EP0707520B1 - Device for separating inorganic material polluted by organic material from a fluid - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP94/03167 Sec. 371 Date Dec. 19, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Dec. 19, 1995 PCT Filed Sep. 22, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO95/30486 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 16, 1995A device for separating inorganic material polluted by organic material from a fluid, especially of sand polluted by organic material in sewage devices, is provided with a circular shaped container (1), which in its upper region has a feed device (19) for the introduction of the fluid into the container (1), with an extractor device (32) for the inorganic material positioned in the lower region (7) of the container (1) and with an extractor device (29) to discharge the organic material and the fluid. A fluidized sand bed (14) is provided in the lower region (7) of the container (1) in order to separate the organic material from the inorganic material. The fluidized sand bed (14) is kept in motion by an upward flow of liquid distributed via a perforated base (8). A by-pass (38) is provided to transfer part of the sand from the fluidized sand bed (14) into the extractor device (32) in the lower region (7) of the container (1).

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating of organic and inorganic material from a liquid, especially of organic dirt and sand from Sewage treatment plants, with those specified in the preamble of the claim Characteristics.

In particular, the material that comes from the sand trap of sewage treatment plants or removed from the sewer network during sewer cleaning is, or street sweeping, as it is picked up by sweepers in addition to the inorganic material in the form of sand, stones and. The like. Often considerable proportions of organic Material. To bring the inorganic material to a landfill or to be able to reuse it in any other way, it must be up to to some extent be freed from the organic material in order to to be able to carry out cost-effective disposal.

A device of the type described in the opening paragraph is known from DE 41 18 020 A1 known which a method and an apparatus for Separation of specifically light components from a slurry described by upstream sorting. Coarse, not fluidizable Ingredients are first extracted from the slurry before it enters the container of the upstream sorter separated. In the container there is a perforated floor in the lower area, which with Check valves is provided. About these opening check valves becomes an upstream fluid to flow out brought and in so far an inhomogeneous fluidized or fluidized bed created two zones in the container. Located in the lower zone the heavier inorganic material. In the upper zone the lighter organic material accumulates. The container has a cylindrical wall, so that the Flow rate of the liquid in the container in each Altitude is constant. The fluid bed stretches almost to top of the container. In the upper zone of the vertebral and Fluid bed immerses a measuring device with which both the Tear density as well as the level of the fluid bed upper limit be kept constant. Only a relatively small one remains Space for a thinly cloudy zone, in the area of which also Introduction of the liquid contaminated with organic material he follows. The perforated bottom of an exhaust pipe acting as a bypass, through which the heavy goods are withdrawn.

Another device for separating organic and inorganic material from a liquid is from DE 42 24 047 A1 known. The device assigns one concentrically formed on a vertical axis container, which in its upper area a centrally arranged loading device owns. The loading device has a swirl chamber, a downpipe and a trumpet-shaped diffuser, so that the Coanda effect is used here. The device is primarily aimed at circular sand basins as well as in Sand classifiers in round construction, the sand from a liquid / sand mixture to separate. Which is under the influence of gravity in the lower area of the container via a withdrawal device in the form of a screw conveyor carried out. Since the sand, especially from sewage treatment plants, and the organic material more or less closely together stick, a large part of the organic material will come together deposited and carried out with the sand. Only very fine distributed organic material, which in a swimming or Suspended state gets into an overflow of the container and is discharged together with the liquid.

From the journal Korrespondenz Abwasser 1/94, pages 48 - 53 (Klinger, Barth "Development of a sand recycling plant for Sewage Treatment Plants ") a sand recycling plant is known in which one A plurality of individual system parts connected in series be combined. This is how the material to be treated is first a vibrating sieve to sieve the larger parts. In a downstream upstream classifier, the material which has passed the vibrating sieve with water to to separate organic material from the sand fraction. The task takes place via a hydrocyclone in the upflow classifier. Finally, a dewatering screen with an unbalance drive used. This high procedural effort may be complex separation tasks can be justified. For the treatment however, sand from sewage treatment plants will be as low as possible Effort and an inexpensive way of working aimed. The known plant is designed for relatively large throughputs; the transfer and application to smaller throughputs and / or discontinuous operation creates difficulties. In addition, the possibility of processing the for Waste water treatment plants do not have specific sand / water mixtures.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a device to provide the type described above, with the example one contaminated with organic material Sand / water mixture, as it occurs in sewage treatment plants, is processed in this way can be that the organic material from the inorganic Material is largely separated so that the organic Material treated in the sewage treatment plant and the inorganic Material for recycling or inexpensive Landfill can be supplied.

According to the invention, this is the case of the device described at the beginning Art achieved in order to detach the organic Material from the inorganic material and for the purpose Shredding of the organic material in the lower area of the A fluidized sand layer is provided in the container through an upward spread over a perforated floor Flow is kept in motion that the container in Connection to the upper end of the expansion of the fluidized A layer of sand adjoining at the top for has organic material, and that the device for Removal of organic matter and liquid a first Discharge device essentially for the organic material from the collection room and a second discharge device in the essential for the liquid.

The invention is based on the idea of a considerably more effective Separation between organic and inorganic material perform. For this purpose, the bottom of the container maintain a fluidized sand layer as a fluidized bed, the movement of the grains of sand initiated thereby causes organic material from inorganic Material detached, crushed and thus discharged upwards is that the organic material along with the liquid can be deducted. That through the loading device introduced sand / water mixture contaminated with organic material e.g. with a normally designed loading device introduced into the container, particles with higher density and larger particles increased in the lower part of the container, while small particles with a relative low density prefer to follow the flow and with a Facility to be deducted that has an overflow on the container forms. The fluidized sand layer affects organic material so that this, provided it is in the form of a larger particle has penetrated into the fluidized sand layer and is pushed up out of this again, so that the organic material above the fluidized sand layer accumulates while the inorganic material, i.e. the sand, in the fluidized sand layer immigrates and reinforces it. The Reinforcement or densification of the sand layer in turn leads to an increased cleaning effect, so that here a self-reinforcing Effect can be observed. The fluidized sand layer is moving by an upward flow held, which emerges over a perforated floor distributed over the surface. A bed of sand is created. The empty pipe speed the upstream water is preferably 5 to 15 m / h. Due to the high density of the sand layer, everyone is different Substances with lower density, in particular the organic Material on the sand layer. To the sand layer in her Keeping the expansion height constant becomes part of the sand subtracted again and again, what is continuous or discontinuous can happen. The bypass is used to bypass the Perforated soil or part of the sand from the sand layer to transfer out to the bottom of the container to the expansion height of the fluidized sand layer is approximately constant to keep. The bypass is equally suitable, too relatively large particles of inorganic material, for example Stones to let through, so that these with the fine inorganic material, the sand, are discharged together can.

The container faces the top of the expansion the fluidized sand layer is followed by an upward one Collection room for organic material. The gathering room is provided above the extent of the fluidized fluidized bed.

Furthermore, the device for the removal of organic Material and liquid a first discharge device in the essential for the organic material from the collection room and a second discharge device essentially for the liquid on. It becomes an overly large collection of organic Counteracted material on the fluidized bed. The Removal of the organic material from the collection room via the second discharge device is preferably carried out discontinuously at intervals.

The loading device can be arranged centrally and a swirl chamber, a downpipe and a trumpet-shaped one Have diffuser. This can be done with organic material contaminated inorganic material using the Coanda effect be placed in the container, the vertical Swirl flow in the downpipe into a largely horizontal one Swirl flow is transferred. This particular type of Feeding leads to organic and inorganic Material are moved against each other.

The one in the container following the top of the expansion of the fluidized layer of sand adjoining the collection room for organic material can expand upwards Have cross-section. From the widening cross section becomes at least the lower part of the collecting space, which is adjoins the fluidized sand layer upwards. Due to the enlargement of the cross-sectional area, the Flow rate of the upstream water, so that only very finely shredded organic parts in a swimming or Suspend, while larger organic parts after sink below and continue on the fluidized sand layer be crushed until they float upwards. At the same time, the decreasing flow rate prevents the floating of extremely fine particles of inorganic material. So small sand particles will not carried upwards, but can sink downwards. In addition is the flow rate of the upstream water directly above the perforated bottom, provided that the container is also in this Area the already described, flared upwards Has shape. This even, powerful flow in the area above the perforated floor also leads to the fact that here even larger stones in motion in the fluidized sand layer are moved or kept in motion until they are in the Enter the area of the bypass and to this extent from the sand layer can be removed. It is quite possible that the Containers from bottom to top are continuous conical has an expanding shape. This is advantageous because of the conditions on a wastewater treatment plant, the loading of the device often with a sand / water mixture, the predominantly consists of water. Due to this large volume in the upper part of the container and due to the The device can be equipped with a special loading device a larger amount of mixture can be loaded without the Conditions in the area of the fluidized sand layer disadvantageous to change. The device is also insensitive to Fluctuations in throughput. It can be continuous or be operated discontinuously. It is for small and for large flow rates can be used with the appropriate design. Of the apparatus expenditure is relatively low, at least compared to previously known systems. This also results in an inexpensive one Treatment as required in the field of sewage treatment is. In addition, the organic material becomes relatively clean; orders of magnitude are quite achievable at which inorganic material at most 5% or even less organic Material sticks when it comes out of the discharge device is carried out.

An agitator can be provided in the container, the agitator arms has in the lower region of the fluidized sand layer immediately above the perforated floor and / or above the fluidized sand layer following the border between the fluidized sand layer and the collection room for the organic Material are arranged all around. One is an agitator arm is in close proximity to the perforated floor and fulfills two functions. It prevents channel formation in the lower area of the fluidized sand layer and helps keep the sand layer is evenly flowed through here. In the meantime forming channels are again through the agitator destroyed. On the other hand, organic components, above all flat parts, such as paper or sheets, which happen to be penetrate into the lower area of the fluidized sand layer, stopped, released by the movement of the stirring arm and carried upwards with the upstream water. The other The agitator arm is located above the fluidized sand layer in the Connection to the boundary between the sand layer and collecting area. He loosens during its rotation, which over the sand layer located organic mass, so that these are loosened up and is suspended, which makes it new, sinking sand becomes possible to pierce this layer and into the fluidized Immigrate sand layer.

A support plate can be aligned horizontally in the container provided with a closed surface and a stirring arm of the Agitator must be assigned. It is understood that this platen only part of the cross section of the container in vertical Direction. The arrangement of this platen will, however, result in this platen inorganic material sinking in the container, ie Sand, layered. The agitator arm is superimposed in this Sand that is not part of the fluidized Layer of sand, circulate and mechanically stress the sand, so that here a detachment from organic material. By rotating the agitator arm a promotional effect on the sand is achieved at the same time, so that they each pass over the edge of the support plate and enter the area of the fluidized sand layer can. This means that the support plate is always receptive for further material sinking into the container. Above the support plate becomes a mechanical washing and Cleaning stage created.

The perforated bottom is expediently double-walled. He points a multitude evenly in its upward wall Openings distributed over the surface. Its lower wall is closed. As a bypass can penetrate the perforated floor in the vertical direction Pipe can be provided, which in particular centrally in the perforated bottom is provided. The pipe can also be made by a simple Breakthrough can be replaced, but the free cross section is considerably larger than the multitude of the distributed ones nozzle-like openings through which the upflow water for the fluidization of the sand layer emerges. The double-walled Perforated bottom is for generating the upward flow for the fluidization of the sand layer to a pump Line connected for liquid. About the regulation of The expansion height of the sand layer is adjusted by the pump. The perforations in the perforated floor from which the Upflow water emerges, can have a diameter of 1 mm or have less. The free cross section of these openings lies between 1 and 10% of the total area of the perforated floor. The perforated bottom can also be covered with a membrane Has openings formed in the manner of check valves are so that the openings are only open if upstream water is also supplied via the pump. For Downtimes in which the device is not operating , the layer of sand sinks on top of it Top closed bottom. It will be a violation of Prevents sand in the interior of the perforated floor.

An approximately cylindrical insert can be provided in the container to which the perforated floor is assigned and that for limitation serves to expand the fluidized sand layer. This Insert can be designed to be exchangeable. Various Inserts with different diameters can optionally be in one and the same unchanged container are introduced to in this way inexpensive devices different Size or for different throughputs. If the insert is cylindrical, the outflow rate is over its height and thus over the expansion height the fluidized sand layer constant. The cylindrical insert can in a particularly simple embodiment, the support plate wear, which in this case is expediently ring-shaped is.

The fluidized sand layer can be shown in the various Embodiments an expansion height of about 20 to Have 40 cm to ensure that larger ones organic particles that are in the area of fluidized Sand layer have penetrated, also crushed and made safe this will be carried up again.

In the tube passing through the perforated bottom, a valve and Container following the fluidized sand layer Pressure probe can be provided, the valve via the pressure probe to keep the expansion height of the fluidized sand layer constant is controllable. In this way, the height of expansion the fluidized sand layer is monitored, regulated and constant being held. The hydrostatic pressure of the fluidized Layer of sand is measured using the pressure probe. An increase of the pressure signals an increase in the sand layer, so that accordingly the valve in the tube opened or opened more must be and vice versa. But it is also possible to set the expansion height measure the sand layer with a level tube. The perforated floor can be cleaned with a backwashing device be provided, which expediently acts tangentially on the perforated base and with which it is possible, by backwashing the inside of sand that has penetrated the perforated floor.

The proper functioning of the device in the various Embodiments largely depend on the order of magnitude the amount of organic matter added and the amount of feed of liquid. With increasing loading quantity the organic that accumulates on the fluidized bed of the sand Material to an ever increasing extent with the liquid discharged from the container. On the other hand, at low hydraulic load the organic material in the Concentrate the container. While a large hydraulic Burden on the discharge of organic material from Is an advantage, there is a disadvantage with regard to sand retention, dad more fine sand discharged with the liquid become. The loss of fine sand within certain limits to be able to hold, the loading quantity depending on the container geometry should not be too large. To that for the treatment plant operation Separation level usually required for sand To be able to guarantee is a ratio of the feed quantity to flowable volume of the container of about 20 l / (sec.m3) must be observed.

The first removal device for the organic material can be a the wall part of the container in the area of the collecting space for have the organic material penetrating tube that stationary at the intended height relative to the collection room is arranged. A valve in the pipe or the subsequent one The line is used for discontinuous operation.

The first removal device for the organic material can but also one in the collecting room approximately vertically from above have protruding suction line, which is also adjustable in height can be adjustable to target organic material subtract the set depth of the collecting space.

The devices shown can be quite different Operated in a manner. An advantageous mode of operation results when the container is first filled with liquid, organic material and inorganic material is filled. Then the device is started, i.e. it will Fluid bed built up and the agitator started. Here the sand is cleaned, the organic material moves up and the sand down. The partition closes and the discharge of the cleaned sand. Appropriately for Finally, the organic material is removed. The deduction of the Liquid is continuous with continuous loading.

Figur 1

einen schematisierten Vertikalschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht auf die Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1,

Figur 3

eine ähliche Darstellung wie Figur 1 bei einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,

Figur 4

eine ähnliche Darstellung einer dritten Ausführungsform,

Figur 5

eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,

Figur 6

eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung,

Figur 7

eine weitere Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit der Vorrichtung,

Figur 8

eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf den Lochboden und

Figur 9

eine weitere Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung.

The invention is further explained and described on the basis of various exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Figure 1

2 shows a schematic vertical section through a first embodiment of the device,

Figure 2

2 shows a top view of the device according to FIG. 1,

Figure 3

a representation similar to Figure 1 in a second embodiment of the device,

Figure 4

a similar representation of a third embodiment,

Figure 5

another embodiment of the device,

Figure 6

another embodiment of the device,

Figure 7

another design option for the device,

Figure 8

a schematic plan view of the perforated floor and

Figure 9

a further embodiment of the device.

The essential elements of the device are indicated in FIG. A container 1 is provided which is vertical Axis 2 has. The container 1 is essentially rotationally symmetrical to axis 2. The container 1 has in its lower area a conically widening Wall part 3, which is a cylindrical upwards designed wall part 4 connects. The container 1 can with be provided with a cover 5. The diameter of the container can be one or more meters. Can be used for installation purposes Legs 6 may be provided.

In the lower area 7 of the container 1, a perforated base 8 is horizontal aligned. The perforated floor 8 is double-walled educated. Its wall 9 facing upward has openings 10 on that in shape evenly over the area distributed nozzles can be formed. The after the bottom wall 11 is closed. Of the Gap between the walls 9 and 11 is on a line 12 connected, in which a pump 13 is provided and via the liquid into the interior of the perforated base 8 between the Walls 9 and 11 is guided. This liquid passes through the openings 10 directed upwards in the container. over a fluidized sand layer 14 is provided in the perforated base 8, which in through the outflowing from the perforated bottom 8 in Movement is kept. The sand layer 14 has an expansion height on, which goes up to a limit 15, which here as Dash is indicated. The moving grains of sand 16 in the Fluidized sand layer 14 are shown exaggeratedly large. Depending on the amount of sand in the container, there will be the fluidized sand layer 14 more or less upwards expand. Above the limit 15 of the sand layer 14 is a Collection space 17 for organic material 18 is provided.

Via an indicated loading device 19 a Sand / water mixture, contaminated with organic material Arrow 20 of the device or the container added. A Inlet pipe 21 opens tangentially into a swirl chamber 22 which follows below into a down pipe 23, on which a trumpet-shaped Diffuser 24 connects. The mixture of liquid, organic material and inorganic material is thus in a swirl flow according to arrow 25 introduced into the container 1 and is distributed more or less radially according to arrows 26 in the collecting room 17. The diffuser 24 is below the water level 27 arranged. The water level 27 turns according to an overflow 28 on a device 29 for removing the organic material 18 and the liquid. The overflow 28 leads to an exhaust pipe 30.

In the upper area of the container 1 there can also be a filler pipe 31 may be provided which penetrates the cover 5. Here a contaminated sand mixture, especially street sweepings, are then filled into the liquid arrives and is treated accordingly.

In the lower area 7 of the container 1 is below the perforated bottom 8 a take-off device 32 for the inorganic material intended. The trigger device 32 can be in particular as Screw conveyor 33 with housing 34, shaft 35 and spiral conveyor 36 be formed. It is understood that a drive for the Screw conveyor 33 and the extraction device 32 are provided is operated continuously or discontinuously can, so that the inorganic material is withdrawn according to arrow 37 can be. So that the inorganic material, namely the itself in the area of the sand layer 40 enriching sand grains 16 the fluidized sand layer 14 can pass down and so that the perforated base 8 can pass is a bypass 38 provided, for example in the form of a perforated base 8 in vertical direction penetrating tube 39. The tube 39 is provided concentric to the axis 2 of the container, closes on the one hand the interior of the perforated base 8 between the walls 9 and 11 and on the other hand allows the passage of Grains of sand 16 from the area of the fluidized sand layer 14 in the area of the discharge device 32, so that on this Way there is the possibility of expanding the fluidized To keep the sand layer 14 constant up to the limit 15.

An agitator 40 is concentric in the container 1 and to the axis 2 provided, which has a vertical shaft 41 which over a motor 42 is driven. The shaft 41 is with stirring arms 43 occupied, which are arranged just above the perforated base 8. One or more stirring arms 43 can be provided. The Stirring arms 43 cause in a relatively slow circulation that channels for a preferred inflow in the area of not fluidized sand layer 14 above the perforated bottom 8 can train or destroyed such channels immediately become. The sand grains 16 of the sand layer 14 are also here mechanically stressed by the agitator arms 43 and thus rubbed and cleaned. Additional stirring arms 44 can be attached to the shaft 41 be appropriate in association with the upper limit 15 of the Sand layer 14 and thus in the lower region of the collecting space 17th are arranged and act. These stirring arms 44 have the task an overly dense deposit of organic material 18 on the Prevent sand layer 14 and here also the organic Always keep material 18 moving, shredding and closing mix. On the one hand, this serves to ensure that those descending from above Grains of sand 16 penetrate the organic material 18 and can penetrate into the area of the sand layer 14. On the other hand the buoyancy of further shredded organic material 18 improved so that this in the collection room 17 float and ultimately discharged via the overflow 28 can be.

The device according to FIG. 1 can be operated as follows:

The sand layer 14 is fluidized in the container 1. Via the pump 13 and the line 12, liquid from the Openings 9 of the perforated base 8 are carried upward, whereby the sand layer 14 expands accordingly and is held in this expansion. Now liquid is with organically contaminated inorganic material according to arrow 20 abandoned via the feeder 19 and comes under the water level 27 in a swirl-like distribution, like this is indicated by the arrows 25 and 26. Depending on the size of the Particles will move them in the collecting space 17. Larger` Particles sink faster than smaller particles. Grains of sand 16 will sink and into the area of the fluidized sand layer 14 arrive, which increases the amount of sand here elevated. Organic material 18 will be within the Moving collecting space 17, again larger particles sink faster than fine particles. The organic Material 18 will, however, to a large extent above the Pile border 15 on the sand layer 14. Fine organic Material 18 flows over the overflow 28 carried out while larger particles of organic matter be broken up and crushed until they also have one such a state of limbo that they are separated from that by the Perforated bottom 8 applied inflowing water with discharged become. The agitator 40 with its arms 43 and 44 contributes to Cleaning and movement of the respective layers. By the Tube 39 can grains of sand 16 from the sand layer 14 down step through. This cleaned sand is used with the discharge device 32 carried upwards and conveyed away. This happens in such a way that the expansion height of the sand layer 14 is kept as constant as possible up to the limit 15.

The embodiment of the device according to FIG. 3 is broad Areas initially constructed similarly to the embodiment according to Figure 1, so that reference is made to the description here can be. The agitator 40, however, has a shorter one here designed shaft 41, on which only stirring arms 44 are provided which are just below the limit 15 of the fluidized sand layer 14 work. In association with these arms 44 a support plate 45 is provided, although within the fluidized sand layer 14 is arranged, however, the support of material on their surface, which of the fluidized sand layer 14 is not detected. This yourself Superimposed material is moved together with the stirring arms 44 grated, crushed and separated, including one Promotional effect on this material occurs in such a way that it increasingly shifted to a larger radius and finally can pass over the edge 46 of the support plate 45. At this material will largely be concerned cleaned sand grains 16 act that fluidized in the Install layer of sand 14 while the organic material through the movement of the agitator arms 44 after its comminution in the Collection room 17 floats.

The perforated base 8 is formed continuously here. As a bypass 38 serves a bypass line 47 in the area of the sand layer 14 is connected to this, bypasses the perforated base 8 and in the lower region 7 of the container 1 opens, so that here passing sand discharged from the discharge device 32 can be. For control purposes is in the bypass line 47 a valve 48 is arranged.

The embodiment of the device shown in Figure 4 has a container 1, which is from bottom to top conically widening cross section is formed. About one cylindrical overflow 28 is connected to the Discharge tube 30. The agitator 40 has agitator arms 43 and 44. In the wall of the container 1 in the area of the fluidized A pressure probe 49 is provided in the sand layer 14 electrical line 50 is connected to valve 48, which is centered here in the tube 39, which the perforated base 8th penetrates, is housed. With the pressure probe 49 static pressure in the area of the sand layer 14 is monitored. At the Rise in pressure, which is a measure of the expansion of the Sand layer 14 is up, the valve 48 is opened and vice versa, so that the height of expansion the sand layer 14 are kept constant up to the limit 15 can. Due to the increasing cross-section from bottom to top of the container 1, the speed will decrease from the bottom Reduce above accordingly so that only organic material 18 is discharged in finely divided form over the overflow 28.

In contrast to that, the embodiment according to FIG Embodiment according to Figure 4 has a special feature. It is a Insert 51 is provided, which is essentially cylindrical and in its upper area into an annular surface 52 passes, which fulfills the function of the support plate 45. Also here is an assignment to the agitator arms 44 of the agitator 40 given. The diameter of the insert 51 and the diameter the perforated bottom 8 are adapted to each other. The fluidized Sand layer 14 extends essentially over the height of the Mission 51. This form of training has the advantage that the Insert 51 and an adapted perforated base 8 interchangeable in the Container 1 can be provided to different devices Sizes for different throughputs are available to deliver. The sand layer 14 is extended to the upper limit 15, so that here, as it were, two speed ranges Flow velocity formed within the sand bed 14 are.

FIG. 6 shows the device according to FIG. 5, but with a Insert 51 comparatively smaller diameter and in Assignment to a perforated base 8, whose outer diameter is smaller is as the relevant diameter of the container 1 on this Job. This creates an annular passage surface 53, which fulfills the function of the bypass 38 so that grains of sand 16 step out of the sand layer 14 according to arrow 54 and into the Can reach the discharge device 32.

The embodiment of the device according to FIG. 7 is correct largely with previously described embodiments of the device, so that reference can be made to this. The container 1 has a largely cylindrical here continuous housing, at least in the area of the sand layer 14 and the collecting space 17. The support plate 45 also works here with stirrer arms 44 of the stirrer 40 together.

Figure 8 shows a plan view of the perforated base 8 with its upper wall 9, in which the nozzle-like openings 10 are evenly distributed. The pipe 39 is central provided which forms the bypass 38. There are two here Lines 12 indicated, via the liquid in normal operation via pumps 13 into the interior of the perforated base 8 between the Walls 9 and 11 arrives and through the openings 10 as Upstream water is expelled. Are tangent to the perforated floor two cleaning lines 55 of a backwashing cleaning device 56 shown tangent to the interior of the Perforated bottom 8 is connected between the walls 9 and 11. Via a connection 57, which is only indicated schematically, sand, which penetrated into the perforated base 8 during normal operation is to be rinsed out, so that then the even Structure of the fluidized sand layer 14 in normal operation becomes possible again.

Figure 9 shows a device which is based essentially on the Embodiment of Figure 5 builds. However, here is a first one Trigger device 58 is provided, with the substantially organic material in the liquid is drawn off. A second trigger device 59 is used essentially to deduct the Liquid, whereby here too organic material with the Liquid is drawn off. The device 29 is therefore in two separate discharge facilities, which is also useful operated differently. The trigger device 58 will preferably discontinuously and the trigger device 59 operated continuously. The separate first trigger device 58 serves to over-concentrate organic Avoid material in the collecting room 17, otherwise the danger there is that on the one hand, in particular with a large loading quantity the degree of contamination of the inorganic material the intended cleaning of the sand only increases insufficiently occurs, and on the other hand, fine sands increasingly the liquid are discharged. To prevent this from happening the separate first trigger device 58 provided that a fixed tube 60 can have, which the wall part 4 of the container 1 penetrates and thus immediately Has connection to the collection space 17 for the organic material. In the tube 60, a valve 61 is expediently arranged to the discontinuous removal of the organic material according to arrow To enable 62. Instead of a fixed tube 60 can also be provided a suction line 63, which in dashed lines is indicated. About this in the Collection space 17 from vertically projecting suction line 63 the organic material can move in the direction of arrow 64 subtracted from. The suction line 63 or you in the collection room 17 protruding end can be adjusted in height according to double arrow 65 be arranged to remove organic material in to allow different depths of the collecting space 17. The discontinuous removal of organic material can in particular when the Ruhrwerk 40 is at a standstill be so that even with the arrangement of a further stirring arm 66 suction of the shaft 41 in the region of the collecting space 17 can take place below this stirring arm 66.

Basically, the device 29 can be divided into two separate extraction devices 58 and 59 in all embodiments of the device, the extraction device 58 always having to be arranged at a certain distance from the fluidized sand layer 14 in order to remove as little sand as possible when the organic material is removed. REFERENCE SIGN LIST 1 - container 11 - wall 2-axis 12 - line 3 - wall part 13 - pump 4 - wall part 14 - layer of sand 5 - cover 15 - limit 6 - mainstay 16 - grain of sand 7 - area 17 - assembly room 8-hole base 18 - organic material 9 - wall 19 - loading device 10 - breakthroughs 20 - arrow 21 - inlet pipe 31 - filler pipe 22 - Swirl chamber 32 - trigger device 23 - downpipe 33 - screw conveyor 24 - diffuser 34 - housing 25 - arrow 35 - wave 26 - arrow 36 - conveyor helix 27 - water level 37 - arrow 28 - overflow 38 - bypass 29 - Setup 39 - tube 30 - exhaust pipe 40 - agitator 41 - wave 51 - Use 42 - engine 52 - ring surface 43 - stirring arm 53 - passage area 44 - stirring arm 54 - arrow 45 - support plate 55 - cleaning line 46 - edge 56 - cleaning device 47 - Bypass Line 57 - connection 48 - valve 58 - Trigger device 49 - pressure probe 59 - Trigger device 50 - line 60 - tube 61 - valve 62 - arrow 63 - suction line 64 - arrow 65 - double arrow 66 - stirring arm

Claims (13)

1. Device for separating inorganic material polluted by organic material from a fluid, especially organic pollution and sand in sewage devices, with a circular-shaped container (1) in its upper region including a feed device (19) for the introduction of the fluid and of the organic and of the inorganic material into the container (1), with a by-pass (38) for the transfer of a part of the inorganic material into an extractor device (32) for the inorganic material, the extractor device (32) being positioned in the lower region (7) of the container (1), and with a device (29) to discharge organic material and fluid, characterized in that a fluidised sand bed (14) is provided in the lower region (7) of the container (1) to separate the organic material from the inorganic material, and to reduce the size of the organic material, the fluidised sand bed (14) being kept in motion by an upwardly directed flow of liquid being distributed over a perforated base (8), that the container (1) includes a collecting chamber (17) for organic material (18), the collecting chamber (17) being positioned directly above the upper limit (15) of the extension of the fluidised sand bed (14), and that the device (29) to discharge organic material and fluid includes a first extractor device (58) substantially for the organic material (18) coming from the collecting chamber (17) and a second extractor device (59) substantially for the liquid.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed device (19) is arranged in the centre and it includes a spinning chamber (22), a gravity pipe (23) and a trumpet-shaped diffuser (24).
3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting chamber (17) for organic material (18) being positioned directly above the upper limit (15) of the extension of the fluidised sand bed (14) has a cross-section widening in an upward direction.
4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a stirring apparatus (40) is arranged inside the container (1), the stirring apparatus (40) including driven agitator blades (43, 44) being rotationally located in the lower region of the fluidised sand bed (14) directly above the perforated base and/or being located above the fluidised sand bed (14) and adjacent to the region between the fluidised sand bed (14) and the collecting chamber (17) for the organic material.
5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that a supporting plate (45) having a closed surface is horizontally arranged inside the container (1), and it is allocated to one agitator blade (44) of the stirring apparatus (40).
6. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated base (8) is designed to have two walls, that a number of openings (10) is uniformly distributed over the surface of the upper wall (9), and that the lower wall (11) is designed to be closed, and that a tube (39) extending through the perforated base (8) in a vertical direction forms the by-pass (38).
7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the double walled perforated base (8) is connected to a pipe (12) for liquid, the pipe (12) including a pump (13) to generate an upwardly directed flow for the fluidisation of the sand bed (14).
8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a substantially cylindrically shaped insert (51) is arranged inside the container (1), the perforated base (8) being allocated to the insert (51) serving to limit the extension of the fluidised sand bed (14).
9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fluidised sand bed (14) has an extension height of approximately 20 to 40 cm.
10. Device according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that a valve (48) is arranged in the tube (39) extending through the perforated base (8), and that a pressure sensor (49) is arranged in the container (1) and having connection to the fluidised sand bed (14), and that the valve (48) is controlled by the pressure sensor (49) to keep the extension height of the fluidised sand bed (14) constant.
11. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the perforated base (8) includes a backwashing cleaning device (56).
12. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the first extractor device (58) for the organic material includes a tube (60) extending through the wall (4) of the container (1) in the region of the collecting chamber (17).
13. Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the first extractor device (58) for the organic material includes a suction pipe (63) extending substantially vertically into the collecting chamber (17).

Images