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EP0796992A1 - Method and device for controlling a driving contactor for a vehicle starter motor - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling a driving contactor for a vehicle starter motor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0796992A1
EP0796992A1 EP97400625A EP97400625A EP0796992A1 EP 0796992 A1 EP0796992 A1 EP 0796992A1 EP 97400625 A EP97400625 A EP 97400625A EP 97400625 A EP97400625 A EP 97400625A EP 0796992 A1 EP0796992 A1 EP 0796992A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
power contact
starter
open
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97400625A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0796992B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Vilou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0848—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines with means for detecting successful engine start, e.g. to stop starter actuation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10—Safety devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods and devices for controlling a motor vehicle starter switch.
  • the supply of a motor vehicle starter is controlled by a winding power contactor, controlled by electronics.
  • the role of such a contactor is, on the one hand, to constitute a linear actuator for moving a starter pinion along a drive shaft from a rest position to a meshing position with a ring gear situated under a flywheel. and, on the other hand, to constitute a power relay whose contact allows the supply of the electric motor of the starter, said motor driving in rotation the starter pinion.
  • the control electronics generally comprise a switch of the transistor type which controls the passage of a current in the winding of the contactor.
  • the control is all or nothing or progressive, as has been proposed in patent application FR 2 679 717.
  • the winding is supplied in the inrush state by a strong current, so as to develop the mechanical forces necessary to propel the starter pinion in the starting ring of the heat engine.
  • the contactor has two windings, including a call winding and a holding winding, the power goes at the end of the previous period to a reduced current level sufficient to keep the power contactor closed.
  • This operating mode is normally very brief, of the order of a few tenths of seconds, which prevents deterioration by thermal effect of the components mentioned.
  • the operating time in call mode is as long as the duration of keeping the ignition key in the start position.
  • This duration is left to the discretion of the driver of the vehicle; in practice, it can sometimes reach several tens of seconds, which is more than enough to damage the transistor or the contactor winding.
  • the causes of non-closing of the power switch can be numerous: in addition to the mechanical causes, they can also be linked to the presence of non-conductive bodies on the surface of the contacts: dust, insulating particles, icing, oxidation ,. ..
  • An object of the invention is therefore to propose a method and a control device which make it possible to avoid deterioration of the transistor or of the contactor winding when due to a failure of the contactor the operating time in the call state is too important.
  • the call supply or windings are cut or reduced when the power contact is always open after a predetermined time from the start of the call supply.
  • the invention also provides a device for controlling a motor vehicle starter contactor, said contactor comprising at least one winding and a power contact, the closure of which allows the starter to be supplied, characterized in that it comprises means for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact, as well as means for cutting off or reducing the call supply to the winding (s) when the power contact is still open after a predetermined time by report at the start of call feeding.
  • an electric motor D has been shown which constitutes the starter of the vehicle and the supply of which is controlled by a power contact 1.
  • This electric motor D is mounted between a terminal B + at the supply voltage of the battery and earth.
  • Contact 1 is interposed between the supply terminal B + and the starter D.
  • winding 2 mounted between the supply terminal B + and the earth.
  • the supply of the winding 2 is itself controlled by a switch 3 interposed between the winding 2 and the ground.
  • the switch 3 is a MOSFET type transistor, the drain of which is connected to the winding 2 and the source of which is connected to ground.
  • the gate voltage of this transistor 3 is controlled by electronics 4 which will now be described.
  • This electronics 4 includes a management unit 5, which manages the gate voltage of the transistor 5, so as to control the supply sequence of the winding 2 according to the different phases of operation of the starter (call supply, maintenance of contact closure, automatic starter stop after starting the engine, etc.).
  • This unit 5 also performs various functions, such as thermal protection for the starter, restart protection when the engine is running, etc.
  • This management unit 5 receives various information on the operation of the starter D. It is also connected to a line L of supply to the voltage of the vehicle battery, controlled by the ignition key 6.
  • the signal "a" at the output of this management unit 5 is transmitted to means 7 for controlling the blocking of the transistor 3, which generates the voltage injected on the gate of the transistor 3.
  • These means 7 control for example the transistor 3 so that it works as a switch or in sequenced or progressive supply.
  • This signal “a” is for example of the type of the binary signal illustrated in FIG. 2a, the level 1 of which corresponds to the control of the blocking of the transistor 3 and the level of which 0 controls its opening. Signal “a” goes to level 1 when the ignition key is closed.
  • This signal "a” is also transmitted to a timer unit 8.
  • the signal "e” at the output of this timer unit 8 is delayed by a duration Tc with respect to the signal "a” ( Figure 2b).
  • This signal "f” is generated by a unit 10 which detects the open or closed state of the power contact 1 as a function, for example, of the measurement of the voltage at the terminals of the starter D, or also of the measurement of the intensity that flows through it.
  • the signal "f" can be generated as a function of a measurement of the speed either of the electric motor that constitutes the starter, or of the heat engine.
  • the unit 10 advantageously comprises a circuit for smoothing the input signal, so as not to inadvertently trigger the electronic protection under the effect of micro-breaking of the power contact which could occur, for example, following bounces of the contact or to switching noise on the electric motor.
  • the signal "g" at the output of the unit 9 is a signal of the type illustrated in FIG. 2d, which is equal to 1 when the power contact 1 is not closed at the end of the time delay by the unit 8, that is to say when the signal "f” is equal to 0 when the signal "e” passes to its level 1.
  • This signal "g" is transmitted with the signal “a” to the means 7 for controlling the blocking of the transistor 3.
  • the signal "b" (FIG. 2e) generated by these means 7 controls the blocking of the transistor 3 when the signal "a” is at its level 1 and that the signal "g" is at its level 0.
  • the delay time Tc is chosen small enough so that there is no irreversible damage to the transistor 3 or the winding 2 if the power contact 1 does not close, but nevertheless sufficient to ensure the propulsion of the starter pinion in the working position.
  • the means 7 for controlling the gate of the transistor consist of a resistor R1.
  • Unit 8 consists of a standard timing circuit which goes to level 1 after a given time delay Tc, when it receives a level 1 signal.
  • the decision-making unit 9 includes a "NAND" gate 11, a first input e 1 of which is connected to the output of the timing unit 8 and a second input of which e 2 is connected to the collector of a bipolar switching transistor T This collector is charged by a resistor R2 connected to a supply terminal at the battery voltage.
  • the emitter of this transistor T is connected to ground.
  • the output s of this gate 11 is connected to the gate of transistor 3, by means of a diode 12, which is blocking from said output s towards the gate.
  • the transistor T In the absence of a positive signal on its base (signal "f" at level 0), the transistor T is not conductive and the second input of the NAND gate is at level 1.
  • the output of logic gate 11 is then at level 0 when the signal "e" goes to level 1 at the end of the time delay.
  • the gate of transistor 3 is then at a voltage close to 0.
  • the inrush current in said transistor 3 and in winding 2 is reduced to a negligible value, which makes the situation without risk from the thermal point of view.
  • the diode 12 makes it possible to avoid, in these cases, any influence on the command generated by the unit 5.
  • the gate voltage of the transistor 3 is then directly controlled by the level of the signal "a" at the output of the unit of management 5.
  • the unit 10 illustrated in FIG. 3 makes it possible both to calibrate and to smooth the voltage on the positive terminal of the electric motor.
  • Zener diode 13 the anode of which is connected to ground and the cathode of which is connected, by means of a resistor R3, to the base of the transistor T.
  • the cathode of this diode 13 is also connected, via a resistor R4, to one end of a capacitor 14, the other end of which is connected to ground. At their common end, the capacitor 14 and the resistor R4 are connected to a point between the contact 1 and the starter D, by means of a diode 15.
  • Resistor R4 limits the current in this diode 13 in the event of an overvoltage.
  • the capacitor 14 eliminates the undesirable effects of micro-breaks and parasites.
  • the diode 15 prevents rapid discharge of the capacitor 14 in the starter D during the micro-cuts.
  • the device which has just been described has many advantages.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The control process is for the vehicle electric starter motor (D) which is mounted between a positive battery supply terminal (B+) and earth, with a contact (1) inserted between the supply and the motor. The contact is controlled by a winding (2) similarly connected between the supply and earth which is controlled by a MOSFET switch (3) whose grid is controlled by an electronic circuit (4). This circuit controls the winding supply in different phases of operation: closing the contact, holding the contact, and automatic release after the starting of the engine. The signal used to operate the MOSFET switch is subject to a time control circuit (8), so that the contact closing signal is only maintained for a predetermined time after switching on. The current through the winding is thus cut or reduced after a set time, and completely cut once the speed of the engine is detected to have reached a given threshold.

Description

La présente invention est relative aux procédés et aux dispositifs pour la commande d'un contacteur de démarreur de véhicule automobile.The present invention relates to methods and devices for controlling a motor vehicle starter switch.

Classiquement, l'alimentation d'un démarreur de véhicule automobile est commandée par un contacteur de puissance à bobinage, piloté par une électronique.Conventionally, the supply of a motor vehicle starter is controlled by a winding power contactor, controlled by electronics.

Un tel contacteur a pour rôle, d'une part, de constituer un actionneur linéaire pour déplacer un pignon lanceur le long d'un arbre moteur d'une position de repos à une position d'engrènement avec une couronne dentée située sous un volant moteur et, d'autre part, de constituer un relais de puissance dont le contact permet l'alimentation du moteur électrique du démarreur, ledit moteur entraînant en rotation le pignon lanceur.The role of such a contactor is, on the one hand, to constitute a linear actuator for moving a starter pinion along a drive shaft from a rest position to a meshing position with a ring gear situated under a flywheel. and, on the other hand, to constitute a power relay whose contact allows the supply of the electric motor of the starter, said motor driving in rotation the starter pinion.

Pour un exemple de structure de démarreur automobile, on pourra par exemple se référer à US 5,345,901.For an example of an automobile starter structure, one can for example refer to US 5,345,901.

L'électronique de commande comporte généralement un interrupteur du type transistor qui commande le passage d'un courant dans le bobinage du contacteur. La commande est tout ou rien ou progressive, ainsi que cela a été proposé dans la demande de brevet FR 2 679 717.The control electronics generally comprise a switch of the transistor type which controls the passage of a current in the winding of the contactor. The control is all or nothing or progressive, as has been proposed in patent application FR 2 679 717.

Dans un premier temps, le bobinage est alimenté en état d'appel par un fort courant, de façon à développer les forces mécaniques nécessaires pour propulser le pignon de lanceur dans la couronne de démarrage du moteur thermique.Initially, the winding is supplied in the inrush state by a strong current, so as to develop the mechanical forces necessary to propel the starter pinion in the starting ring of the heat engine.

Dans un deuxième temps, lorsque le contacteur comporte deux enroulements, dont un enroulement d'appel et un enroulement de maintien, l'alimentation passe en fin de période précédente à un niveau de courant réduit suffisant pour maintenir le contacteur de puissance fermé.Secondly, when the contactor has two windings, including a call winding and a holding winding, the power goes at the end of the previous period to a reduced current level sufficient to keep the power contactor closed.

En état d'appel, du fait des courants élevés, le bobinage du contacteur (qu'il soit à un ou plusieurs enroulements) et le transistor de commande sont le siège de dégagements de chaleur importants.In call state, due to high currents, the contactor winding (whether it is one or more windings) and the control transistor are the seat significant heat release.

Ce mode de fonctionnement est normalement très bref, de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de secondes, ce qui empêche la détérioration par effet thermique des composants cités.This operating mode is normally very brief, of the order of a few tenths of seconds, which prevents deterioration by thermal effect of the components mentioned.

Toutefois, en cas de dysfonctionnement de l'interrupteur de puissance, la durée de fonctionnement en mode d'appel est aussi longue que la durée de maintien de la clé de contact en position de démarrage.However, in the event of a malfunction of the power switch, the operating time in call mode is as long as the duration of keeping the ignition key in the start position.

Cette durée est laissée à l'appréciation du conducteur du véhicule ; en pratique, elle peut parfois atteindre plusieurs dizaines de secondes, ce qui est largement suffisant pour détériorer le transistor ou le bobinage de contacteur.This duration is left to the discretion of the driver of the vehicle; in practice, it can sometimes reach several tens of seconds, which is more than enough to damage the transistor or the contactor winding.

Or, les causes de non fermeture de l'interrupteur de puissance peuvent être nombreuses : outre les causes mécaniques, elles peuvent également être liées à la présence de corps non conducteurs à la surface des contacts : poussières, particules isolantes, givrage, oxydation,...However, the causes of non-closing of the power switch can be numerous: in addition to the mechanical causes, they can also be linked to the presence of non-conductive bodies on the surface of the contacts: dust, insulating particles, icing, oxidation ,. ..

Un but de l'invention est donc de proposer un procédé et un dispositif de commande qui permettent d'éviter la détérioration du transistor ou du bobinage du contacteur lorsque du fait d'une défaillance du contacteur la durée de fonctionnement en état d'appel est trop importante.An object of the invention is therefore to propose a method and a control device which make it possible to avoid deterioration of the transistor or of the contactor winding when due to a failure of the contactor the operating time in the call state is too important.

On connaît déjà par US 4,345,554 une électronique de commande d'un démarreur qui désactive l'alimentation de celui-ci lorsque le moteur n'a pas démarré à l'issue d'un temps prédéterminé. Toutefois, cette commande n'est pas pleinement satisfaisante. Elle peut amener à couper l'alimentation du démarreur alors que le contact de puissance est effectivement fermé.Already known from US 4,345,554 an electronic control of a starter which deactivates the supply thereof when the engine has not started after a predetermined time. However, this command is not fully satisfactory. It can cause the starter power to be cut while the power contact is effectively closed.

Selon l'invention, on coupe ou réduit l'alimentation d'appel du ou des enroulements lorsque le contact de puissance est toujours ouvert à l'issue d'un temps prédéterminé par rapport au début de l'alimentation d'appel.According to the invention, the call supply or windings are cut or reduced when the power contact is always open after a predetermined time from the start of the call supply.

L'invention propose également un dispositif pour la commande d'un contacteur de démarreur de véhicule automobile, ledit contacteur comportant au moins un enroulement et un contact de puissance dont la fermeture permet l'alimentation du démarreur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour détecter l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance, ainsi que des moyens pour couper ou réduire l'alimentation d'appel du ou des enroulements lorsque le contact de puissance est toujours ouvert à l'issue d'un temps prédéterminé par rapport au début de l'alimentation d'appel.The invention also provides a device for controlling a motor vehicle starter contactor, said contactor comprising at least one winding and a power contact, the closure of which allows the starter to be supplied, characterized in that it comprises means for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact, as well as means for cutting off or reducing the call supply to the winding (s) when the power contact is still open after a predetermined time by report at the start of call feeding.

Ce dispositif est avantageusement complété par les différentes caractéristiques suivantes prises seules ou selon toutes leurs combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • il comporte des moyens pour générer un signal de commande du démarrage, notamment lors de la fermeture de la clé de contact, un élément pour la régulation du courant d'alimentation du ou des enroulements, des moyens pour la commande de cet élément de régulation, ces moyens recevant le signal de commande de démarrage, les moyens pour couper ou réduire l'alimentation d'appel comportant des moyens de temporisation auxquels le signal de commande de démarrage est transmis, ainsi que des moyens décisionnels qui reçoivent en entrée les signaux en sortie d'une part des moyens de temporisation et d'autre part des moyens de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance, ces moyens décisionnels émettant en sortie un signal qui indique aux moyens de commande de l'élément de régulation que le contact de puissance est ouvert à l'issue de la temporisation ;
  • les moyens décisionnels comportent une porte logique dont une entrée reçoit le signal en sortie des moyens de temporisation et dont une autre entrée reçoit un signal correspondant au signal en sortie des moyens de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance, la sortie de ladite porte logique étant reliée à la sortie des moyens de commande de l'élément de régulation par l'intermédiaire d'une diode ;
  • la porte logique est une porte NON ET ;
  • la deuxième entrée de la porte logique est reliée à une borne d'alimentation par l'intermédiaire de moyens principalement résistifs, ainsi qu'à une extrémité d'un interrupteur dont l'autre extrémité est reliée à la masse et qui est commandé par le signal en sortie des moyens de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance ;
  • les moyens de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance comportent des moyens de lissage ;
  • les moyens de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance comportent des moyens pour la mesure de la tension aux bornes du démarreur, ou la mesure de l'intensité qui circule dans celui-ci, ou encore la mesure de la vitesse de rotation du démarreur ou du moteur thermique ;
  • les moyens de détection comportent une diode Zener dont la tension de cathode est le signal qui commande l'interrupteur, la cathode de ladite diode étant reliée à un point entre le contact de puissance et le démarreur, son anode étant reliée à la masse ;
  • les moyens de détection comportent en outre des moyens principalement résistifs pour la limitation du courant dans ladite diode en cas de surtension.
This device is advantageously supplemented by the following different characteristics taken alone or in all their technically possible combinations:
  • it includes means for generating a start control signal, in particular when the ignition key is closed, an element for regulating the supply current of the winding (s), means for controlling this regulating element, these means receiving the start control signal, the means for cutting off or reducing the call supply comprising delay means to which the start control signal is transmitted, as well as decision-making means which receive the output signals as an input on the one hand, timing means and on the other hand means for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact, these decision-making means outputting a signal which indicates to the control means of the regulating element that the power contact is open at the end of the time delay;
  • the decision-making means include a logic gate, one input of which receives the signal at the output of delay means and of which another input receives a signal corresponding to the signal at the output of the means for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact, the output of said logic gate being connected to the output of the control means of the regulating element via a diode;
  • the logic gate is a NAND gate;
  • the second input of the logic gate is connected to a supply terminal by means of mainly resistive means, as well as to one end of a switch whose other end is connected to ground and which is controlled by the signal at the output of the means for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact;
  • the means for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact comprise smoothing means;
  • the means for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact comprise means for measuring the voltage across the terminals of the starter, or measuring the current flowing therein, or even measuring the speed rotation of the starter or the combustion engine;
  • the detection means comprise a Zener diode, the cathode voltage of which is the signal which controls the switch, the cathode of said diode being connected to a point between the power contact and the starter, its anode being connected to ground;
  • the detection means also comprise mainly resistive means for limiting the current in said diode in the event of an overvoltage.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront encore de la description qui suit. Cette description est purement. illustrative et non limitative. Elle doit être lue en regard des dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est un schéma illustrant un mode de réalisation possible pour le dispositif conforme à l'invention ;
  • les figures 2a à 2e illustrent une séquence de commande possible pour le dispositif de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une représentation schématique semblable à celle de la figure 1 et illustre une autre variante possible pour le dispositif conforme à l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows. This description is purely. illustrative and not limiting. It should be read next to the drawings annexed on which:
  • Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a possible embodiment for the device according to the invention;
  • Figures 2a to 2e illustrate a possible control sequence for the device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation similar to that of Figure 1 and illustrates another possible variant for the device according to the invention.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un moteur électrique D qui constitue le démarreur du véhicule et dont l'alimentation est commandée par un contact de puissance 1.In FIG. 1, an electric motor D has been shown which constitutes the starter of the vehicle and the supply of which is controlled by a power contact 1.

Ce moteur électrique D est monté entre une borne B+ à la tension d'alimentation de la batterie et la masse.This electric motor D is mounted between a terminal B + at the supply voltage of the battery and earth.

Le contact 1 est interposé entre la borne d'alimentation B+ et le démarreur D.Contact 1 is interposed between the supply terminal B + and the starter D.

Il est commandé par un enroulement 2 monté entre la borne d'alimentation B+ et la masse. L'alimentation de l'enroulement 2 est elle-même commandée par un interrupteur 3 interposé entre l'enroulement 2 et la masse.It is controlled by a winding 2 mounted between the supply terminal B + and the earth. The supply of the winding 2 is itself controlled by a switch 3 interposed between the winding 2 and the ground.

Dans l'exemple ici décrit, l'interrupteur 3 est un transistor de type MOSFET, dont le drain est relié à l'enroulement 2 et dont la source est reliée à la masse.In the example described here, the switch 3 is a MOSFET type transistor, the drain of which is connected to the winding 2 and the source of which is connected to ground.

La tension de grille de ce transistor 3 est commandée par une électronique 4 qui va maintenant être décrite.The gate voltage of this transistor 3 is controlled by electronics 4 which will now be described.

Cette électronique 4 comporte une unité de gestion 5, qui gère la tension de grille du transistor 5, de façon à contrôler la séquence d'alimentation de l'enroulement 2 selon les différentes phases de fonctionnement du démarreur (alimentation d'appel, maintien de la fermeture du contact, arrêt automatique du démarreur après le démarrage du moteur thermique, etc.). Cette unité 5 assure également différentes fonctions, telles que la protection thermique du démarreur, la protection anti-redémarrage lorsque le moteur thermique fonctionne, etc.This electronics 4 includes a management unit 5, which manages the gate voltage of the transistor 5, so as to control the supply sequence of the winding 2 according to the different phases of operation of the starter (call supply, maintenance of contact closure, automatic starter stop after starting the engine, etc.). This unit 5 also performs various functions, such as thermal protection for the starter, restart protection when the engine is running, etc.

Cette unité de gestion 5 reçoit différentes informations sur le fonctionnement du démarreur D. Elle est également reliée à une ligne L d'alimentation à la tension de la batterie du véhicule, commandée par la clé de contact 6.This management unit 5 receives various information on the operation of the starter D. It is also connected to a line L of supply to the voltage of the vehicle battery, controlled by the ignition key 6.

Le signal "a" en sortie de cette unité de gestion 5 est transmis à des moyens 7 pour la commande du blocage du transistor 3, qui génère la tension injectée sur la grille du transistor 3. Ces moyens 7 commandent par exemple le transistor 3 de façon qu'il fonctionne en commutateur ou encore en alimentation séquencée ou progressive.The signal "a" at the output of this management unit 5 is transmitted to means 7 for controlling the blocking of the transistor 3, which generates the voltage injected on the gate of the transistor 3. These means 7 control for example the transistor 3 so that it works as a switch or in sequenced or progressive supply.

Ce signal "a" est par exemple du type du signal binaire illustré sur la figure 2a, dont le niveau 1 correspond à la commande du blocage du transistor 3 et dont le niveau 0 commande son ouverture. Le signal "a" passe à son niveau 1 lors de la fermeture de la clé de contact.This signal "a" is for example of the type of the binary signal illustrated in FIG. 2a, the level 1 of which corresponds to the control of the blocking of the transistor 3 and the level of which 0 controls its opening. Signal "a" goes to level 1 when the ignition key is closed.

Ce signal "a" est également transmis à une unité de temporisation 8.This signal "a" is also transmitted to a timer unit 8.

Le signal "e" en sortie de cette unité de temporisation 8 est retardé d'une durée Tc par rapport au signal "a" (figure 2b).The signal "e" at the output of this timer unit 8 is delayed by a duration Tc with respect to the signal "a" (Figure 2b).

Il est transmis à une unité décisionnelle 9 en même temps qu'un signal "f" (figure 2c), qui est un signal binaire représentatif de l'état fermé ou ouvert du contact 1.It is transmitted to a decision-making unit 9 at the same time as a signal "f" (FIG. 2c), which is a binary signal representative of the closed or open state of contact 1.

Ce signal "f" est généré par une unité 10 qui détecte l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance 1 en fonction, par exemple, de la mesure de la tension aux bornes du démarreur D, ou encore de la mesure de l'intensité qui circule dans celui-ci.This signal "f" is generated by a unit 10 which detects the open or closed state of the power contact 1 as a function, for example, of the measurement of the voltage at the terminals of the starter D, or also of the measurement of the intensity that flows through it.

En variante, le signal "f" peut être généré en fonction d'une mesure de la vitesse soit du moteur électrique que constitue le démarreur, soit du moteur thermique.As a variant, the signal "f" can be generated as a function of a measurement of the speed either of the electric motor that constitutes the starter, or of the heat engine.

Dans l'exemple illustré sur les figures, on a représenté en trait plein sur la figure 2c un signal binaire qui correspond au signal "f" lorsque le contact de puissance 1 se ferme immédiatement après la commande du démarrage par le signal "a", ainsi qu'en traits interrompus le signal "f" lorsque le contact de puissance ne se ferme pas pendant la durée de la temporisation.In the example illustrated in the figures, there is shown in solid line in FIG. 2c a binary signal which corresponds to the signal "f" when the power contact 1 closes immediately after the start command by the signal "a", as well as in broken lines the signal "f" when the power contact does not close for the duration of the time delay.

L'unité 10 comporte avantageusement un circuit de lissage du signal d'entrée, de façon à ne pas déclencher intempestivement la protection électronique sous l'effet de microcoupure du contact de puissance qui pourrait intervenir, par exemple, suite à des rebonds du contact ou à des parasites de commutation sur le moteur électrique.The unit 10 advantageously comprises a circuit for smoothing the input signal, so as not to inadvertently trigger the electronic protection under the effect of micro-breaking of the power contact which could occur, for example, following bounces of the contact or to switching noise on the electric motor.

Le signal "g" en sortie de l'unité 9 est un signal du type de celui illustré sur la figure 2d, qui vaut 1 lorsque le contact de puissance 1 n'est pas fermé à l'issue de la temporisation par l'unité 8, c'est-à-dire lorsque le signal "f" vaut 0 lorsque le signal "e" passe à son niveau 1.The signal "g" at the output of the unit 9 is a signal of the type illustrated in FIG. 2d, which is equal to 1 when the power contact 1 is not closed at the end of the time delay by the unit 8, that is to say when the signal "f" is equal to 0 when the signal "e" passes to its level 1.

Ce signal "g" est transmis avec le signal "a" aux moyens 7 pour la commande du blocage du transistor 3.This signal "g" is transmitted with the signal "a" to the means 7 for controlling the blocking of the transistor 3.

Le signal "b" (figure 2e) généré par ces moyens 7 commande le blocage du transistor 3 lorsque le signal "a" est à son niveau 1 et que le signal "g" est à son niveau 0.The signal "b" (FIG. 2e) generated by these means 7 controls the blocking of the transistor 3 when the signal "a" is at its level 1 and that the signal "g" is at its level 0.

Par contre, dès que le signal "g" passe à son niveau 1, c'est-à-dire lorsque l'on détecte l'ouverture du contact 1 à l'issue du temps de temporisation, le signal "b" passe au niveau 0 et le transistor 3 est ouvert.On the other hand, as soon as the signal "g" goes to its level 1, that is to say when the opening of the contact 1 is detected at the end of the delay time, the signal "b" goes to the level 0 and transistor 3 is open.

La durée de temporisation Tc est choisie suffisamment petite pour qu'il n'y ait aucun endommagement irréversible du transistor 3 ou de l'enroulement 2 si le contact de puissance 1 ne se ferme pas, mais néanmoins suffisante pour assurer la propulsion du pignon de lanceur en position de travail.The delay time Tc is chosen small enough so that there is no irreversible damage to the transistor 3 or the winding 2 if the power contact 1 does not close, but nevertheless sufficient to ensure the propulsion of the starter pinion in the working position.

En pratique, des valeurs comprises entre 0,5 et 10 secondes conviennent.In practice, values between 0.5 and 10 seconds are suitable.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 3.We now refer to Figure 3.

Les différents moyens du dispositif de la figure 1 y ont été détaillés.The various means of the device of FIG. 1 have been detailed there.

Les moyens 7 pour la commande de la grille du transistor sont constitués par une résistance R1.The means 7 for controlling the gate of the transistor consist of a resistor R1.

L'unité 8 est constituée par un circuit de temporisation standard qui passe au niveau 1 après une durée de temporisation Tc donnée, lorsqu'il reçoit un signal de niveau 1.Unit 8 consists of a standard timing circuit which goes to level 1 after a given time delay Tc, when it receives a level 1 signal.

L'unité décisionnelle 9 comporte une porte "NON ET" 11 dont une première entrée e1 est reliée à la sortie de l'unité de temporisation 8 et dont une deuxième entrée e2 est reliée au collecteur d'un transistor bipolaire de commutation T. Ce collecteur est chargé par une résistance R2 reliée à une borne d'alimentation à la tension de la batterie.The decision-making unit 9 includes a "NAND" gate 11, a first input e 1 of which is connected to the output of the timing unit 8 and a second input of which e 2 is connected to the collector of a bipolar switching transistor T This collector is charged by a resistor R2 connected to a supply terminal at the battery voltage.

L'émetteur de ce transistor T est relié à la masse.The emitter of this transistor T is connected to ground.

La sortie s de cette porte 11 est reliée à la grille du transistor 3, par l'intermédiaire d'une diode 12, qui est blocante de ladite sortie s vers la grille.The output s of this gate 11 is connected to the gate of transistor 3, by means of a diode 12, which is blocking from said output s towards the gate.

En l'absence de signal positif sur sa base (signal "f" au niveau 0), le transistor T n'est pas conducteur et la deuxième entrée de la porte NON ET est au niveau 1.In the absence of a positive signal on its base (signal "f" at level 0), the transistor T is not conductive and the second input of the NAND gate is at level 1.

La sortie de la porte logique 11 est alors au niveau 0 lorsque le signal "e" passe au niveau 1 à l'issue de la temporisation. La grille du transistor 3 est alors à une tension voisine de 0. Le courant d'appel dans ledit transistor 3 et dans l'enroulement 2 est réduit à une valeur négligeable, qui rend la situation sans risque du point de vue thermique.The output of logic gate 11 is then at level 0 when the signal "e" goes to level 1 at the end of the time delay. The gate of transistor 3 is then at a voltage close to 0. The inrush current in said transistor 3 and in winding 2 is reduced to a negligible value, which makes the situation without risk from the thermal point of view.

Dans tous les autres états des signaux "e" et "f" en entrée de la porte 11, le signal "g" en sortie de ladite porte 11 est au niveau 1.In all the other states of the signals "e" and "f" at the input of gate 11, the signal "g" at the output of said gate 11 is at level 1.

La diode 12 permet d'éviter, dans ces cas, toute influence sur la commande générée par l'unité 5. La tension de grille du transistor 3 est alors directement commandée par le niveau du signal "a" en sortie de l'unité de gestion 5.The diode 12 makes it possible to avoid, in these cases, any influence on the command generated by the unit 5. The gate voltage of the transistor 3 is then directly controlled by the level of the signal "a" at the output of the unit of management 5.

L'unité 10 illustrée sur la figure 3 permet à la fois de calibrer et de lisser la tension sur la borne positive du moteur électrique.The unit 10 illustrated in FIG. 3 makes it possible both to calibrate and to smooth the voltage on the positive terminal of the electric motor.

Elle comporte une diode Zener 13 dont l'anode est reliée à la masse et dont la cathode est reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance R3, à la base du transistor T.It comprises a Zener diode 13, the anode of which is connected to ground and the cathode of which is connected, by means of a resistor R3, to the base of the transistor T.

La cathode de cette diode 13 est également reliée, par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance R4, à une extrémité d'un condensateur 14, dont l'autre extrémité est reliée à la masse. A leur extrémité commune, le condensateur 14 et la résistance R4 sont reliés à un point entre le contact 1 et le démarreur D, par l'intermédiaire d'une diode 15.The cathode of this diode 13 is also connected, via a resistor R4, to one end of a capacitor 14, the other end of which is connected to ground. At their common end, the capacitor 14 and the resistor R4 are connected to a point between the contact 1 and the starter D, by means of a diode 15.

Lorsque le contact 1 est fermé, le signal "f" en sortie de l'unité 10 est à la tension Zener de la diode 13, la tension aux bornes du démarreur D, sujette à des effets selfiques, étant limitée par ladite diode Zener 13.When contact 1 is closed, the signal "f" at the output of unit 10 is at the Zener voltage of diode 13, the voltage across the starter D, subject to inductive effects, being limited by said Zener diode 13 .

La résistance R4 limite le courant dans cette diode 13 en cas de surtension.Resistor R4 limits the current in this diode 13 in the event of an overvoltage.

Le condensateur 14 élimine les effets indésirables des microcoupures et parasites. La diode 15 évite une décharge rapide du condensateur 14 dans le démarreur D pendant les microcoupures.The capacitor 14 eliminates the undesirable effects of micro-breaks and parasites. The diode 15 prevents rapid discharge of the capacitor 14 in the starter D during the micro-cuts.

Lorsque le contact 1 est ouvert, le signal "f" en sortie de cette unité 10 se trouve à son niveau 0, puisque la tension d'entrée est nulle.When contact 1 is open, the signal "f" in output of this unit 10 is at its level 0, since the input voltage is zero.

Le dispositif qui vient d'être décrit présente de nombreux avantages.The device which has just been described has many advantages.

Il permet de réduire le coût de l'électronique de commande du démarreur, puisque les contraintes thermiques sur le transistor 3 et l'enroulement 2 sont réduites.It makes it possible to reduce the cost of the starter control electronics, since the thermal stresses on the transistor 3 and the winding 2 are reduced.

Il en résulte en outre une plus grande facilité d'implantation de l'électronique de commande du démarreur.This also results in greater ease of installation of the starter control electronics.

Par ailleurs, la fiabilité de la commande est améliorée.Furthermore, the reliability of the control is improved.

Claims (10)

Procédé pour la commande d'un contacteur de démarreur de véhicule automobile, ledit contacteur comportant au moins un enroulement (2) et un contact de puissance (1) dont la fermeture permet l'alimentation du démarreur, caractérisé en ce qu'on coupe ou réduit l'alimentation d'appel du ou des enroulements (2) lorsque le contact de puissance (1) est toujours ouvert à l'issue d'un temps prédéterminé par rapport au début de l'alimentation d'appel.Method for controlling a motor vehicle starter contactor, said contactor comprising at least one winding (2) and a power contact (1), the closure of which enables the starter to be supplied, characterized in that one cuts or reduces the call supply of the winding (s) (2) when the power contact (1) is still open after a predetermined time relative to the start of the call supply. Dispositif pour la commande d'un contacteur de démarreur de véhicule automobile, ledit contacteur comportant au moins un enroulement (2) et un contact de puissance (1) dont la fermeture permet l'alimentation du démarreur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens (10) pour détecter l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance (1), ainsi que des moyens (8, 9) pour couper ou réduire l'alimentation d'appel du ou des enroulements (2) lorsque le contact de puissance (1) est toujours ouvert à l'issue d'un temps prédéterminé par rapport au début de l'alimentation d'appel.Device for controlling a starter switch of a motor vehicle, said switch comprising at least one winding (2) and a power contact (1), the closure of which allows the starter to be supplied, characterized in that it comprises means (10) for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact (1), as well as means (8, 9) for cutting or reducing the call supply of the winding (s) (2) when the contact power (1) is always open after a predetermined time from the start of the call supply. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens (5) pour générer un signal de commande du démarrage, notamment lors de la fermeture de la clé de contact (6), un élément (3) pour la régulation du courant d'alimentation du ou des enroulements (2), des moyens (7) pour la commande de cet élément de régulation, ces moyens (7) recevant le signal de commande de démarrage, les moyens pour couper ou réduire l'alimentation d'appel comportant des moyens de temporisation (8) auxquels le signal de commande de démarrage est transmis, ainsi que des moyens décisionnels (9) qui reçoivent en entrée les signaux en sortie d'une part des moyens de temporisation (8) et d'autre part des moyens de détection (10) de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance (1), ces moyens décisionnels (9) émettant en sortie un signal qui indique aux moyens (7) de commande de l'élément de régulation (3) que le contact de puissance (1) est ouvert à l'issue de la temporisation.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises means (5) for generating a start control signal, in particular when the ignition key is closed (6), an element (3) for regulating the supply current of the winding (s) (2), means (7) for controlling this regulating element, these means (7) receiving the start command signal, the means for cutting or reducing the supply of call comprising delay means (8) to which the start control signal is transmitted, as well as decision-making means (9) which receive the input signals as an output on the one hand from the delay means (8) and on the other hand share of means for detecting (10) the open or closed state of the power contact (1), these decision-making means (9) outputting a signal which indicates to the means (7) for controlling the regulating element (3) that the power contact (1) is open at the end of the time delay. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens décisionnels (9) comportent une porte logique (11) dont une entrée reçoit le signal en sortie des moyens de temporisation (8) et dont une autre entrée reçoit un signal correspondant au signal en sortie des moyens de détection (10) de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance, la sortie de ladite porte logique (11) étant reliée à la sortie des moyens (7) de commande de l'élément de régulation (3) par l'intermédiaire d'une diode (12).Device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the decision-making means (9) comprise a logic gate (11), one input of which receives the signal at the output of the delay means (8) and the other of which receives a signal corresponding to the signal in output of the detection means (10) of the open or closed state of the power contact, the output of said logic gate (11) being connected to the output of the means (7) for controlling the regulating element (3) via a diode (12). Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la porte logique (11) est une porte NON ET.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the logic gate (11) is a NAND gate. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième entrée de la porte logique (11) est reliée à une borne d'alimentation par l'intermédiaire de moyens principalement résistifs (R2), ainsi qu'à une extrémité d'un interrupteur (T) dont l'autre extrémité est reliée à la masse et qui est commandé par le signal en sortie des moyens (10) de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance.Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the second input of the logic gate (11) is connected to a supply terminal by means of mainly resistive means (R2), as well as to one end of a switch (T) the other end of which is connected to ground and which is controlled by the signal at the output of the means (10) for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (10) de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance comportent des moyens de lissage (14).Device according to any one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the means (10) for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact comprise smoothing means (14). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (10) de détection de l'état ouvert ou fermé du contact de puissance comportent des moyens pour la mesure de la tension aux bornes du démarreur (D), ou la mesure de l'intensité qui circule dans celui-ci, ou encore la mesure de la vitesse de rotation du démarreur (D) ou du moteur thermique.Device according to any one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the means (10) for detecting the open or closed state of the power contact comprise means for measuring the voltage across the starter (D), or the measurement of the current flowing in it, or the measurement of the speed of rotation of the starter (D) or the combustion engine. Dispositif selon les revendications 6 et 8 prises en combinaison, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détection comportent une diode Zener (13) dont la tension de cathode est le signal qui commande l'interrupteur, la cathode de ladite diode étant reliée à un point entre le contact de puissance (1) et le démarreur (D), son anode étant reliée à la masse.Device according to claims 6 and 8 taken in combination, characterized in that the detection means comprise a Zener diode (13) whose cathode voltage is the signal which controls the switch, the cathode of said diode being connected to a point between the power contact (1) and the starter (D), its anode being connected to ground. Dispositif selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de détection comportent en outre des moyens (R4) principalement résistifs pour la limitation du courant dans ladite diode (13) en cas de surtension.Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the detection means also comprise means (R4) mainly resistive for limiting the current in said diode (13) in the event of overvoltage.
EP97400625A 1996-03-21 1997-03-20 Method and device for controlling a driving contactor for a vehicle starter motor Expired - Lifetime EP0796992B1 (en)

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FR9603509 1996-03-21
FR9603509A FR2746449B1 (en) 1996-03-21 1996-03-21 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A POWER CONTACTOR OF A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER

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JP4613197B2 (en) 2011-01-12
FR2746449B1 (en) 1998-06-12
JP4175677B2 (en) 2008-11-05
JPH1026068A (en) 1998-01-27
EP0796992B1 (en) 2003-01-15
FR2746449A1 (en) 1997-09-26
ES2191155T3 (en) 2003-09-01
DE69718366D1 (en) 2003-02-20
JP2008019872A (en) 2008-01-31
DE69718366T2 (en) 2003-09-04

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