge, which are each arranged along diagonals of the drill head. The additional cutting edge projects axially beyond the peripheral area of the main cutting edge.
  • the additional cutting edge takes over the main material removal.
  • the inventive arrangement of the at least one additional cutting edge the greatest shear stress when drilling a hole.
  • the opposite the at least one additional cutting edge axially recessed peripheral areas of the Main cutting edges only fulfill a centering function. This allows the Main cutting edge optimized with regard to its centering function, for example be reinforced. The centering function of the main cutting edge is retained, even if the additional cutting edge a certain amount of wear over the service life of the rock drill is subject.
  • the additional cutting edge extends only over part of the radial running diagonal of the drill head; thereby the stress is caused by Shear forces kept within limits.
  • the axial impact energy is only over the as Main cutting edge acting main cutting edge or, subsequently, over the additional cutting edge initiated into the underground. Compared to the well-known rock drill, this is the effectiveness of the impact energy introduction into the underground is further increased by the pressure on the material to be mined is increased.
  • At the transition from the Main cutting edge relative to the axially opposite to the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge protruding additional cutting edge is an additional one when drilling underground Shear stress built up that supports drilling progress.
  • the at least one additional cutting edge preferably projects beyond the peripheral regions of the Main cutting edge also in the radial direction. This will take the peripheral areas of the Main cutting edge no longer part of the material degradation from the bore wall and meet just a management function for the rock drill.
  • the diagonal of the additional cutting edges also includes the diagonal of the main cutting edge at an angle> 90 °.
  • the main cutting edge advantageously has a roof shape trending central area.
  • the roof-shaped central area dominates the Additional cutting axially and has a radial extension that is less than or equal to 1/3 of the largest radial diameter of the drill head.
  • the central area of the main cutting edge is in terms of the transmission of the axial blows of the rotary impact drill optimized. Due to its roof-shaped contour and the chosen it only offers one radial extension when penetrating into the subsurface relatively small area of attack for the shear forces. This improves the service life the main cutting edge and the drill head.
  • the additional cutting edges advantageously have a radial length that is more than 2/3 of the largest radial diameter of the drill head. This is a good one Dismantling performance guaranteed and can in operation on the additional blades acting shear forces are kept low.
  • the Additional cutting have a radially extending cutting edge that is aligned with the axis of the Drill shank includes an angle of approximately 90 °. In particular, this is a particularly good milling effect of the cutting edges of the additional cutting edges achieved.
  • the additional cutting edges can be related to the direction of rotation during operation of the Rock drill ahead of the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge or hurry up.
  • the Run additional cutting edges ahead of the main cutting edge Particularly good ones Conditions arise when the additional cutting edges each have main discharge grooves are allocated for drilling dust.
  • the mere guiding function of the main cutting edge is further emphasized when the main cutting edge on both sides of the central area has a radial extension has an angle of about 90 ° with the axis of the drill shaft.
  • the axially protruding central area of the Main cutting edge centering the drill.
  • the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge are no longer involved in material degradation.
  • the leadership function of the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge thus continues improved that their end faces running parallel to the shaft axis have a curvature have, which is adapted to the curvature of the drill shaft. If that about the Peripheral areas of the main cutting edge protruding in contact with get into the hole wall, they only slide due to their curved shape along the borehole wall and make practically no contribution to the abrasive Material degradation. This reduces the friction of the drilling tool in the borehole.
  • the rock drill 1 shown in FIGS. 1-3 has a drill shank 2 which along its longitudinal extent with discharge grooves 3 for when drilling a hole removed drill material is equipped.
  • the discharge grooves 3 are helical on Drill shaft 2 arranged.
  • the drill shaft 2 has a Inserting end 4 for the tool holder of a rotary impact drill, not shown on.
  • these devices can be powerful Actor's hammer drill rigs.
  • the drill shaft 2 At its end 4 the opposite front end is the drill shaft 2 with a drill head 5 fitted.
  • the drill head 5 consists of hard metal, with hard metal in in the present case sintered or melted carbides, silicides, borides or their Alloys are understood.
  • the drill head 5 is with the drill shaft 2 connected for example by soldering or welding.
  • the drill head 5 has a main cutting edge 6 and two additional cutting edges 7, 8 which are each arranged on diagonals D1, D2 of the drill head 5.
  • the diagonals D1, D2, on which the cutting edges 6, 7, 8 are arranged, are inclined towards one another and form an angle ⁇ with each other that is smaller than 90 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is approximately 10 ° to 50 °.
  • the main cutting edge is 6 shaped like a roof and consists of a central area 9 and peripheral areas 10, 11 on both sides of the central region 9 together.
  • the central area 9 of the Main cutting edge 6 projects beyond the additional cutting edges 7, 8 in the axial direction and serves in Operation as centering point.
  • the central area 9 has a parallel to the Diameter D1 of the drill head 5 measured radial extension I, which is smaller or is equal to one third of the largest radial diameter of the drill head 5.
  • the additional cutting edges 7, 8 extend only over part of the diameter of the Drill head and have a radial length s, which is more than 2/3 of the largest radial Diameter of the drill head 5 is.
  • the additional cutting edges 7, 8 protrude beyond peripheral areas 10, 11 of the main cutting edge 6 at least in the axial direction. With They advantageously protrude beyond the peripheral areas 10, 11 of the main cutting edge 6, as in FIG. 3 shown, also in the radial direction.
  • the additional cutting edges 7, 8 each have one radially extending cutting edge 12, 13, one with the axis of the drill shaft 2 Includes an angle of approximately 90 °.
  • each essentially axial extending grooves 14, 15 provided in the discharge groove (s) 3 for the drilling dust flow and support the removal of the drilling dust.
  • concave or V-shaped recesses 16, 17 are provided, which as Main discharge grooves for the drilling dust and serve in the helical discharge grooves 3 am Drill shaft 2 open.
  • the additional blades 7, 8 hurry the peripheral areas 10, 11 of the Main cutting edge 6 ahead.
  • the concave or V-shaped main discharge grooves 16, 17 in each case the additional cutting edges responsible for the main material removal 7, 8 assigned.
  • the peripheral areas 10, 11 of the main cutting edge 6 serve the Guiding the rock drill 1 in the hole.
  • the axial End faces 18, 19 of the peripheral regions 10, 11 are curved. Here their curvature corresponds approximately to the curvature of the drill shaft 2.
  • the second exemplary embodiment of a drill head 50 shown in FIG. 4 The rock drill according to the invention largely corresponds to the drill head 5 according to Fig. 1-3.
  • the difference is that the peripheral areas 51, 52 a have radial extension that is at an angle of with the axis of the drill shaft includes about 90 °.
  • the mere leadership function of the peripheral Areas 51, 52 of the main cutting edge 60 are further underlined.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Abstract

A new masonry drill has a shaft (2) with clearing spirals (3), the tip (5) being entirely in hard material, bonded to the end face of the shaft. It comprises a main- (6) and auxiliary cutters (7, 8) each located along diagonals of the drilling tip. The auxiliary cutters project axially beyond the main cutter (6). Preferably, the auxiliary cutters also project out radially beyond the main cutter. The two auxiliary cutters lie along a diagonal, intersecting that of the main cutter at less than 90 degrees , preferably at 10-50 degrees . The main cutter has an inverted V profile in its central region (9).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gesteinsbohrer gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a rock drill according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Gesteinsbohrer werden in Verbindung mit axialschlagunterstützten Drehbohrgeräten eingestetzt und in der Regel für die drehschlagende Erstellung von Bohrungen oder Durchbrüchen in Beton oder Mauerwerk verwendet. Es ist bekannt, dass sich Gesteinsbohrer im Bereich der Bohrerspitze beim Bohren in hartem Gestein und bei hohen Drehgeschwindigkeiten sehr schnell abnutzen. Deshalb sind Gesteinsbohrer mit Hartmetall bestückt, wobei unter Hartmetall im vorliegenden Fall gesinterte oder geschmolzene Karbide, Silicide, Boride oder deren Legierungen verstanden werden.Rock drills are used in conjunction with axial impact-supported rotary drilling rigs used and usually for the rotary impact drilling or Breakthroughs used in concrete or masonry. It is known that Rock drill in the area of the drill tip when drilling in hard rock and at wear very quickly at high speeds. That is why rock drills are included Tungsten carbide, sintered or in the present case under carbide molten carbides, silicides, borides or their alloys are understood.

Ein derartiger Gesteinsbohrer ist aus der EP-A-0 654 580 bekannt. Dieser Gesteinsbohrer besitzt einen gesamthaft aus Hartmetall bestehenden Bohrkopf, der mit dem Bohrerschaft verbunden, beispielsweise verlötet oder verschweisst ist. Der Querschnitt des Bohrkopfes ist im wesentlichen rechteckig ausgebildet, wobei auf jeder der Diagonalen Schneiden angeordnet sind. Die Schneiden dienen dem Gesteinsabtrag und besorgen die seitliche Führung des Gesteinsbohrers in der Bohrung. Sie setzen sich zusammen aus einer Hauptschneide, die sich über eine Diagonale erstreckt, und zwei Zusatzschneiden, die parallel zu einer gegenüber der ersten Diagonale geneigten weiteren Diagonale angeordnet sind. Die Schneiden sind derart angeordnet, dass die Hauptschneide und die Zusatzschneiden bei der Drehung des Gesteinsbohrers die gleiche Hüllkurve beschreiben. Die dachförmig ausgebildete Hauptschneide erfüllt die Aufgabe, den Gesteinsbohrer zu zentrieren, und besorgt den hauptsächlichen Materialabtrag, indem sie vor den Zusatzschneiden in Eingriff mit dem zu bearbeitenden Gestein kommt. Das von der Hauptschneide abgetragene Bohrgut wird in den Umfangsbereich des Bohrkopfs geschleudert und von den dort angeordneten, gegenüber der Hauptschneide axial zurückgesetzten Zusatzschneiden weiter zerkleinert. Such a rock drill is known from EP-A-0 654 580. This Rock drill has a drill head made entirely of hard metal, which also connected to the drill shaft, for example soldered or welded. Of the Cross section of the drill head is substantially rectangular, with each the diagonal cutting are arranged. The cutting edges serve to remove rock and provide the lateral guidance of the rock drill in the hole. they sit down together from one main cutting edge, which extends over a diagonal, and two Additional cutting edges that are parallel to one that is inclined with respect to the first diagonal another diagonal are arranged. The cutting edges are arranged so that the Main cutting edge and the additional cutting edges when turning the rock drill Describe the same envelope. The roof-shaped main cutting edge fulfills that Task to center the rock drill and get the main one Material removal by engaging the one to be machined before the additional cutting edges Rock is coming. The drilling material removed from the main cutting edge is fed into the Circumferential area of the drill head thrown and from the arranged there additional cutting edges axially set back compared to the main cutting edge.

Dieser bekannte Gesteinsbohrer zeichnet sich bereits durch eine hohe Bohrleistung, hohe Standzeiten und eine gute Bohrgutabfuhr aus. Es besteht dennoch der Wunsch, die Bohrleistung noch weiter zu steigern. Insbesondere soll die Voraussetzung geschaffen werden, um die Schneiden im Hinblick auf ihre spezifische Beanspruchung optimieren zu können. Dabei ist zu beachten, dass der zentrale Teil der Hauptschneide durch die axialen Schläge des Drehschlag-Bohrgeräts anderen Belastungen unterworfen ist als die peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide oder die Zusatzschneiden, an denen vornehmlich Scherkräfte auftreten. Insbesondere beim Anbohren eines Bohrloches muss die gesamte Schlagenergie des Drehschlag-Bohrgeräts vom zentralen Teil der Hauptschneide aufgenommen werden. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, einen Gesteinsbohrer der gattungsgemässen Art dahingehend zu modifizieren, dass den im Betrieb auftretenden unterschiedlichen Belastungen der Schneiden Rechnung getragen wird. Dabei soll die Leistungsfähigkeit des Bohrwerkzeugs noch verbessert werden und ein sehr guter Abtransport des Bohrgutes gewährleistet sein.This well-known rock drill is already characterized by a high drilling capacity, long service life and good drilling material removal. However, there is a desire to increase the drilling performance even further. In particular, the requirement are created to suit the cutting edge in terms of their specific stress to be able to optimize. It should be noted that the central part of the main cutting edge subject to other loads due to the axial impacts of the rotary impact drill is as the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge or the additional cutting edges on which primarily shear forces occur. Especially when drilling a borehole the total impact energy of the rotary impact drill from the central part of the Main cutting edge to be included. The object of the present invention is therefore to modify a rock drill of the generic type in such a way that the different stresses on the cutting bill occurring during operation will be carried. The performance of the drilling tool is said to be further improved and a very good removal of the drilling material can be guaranteed.

Die erfindungsgemässe Lösung dieser Aufgaben besteht in einem Gesteinsbohrer mit den im kennzeichnenden Abschnitt des Patentanspruchs 1 angeführten Merkmalen. Der durch die Erfindung geschaffene Gesteinsbohrer weist einen Bohrerschaft mit wenigstens einer wendelförmig entlang seiner Längserstreckung verlaufenden Abfuhrnut für abgetragenes Bohrgut und einen gesamthaft aus Hartmetall bestehenden Bohrkopf auf. Der Bohrkopf ist mit dem Stirnende des Bohrerschafts verbunden, beispielsweise verschweisst oder verlötet, und weist eine Hauptschneide sowie wenigstens eine Zusatzschneide auf, die jeweils entlang von Diagonalen des Bohrkopfs angeordnet sind. Die Zusatzschneide überragt den peripheren Bereich der Hauptschneide axial.The inventive solution to these tasks consists in a rock drill the features stated in the characterizing section of claim 1. Of the rock drill created by the invention has a drill shank at least one discharge groove running helically along its longitudinal extent for removed drilling material and a drilling head made entirely of hard metal on. The drill head is connected to the front end of the drill shaft, for example welded or soldered, and has a main cutting edge and at least one Additional cutting edge, which are each arranged along diagonals of the drill head. The additional cutting edge projects axially beyond the peripheral area of the main cutting edge.

Indem die wenigstens eine Zusatzschneide den peripheren Bereich der Hauptschneide axial überragt, übernimmt die Zusatzschneide den hauptsächlichen Materialabtrag. Durch die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der wenigstens einen Zusatzschneide erfährt diese bei der Erstellung einer Bohrung die grösste Scherbeanspruchung. Die gegenüber der wenigstens einen Zusatzschneide axial zurückgesetzten peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide erfüllen bloss noch eine Zentrierfunktion. Dadurch kann die Hauptschneide hinsichtlich ihrer Zentrierfunktion noch weiter optimiert, beispielsweise verstärkt, werden. Die Zentrierfunktion der Hauptschneide bleibt erhalten, auch wenn über die Standzeit des Gesteinsbohrers die Zusatzschneide einem gewissen Verschleiss unterworfen ist. Die Zusatzschneide erstreckt sich nur über einen Teil der radial verlaufenden Diagonale des Bohrkopfs; dadurch wird die Beanspruchung durch Scherkräfte in Grenzen gehalten. Die axiale Schlagenergie wird nur über die als Zentrierspitze wirkende Hauptschneide oder, in weiterer Folge, über die Zusatzschneide in den Untergrund eingeleitet. Gegenüber den bekannten Gesteinsbohrern wird dadurch die Effektivität der Schlagenergieeinleitung in den Untergrund noch weiter erhöht, indem der Druck auf das abzubauende Material erhöht wird. Am Übergang von der Hauptschneide zu der gegenüber den peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide axial vorstehenden Zusatzschneide wird beim Bohren im Untergrund zusätzlich eine Schubspannung aufgebaut, die den Bohrfortschritt unterstützt.By the at least one additional cutting edge the peripheral area of the main cutting edge Axially protruding, the additional cutting edge takes over the main material removal. The inventive arrangement of the at least one additional cutting edge the greatest shear stress when drilling a hole. The opposite the at least one additional cutting edge axially recessed peripheral areas of the Main cutting edges only fulfill a centering function. This allows the Main cutting edge optimized with regard to its centering function, for example be reinforced. The centering function of the main cutting edge is retained, even if the additional cutting edge a certain amount of wear over the service life of the rock drill is subject. The additional cutting edge extends only over part of the radial running diagonal of the drill head; thereby the stress is caused by Shear forces kept within limits. The axial impact energy is only over the as Main cutting edge acting main cutting edge or, subsequently, over the additional cutting edge initiated into the underground. Compared to the well-known rock drill, this is the effectiveness of the impact energy introduction into the underground is further increased by the pressure on the material to be mined is increased. At the transition from the Main cutting edge relative to the axially opposite to the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge protruding additional cutting edge is an additional one when drilling underground Shear stress built up that supports drilling progress.

Vorzugsweise überragt die wenigstens eine Zusatzschneide die peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide auch in radialer Richtung. Dadurch nehmen die peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide nicht mehr am Materialabbau von der Bohrungswandung teil und erfüllen bloss noch eine Führungsfunktion für den Gesteinsbohrer.The at least one additional cutting edge preferably projects beyond the peripheral regions of the Main cutting edge also in the radial direction. This will take the peripheral areas of the Main cutting edge no longer part of the material degradation from the bore wall and meet just a management function for the rock drill.

Aus Symmetriegründen erweist es sich von Vorteil, zwei Zusatzschneiden entlang einer Diagonale des Bohrkopfes anzuordnen. Die Diagonale der Zusatzschneiden schliesst mit der Diagonalen der Hauptschneide einen Winkel > 90° ein. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Winkel etwa 10° bis 50°. Durch die Anordnung von zwei Zusatzschneiden wird der Gleichlauf des Bohrwerkzeugs in der erstellten Bohrung verbessert. Die erfindungsgemässe Anordnung der Zusatzschneiden und der Hauptschneide bietet den Vorteil, dass die Abfuhrnuten für das Bohrmehl im Bohrkopf vergrössert ausgebildet sein können. Durch das Vorsehen vergrösserter Abfuhrnuten auf gegenüberliegenden Längsseiten des Bohrkopfs kann auch Hartmetall eingespart werden. Insgesamt ergibt sich für den derart ausgebildeten Bohrkopf in der Axialprojektion eine etwa X-förmige Aussenkontur.For reasons of symmetry, it proves advantageous to have two additional cutting edges along one Arrange the diagonal of the drill head. The diagonal of the additional cutting edges also includes the diagonal of the main cutting edge at an angle> 90 °. The is preferably Angle about 10 ° to 50 °. By arranging two additional cutting edges Improved synchronization of the drilling tool in the created hole. The The inventive arrangement of the additional cutting edges and the main cutting edge offers the Advantage that the discharge grooves for the drilling dust in the drill head are enlarged can. By providing enlarged discharge grooves on opposite Tungsten carbide can also be saved on the long sides of the drill head. Total results there is an approximately X-shaped one for the drill head designed in this way in the axial projection Outer contour.

Zur Erfüllung der Zentrierfunktion besitzt die Hauptschneide einen mit Vorteil dachförmig verlaufenden Zentralbereich. Der dachförmige Zentralbereich überragt die Zusatzschneiden axial und weist eine radiale Erstreckung auf, die kleiner oder gleich 1/3 des grössten radialen Durchmessers des Bohrkopfes ist. Der derart ausgebildete Zentralbereich der Hauptschneide ist hinsichtlich der Übertragung der axialen Schläge des Drehschlag-Bohrgeräts optimiert. Durch seine dachförmige Kontur und die gewählte radiale Erstreckung bietet er beim Eindringen in den Untergrund nur eine verhältnismässig geringe Angriffsfläche für die Scherkräfte. Dies verbessert die Standzeit der Hauptschneide und des Bohrkopfes. To fulfill the centering function, the main cutting edge advantageously has a roof shape trending central area. The roof-shaped central area dominates the Additional cutting axially and has a radial extension that is less than or equal to 1/3 of the largest radial diameter of the drill head. The one trained in this way The central area of the main cutting edge is in terms of the transmission of the axial blows of the rotary impact drill optimized. Due to its roof-shaped contour and the chosen it only offers one radial extension when penetrating into the subsurface relatively small area of attack for the shear forces. This improves the service life the main cutting edge and the drill head.

Die Zusatzschneiden weisen mit Vorteil eine radiale Länge auf, die mehr als 2/3 des grössten radialen Durchmessers des Bohrkopfes ist. Dadurch ist eine gute Abbauleistung gewährleistet und können die im Betrieb auf die Zusatzschneiden wirkenden Scherkräfte gering gehalten werden.The additional cutting edges advantageously have a radial length that is more than 2/3 of the largest radial diameter of the drill head. This is a good one Dismantling performance guaranteed and can in operation on the additional blades acting shear forces are kept low.

Für die optimale Einleitung des Kraftvektors erweist es sich als zweckmässig, wenn die Zusatzschneiden eine radial verlaufende Schneidkante aufweisen, die mit der Achse des Bohrerschafts einen Winkel von etwa 90° einschliesst. Insbesondere wird dadurch eine besonders gute Fräswirkung der Schneidkanten der Zusatzschneiden erzielt.For the optimal introduction of the force vector, it proves expedient if the Additional cutting have a radially extending cutting edge that is aligned with the axis of the Drill shank includes an angle of approximately 90 °. In particular, this is a particularly good milling effect of the cutting edges of the additional cutting edges achieved.

Prinzipiell können die Zusatzschneiden bezogen auf die Drehrichtung im Betrieb des Gesteinsbohrers den peripheren Bereichen der Hauptschneide vorauseilen oder nacheilen. Für den Bohrfortschritt erweist sich eine Anordnung von Vorteil, bei der die Zusatzschneiden gegenüber der Hauptschneide vorauseilen. Besonders gute Verhältnisse ergeben sich, wenn dabei den Zusatzschneiden jeweils Hauptabfuhrnuten für Bohrmehl zugeordnet sind.In principle, the additional cutting edges can be related to the direction of rotation during operation of the Rock drill ahead of the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge or hurry up. For the progress of drilling, an arrangement in which the Run additional cutting edges ahead of the main cutting edge. Particularly good ones Conditions arise when the additional cutting edges each have main discharge grooves are allocated for drilling dust.

Zur Unterstützung des Abtransportsdes Bohrmehls ist zwischen den peripheren Bereichen der Hauptschneide und den Nebenschneiden in der Seitenwand des Bohrkopfes eine im wesentlichen axial verlaufende Nut vorgesehen, die in eine Abfuhrnut für das Bohrmehl mündet.To support the removal of the drilling dust is between the peripheral Areas of the main cutting edge and the minor cutting edges in the side wall of the Drilling head provided a substantially axially extending groove, which in a Removal groove for the drilling dust opens out.

Die blosse Führungsfunktion der Hauptschneide wird noch weiter hervorgehoben, wenn die Hauptschneide zu beiden Seiten des Zentralbereichs eine radiale Erstreckung aufweist, die mit der Achse des Bohrerschafts einen Winkel von etwa 90° einschliesst. Bei der gewählten Anordnung besorgt der axial vorstehende Zentralbereich der Hauptschneide die Zentrierung des Bohrers. Die peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide sind am Materialabbau nicht mehr beteiligt.The mere guiding function of the main cutting edge is further emphasized when the main cutting edge on both sides of the central area has a radial extension has an angle of about 90 ° with the axis of the drill shaft. In the selected arrangement, the axially protruding central area of the Main cutting edge centering the drill. The peripheral areas of the main cutting edge are no longer involved in material degradation.

Die Führungsfunktion der peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide wird dadurch weiter verbessert, dass ihre parallel zur Schaftachse verlaufenden Stirnflächen eine Krümmung aufweisen, die der Krümmung des Bohrerschafts angeglichen ist. Wenn die über den Schaftmantel hinausragenden peripheren Bereiche der Hauptschneide in Berührung mit der Bohrungswandung geraten, gleiten sie wegen ihrer gekrümmten Formgebung nur an der Bohrlochwandung entlang und leisten praktisch keinen Beitrag zum abrasiven Materialabbau. Dadurch ist die Reibung des Bohrwerkzeugs in dem Bohrloch reduziert. The leadership function of the peripheral areas of the main cutting edge thus continues improved that their end faces running parallel to the shaft axis have a curvature have, which is adapted to the curvature of the drill shaft. If that about the Peripheral areas of the main cutting edge protruding in contact with get into the hole wall, they only slide due to their curved shape along the borehole wall and make practically no contribution to the abrasive Material degradation. This reduces the friction of the drilling tool in the borehole.

Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen des erfindungsgemässen Gesteinsbohrers unter Bezugnahme auf die schematischen Zeichungen. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemässen Gesteinsbohrer;
Fig. 2
eine perspektivische Ansicht des Bohrkopfes gemäss Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht des Bohrkopfes gemäss Fig. 1; und
Fig. 4
eine Seitenansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des Gesteinsbohrers.
Further advantages of the invention result from the description of exemplary embodiments of the rock drill according to the invention with reference to the schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a rock drill according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a perspective view of the drill head of FIG. 1;
Fig. 3
a plan view of the drill head of FIG. 1; and
Fig. 4
a side view of a second embodiment of the rock drill.

Der in den Fig. 1 - 3 dargestellte Gesteinsbohrer 1 weist einen Bohrerschaft 2 auf, der entlang seiner Längserstreckung mit Abfuhrnuten 3 für bei der Erstellung einer Bohrung abgetragenes Bohrgut ausgestattet ist. Die Abfuhrnuten 3 sind wendelförmig am Bohrerschaft 2 angeordnet. Am rückwärtigen Ende weist der Bohrerschaft 2 ein Einsteckende 4 für die Werkzeugaufnahme eines nicht näher dargestellten Drehschlag-Bohrgeräts auf. Beispielsweise kann es sich bei diesen Geräten um leistungsfähige Hammerbohrgeräte der Anmelderin handeln. An seinem dem Einsteckende 4 gegenüberliegenden Vorderende ist der Bohrerschaft 2 mit einem Bohrkopf 5 ausgestattet. Der Bohrkopf 5 besteht aus Hartmetall, wobei unter Hartmetall im vorliegenden Fall gesinterte oder geschmolzene Karbide, Silicide, Boride oder deren Legierungen verstanden werden. Der Bohrkopf 5 ist mit dem Bohrerschaft 2 beispielsweise durch Auflöten oder Schweissen verbunden.The rock drill 1 shown in FIGS. 1-3 has a drill shank 2 which along its longitudinal extent with discharge grooves 3 for when drilling a hole removed drill material is equipped. The discharge grooves 3 are helical on Drill shaft 2 arranged. At the rear end, the drill shaft 2 has a Inserting end 4 for the tool holder of a rotary impact drill, not shown on. For example, these devices can be powerful Actor's hammer drill rigs. At its end 4 the opposite front end is the drill shaft 2 with a drill head 5 fitted. The drill head 5 consists of hard metal, with hard metal in in the present case sintered or melted carbides, silicides, borides or their Alloys are understood. The drill head 5 is with the drill shaft 2 connected for example by soldering or welding.

Der Bohrkopf 5 weist eine Hauptschneide 6 und zwei Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 auf, die jeweils auf Diagonalen D1, D2 des Bohrkopfes 5 angeordnet sind. Die Diagonalen D1, D2, auf denen die Schneiden 6, 7, 8 angeordnet sind, sind zueinander geneigt und schliessen einen Winkel α miteinander ein, der kleiner ist als 90°. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Winkel α etwa 10° bis 50°. Wie aus Fig. 1 und 2 ersichtlich, ist die Hauptschneide 6 dachartig geformt und setzt sich aus einem Zentralbereich 9 und peripheren Bereichen 10, 11 zu beiden Seiten des Zentralbereichs 9 zusammen. Der Zentralbereich 9 der Hauptschneide 6 überragt die Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 in axialer Richtung und dient im Betrieb als Zentrierspitze. Dabei weist der Zentralbereich 9 eine parallel zum Durchmesser D1 des Bohrkopfs 5 gemessene radiale Erstreckung I auf, die kleiner oder gleich einem Drittel des grössten radialen Durchmessers des Bohrkopfes 5 ist.The drill head 5 has a main cutting edge 6 and two additional cutting edges 7, 8 which are each arranged on diagonals D1, D2 of the drill head 5. The diagonals D1, D2, on which the cutting edges 6, 7, 8 are arranged, are inclined towards one another and form an angle α with each other that is smaller than 90 °. Preferably is the angle α is approximately 10 ° to 50 °. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the main cutting edge is 6 shaped like a roof and consists of a central area 9 and peripheral areas 10, 11 on both sides of the central region 9 together. The central area 9 of the Main cutting edge 6 projects beyond the additional cutting edges 7, 8 in the axial direction and serves in Operation as centering point. The central area 9 has a parallel to the Diameter D1 of the drill head 5 measured radial extension I, which is smaller or is equal to one third of the largest radial diameter of the drill head 5.

Die Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 erstrecken sich nur über einen Teil des Durchmessers des Bohrkopfes und weisen eine radiale Länge s auf, die mehr als 2/3 des grössten radialen Durchmessers des Bohrkopfes 5 beträgt. Die Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 überragen die peripheren Bereiche 10, 11 der Hauptschneide 6 wenigstens in axialer Richtung. Mit Vorteil überragen sie die peripheren Bereiche 10, 11 der Hauptschneide 6, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, auch in radialer Richtung. Die Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 weisen jeweils eine radial verlaufende Schneidkante 12, 13 auf, die mit der Achse des Bohrerschafts 2 einen Winkel von etwa 90° einschliesst. Zwischen den Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 und den periphären Bereichen 10, 11 der Hauptschneide 6 sind jeweils im wesentlichen axial verlaufende Nuten 14, 15 vorgesehen, die in die Abfuhrnut(en) 3 für das Bohrmehl münden und den Abtransport des Bohrmehls unterstützen. An den Längsseiten des Bohrkopfes 5 sind konkave bzw. V-förmige Aussparungen 16, 17 vorgesehen, die als Hauptabfuhrnuten für das Bohrmehl dienen und in die wendelförmigen Abfuhrnuten 3 am Bohrerschaft 2 münden.The additional cutting edges 7, 8 extend only over part of the diameter of the Drill head and have a radial length s, which is more than 2/3 of the largest radial Diameter of the drill head 5 is. The additional cutting edges 7, 8 protrude beyond peripheral areas 10, 11 of the main cutting edge 6 at least in the axial direction. With They advantageously protrude beyond the peripheral areas 10, 11 of the main cutting edge 6, as in FIG. 3 shown, also in the radial direction. The additional cutting edges 7, 8 each have one radially extending cutting edge 12, 13, one with the axis of the drill shaft 2 Includes an angle of approximately 90 °. Between the additional cutting edges 7, 8 and peripheral regions 10, 11 of the main cutting edge 6 are each essentially axial extending grooves 14, 15 provided in the discharge groove (s) 3 for the drilling dust flow and support the removal of the drilling dust. On the long sides of the Drill head 5, concave or V-shaped recesses 16, 17 are provided, which as Main discharge grooves for the drilling dust and serve in the helical discharge grooves 3 am Drill shaft 2 open.

Im Betrieb eilen die Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 den peripheren Bereichen 10, 11 der Hauptschneide 6 voraus. Dabei sind die konkaven bzw. V-förmigen Hauptabfuhrnuten 16, 17 jeweils den für den hauptsächlichen Materialabtrag zuständigen Zusatzschneiden 7, 8 zugeordnet. Die peripheren Bereiche 10, 11 der Hauptschneide 6 dienen der Führung des Gesteinsbohrers 1 in der Bohrung. Zur Verbesserung der Führungseigenschaften und zur Verringerung der Reibung im Bohrloch sind die axialen Stirnflächen 18, 19 der peripheren Bereiche 10, 11 gekrümmt ausgebildet. Dabei entspricht ihre Krümmung etwa der Krümmung des Bohrerschafts 2.In operation, the additional blades 7, 8 hurry the peripheral areas 10, 11 of the Main cutting edge 6 ahead. The concave or V-shaped main discharge grooves 16, 17 in each case the additional cutting edges responsible for the main material removal 7, 8 assigned. The peripheral areas 10, 11 of the main cutting edge 6 serve the Guiding the rock drill 1 in the hole. To improve the Guiding properties and to reduce friction in the borehole are the axial End faces 18, 19 of the peripheral regions 10, 11 are curved. Here their curvature corresponds approximately to the curvature of the drill shaft 2.

Das in Fig. 4 dargestellte zweite Ausführungsbeispiel eines Bohrkopfs 50 eines erfindungsgemässen Gesteinsbohrers entspricht weitgehend dem Bohrkopf 5 gemäss Fig. 1 - 3. Der Unterschied besteht darin, dass die peripheren Bereiche 51, 52 eine radiale Erstreckung aufweisen, die mit der Achse des Bohrerschafts einen Winkel von etwa 90° einschliesst. Dadurch wird die blosse Führungsfunktion der peripheren Bereiche 51, 52 der Hauptschneide 60 noch weiter unterstrichen.The second exemplary embodiment of a drill head 50 shown in FIG. 4 The rock drill according to the invention largely corresponds to the drill head 5 according to Fig. 1-3. The difference is that the peripheral areas 51, 52 a have radial extension that is at an angle of with the axis of the drill shaft includes about 90 °. As a result, the mere leadership function of the peripheral Areas 51, 52 of the main cutting edge 60 are further underlined.

Claims (10)

Gesteinsbohrer mit einem Bohrerschaft (2), der mit wenigstens einer wendelförmig entlang seiner Längserstreckung verlaufenden Abfuhrnut (3) für abgetragenes Bohrmehl ausgestattet ist und einen gesamthaft aus Hartmetall bestehenden Bohrkopf (5; 50) aufweist, der mit dem Stirnende des Bohrerschafts (2) verbunden ist und eine Hauptschneide (6; 60) sowie wenigstens eine Zusatzschneide (7, 8) aufweist, die jeweils entlang von Diagonalen (D1, D2) des Bohrkopfes (5; 50) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusatzschneide (7, 8) den peripheren Bereich (10, 11; 51, 52) der Hauptschneide (6; 60) axial überragt.Rock drill with a drill shank (2), which is equipped with at least one discharge groove (3) for eroded drilling dust running helically along its longitudinal extent and has a drill head (5; 50) made entirely of hard metal, which is connected to the front end of the drill shank (2) and has a main cutting edge (6; 60) and at least one additional cutting edge (7, 8), which are each arranged along diagonals (D1, D2) of the drill head (5; 50), characterized in that the additional cutting edge (7, 8 ) axially projects beyond the peripheral area (10, 11; 51, 52) of the main cutting edge (6; 60). Gesteinsbohrer nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wenigstens eine Zusatzschneide (7, 8) den peripheren Bereich (10, 11; 51, 52) der Hauptschneide (6; 60) radial überragt.Rock drill according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least an additional cutting edge (7, 8) the peripheral area (10, 11; 51, 52) of Main cutting edge (6; 60) protrudes radially. Gesteinsbohrer nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei Zusatzschneiden (7, 8) vorgesehen sind, die entlang einer Diagonale (D2) des Bohrkopfes angeordnet sind, die mit der Diagonale (D1) der Hauptschneide (6; 60) einen Winkel (α) einschliesst, der kleiner ist als 90° und vorzugsweise etwa 10° bis 50° beträgt.Rock drill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two Additional cutting edges (7, 8) are provided, which along a diagonal (D2) of Drill head are arranged, which with the diagonal (D1) of the main cutting edge (6; 60) includes an angle (α) that is less than 90 ° and preferably approximately Is 10 ° to 50 °. Gesteinsbohrer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hauptschneide (6; 60) einen dachförmig verlaufenden Zentralbereich (9) aufweist, wobei der die Zusatzschneiden (7, 8) axial überragende Zentralbereich (9) eine radiale Erstreckung (l) aufweist, die kleiner oder gleich 1/3 des grössten radialen Durchmessers des Bohrkopfes (5; 50) ist.Rock drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the main cutting edge (6; 60) has a roof-shaped Central area (9), the of the additional cutting edges (7, 8) axially outstanding central area (9) has a radial extension (l) that is smaller or equal to 1/3 of the largest radial diameter of the drill head (5; 50). Gesteinsbohrer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusatzschneiden (7, 8) eine radiale Länge (s) aufweisen, die mehr als 2/3 des grössten radialen Durchmessers des Bohrkopfes (5; 50) beträgt. Rock drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the additional cutting edges (7, 8) have a radial length (s) have more than 2/3 of the largest radial diameter of the drill head (5; 50). Gesteinsbohrer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zusatzschneiden (7, 8) eine radial verlaufende Schneidkante (12, 13) aufweisen, die mit der Achse des Bohrerschafts (2) einen Winkel von etwa 90° einschliesst.Rock drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the additional cutting edges (7, 8) have a radial Have cutting edge (12, 13) which with the axis of the drill shaft (2) Includes an angle of approximately 90 °. Gesteinsbohrer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, bezogen auf die Arbeits-Drehrichtung (R) des Bohrers, die Zusatzschneiden (7, 8) gegenüber den peripheren Bereichen (10, 11; 51, 52) der Hauptschneide (6; 60) vorauseilen und den Zusatzschneiden (7, 8) jeweils Hauptabfuhrnuten (16, 17) für Bohrmehl zugeordnet sind.Rock drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that, based on the working direction of rotation (R) of the drill, the Additional cutting edges (7, 8) opposite the peripheral areas (10, 11; 51, 52) of the Lead the main cutting edge (6; 60) and the additional cutting edges (7, 8) each Main removal grooves (16, 17) for drilling dust are assigned. Gesteinsbohrer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der Hauptschneide (6; 60) und den Nebenschneiden (7, 8) in der Seitenwand des Bohrkopfes (5; 50) jeweils eine im wesentlichen axial verlaufende Nut (14, 15) vorgesehen ist, die in eine wendelförmige am Bohrerschaft (2) angeordnete Abfuhrnut (3) mündet.Rock drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that between the main cutting edge (6; 60) and the Side cutting edges (7, 8) in the side wall of the drill head (5; 50) each one in substantially axially extending groove (14, 15) is provided, which in a helical discharge groove (3) arranged on the drill shaft (2) opens. Gesteinsbohrer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hauptschneide (60) zu beiden Seiten des Zentralbereichs (9) einen peripheren Bereich (51, 52) aufweist, dessen radiale Erstreckung mit der Achse des Bohrerschafts (2) einen Winkel von etwa 90° einschliesst.Rock drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the main cutting edge (60) on both sides of the Central area (9) has a peripheral area (51, 52), the radial Extension with the axis of the drill shaft (2) an angle of about 90 ° includes. Gesteinsbohrer nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die parallel zur Schaftachse verlaufenden Stirnflächen (18, 19) der peripheren Bereiche (10, 11; 51, 52) der Hauptschneiden (6; 60) eine Krümmung aufweisen, die der Krümmung des Bohrerschafts (2) angeglichen ist.Rock drill according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the end faces (18, 19) of the peripheral areas (10, 11; 51, 52) of the main cutting edges (6; 60) Have curvature that is matched to the curvature of the drill shaft (2).
EP98810413A 1997-06-10 1998-05-07 Rock drill bit with helical evacuation grooves Expired - Lifetime EP0884448B1 (en)

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DE19724373A DE19724373A1 (en) 1997-06-10 1997-06-10 Rock drill
DE19724373 1997-06-10

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EP0884448B1 (en) 2004-12-08
DK0884448T3 (en) 2005-04-11
DE59812348D1 (en) 2005-01-13
EP0884448A3 (en) 2002-03-27
DE19724373A1 (en) 1998-12-17
JPH1193558A (en) 1999-04-06
US6129162A (en) 2000-10-10
JP4046851B2 (en) 2008-02-13

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