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EP0738173B1 - Fall-arresting safety apparatus - Google Patents

Fall-arresting safety apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0738173B1
EP0738173B1 EP95906363A EP95906363A EP0738173B1 EP 0738173 B1 EP0738173 B1 EP 0738173B1 EP 95906363 A EP95906363 A EP 95906363A EP 95906363 A EP95906363 A EP 95906363A EP 0738173 B1 EP0738173 B1 EP 0738173B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulley
wheel disk
fixed
rope
flexible linkage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95906363A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0738173A1 (en
Inventor
Marcel José Peltier
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0738173A1 publication Critical patent/EP0738173A1/en
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Publication of EP0738173B1 publication Critical patent/EP0738173B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/04—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage
    • B66D3/06—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage with more than one pulley
    • B66D3/10—Applications of braking or detent devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
    • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
    • A62B1/08—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys
    • A62B1/10—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brake mechanisms for the winches or pulleys mechanically operated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a security device anti-fall intended in particular for operators operating in height or on inclined planes, for example on ladders, pylons, chimneys, roofs, facades or in wells, and allowing ascent or descent of these operators or loads along a flexible link, for example a cable, rope or strap.
  • a security device anti-fall intended in particular for operators operating in height or on inclined planes, for example on ladders, pylons, chimneys, roofs, facades or in wells, and allowing ascent or descent of these operators or loads along a flexible link, for example a cable, rope or strap.
  • Security devices can be classified fall protection in two main categories according to their use with fixed or current attachment point.
  • a first category relates to devices intended to be hung on a fixed point in height and connected to a operator or to a load via a cable mobile leaving the device.
  • This device has many disadvantages, in particular a risk of breaking or damaging the cable due to the direct connection with the drum, a unsuitable for use with attachment point current and a very important weight.
  • this cable is returned to the device by a return spring, which deprives the operator of any use of the device.
  • attachment point refers to devices intended for sliding or roll back and forth along a cable, the operator being connected to the chassis of the device, for example by through a harness.
  • this device is not very reliable or even dangerous. Because if in his fall the operator clings to the device, which is frequent in such a case, braking cannot not occur because the notched jaw is no longer actuated by the operator's fall.
  • this device only works in one sense, which can be dangerous if the device is installed in the wrong direction on the cable.
  • the present invention therefore aims to avoid disadvantages mentioned above and to propose a two-way anti-fall safety, which is extremely reliable from a security point of view, which prevents damage to the cable, which is adaptable for a fixed or common attachment point use, which is easily unlockable and light in weight, and which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • the present invention relates to a anti-fall safety device comprising at least one flange on the internal face of which is mounted madly a pulley with circular groove for receiving a link flexible, blocking means being formed respectively on the facing faces of said pulley and said flange to selectively allow blocking in relative rotation of said pulley and of said flange when the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pulley exceeds a value of predetermined threshold and the free rotation of the pulley in the otherwise, characterized in that said apparatus comprises in addition two screeds joined and spaced from each other, on the internal faces and opposite which are journalled said flange and pulley through of a common axis of rotation and in that each flange is able to move between at least two inclined positions active, in which at least two stop members, which are provided at the periphery respectively of said flange and said yokes, cooperate to brake and immobilize, by for example by pinching or tightening, said flexible link, and a so-called central
  • the blocking of the pulley and braking of the flexible link is therefore effected by different means, but which cooperate with each other.
  • the flanges serve as a movable stop allowing brake the flexible link in the event of a fall operator or load.
  • each flange is biased towards said rest position by elastic return means, such as connecting springs said yokes to said flange, which facilitates the unlock the device after a fall and prevent all inadvertent blocking of the device.
  • the apparatus of the invention advantageously comprises two flanges integral and spaced from each other, for example by spacers, to receive between their internal faces and opposite said pulley, the flanges being movable in rotation with respect to the yokes.
  • the stop members are arranged on either side of the section flexible link to be braked to grip and pinch it when each flange is moved to one of said active positions.
  • one of the two stop members is mobile and the other fixed on their respective support, the organ movable stop bearing on the fixed stop member during moving each flange to the active position, for example via a cam profile or in the form of a flexible bond, which causes the displacement of the movable stop member and the pinching of the link section flexible to be braked between the pulley groove and said movable stop member.
  • the apparatus may also include means on said yokes and said flange to limit displacement of the flange in the active position and in particular to avoid deterioration and shearing of the flexible link, these means limiters which can possibly be arranged on the organs abovementioned stop.
  • guide means such as rollers, small pulleys or fixed spacers are fitted between the yokes of the device in the vicinity of the outlet of the two opposite sections of the flexible link and arranged substantially on either side of the pulley to orient the flexible link in a substantially straight direction or vertical in the case of use with hooking point current, and to keep said flexible link in the device.
  • guide means are mounted between the yokes of the device at the exit of the two opposite sections of flexible link and arranged on the same side of the pulley and in the vicinity of each others to give the flexible link a form substantially U-shaped in the case of point use fixed attachment.
  • the device includes an indexing system allowing adjust the position of said stop members and / or said guide means, so as to allow the use of the same device in the case of a current attachment point or fixed.
  • the stop members and / or the guide means belong to a range of shape and size modules which can be adapted on the same device through the aforementioned indexing system.
  • the apparatus of the invention may optionally include a mobile counterweight at one end of the flexible link and comprising a braking means for maintaining the counterweight in position on the flexible link in the absence of external forced solicitation.
  • the apparatus may include at least one scraper member mounted on the device in the vicinity of the outlet of at least one of the two opposite flexible link sections, so that clean the latter, this scraper member being consisting for example of a rigid helical and coaxial wire with said flexible link section to be cleaned.
  • the fall protection device 1 is intended for be hooked to a fixed point in height via a hooking ring or carabiner 2 (shown on the Figures 3, 7 and 8) and supports a mobile rope 3 in rotation inside said apparatus.
  • rope 3 can be replaced by any suitable flexible link, such as a cable, strap or link chain.
  • Rope 3 is partially wrapped around a movable pulley 4 and the two opposite ends of the rope 3 come out, in Figure 1, substantially parallel on the same side of the central pulley 4, so as to give the rope a substantially U shape.
  • One of the two ends of the rope 3 is intended for be hooked for example to an operator or to a load go down or go up, while the other end is intended to support a counterweight (not shown) ensuring straightness and tensioning of line 3 or to be manually operated by another operator.
  • the pulley 4 is mounted madly between two flanges 5 which are themselves rotatably mounted between two plates forming yoke 6, via a common rotation shaft 7.
  • the yokes 6 constitute the chassis of the apparatus and may have any shape allowing passage rope in the device.
  • the pulley 4 has a circular groove 8 for the reception of the rope 3.
  • the section of the circular groove 8 can be semi-circular, U-shaped or have any shape suitable for flexible link she should receive.
  • the two ends or opposite strands of rope 3 slide respectively on a guide member 9, such as a roller or a small pulley, the spacing of these two guide members 9 being less to the diameter of the pulley 4.
  • a guide member 9 such as a roller or a small pulley
  • the two flanges 5 are interconnected by spacers 10 at the periphery of the pulley 4 and the two clevis 6 are also interconnected by spacers 11 arranged at the periphery of the flanges 5.
  • a spring 12 is connected at its two ends respectively on the flanges 5 and on the yokes 6.
  • the flanges 5 cannot therefore rotate freely around axis 7 because they are biased towards a central position called rest (shown in Figure 1) by a force of elastic return generated by this spring 12.
  • this spring 12 connects a spacer 10 flanges 5 to another spacer 11 of the yokes 6, of swivel and elastic.
  • the pivoting of the pulley 4 is represented by two arrows oriented clockwise and the trigonometric sense.
  • a fixed member forming a stop 13, disposed at the periphery of the pulley 4 and between the two opposite strands of rope 3, substantially before the contact zone between the pulley 4 and the rope 3.
  • the fixed stop member 13 is integral with the flanges 5 and rotates jointly with the latter between two so-called active inclined positions (one of which is shown in FIG. 2), in which the fixed stop member 13 cooperates with one of said spacers 11 to come grip and pinch one of the strands of cord 3, so that brake the latter between them.
  • the fixed stop member 13 has two surfaces symmetrical curves, possibly crenellated (see figure 1), able to pinch the rope 3 when moving the flanges 5 in their active positions.
  • braking of line 3 takes place on the opposite strand of rope to the one directly connected to the operator or to the load which is at the origin of the blockage following an accidental fall.
  • the spacers 11 can serve as an axis of rotation for the small pulleys 9, attachment point for the spring 12, constitute stop members for braking the rope 3 or allow the pinching of the latter to be limited.
  • the apparatus of the invention further comprises means lockable block between pulley 4 and flanges 5 to drive them to the active positions.
  • FIG. 4 There is shown in Figure 4 a particular example locking means consisting of two weights forming ratchet 16 mounted with free rotation on said pins eccentrics 15 which project perpendicularly from said faces of the pulley 4.
  • the two pawls 16 are elastically connected by two springs 17.
  • Notches 18 are formed circularly in the faces next to the flanges 5 so that the imaginary circle 19 which passes through the top of said notches 18 circumscribes the pawls 16 when they are retracted towards the center 7 of the pulley under the action of the spring return 17.
  • the imaginary circle 19 is centered on the axis 7 of the pulley 4.
  • the notches 18 are formed at the periphery of a recess 20 formed in the facing faces of said flanges 5, said recess 20 housing the pawls 16.
  • the movable pawls 16 are able to move between a so-called retracted position (shown in FIG. 4) and a so-called locking position in which the pawls 16 abut against the notches 18 via of a 16a of their ends.
  • the pawls 16 move away from this retracted position when the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pulley 4 exceeds a threshold value predetermined function of the stiffness of the springs 17.
  • the blocking means described above has been known since a long time and the present invention is not limited to this special locking means.
  • two identical flanges 5 are provided, with the same notches 18 and the same recess 20.
  • the notches 18 face an opposite direction which allows the pawls arranged to on either side of the pulley 4 to come to block in rotation the pulley 4 with respect to the flanges 5 in each direction of rotation, respectively through the ends 16 and 16b of the pawls 16.
  • This blocking means therefore makes it possible to produce a blocking in both directions of rotation of the pulley with a single flyweight formed on one side of the pulley.
  • each notch 18 has a radial abutment surface 18a and a guide surface 18b which deviates slightly from the imaginary circle 19.
  • the flanges 5 show in FIGS. 4 to 7 and 9 a peripheral contour provided with regularly spaced lobes 21, these lobes 21 may have a function similar to that legs 14 above.
  • the springs 12 are arranged laterally on the device on either side of the pulley 4 and oriented substantially in a direction parallel to the strands of rope 3 coming out of device 1.
  • the two springs 12 are fixed to a spacer 11 which is also used for hanging in height, said springs 12 being connected to each other end with two different spacers 10 arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through axis 7 of the device.
  • the two springs 12 are arranged symmetrically with respect to axis 7 and in a plane vertical.
  • the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 5 comprises two movable stop members 22 intended to fill the same function that the stop member 13 in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the movable stop members 22 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through axis 7, on the side opposite to the exit side of line 3 and they are articulated on the flanges 5 at the periphery of the pulley 4.
  • the movable abutment members 22 brake the rope 3 by pinching it inside the groove 8 of the pulley 4.
  • Each movable stop member 22 is actuated by pivoting against rope 3 via an arm eccentric 22a forming a cam whose profile rests against a fixed spacer 11 forming cam roller, when moving flanges to their active position.
  • the two movable stop members 22 are connected by a spring 23 at the free end of their respective arm 22a in order to keep the stop members 22 in position retracted during normal operation of the appliance 1.
  • FIG 6 there are also provided two movable stop 24 articulated on the yokes 6 symmetrically relative to a vertical plane passing through the axis 7.
  • the movable stop members 24 constitute a cam of which the free end is clamped between a stop member fixed, for example a spacer 10, and the rope 3.
  • the braking of line 3 is therefore effected by pinching the rope 3 between the end of the cam 24 and the groove 8 of the pulley 4 following pivoting of the flanges 5 and sliding of the fixed stop member forming a cam roller 10 on the cam profile 24.
  • the cams 24 are arranged on the side opposite the side of exit of line 3 to brake the opposite line of line 3 to the strand of rope 3 which is directly connected to the load or to the operator, which improves the braking of the rope 3 by rubbing it over about a half circumference in the groove of the pulley.
  • cams 24 on the same side as the exit side of line 3 for brake the strand of rope 3 which directly supports the load or operator.
  • the stop members for braking the rope 3 are arranged outside rope 3, unlike the embodiment illustrated in the figures 1 to 3.
  • the apparatus also includes two stop members 25 mobile and articulated on the flanges 5 and which constitute respectively a cam which is able to pinch the rope 3 against the pulley groove following displacement of a part of the cam profile on a fixed stop member forming a cam roller, for example a spacer 11, provided between the screeds 6.
  • the cams 25 also have at their free end a shoulder forming a hook 25a capable of engaging with a stop provided between the yokes 6 and preferably with the spacer 11 forming a cam roller, following the displacement flanges 5 in the active position, which in particular makes it possible to limit the pinching of line 3 and avoid any risk of shearing or deterioration thereof.
  • each flexible stop member 26 being connected at its ends respectively to a spacer 10 of flange and a spacer 11 of clevis.
  • the flexible stop member 26 follows the contour of the rope 3 partially along its passage on the pulley 4, the ends of this flexible stop member 26 being disposed substantially on either side of the pulley 4.
  • Braking of line 3 is therefore carried out by a pinching between said flexible stop members 26 and the groove 8 of the pulley 4. This pinching is carried out moreover over a greater part of the circumference of the pulley, compared to the illustrated embodiments previously.
  • These flexible stop members 26 are arranged on the figure 8 symmetrically with respect to a passing median plane by axis 7.
  • a rigid helical wire forming a scraper 35 is fixed to one of its ends on the device 1 at the exit of one of the two opposite flexible link sections 3, for cleaning the latter of any dirt or sludge that could jam the mechanism of the device.
  • the wire 35 is coaxial with said link section flexible to clean and its other end is free.
  • braking of the rope 3 takes place by means of two movable stop members 27 and 28 articulated at one end respectively on the flanges 5 and the yokes 6, said movable stop members 27 and 28 are in the form of two longitudinal bars interconnected in a hinged manner by a series parallel rings 29.
  • each opposite strand of the rope 3 is guided laterally and longitudinally by said bars 27 and 28 and passes through the central hole 30 of the rings 29.
  • bars 27 and 28 remain substantially oriented in the same direction, but the rings 29 tilt to follow the movement of the bars 27 and brake the line 3 at its two strands opposites.
  • the rings 29 are shown in more detail on the Figures 10a and 10b.
  • the rings 29 have a central hole 30 through which the rope 3 passes and have two legs 31 which project at the periphery of the ring 29 diametrically relative to the hole 30.
  • These tabs 31 are also drilled with a hole 31a with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the hole 30 for the articulated connection on the two bars 27 and 28.
  • the device 1 of the invention can be hooked in height other than by the hooking ring 2, for example at the level of the central axis 7 of the device.
  • This type of attachment is particularly advantageous for raise the axis of rotation of the pulley 4 when the device must be fixed for example on a tripod above a access to a network of underground pipes.
  • FIG. 11 shows a device 1 ′ of the invention intended for use at a point of attachment running on a rope 3.
  • rope 3 is hooked here at one end in height and the other end has a counterweight (not shown here) intended to ensure a predetermined tension in the rope 3.
  • the attachment ring 2 is here intended to be directly attached to the harness of an operator who trains with him during his descent or ascent the device 1 '.
  • This harness can also be directly attached to the level of the common axis 7, for example via of a handle.
  • braking of a strand of rope 3 takes place between a stirrup 32 in U shape in which the rope 3 slides at the outlet of the pulley 4 and a movable and notched stop member 33 articulated at one end on the yokes 6 and at the other end on an arm 34 itself articulated on a lug 14 flanges 5.
  • the stirrup 32 and the movable stop member 33 are arranged on either side of rope 3 at the exit of the pulley 4 to grip the rope 3 in the event of a fall the operator.
  • the two movable stop members 33 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a median plane passing through the axis 7 of the pulley 4.
  • the device 1 ' is arranged horizontally in the figure 11, but of course it can be oriented vertically when of its use.
  • the device 1 is particularly reliable from the point of safety view, when used properly current attachment, because even if the operator clings to the device braking of line 3 is always operational.
  • the operator does not need to endure continuously the weight of the device 1 ', for example when the operator is in stationary position, because the weight of the device generates automatic braking of this one on the rope 3.
  • the second device 1 prevents operator or load from falling by braking on the opposite side of the rope which has been blocked at the device 1 hooked in height thanks to the braking in the two senses of it.
  • the counterweight can advantageously be mobile and include braking means to maintain the counterweight in position on the rope in the absence of stress forced external.
  • the mobile counterweight allows the operator to continue his descent or ascent.
  • This braking means can be constituted for example by an internal tube with a diameter slightly smaller than rope used or by a body likely to exert a predetermined pressure on the rope.
  • the counterweight may have an ovoid shape or hemispherical and have an elastic outer coating for shock absorption, for example in material foam, to protect the user from possible impact with the counterweight.
  • the apparatus of the invention can use hauling to increase the forces applied to the rope.
  • the small pulley 9 of the variant illustrated in Figure 9 can be used for such hauling.
  • Rope 3 is then braked in an extremely short time short.
  • the unlocking of the apparatus of the invention is automatic as soon as the stress F is removed, thanks to at the elastic return of the spring 12.
  • the device 1 In case of a fall, the device 1 'is driven quickly down, which accelerates the rolling speed of the pulley 4 on line 3 and similarly causes the relative blocking of the flanges 5 and of the pulley 4 and the braking on a section of rope 3.
  • Unblocking is also done automatically by eliminating the stress exerted on the device 1 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
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  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR95/00006 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 3, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 3, 1996 PCT Filed Jan. 4, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO95/18650 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 13, 1995A fall-arresting apparatus comprising a pair of connected spaced-apart shell with a flange and pulley rotatably mounted thereto via a common shaft. The flange being movable between two operative positions in which abutment portions break and stop a flexible linkage, and an inoperative position wherein the flexible linkage slides through a channel in the pulley.

Description

La présente invention concerne un appareil de sécurité anti-chute destiné notamment à des opérateurs évoluant en hauteur ou sur des plans inclinés, par exemple sur des échelles, des pylônes, des cheminées, des toits, des façades ou dans des puits, et permettant l'ascension ou la descente de ces opérateurs ou de charges le long d'un lien flexible, par exemple un câble, une corde ou une sangle.The present invention relates to a security device anti-fall intended in particular for operators operating in height or on inclined planes, for example on ladders, pylons, chimneys, roofs, facades or in wells, and allowing ascent or descent of these operators or loads along a flexible link, for example a cable, rope or strap.

Il est possible de classer les appareils de sécurité anti-chute en deux catégories principales suivant leur utilisation à point d'accrochage fixe ou courant.Security devices can be classified fall protection in two main categories according to their use with fixed or current attachment point.

Une première catégorie concerne les appareils destinés à être accrochés à un point fixe en hauteur et reliés à un opérateur ou à une charge par l'intermédiaire d'un câble mobile sortant de l'appareil.A first category relates to devices intended to be hung on a fixed point in height and connected to a operator or to a load via a cable mobile leaving the device.

Dans cette catégorie, on connaít un appareil à enrouleur comportant un câble attaché à une extrémité et enroulé sur un tambour, l'autre extrémité du câble étant fixée par exemple sur le harnais d'un opérateur. En cas de chute de ce dernier, un dispositif de verrouillage commandé par la force centrifuge bloque en rotation le tambour, ce qui interrompt le déroulement du câble et arrête instantanément la chute de l'opérateur.In this category, we know a device reel with a cable attached to one end and wound on a drum, the other end of the cable being fixed for example on an operator's harness. In case of fall of the latter, a controlled locking device by centrifugal force rotates the drum, which interrupts cable unwinding and stops instantly operator fall.

Cet appareil présente de nombreux inconvénients, notamment un risque de rupture ou de détérioration du câble du fait de la liaison directe avec le tambour, une inadaptation pour une utilisation à point d'accrochage courant et un poids très important.This device has many disadvantages, in particular a risk of breaking or damaging the cable due to the direct connection with the drum, a unsuitable for use with attachment point current and a very important weight.

En outre, lorsque l'opérateur libère l'extrémité du câble à laquelle il est directement attaché, ce câble est rappelé vers l'appareil par un ressort de rappel, ce qui prive l'opérateur de toute utilisation de l'appareil.In addition, when the operator releases the end of the cable to which it is directly attached, this cable is returned to the device by a return spring, which deprives the operator of any use of the device.

La deuxième catégorie dite à point d'accrochage "courant" concerne les appareils destinés à glisser ou à rouler dans les deux sens le long d'un câble, l'opérateur étant relié au châssis de l'appareil, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un harnais. The second category known as attachment point "common" refers to devices intended for sliding or roll back and forth along a cable, the operator being connected to the chassis of the device, for example by through a harness.

On connaít déjà un appareil de cette catégorie permettant d'effectuer un freinage sur le câble par l'intermédiaire d'une mâchoire crantée qui vient pincer le câble par basculement suite à la chute de l'opérateur.We already know a device of this category allowing braking on the cable by through a notched jaw which pinches the cable by tilting following the fall of the operator.

Cependant cet appareil est peu fiable voire dangereux car si dans sa chute l'opérateur s'accroche à l'appareil, ce qui est fréquent dans un pareil cas, le freinage ne peut pas se produire car la mâchoire crantée n'est plus actionnée par la chute de l'opérateur.However, this device is not very reliable or even dangerous. because if in his fall the operator clings to the device, which is frequent in such a case, braking cannot not occur because the notched jaw is no longer actuated by the operator's fall.

En outre cet appareil ne fonctionne que dans un seul sens, ce qui peut constituer un danger si l'appareil est installé dans un mauvais sens sur le câble.In addition, this device only works in one sense, which can be dangerous if the device is installed in the wrong direction on the cable.

On connaít un document FR.A.2 149 047 (D1) qui décrit un autre appareil qui peut fonctionner quelque soit le sens de son installation sur le câble, et qui est constitué de deux flasques entre faces en regard desquels est monté folle poulie à gorge circulaire pour la réception d'un câble flexible, des moyens de blocage étant formés respectivement sur les faces en regard de la poulie et des flasques pour sélectivement permettre le blocage en rotation relative de ces derniers lorsque la force centrifuge engendrée par la rotation de la poulie dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée et la libre rotation de la poulie dans le cas contraire, le freinage du câble en cas de chute étant obtenu par pénétration du câble dans la gorge de la poulie à la suite de l'effort provoqué par la chute, le profil particulier de la gorge exerçant un pincement du câble.We know a document FR.A.2 149 047 (D1) which describes another device that can work in any direction of its installation on the cable, and which consists of two flanges between faces opposite which is mounted crazy pulley with circular groove for the reception of a flexible cable, blocking means being formed respectively on the facing faces of the pulley and flanges to selectively allow blocking in relative rotation of these when the force centrifugal caused by the rotation of the pulley exceeds a predetermined threshold value and the free rotation of the pulley otherwise, the braking of the cable in fall being obtained by penetration of the cable into the throat of the pulley as a result of the effort caused by the fall, the particular profile of the throat exerting a cable pinching.

Toutefois, aucun des appareils de cette seconde catégorie ne peut être adapté pour une utilisation à point d'accrochage fixe.However, none of the devices of this second category cannot be adapted for point use fixed attachment.

La présente invention a donc pour but d'éviter les inconvénients précités et de proposer un appareil de sécurité anti-chute qui fonctionne dans les deux sens, qui est extrêmement fiable du point de vue de la sécurité, qui évite toute détérioration du câble, qui est adaptable pour une utilisation à point d'accrochage soit fixe ou courant, qui est facilement déblocable et de faible poids, et qui est de fabrication simple et peu coûteuse. The present invention therefore aims to avoid disadvantages mentioned above and to propose a two-way anti-fall safety, which is extremely reliable from a security point of view, which prevents damage to the cable, which is adaptable for a fixed or common attachment point use, which is easily unlockable and light in weight, and which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un appareil de sécurité anti-chute comportant au moins un flasque sur la face interne duquel est montée folle une poulie à gorge circulaire pour la réception d'un lien flexible, des moyens de blocage étant formés respectivement sur les faces en regard de ladite poulie et dudit flasque pour sélectivement permettre le blocage en rotation relative de ladite poulie et dudit flasque lorsque la force centrifuge engendrée par la rotation de la poulie dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée et la libre rotation de la poulie dans le cas contraire, caractérisé en ce que ledit appareil comporte en outre deux chapes solidaires et espacées l'une de l'autre, sur les faces internes et en regard desquelles sont tourillonnés lesdits flasque et poulie par l'intermédiaire d'un axe de rotation commun et en ce que chaque flasque est apte à se déplacer entre au moins deux positions inclinées actives, dans lesquelles au moins deux organes de butée, qui sont prévus à la périphérie respectivement dudit flasque et desdites chapes, coopèrent pour freiner et immobiliser, par exemple par pincement ou serrage, ledit lien flexible, et une position centrale dite de repos, dans laquelle le lien flexible peut glisser dans la gorge de ladite poulie.To this end, the present invention relates to a anti-fall safety device comprising at least one flange on the internal face of which is mounted madly a pulley with circular groove for receiving a link flexible, blocking means being formed respectively on the facing faces of said pulley and said flange to selectively allow blocking in relative rotation of said pulley and of said flange when the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pulley exceeds a value of predetermined threshold and the free rotation of the pulley in the otherwise, characterized in that said apparatus comprises in addition two screeds joined and spaced from each other, on the internal faces and opposite which are journalled said flange and pulley through of a common axis of rotation and in that each flange is able to move between at least two inclined positions active, in which at least two stop members, which are provided at the periphery respectively of said flange and said yokes, cooperate to brake and immobilize, by for example by pinching or tightening, said flexible link, and a so-called central position of rest, in which the link flexible can slide in the groove of said pulley.

Dans l'appareil de l'invention, le blocage de la poulie et le freinage du lien flexible s'effectuent donc par des moyens différents, mais qui coopèrent entre eux.In the apparatus of the invention, the blocking of the pulley and braking of the flexible link is therefore effected by different means, but which cooperate with each other.

Les flasques servent de butée mobile permettant de réaliser le freinage du lien flexible en cas de chute de l'opérateur ou d'une charge.The flanges serve as a movable stop allowing brake the flexible link in the event of a fall operator or load.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, chaque flasque est sollicité vers ladite position de repos par des moyens élastiques de rappel, tels que des ressorts reliant lesdites chapes audit flasque, ce qui permet de faciliter le déblocage de l'appareil après une chute et d'empêcher tout blocage intempestif de l'appareil.According to a characteristic of the invention, each flange is biased towards said rest position by elastic return means, such as connecting springs said yokes to said flange, which facilitates the unlock the device after a fall and prevent all inadvertent blocking of the device.

L'appareil de l'invention comporte avantageusement deux flasques solidaires et espacés l'un de l'autre, par exemple par des entretoises, pour recevoir entre leurs faces internes et en regard ladite poulie, les flasques étant mobiles en rotation par rapport aux chapes.The apparatus of the invention advantageously comprises two flanges integral and spaced from each other, for example by spacers, to receive between their internal faces and opposite said pulley, the flanges being movable in rotation with respect to the yokes.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les organes de butée sont disposés de part et d'autre du tronçon du lien flexible à freiner pour venir l'enserrer et le pincer lorsque chaque flasque est déplacé vers l'une desdites positions actives.According to another characteristic of the invention, the stop members are arranged on either side of the section flexible link to be braked to grip and pinch it when each flange is moved to one of said active positions.

En alternative, l'un des deux organes de butée est mobile et l'autre fixe sur leur support respectif, l'organe de butée mobile s'appuyant sur l'organe fixe de butée lors du déplacement de chaque flasque en position active, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'un profil de came ou sous la forme d'une liaison souple, ce qui provoque le déplacement de l'organe de butée mobile et le pincement du tronçon de lien flexible à freiner entre la gorge de la poulie et ledit organe de butée mobile.Alternatively, one of the two stop members is mobile and the other fixed on their respective support, the organ movable stop bearing on the fixed stop member during moving each flange to the active position, for example via a cam profile or in the form of a flexible bond, which causes the displacement of the movable stop member and the pinching of the link section flexible to be braked between the pulley groove and said movable stop member.

L'appareil peut également comporter des moyens sur lesdites chapes et ledit flasque pour limiter le déplacement du flasque en position active et notamment pour éviter la détérioration et le cisaillement du lien flexible, ces moyens limiteurs pouvant éventuellement être ménagés sur les organes de butée précités.The apparatus may also include means on said yokes and said flange to limit displacement of the flange in the active position and in particular to avoid deterioration and shearing of the flexible link, these means limiters which can possibly be arranged on the organs abovementioned stop.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, des moyens de guidage, tels que des rouleaux, des petites poulies ou des entretoises fixes, sont montés entre les chapes de l'appareil au voisinage de la sortie des deux tronçons opposés du lien flexible et disposés sensiblement de part et d'autre de la poulie pour orienter le lien flexible dans une direction sensiblement rectiligne ou verticale dans le cas d'une utilisation à point d'accrochage courant, et pour maintenir ledit lien flexible dans l'appareil.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, guide means, such as rollers, small pulleys or fixed spacers are fitted between the yokes of the device in the vicinity of the outlet of the two opposite sections of the flexible link and arranged substantially on either side of the pulley to orient the flexible link in a substantially straight direction or vertical in the case of use with hooking point current, and to keep said flexible link in the device.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, des moyens de guidage sont montés entre les chapes de l'appareil à la sortie des deux tronçons opposés de lien flexible et disposés du même côté de la poulie et au voisinage les uns des autres pour conférer au lien flexible une forme sensiblement en U dans le cas d'une utilisation à point d'accrochage fixe.According to another embodiment of the invention, guide means are mounted between the yokes of the device at the exit of the two opposite sections of flexible link and arranged on the same side of the pulley and in the vicinity of each others to give the flexible link a form substantially U-shaped in the case of point use fixed attachment.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'appareil comporte un système d'indexage permettant de régler la position desdits organes de butée et/ou desdits moyens de guidage, de manière à permettre l'utilisation du même appareil dans le cas d'un point d'accrochage courant ou fixe.According to another characteristic of the invention, the device includes an indexing system allowing adjust the position of said stop members and / or said guide means, so as to allow the use of the same device in the case of a current attachment point or fixed.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les organes de butée et/ou les moyens de guidage appartiennent à une gamme de modules de forme et de taille prédéterminées qui peuvent être adaptés sur le même appareil par l'intermédiaire du système d'indexage précité.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the stop members and / or the guide means belong to a range of shape and size modules which can be adapted on the same device through the aforementioned indexing system.

L'appareil de l'invention peut éventuellement comporter un contrepoids mobile à l'une des extrémités du lien flexible et comportant un moyen de freinage pour maintenir le contrepoids en position sur le lien flexible en l'absence de sollicitation forcée externe.The apparatus of the invention may optionally include a mobile counterweight at one end of the flexible link and comprising a braking means for maintaining the counterweight in position on the flexible link in the absence of external forced solicitation.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'appareil peut comporter au moins un organe formant racloir monté sur l'appareil au voisinage de la sortie d'au moins l'un des deux tronçons opposés de lien flexible, de manière à nettoyer ce dernier, cet organe formant racloir étant constitué par exemple d'un fil rigide hélicoïdal et coaxial avec ledit tronçon de lien flexible à nettoyer.According to another characteristic of the invention, the apparatus may include at least one scraper member mounted on the device in the vicinity of the outlet of at least one of the two opposite flexible link sections, so that clean the latter, this scraper member being consisting for example of a rigid helical and coaxial wire with said flexible link section to be cleaned.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, caractéristiques, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaítront plus clairement au cours de la description explicative qui va suivre de plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers actuellement préférés de l'invention, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples illustratifs et non limitatifs, en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation frontale et en coupe suivant un plan central perpendiculaire à un axe commun de rotation, d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'appareil de l'invention, destiné à une utilisation à point d'accrochage fixe ;
  • la figure 2 représente l'appareil de la figure 1 en position active ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique, partielle et en coupe de l'appareil de l'invention, suivant la ligne III-III de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique des moyens de blocage de la poulie de l'appareil de l'invention ;
  • les figures 5 à 9 sont des vues schématiques de différentes variantes de réalisation de l'appareil illustré sur la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 10a et 10b sont des vues schématiques respectivement latérale et de dessus d'un détail de la figure 9 ; et
  • la figure 11 est une vue schématique en élévation frontale et en coupe, suivant un plan central perpendiculaire à un axe commun de rotation, d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'appareil de l'invention, destiné à une utilisation à point d'accrochage courant.
The invention will be better understood and other objects, characteristics, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly during the explanatory description which will follow of several particular presently preferred embodiments of the invention, given solely by way of illustrative and nonlimiting examples, with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view in front elevation and in section along a central plane perpendicular to a common axis of rotation, of a first embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, intended for use with attachment point fixed;
  • Figure 2 shows the apparatus of Figure 1 in the active position;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic, partial and sectional view of the apparatus of the invention, taken along line III-III of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the blocking means of the pulley of the apparatus of the invention;
  • Figures 5 to 9 are schematic views of different alternative embodiments of the apparatus illustrated in Figure 1;
  • Figures 10a and 10b are schematic side and top views respectively of a detail of Figure 9; and
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view in front elevation and in section, along a central plane perpendicular to a common axis of rotation, of a second embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, intended for use at point of current snap.

Suivant l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la figure 1, l'appareil de sécurité anti-chute 1 est destiné à être accroché à un point fixe en hauteur par l'intermédiaire d'un anneau d'accrochage ou mousqueton 2 (représenté sur les figures 3, 7 et 8) et supporte un cordage 3 mobile en rotation à l'intérieur dudit appareil.According to the example of embodiment shown on the Figure 1, the fall protection device 1 is intended for be hooked to a fixed point in height via a hooking ring or carabiner 2 (shown on the Figures 3, 7 and 8) and supports a mobile rope 3 in rotation inside said apparatus.

Bien entendu le cordage 3 peut être remplacé par tout lien flexible adapté, tel qu'un câble, une sangle ou une chaíne à maillons.Of course rope 3 can be replaced by any suitable flexible link, such as a cable, strap or link chain.

Le cordage 3 vient s'enrouler partiellement autour d'une poulie mobile 4 et les deux extrémités opposées du cordage 3 sortent, sur la figure 1, sensiblement parallèlement du même côté de la poulie centrale 4, de manière à conférer au cordage une forme sensiblement en U.Rope 3 is partially wrapped around a movable pulley 4 and the two opposite ends of the rope 3 come out, in Figure 1, substantially parallel on the same side of the central pulley 4, so as to give the rope a substantially U shape.

L'une des deux extrémités du cordage 3 est destinée à être accrochée par exemple à un opérateur ou à une charge à descendre ou à monter, alors que l'autre extrémité est destinée à supporter un contrepoids (non représenté) assurant la rectitude et la mise sous tension du cordage 3 ou à être actionnée manuellement par un autre opérateur.One of the two ends of the rope 3 is intended for be hooked for example to an operator or to a load go down or go up, while the other end is intended to support a counterweight (not shown) ensuring straightness and tensioning of line 3 or to be manually operated by another operator.

La poulie 4 est montée folle entre deux flasques 5 qui sont eux-mêmes montés à rotation entre deux plaques formant chape 6, par l'intermédiaire d'un arbre de rotation commun 7.The pulley 4 is mounted madly between two flanges 5 which are themselves rotatably mounted between two plates forming yoke 6, via a common rotation shaft 7.

Les chapes 6 constituent le châssis de l'appareil et peuvent présenter une forme quelconque permettant le passage du cordage dans l'appareil.The yokes 6 constitute the chassis of the apparatus and may have any shape allowing passage rope in the device.

La poulie 4 comporte une gorge circulaire 8 pour la réception du cordage 3.The pulley 4 has a circular groove 8 for the reception of the rope 3.

La section de la gorge circulaire 8 peut être semi-circulaire, en forme de U ou présenter toute forme adaptée au lien flexible qu'elle doit recevoir.The section of the circular groove 8 can be semi-circular, U-shaped or have any shape suitable for flexible link she should receive.

A la sortie de l'appareil 1, les deux extrémités ou brins opposés du cordage 3 glissent respectivement sur un organe de guidage 9, tel qu'un rouleau ou une petite poulie, l'écartement de ces deux organes de guidage 9 étant inférieur au diamètre de la poulie 4.On leaving the device 1, the two ends or opposite strands of rope 3 slide respectively on a guide member 9, such as a roller or a small pulley, the spacing of these two guide members 9 being less to the diameter of the pulley 4.

Les deux flasques 5 sont reliés entre eux par des entretoises 10 à la périphérie de la poulie 4 et les deux chapes 6 sont également reliées entre-elles par des entretoises 11 disposées à la périphérie des flasques 5.The two flanges 5 are interconnected by spacers 10 at the periphery of the pulley 4 and the two clevis 6 are also interconnected by spacers 11 arranged at the periphery of the flanges 5.

Un ressort 12 est relié à ses deux extrémités respectivement sur les flasques 5 et sur les chapes 6. Les flasques 5 ne peuvent donc pas tourner librement autour de l'axe 7 car ils sont sollicités vers une position centrale dite de repos (représentée sur la figure 1) par une force de rappel élastique engendrée par ce ressort 12.A spring 12 is connected at its two ends respectively on the flanges 5 and on the yokes 6. The flanges 5 cannot therefore rotate freely around axis 7 because they are biased towards a central position called rest (shown in Figure 1) by a force of elastic return generated by this spring 12.

Avantageusement, ce ressort 12 relie une entretoise 10 des flasques 5 à une autre entretoise 11 des chapes 6, de manière pivotante et élastique.Advantageously, this spring 12 connects a spacer 10 flanges 5 to another spacer 11 of the yokes 6, of swivel and elastic.

Le pivotement de la poulie 4 est représenté par deux flèches orientées respectivement dans le sens horaire et dans le sens trigonométrique.The pivoting of the pulley 4 is represented by two arrows oriented clockwise and the trigonometric sense.

Entre les faces en regard des flasques 5 est monté un organe fixe formant butée 13, disposé à la périphérie de la poulie 4 et entre les deux brins opposés de cordage 3, sensiblement avant la zone de contact entre la poulie 4 et le cordage 3.Between the facing faces of the flanges 5 is mounted a fixed member forming a stop 13, disposed at the periphery of the pulley 4 and between the two opposite strands of rope 3, substantially before the contact zone between the pulley 4 and the rope 3.

L'organe de butée fixe 13 est solidaire des flasques 5 et pivote conjointement avec ces dernières entre deux positions inclinées dites actives (dont l'une est représentée sur la figure 2), dans lesquelles l'organe de butée fixe 13 coopère avec l'une desdites entretoises 11 pour venir enserrer et pincer l'un des brins de cordage 3, de manière à freiner ce dernier entre eux.The fixed stop member 13 is integral with the flanges 5 and rotates jointly with the latter between two so-called active inclined positions (one of which is shown in FIG. 2), in which the fixed stop member 13 cooperates with one of said spacers 11 to come grip and pinch one of the strands of cord 3, so that brake the latter between them.

L'organe fixe de butée 13 présente deux surfaces courbes symétriques, éventuellement crénelées (voir figure 1), aptes à venir pincer le cordage 3 lors du déplacement des flasques 5 dans leurs positions actives.The fixed stop member 13 has two surfaces symmetrical curves, possibly crenellated (see figure 1), able to pinch the rope 3 when moving the flanges 5 in their active positions.

On voit sur les figures 1 et 2 que les flasques 5 présentent des pattes 14 qui font diamétralement saillie dans le plan des flasques 5 vers l'extérieur et qui sont aptes à venir en butée respectivement contre l'une desdites entretoises 11 reliant les chapes 6.We see in Figures 1 and 2 that the flanges 5 have lugs 14 which protrude diametrically in the plane of the flanges 5 outwards and which are suitable for come into abutment respectively against one of said spacers 11 connecting the yokes 6.

Il apparaít clairement sur la figure 2, que lorsqu'une patte 14 vient en aboutement contre une entretoise 11, cela permet de limiter le pincement du cordage 3 entre une autre entretoise 11 et l'organe fixe de butée 13.It is clear from Figure 2 that when a tab 14 abuts against a spacer 11, this limits the pinching of line 3 between another spacer 11 and the fixed stop member 13.

Sur les dessins, le freinage du cordage 3 s'effectue sur le brin opposé de cordage à celui qui est directement relié à l'opérateur ou à la charge qui est à l'origine du blocage suite à une chute accidentelle.In the drawings, braking of line 3 takes place on the opposite strand of rope to the one directly connected to the operator or to the load which is at the origin of the blockage following an accidental fall.

On peut également remarquer que la limitation du pincement par aboutement de la patte 14 sur une entretoise 11 s'effectue au contraire du côté du brin de cordage 3 qui est soumis directement à une sollicitation brutale de chute (matérialisée par la flèche F).We can also note that the limitation of pinching by abutment of the tab 14 on a spacer 11 on the contrary, is carried out on the side of the strand 3 which is subjected directly to a brutal fall request (materialized by arrow F).

Bien entendu, il est possible de prévoir le freinage et/ou la limitation du pincement du cordage 3 au niveau du brin de cordage qui est directement soumis à cette sollicitation, ou inversement.Of course, it is possible to plan the braking and / or limiting the pinching of line 3 at the strand of rope which is directly subjected to this solicitation, or vice versa.

Il apparaít clairement sur les figures 1 et 2 que les entretoises 11 peuvent servir d'axe de rotation pour les petites poulies 9, de point d'accrochage pour le ressort 12, constituer des organes de butée pour le freinage du cordage 3 ou permettre la limitation du pincement de ce dernier.It is clear from Figures 1 and 2 that the spacers 11 can serve as an axis of rotation for the small pulleys 9, attachment point for the spring 12, constitute stop members for braking the rope 3 or allow the pinching of the latter to be limited.

L'appareil de l'invention comporte en outre des moyens de blocage libérables entre la poulie 4 et les flasques 5 pour entraíner ces dernières vers les positions actives.The apparatus of the invention further comprises means lockable block between pulley 4 and flanges 5 to drive them to the active positions.

Il est nécessaire d'entraíner les flasques 5 par l'intermédiaire de la poulie 4 pour rendre opérationnel le freinage du cordage 3, car sans sollicitation extérieure les flasques 5 restent dans leur position de repos suite au rappel élastique du ressort 12.It is necessary to train the flanges 5 by via pulley 4 to make the braking of line 3, because without external stress the flanges 5 remain in their rest position following elastic return of the spring 12.

On voit sur les figures 1 et 2 que la poulie 4 comporte sur ses faces en regard des flasques 5 des tétons 15 formés excentriquement et symétriquement par rapport à l'axe 7 et destinés à recevoir lesdits moyens de blocage.We see in Figures 1 and 2 that the pulley 4 has on its faces opposite the flanges 5 of the nipples 15 formed eccentrically and symmetrically with respect to axis 7 and intended to receive said blocking means.

On a représenté sur la figure 4 un exemple particulier de moyens de blocage constitué de deux masselottes formant cliquet 16 montées à rotation libre sur lesdits tétons excentriques 15 qui font saillie perpendiculairement desdites faces de la poulie 4.There is shown in Figure 4 a particular example locking means consisting of two weights forming ratchet 16 mounted with free rotation on said pins eccentrics 15 which project perpendicularly from said faces of the pulley 4.

Les deux cliquets 16 sont élastiquement reliés par deux ressorts 17.The two pawls 16 are elastically connected by two springs 17.

Des crans 18 sont formés circulairement dans les faces en regard des flasques 5 de sorte que le cercle imaginaire 19 qui passe par le sommet desdits crans 18 circonscrit les cliquets 16 lorsqu'ils sont escamotés vers le centre 7 de la poulie sous l'action du rappel élastique des ressorts 17.Notches 18 are formed circularly in the faces next to the flanges 5 so that the imaginary circle 19 which passes through the top of said notches 18 circumscribes the pawls 16 when they are retracted towards the center 7 of the pulley under the action of the spring return 17.

Le cercle imaginaire 19 est centré sur l'axe 7 de la poulie 4.The imaginary circle 19 is centered on the axis 7 of the pulley 4.

Les crans 18 sont ménagés à la périphérie d'un évidement 20 formé dans les faces en regard desdits flasques 5, ledit évidement 20 logeant les cliquets 16.The notches 18 are formed at the periphery of a recess 20 formed in the facing faces of said flanges 5, said recess 20 housing the pawls 16.

Les cliquets mobiles 16 sont aptes à se déplacer entre une position dite escamotée (représentée sur la figure 4) et une position dite de blocage dans laquelle les cliquets 16 viennent en butée contre les crans 18 par l'intermédiaire d'une 16a de leurs extrémités. The movable pawls 16 are able to move between a so-called retracted position (shown in FIG. 4) and a so-called locking position in which the pawls 16 abut against the notches 18 via of a 16a of their ends.

Etant soumis à une force de rappel élastique vers le centre 7 de la poulie, les cliquets 16 s'écartent de cette position escamotée lorsque la force centrifuge engendrée par la rotation de la poulie 4 dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée fonction de la raideur des ressorts 17.Being subjected to an elastic restoring force towards the center 7 of the pulley, the pawls 16 move away from this retracted position when the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pulley 4 exceeds a threshold value predetermined function of the stiffness of the springs 17.

Bien entendu, d'un point de vu purement fonctionnel, un seul cliquet 16 et un seul cran 18 sont strictement nécessaires, mais pour assurer une meilleure sécurité de blocage, on prévoit plusieurs crans 18 et deux cliquets 16.Of course, from a purely functional point of view, a single ratchet 16 and single notch 18 are strictly necessary but to ensure better security of blocking, several notches 18 and two pawls 16 are provided.

Le moyen de blocage décrit ci-dessus est connu depuis longtemps et la présente invention ne se limite pas à ce moyen de blocage particulier.The blocking means described above has been known since a long time and the present invention is not limited to this special locking means.

Pour assurer le blocage de la poulie dans les deux sens de rotation, on prévoit deux flasques 5 identiques, avec les mêmes crans 18 et le même évidement 20. Lorsque ces deux flasques 5 sont mis en regard, les crans 18 font alors face à une direction opposée ce qui permet aux cliquets disposés de part et d'autre de la poulie 4 de venir bloquer en rotation la poulie 4 par rapport aux flasques 5 dans chaque sens de rotation, par l'intermédiaire respectivement des extrémités 16 et 16b des cliquets 16.To block the pulley in both directions of rotation, two identical flanges 5 are provided, with the same notches 18 and the same recess 20. When these two flanges 5 are placed opposite each other, the notches 18 then face an opposite direction which allows the pawls arranged to on either side of the pulley 4 to come to block in rotation the pulley 4 with respect to the flanges 5 in each direction of rotation, respectively through the ends 16 and 16b of the pawls 16.

On peut également prévoir en alternative, notamment dans le cas où l'on utilise qu'un seul flasque, un moyen de blocage formé sur la face en regard de la poulie et du flasque unique, ce moyen de blocage étant constitué d'une masselotte formant taquet, mobile de préférence radialement entre des rails de guidage formés en saillie sur la face de la poulie, la masselotte mobile étant apte à venir s'engager avec des butées ou des crans ménagés circulairement dans le flasque unique lorsque la force centrifuge dépasse une valeur seuil prédéterminée fonction de la raideur du ressort reliant la masselotte mobile et le centre de la poulie.One can also provide an alternative, in particular in the case where only one flange is used, a means of blockage formed on the face opposite the pulley and the single flange, this locking means consisting of a counterweight, preferably radially movable between guide rails projecting from the face of the pulley, the movable weight being able to come to engage with stops or notches formed circularly in the single flange when the centrifugal force exceeds a value predetermined threshold as a function of the stiffness of the connecting spring the moving weight and the center of the pulley.

Ce moyen de blocage permet donc de réaliser un blocage dans les deux sens de rotation de la poulie avec une masselotte unique formée sur une seule face de la poulie.This blocking means therefore makes it possible to produce a blocking in both directions of rotation of the pulley with a single flyweight formed on one side of the pulley.

Il est également possible de réaliser un blocage dans les deux sens de la poulie avec un seul cliquet 16 venant en butée par ses deux extrémités 16a ou 16b contre des ergots ou des crans ménagés circulairement dans un flasque 5.It is also possible to block both directions of the pulley with a single pawl 16 coming in abutment by its two ends 16a or 16b against lugs or notches formed circularly in a flange 5.

Sur la figure 4, les cliquets 16 ne peuvent venir en butée contre les crans 18 que par leur extrémité 16a, car chaque cran 18 présente une surface d'aboutement radiale 18a et une surface de guidage 18b qui s'écarte faiblement du cercle imaginaire 19.In FIG. 4, the pawls 16 cannot come in abutment against the notches 18 only by their end 16a, because each notch 18 has a radial abutment surface 18a and a guide surface 18b which deviates slightly from the imaginary circle 19.

Il est bien entendu possible de prévoir à la place de la poulie unique 4 plusieurs poulies coopérantes entre elles ou une poulie à plusieurs gorges permettant d'effectuer plusieurs tours de cordage à l'intérieur de l'appareil.It is of course possible to provide instead of the single pulley 4 several cooperating pulleys or a pulley with several grooves making it possible to carry out several turns of rope inside the device.

On a représenté sur les figures 5 à 9 plusieurs variantes de réalisation de l'appareil de l'invention, toutes destinées à un accrochage fixe en hauteur, et qui diffèrent les unes des autres par la forme des chapes et des flasques, par exemple ovale, circulaire ou lobée et qui diffèrent également par le nombre de ressorts 12 reliant élastiquement les chapes 6 aux flasques 5 et par leur positionnement.We have shown in Figures 5 to 9 several alternative embodiments of the apparatus of the invention, all intended for fixed hanging in height, and which differ from each other by the shape of the yokes and the flanges, for example oval, circular or lobed and which differ also by the number of springs 12 connecting elastically the yokes 6 to the flanges 5 and by their positioning.

Les flasques 5 présentent sur les figures 4 à 7 et 9 un contour périphérique muni de lobes régulièrement espacés 21, ces lobes 21 pouvant présenter une fonction analogue à celle des pattes 14 précitées.The flanges 5 show in FIGS. 4 to 7 and 9 a peripheral contour provided with regularly spaced lobes 21, these lobes 21 may have a function similar to that legs 14 above.

Sur les figures 5, 6 et 9 on a prévu deux ressorts 12, notamment pour pallier une rupture accidentelle d'un de ces ressorts.In FIGS. 5, 6 and 9 two springs 12 are provided, especially to compensate for an accidental rupture of one of these springs.

Sur la figure 5, les ressorts 12 sont disposés latéralement sur l'appareil de part et d'autre de la poulie 4 et orientés sensiblement dans une direction parallèle aux brins de cordage 3 qui sortent de l'appareil 1.In Figure 5, the springs 12 are arranged laterally on the device on either side of the pulley 4 and oriented substantially in a direction parallel to the strands of rope 3 coming out of device 1.

Sur la figure 6, les deux ressorts 12 sont fixés à une entretoise 11 qui sert également pour l'accrochage en hauteur, lesdits ressorts 12 étant reliés à leur autre extrémité à deux entretoises différentes 10 disposées symétriquement par rapport à un plan vertical passant par l'axe 7 de l'appareil. In FIG. 6, the two springs 12 are fixed to a spacer 11 which is also used for hanging in height, said springs 12 being connected to each other end with two different spacers 10 arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through axis 7 of the device.

Sur la figure 9, les deux ressorts 12 sont disposés symétriquement par rapport à l'axe 7 et dans un plan vertical.In Figure 9, the two springs 12 are arranged symmetrically with respect to axis 7 and in a plane vertical.

Les variantes de réalisation illustrées sur les figures 5 à 9, diffèrent essentiellement par la position et la forme des organes de butée destinés à pincer et à freiner le cordage 3 en cas de chute.The variant embodiments illustrated in the figures 5 to 9, essentially differ in position and shape abutment members intended to pinch and brake the line 3 in the event of a fall.

L'appareil illustré sur la figure 5 comporte deux organes de butée mobiles 22 destinés à remplir la même fonction que l'organe de butée 13 des figures 1 à 3.The apparatus illustrated in FIG. 5 comprises two movable stop members 22 intended to fill the same function that the stop member 13 in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Les organes mobiles de butée 22 sont disposés symétriquement par rapport à un plan vertical passant par l'axe 7, du côté opposé au côté de sortie du cordage 3 et ils sont articulés sur les flasques 5 à la périphérie de la poulie 4.The movable stop members 22 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a vertical plane passing through axis 7, on the side opposite to the exit side of line 3 and they are articulated on the flanges 5 at the periphery of the pulley 4.

Les organes mobiles de butée 22 freinent le cordage 3 par pincement de celui-ci à l'intérieur de la gorge 8 de la poulie 4. Chaque organe de butée mobile 22 est actionné par pivotement contre le cordage 3 par l'intermédiaire d'un bras excentré 22a formant came dont le profil s'appuie contre une entretoise fixe 11 formant galet de came, lors du déplacement des flasques vers leur position active.The movable abutment members 22 brake the rope 3 by pinching it inside the groove 8 of the pulley 4. Each movable stop member 22 is actuated by pivoting against rope 3 via an arm eccentric 22a forming a cam whose profile rests against a fixed spacer 11 forming cam roller, when moving flanges to their active position.

Les deux organes de butée mobiles 22 sont reliés par un ressort 23 à l'extrémité libre de leur bras respectif 22a afin de maintenir les organes de butée 22 en position escamotée pendant le fonctionnement normal de l'appareil 1.The two movable stop members 22 are connected by a spring 23 at the free end of their respective arm 22a in order to keep the stop members 22 in position retracted during normal operation of the appliance 1.

Sur la figure 6, on a également prévu deux organes de butée mobiles 24 articulés sur les chapes 6 symétriquement par rapport à un plan vertical passant par l'axe 7. Les organes de butée mobiles 24 constituent une came dont l'extrémité libre vient s'enserrer entre un organe de butée fixe, par exemple une entretoise 10, et le cordage 3. Le freinage du cordage 3 s'effectue donc par pincement du cordage 3 entre l'extrémité de la came 24 et la gorge 8 de la poulie 4 suite au pivotement des flasques 5 et au glissement de l'organe de butée fixe formant galet de came 10 sur le profil de la came 24. In Figure 6, there are also provided two movable stop 24 articulated on the yokes 6 symmetrically relative to a vertical plane passing through the axis 7. The movable stop members 24 constitute a cam of which the free end is clamped between a stop member fixed, for example a spacer 10, and the rope 3. The braking of line 3 is therefore effected by pinching the rope 3 between the end of the cam 24 and the groove 8 of the pulley 4 following pivoting of the flanges 5 and sliding of the fixed stop member forming a cam roller 10 on the cam profile 24.

Les cames 24 sont disposées du côté opposé au côté de sortie du cordage 3 pour freiner le brin de cordage 3 opposé au brin de cordage 3 qui est directement relié à la charge ou à l'opérateur, ce qui permet d'améliorer le freinage du cordage 3 par frottement de celui-ci sur environ une demi circonférence dans la gorge de la poulie.The cams 24 are arranged on the side opposite the side of exit of line 3 to brake the opposite line of line 3 to the strand of rope 3 which is directly connected to the load or to the operator, which improves the braking of the rope 3 by rubbing it over about a half circumference in the groove of the pulley.

Bien entendu, il serait possible de disposer les cames 24 du même côté que le côté de sortie du cordage 3 pour freiner le brin de cordage 3 qui supporte directement la charge ou l'opérateur.Of course, it would be possible to arrange the cams 24 on the same side as the exit side of line 3 for brake the strand of rope 3 which directly supports the load or operator.

Dans les variantes de réalisation illustrées sur les figures 5 à 8, les organes de butée destinés au freinage du cordage 3 sont disposés extérieurement au cordage 3, contrairement au mode de réalisation illustré sur les figures 1 à 3.In the embodiments illustrated on the Figures 5 to 8, the stop members for braking the rope 3 are arranged outside rope 3, unlike the embodiment illustrated in the figures 1 to 3.

Dans la variante de réalisation illustrée sur la figure 7, l'appareil comporte également deux organes de butée 25 mobiles et articulés sur les flasques 5 et qui constituent respectivement une came qui est apte à venir pincer le cordage 3 contre la gorge de la poulie suite au déplacement d'une partie de profil de came sur un organe de butée fixe formant galet de came, par exemple une entretoise 11, prévu entre les chapes 6.In the alternative embodiment illustrated in the figure 7, the apparatus also includes two stop members 25 mobile and articulated on the flanges 5 and which constitute respectively a cam which is able to pinch the rope 3 against the pulley groove following displacement of a part of the cam profile on a fixed stop member forming a cam roller, for example a spacer 11, provided between the screeds 6.

Les cames 25 comportent en outre à leur extrémité libre un épaulement formant crochet 25a apte à venir en prise avec une butée prévue entre les chapes 6 et de préférence avec l'entretoise 11 formant galet de came, suite au déplacement des flasques 5 en position active, ce qui permet notamment de limiter le pincement du cordage 3 et d'éviter tout risque de cisaillement ou de détérioration de ce dernier.The cams 25 also have at their free end a shoulder forming a hook 25a capable of engaging with a stop provided between the yokes 6 and preferably with the spacer 11 forming a cam roller, following the displacement flanges 5 in the active position, which in particular makes it possible to limit the pinching of line 3 and avoid any risk of shearing or deterioration thereof.

Sur la figure 8, le freinage du cordage 3 est assuré par des organes de butée souples 26 constitués par exemple par un tronçon de câble, chaque organe de butée souple 26 étant relié à ses extrémités respectivement à une entretoise 10 de flasque et une entretoise 11 de chape.In FIG. 8, braking of the rope 3 is ensured by flexible stop members 26 constituted for example by a section of cable, each flexible stop member 26 being connected at its ends respectively to a spacer 10 of flange and a spacer 11 of clevis.

L'organe de butée souple 26 suit le contour du cordage 3 partiellement le long de son passage sur la poulie 4, les extrémités de cet organe de butée flexible 26 étant disposées sensiblement de part et d'autre de la poulie 4.The flexible stop member 26 follows the contour of the rope 3 partially along its passage on the pulley 4, the ends of this flexible stop member 26 being disposed substantially on either side of the pulley 4.

Le freinage du cordage 3 s'effectue donc par un pincement entre lesdits organes de butée souples 26 et la gorge 8 de la poulie 4. Ce pincement s'effectue d'ailleurs sur une plus grande partie de la circonférence de la poulie, par rapport aux variantes de réalisation illustrées précédemment.Braking of line 3 is therefore carried out by a pinching between said flexible stop members 26 and the groove 8 of the pulley 4. This pinching is carried out moreover over a greater part of the circumference of the pulley, compared to the illustrated embodiments previously.

Ces organes de butée souples 26 sont disposés sur la figure 8 symétriquement par rapport à un plan médian passant par l'axe 7.These flexible stop members 26 are arranged on the figure 8 symmetrically with respect to a passing median plane by axis 7.

Un fil rigide hélicoïdal formant racloir 35 est fixé à l'une de ses extrémités sur l'appareil 1 à la sortie de l'un des deux tronçons opposés de lien flexible 3, pour nettoyer ce dernier de toutes les saletés ou boues qui pourraient coincer le mécanisme de l'appareil.A rigid helical wire forming a scraper 35 is fixed to one of its ends on the device 1 at the exit of one of the two opposite flexible link sections 3, for cleaning the latter of any dirt or sludge that could jam the mechanism of the device.

Le fil 35 est coaxial avec ledit tronçon de lien flexible à nettoyer et son autre extrémité est libre.The wire 35 is coaxial with said link section flexible to clean and its other end is free.

Sur la figure 9, le freinage du cordage 3 s'effectue par l'intermédiaire de deux organes de butée mobiles 27 et 28 articulés à une extrémité respectivement sur les flasques 5 et les chapes 6, lesdits organes de butée mobiles 27 et 28 se présentant sous la forme de deux barres longitudinales reliées entre elles de manière articulée par une série d'anneaux parallèles 29.In FIG. 9, braking of the rope 3 takes place by means of two movable stop members 27 and 28 articulated at one end respectively on the flanges 5 and the yokes 6, said movable stop members 27 and 28 are in the form of two longitudinal bars interconnected in a hinged manner by a series parallel rings 29.

A la sortie de la poulie 4, chaque brin opposé du cordage 3 est guidé latéralement et longitudinalement par lesdites barres 27 et 28 et passe à travers le trou central 30 des anneaux 29. Lorsque le flasque 5 se déplace vers une position active, les barres 27 et 28 restent sensiblement orientées dans la même direction, mais les anneaux 29 s'inclinent pour suivre le mouvement des barres 27 et freinent ainsi le cordage 3 au niveau de ses deux brins opposés.At the exit of the pulley 4, each opposite strand of the rope 3 is guided laterally and longitudinally by said bars 27 and 28 and passes through the central hole 30 of the rings 29. When the flange 5 moves towards a active position, bars 27 and 28 remain substantially oriented in the same direction, but the rings 29 tilt to follow the movement of the bars 27 and brake the line 3 at its two strands opposites.

On a représenté plus en détail les anneaux 29 sur les figures 10a et 10b. Les anneaux 29 comportent un trou central 30 à travers lequel passe le cordage 3 et présentent deux pattes 31 qui font saillie à la périphérie de l'anneau 29 diamétralement par rapport au trou 30. Ces pattes 31 sont également percées d'un trou 31a d'axe perpendiculaire à l'axe du trou 30 pour la liaison articulée sur les deux barres 27 et 28.The rings 29 are shown in more detail on the Figures 10a and 10b. The rings 29 have a central hole 30 through which the rope 3 passes and have two legs 31 which project at the periphery of the ring 29 diametrically relative to the hole 30. These tabs 31 are also drilled with a hole 31a with an axis perpendicular to the axis of the hole 30 for the articulated connection on the two bars 27 and 28.

Bien entendu l'appareil 1 de l'invention peut être accroché en hauteur autrement que par l'anneau d'accrochage 2, par exemple au niveau de l'axe central 7 de l'appareil. Ce type d'accrochage est particulièrement avantageux pour relever l'axe de rotation de la poulie 4 lorsque l'appareil doit être fixé par exemple sur un trépied au-dessus d'un accès à un réseau de canalisations souterrain.Of course the device 1 of the invention can be hooked in height other than by the hooking ring 2, for example at the level of the central axis 7 of the device. This type of attachment is particularly advantageous for raise the axis of rotation of the pulley 4 when the device must be fixed for example on a tripod above a access to a network of underground pipes.

Il est également possible de connecter l'une des extrémités du cordage 3 à un treuil pour monter ou descendre une charge ou un opérateur.It is also possible to connect one of the ends of rope 3 to a winch to go up or down a load or operator.

En variante, il est également possible d'ajouter entre les deux chapes une autre poulie, libre en rotation sur l'axe commun, et apte à recevoir un autre lien flexible dont l'une des extrémités est reliée au treuil précité et l'autre audit opérateur de manière à monter ou descendre cet opérateur indépendamment du lien flexible destiné à assurer sa sécurité.Alternatively, it is also possible to add between the two yokes another pulley, free to rotate on the axis common, and able to receive another flexible link, one of which of the ends is connected to the aforementioned winch and the other audit operator so as to raise or lower this operator regardless of the flexible link intended to ensure its security.

On a représenté sur la figure 11 un appareil 1' de l'invention destiné à une utilisation à point d'accrochage courant sur un cordage 3.FIG. 11 shows a device 1 ′ of the invention intended for use at a point of attachment running on a rope 3.

Contrairement aux modes de réalisation décrits précédemment, le cordage 3 est ici accroché à une extrémité en hauteur et l'autre extrémité comporte un contrepoids (non représenté ici) destiné à assurer une tension prédéterminée dans le cordage 3.Unlike the embodiments described previously, rope 3 is hooked here at one end in height and the other end has a counterweight (not shown here) intended to ensure a predetermined tension in the rope 3.

A la sortie de l'appareil 1' les deux brins opposés de cordage 3 sont donc alignés et suivent un trajet légèrement sinueux à l'intérieur de cet appareil 1'.At the exit of the device 1 'the two opposite strands of line 3 are therefore aligned and follow a path slightly sinuous inside this device 1 '.

L'anneau d'accrochage 2 est ici destiné à être accroché directement au harnais d'un opérateur qui entraíne avec lui lors de sa descente ou de son ascension l'appareil 1'. The attachment ring 2 is here intended to be directly attached to the harness of an operator who trains with him during his descent or ascent the device 1 '.

Ce harnais peut également être directement accroché au niveau de l'axe commun 7, par exemple par l'intermédiaire d'une anse.This harness can also be directly attached to the level of the common axis 7, for example via of a handle.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré sur la figure 11, le freinage d'un brin de cordage 3 s'effectue entre un étrier 32 en forme U dans lequel coulisse le cordage 3 à la sortie de la poulie 4 et un organe de butée mobile et cranté 33 articulé à une extrémité sur les chapes 6 et à l'autre extrémité sur un bras 34 lui-même articulé sur une patte 14 des flasques 5.In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 11, braking of a strand of rope 3 takes place between a stirrup 32 in U shape in which the rope 3 slides at the outlet of the pulley 4 and a movable and notched stop member 33 articulated at one end on the yokes 6 and at the other end on an arm 34 itself articulated on a lug 14 flanges 5.

L'étrier 32 et l'organe de butée mobile 33 sont disposés de part et d'autre du cordage 3 à la sortie de la poulie 4 pour venir enserrer le cordage 3 en cas de chute de l'opérateur.The stirrup 32 and the movable stop member 33 are arranged on either side of rope 3 at the exit of the pulley 4 to grip the rope 3 in the event of a fall the operator.

Les deux organes de butée mobiles 33 sont disposés symétriquement par rapport à un plan médian passant par l'axe 7 de la poulie 4.The two movable stop members 33 are arranged symmetrically with respect to a median plane passing through the axis 7 of the pulley 4.

L'appareil 1' est disposé horizontalement sur la figure 11, mais bien entendu il peut être orienté verticalement lors de son utilisation.The device 1 'is arranged horizontally in the figure 11, but of course it can be oriented vertically when of its use.

L'appareil 1' est particulièrement fiable du point de vue de la sécurité, lors de son utilisation à point d'accrochage courant, car même si l'opérateur s'accroche à l'appareil le freinage du cordage 3 est toujours opérationnel.The device 1 'is particularly reliable from the point of safety view, when used properly current attachment, because even if the operator clings to the device braking of line 3 is always operational.

En outre, l'opérateur n'a pas besoin de supporter continuellement le poids de l'appareil 1', par exemple lorsque l'opérateur est en position stationnaire, car le poids de l'appareil engendre un freinage automatique de celui-ci sur le cordage 3.In addition, the operator does not need to endure continuously the weight of the device 1 ', for example when the operator is in stationary position, because the weight of the device generates automatic braking of this one on the rope 3.

Il est également possible d'utiliser conjointement les appareils 1 et 1' de l'invention pour doubler la sécurité d'un opérateur ou lors de la manipulation d'une charge.It is also possible to jointly use the apparatuses 1 and 1 'of the invention for doubling security operator or when handling a load.

Il suffit pour cela, lors de l'utilisation d'un appareil 1 de l'invention, de prévoir un second appareil 1' de l'invention monté de manière coulissante sur le brin de cordage opposé à celui qui est directement attaché à l'opérateur ou à la charge et d'attacher ce second appareil 1' également à l'opérateur ou à la charge.This is sufficient when using a device 1 of the invention, to provide a second device 1 ' of the invention slidably mounted on the strand rope opposite to the one directly attached to operator or load and attach this second device 1 'also to the operator or to the load.

Ainsi, si le brin de cordage directement relié à l'opérateur ou à la charge casse, le second appareil 1' empêche la chute de l'opérateur ou de la charge en freinant sur le brin opposé du cordage qui a été bloqué au niveau de l'appareil 1 accroché en hauteur grâce au freinage dans les deux sens de celui-ci.Thus, if the strand of cord directly connected to the operator or the load breaks, the second device 1 ' prevents operator or load from falling by braking on the opposite side of the rope which has been blocked at the device 1 hooked in height thanks to the braking in the two senses of it.

En effet, le blocage du brin de cordage opposé, dans le cas de la rupture du brin directement lié à l'opérateur ou à la charge, s'effectue grâce au contrepoids qui lui est rattaché.Indeed, the blocking of the opposite strand of rope, in the case of strand breakage directly linked to the operator or the load, is carried out thanks to the counterweight which is attached to.

Le contrepoids peut être avantageusement mobile et comporter un moyen de freinage pour maintenir le contrepoids en position sur le cordage en l'absence de sollicitation forcée externe.The counterweight can advantageously be mobile and include braking means to maintain the counterweight in position on the rope in the absence of stress forced external.

Par exemple, lorsque le contrepoids vient en butée contre l'appareil de l'invention ou se coince dans des échafaudages dans lesquels évolue l'opérateur relié à l'appareil de l'invention, le contrepoids mobile permet à l'opérateur de poursuivre sa descente ou son ascension.For example, when the counterweight comes to a stop against the apparatus of the invention or gets stuck in scaffolding in which the operator connected to the device of the invention, the mobile counterweight allows the operator to continue his descent or ascent.

Ce moyen de freinage peut être constitué par exemple par un tube interne de diamètre légèrement inférieur au cordage utilisé ou par un organe susceptible d'exercer une pression prédterminée sur le cordage.This braking means can be constituted for example by an internal tube with a diameter slightly smaller than rope used or by a body likely to exert a predetermined pressure on the rope.

Le contrepoids peut présenter une forme ovoïde ou hémisphérique et comporter un revêtement externe élastique pour l'amortissement des chocs, par exemple en matière mousse, pour protéger l'utilisateur d'un choc éventuel avec le contrepoids.The counterweight may have an ovoid shape or hemispherical and have an elastic outer coating for shock absorption, for example in material foam, to protect the user from possible impact with the counterweight.

On peut également prévoir un contrepoids à masse variable comportant une enceinte interne que l'on peut remplir avec un fluide ou une matière solide, tel que de l'eau ou du sable.We can also provide a mass counterweight variable with an internal enclosure that can be fill with a fluid or solid matter, such as water or sand.

Bien entendu, l'appareil de l'invention peut utiliser un mouflage pour démultiplier les forces appliquées sur le cordage. Of course, the apparatus of the invention can use hauling to increase the forces applied to the rope.

Par exemple, la petite poulie 9 de la variante illustrée sur la figure 9 peut servir pour un tel mouflage.For example, the small pulley 9 of the variant illustrated in Figure 9 can be used for such hauling.

Il est également possible de prévoir un appareil unique comportant un système d'indexage constitué par les entretoises 10 et 11 précitées et permettant d'adapter cet appareil pour une utilisation à point d'accrochage courant ou fixe, en déplaçant les organes de butée destinés au freinage du cordage, ainsi que les organes de guidage du cordage à la sortie de l'appareil.It is also possible to provide a single device comprising an indexing system consisting of spacers 10 and 11 above and allowing to adapt this device for use with standard attachment point or fixed, by moving the stop members intended for braking of the cordage, as well as the guiding members of the cordage to the exit from the device.

Nous allons maintenant brièvement décrire le fonctionnement de l'appareil 1 de l'insertion en référence aux figures 1 à 4.We will now briefly describe the operation of the device 1 of the reference insertion in Figures 1 to 4.

En cas de chute, par exemple d'un opérateur, une sollicitation F est exercée sur le brin de cordage 3 qui lui est directement relié, ce qui provoque une accélération du déroulement du cordage 3 et, par suite du contact frottant entre la gorge 8 de la poulie 4 et le cordage 3, une accélération de la rotation de la poulie 4.In the event of a fall, for example by an operator, a stress F is exerted on the strand 3 which is directly connected, which causes an acceleration of the unwinding of rope 3 and, as a result of rubbing contact between the groove 8 of the pulley 4 and the rope 3, a acceleration of the pulley rotation 4.

Lorsque la force centrifuge exercée sur les cliquets 16 par la rotation de la poulie 4, dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée fonction de la raideur des ressorts 17, les cliquets viennent en butée dans les crans 18, ce qui bloque en rotation relative les flasques 5 et la poulie 4.When the centrifugal force exerted on the pawls 16 by the rotation of the pulley 4, exceeds a threshold value predetermined function of the stiffness of the springs 17, the pawls stop in the notches 18, which blocks in relative rotation the flanges 5 and the pulley 4.

L'entraínement de la poulie 4 par le déroulement du cordage 3 se transmet alors aux flasques 5 qui pivotent, contre l'action de rappel du ressort 12, et viennent pincer un tronçon de cordage 3 entre l'organe de butée 13 et une entretoise 11.The pulley 4 drive by the course of the rope 3 is then transmitted to the flanges 5 which pivot, against the return action of the spring 12, and pinch a rope section 3 between the stop member 13 and a spacer 11.

Le cordage 3 est alors freiné dans un temps extrêmement court.Rope 3 is then braked in an extremely short time short.

Le déblocage de l'appareil de l'invention est automatique dès que la sollicitation F est supprimée, grâce au rappel élastique du ressort 12.The unlocking of the apparatus of the invention is automatic as soon as the stress F is removed, thanks to at the elastic return of the spring 12.

Le fonctionnement de l'appareil 1' de l'invention est maintenant décrit en référence à la figure 11.The operation of the device 1 ′ of the invention is now described with reference to Figure 11.

En cas de chute, l'appareil 1' est entraíné rapidement vers le bas, ce qui accélère la vitesse de roulement de la poulie 4 sur le cordage 3 et provoque de la même manière le blocage relatif des flasques 5 et de la poulie 4 et le freinage sur un tronçon de cordage 3.In case of a fall, the device 1 'is driven quickly down, which accelerates the rolling speed of the pulley 4 on line 3 and similarly causes the relative blocking of the flanges 5 and of the pulley 4 and the braking on a section of rope 3.

Le déblocage s'effectue également automatiquement en supprimant la sollicitation exercée sur l'appareil 1'.Unblocking is also done automatically by eliminating the stress exerted on the device 1 '.

Bien que la présente invention ait été décrite en liaison avec plusieurs modes de réalisation particuliers, il est bien évident qu'il n'est nullement limité qu'on peut lui apporter de nombreuses variantes et modifications sans pour autant sortir de son cadre ni de son esprit.Although the present invention has been described in link with several particular embodiments, it is obvious that it is by no means limited that one can make many variations and modifications without as much to leave its framework nor its spirit.

Claims (9)

  1. Anti-fall security apparatus comprising at least one wheel disk (5) on the internal surface of which a grooved pulley (4) is idle mounted intended to receive a flexible linkage element (3), locking means being formed respectively on the surfaces opposite said pulley (4) and said wheel disk (5) in order to selectively allow the relative rotation of said pulley (4) on said wheel disk (5), characterized in that said apparatus (1, 1') comprises a frame constituted by at least one fixed cover (6), on which, preferably on its lower part, a fixed stop device (11) is arranged, on its internal surface said frame supports on a central spindle (7) at least one mobile wheel disk (5) equipped with a stop device (13), said spindle (7) also supports a pulley (4); in that the mobile wheel disk (5) comprises notches (18a) and that the pulley (4) comprises at least two catches (16) arranged on at least one offset spindle (15), integral with the pulley (4), in order to allow automatic operation in both directions of the device to brake and immobilize the flexible linkage element which at rest can slide in the pulley's central groove (4).
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each mobile wheel disk while at rest is acted upon by elastic return movement means such as springs (12) connecting said fixed covers to said mobile wheel disk.
  3. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises two integral mobile wheel disks separated from each other, for example, by crosspieces (10), in order to receive between their internal surfaces and opposite said pulley, the wheel disks being rotationally movable with respect to the fixed covers.
  4. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stop devices, which have a crenellated surface, are arranged on either side of the section of the flexible linkage element to be braked, in order to grip and pinch it when each mobile wheel disk is moved towards the active positions.
  5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one of the two stop devices is movable (22, 24, 25, 26), and the other is fixed (11, 10) on their respective supports, the movable stop device rests on the fixed stop device when each mobile wheel disk moves into the active position, which triggers the movement of the movable stop device, and the pinching of the section of the flexible linkage element to be braked between the pulley groove and said movable stop device.
  6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises means (11, 14, 25a) on the fixed covers end each mobile wheel disk which limit the movement of the mobile wheel disk in the active position, these limiting means being optionally fitted on the aforementioned stop devices.
  7. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guiding means (9) are mounted between the covers of the apparatus (1) at the exit of the two opposite sections of the flexible linkage element and located close together on the same side of the pulley giving the flexible linkage element an approximate U shape in the case of fixed anchorage point use.
  8. Apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 8, characterized in that it comprises an indexing system allowing the positions of the stop devices and/or the guiding means to be adjusted in such a way that the same apparatus (1, 1') can be used in the case of a mobile or fixed anchorage point, said stop devices and/or said guiding means belonging to a range of modules of predetermined shape and size being able to be fitted to the same apparatus via the aforementioned indexing system.
  9. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a movable counterweight at one end of the flexible linkage element and comprises a braking means allowing the counterweight to be held in position on the flexible linkage element in the absence of any external forced activation.
EP95906363A 1994-01-05 1995-01-04 Fall-arresting safety apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0738173B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9400059A FR2714612B1 (en) 1994-01-05 1994-01-05 Anti-fall safety device.
FR9400059 1994-01-05
PCT/FR1995/000006 WO1995018650A1 (en) 1994-01-05 1995-01-04 Fall-arresting safety apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0738173A1 EP0738173A1 (en) 1996-10-23
EP0738173B1 true EP0738173B1 (en) 1998-08-12

Family

ID=9458790

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95906363A Expired - Lifetime EP0738173B1 (en) 1994-01-05 1995-01-04 Fall-arresting safety apparatus

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US5799753A (en)
EP (1) EP0738173B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3602849B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE169506T1 (en)
AU (1) AU696559B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9506456A (en)
CA (1) CA2180440C (en)
DE (1) DE69504029T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2122537T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2714612B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ278610A (en)
PL (1) PL175952B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995018650A1 (en)

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EP1123718A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-16 Basecamp Innovations, Ltd. Force limiting rope brake
AT411058B (en) * 2001-12-18 2003-09-25 Walter Lea abseiling
GB0428335D0 (en) * 2004-12-24 2005-02-02 Equip Securite Par Pare Chute Emergency vertical egress device
CA2539424A1 (en) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-16 Kirk M. Mauthner Combination descender, pulley and force limiting rope brake
US7111572B1 (en) * 2005-07-19 2006-09-26 Formosa Saint Jose Corp. Hook seat tightening structure for ship covers
KR100873234B1 (en) 2006-05-23 2008-12-10 포모사 세인트 호세 코퍼레이션 Hook seat tightening structure for ship covers
TW200743453A (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-12-01 Formosa Saint Jose Corp Inserted-to-buckle typed of non-slip fastener structure
FR2918287B1 (en) * 2007-07-03 2009-10-09 Gamesystem Sarl ANTI-FALL DEVICE AND SECURITY INSTALLATION INCORPORATING SUCH A DEVICE
US9168399B2 (en) * 2009-01-06 2015-10-27 Deus Rescue Gmbh Descent device with automatic and manual control
TW201038443A (en) * 2009-04-30 2010-11-01 Formosa Saint Jose Corp Slipping-free one-way buckle
US8052080B2 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-11-08 Feng-Chia Liang Rope breaking device
WO2011042571A1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2011-04-14 Muelas Allegue, Jesus Maria Pombo safety device for braking, adjusting tension and retaining a load on pulleys
KR200455932Y1 (en) 2009-12-28 2011-10-04 황병선 Fire escape apparatus for automatic descent speed adjusting with weight
FR2959135B1 (en) * 2010-04-27 2012-05-11 Marcel Jose Peltier SAFETY DEVICE FOR A CLAMP SECURED BY A ROPE
FR2967357B1 (en) * 2010-11-16 2013-09-13 Marcel Jose Peltier FALL SAFETY APPARATUS
US8733739B2 (en) * 2011-03-21 2014-05-27 Kirk Martin Mauthner Device that integrates an ascender with a pulley block
FR2994564B1 (en) * 2012-08-20 2015-04-24 Marcel Jose Peltier SECURITY DEVICE FOR MOUNTING AND DESCENDING A LOAD USING A FLEXIBLE LINK
WO2014090322A1 (en) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 Vr-Tec Gmbh Safety device for climbers
GB201303153D0 (en) 2013-02-22 2013-04-10 Capital Safety Group Northern Europ Ltd Fall Arrest Device
US9861839B2 (en) 2014-02-19 2018-01-09 D B Industries, Llc Connector
CN104941080A (en) * 2015-07-07 2015-09-30 大连大学 High-altitude descent control device
SI25029A (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-01-31 Samo Goljevšček Rope braking device
CN106621087B (en) * 2017-02-16 2021-11-19 东北大学 High-rise descent control device
US20190338593A1 (en) * 2017-07-17 2019-11-07 Safeworks, Llc Integrated climb assist and fall arrest systems and methods
US20210205639A1 (en) * 2020-01-06 2021-07-08 Hsiu-Yang Tseng Rope braking device
CN117712916B (en) * 2023-12-07 2024-05-28 广东和发能源科技集团有限公司 Anti-falling device for power maintenance

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5799753A (en) 1998-09-01
CA2180440A1 (en) 1995-07-13
AU1457595A (en) 1995-08-01
CA2180440C (en) 2003-05-27
NZ278610A (en) 1999-02-25
FR2714612B1 (en) 1996-05-15
BR9506456A (en) 1997-10-07
ES2122537T3 (en) 1998-12-16
EP0738173A1 (en) 1996-10-23
AU696559B2 (en) 1998-09-10
FR2714612A1 (en) 1995-07-07
JP3602849B2 (en) 2004-12-15
JPH09511410A (en) 1997-11-18
PL175952B1 (en) 1999-03-31
WO1995018650A1 (en) 1995-07-13
DE69504029D1 (en) 1998-09-17
ATE169506T1 (en) 1998-08-15
DE69504029T2 (en) 1999-04-29

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