EP0780171A1 - Method for drawing pipes by drawing while monitoring the vibration of the drawing system - Google Patents
Method for drawing pipes by drawing while monitoring the vibration of the drawing system Download PDFInfo
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- EP0780171A1 EP0780171A1 EP96114265A EP96114265A EP0780171A1 EP 0780171 A1 EP0780171 A1 EP 0780171A1 EP 96114265 A EP96114265 A EP 96114265A EP 96114265 A EP96114265 A EP 96114265A EP 0780171 A1 EP0780171 A1 EP 0780171A1
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- die
- machine
- plug
- stopper
- vibrations
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 244000145845 chattering Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/16—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes
- B21C1/22—Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes specially adapted for making tubular articles
Definitions
- preformed tubes are drawn through an annular gap formed on the one hand by a die and on the other hand by a stopper.
- the stopper can be a flying stopper or a stopper connected to a stopper rod (rod stopper).
- the stiffness of the stopper means that the frictional force between the tube and the stopper is in equilibrium with the retention force. If this balance is disturbed by process and / or material and / or lubricant-related influences, so that the relative speed between the tube and the stopper changes periodically, the condition occurs that the stopper is set into resonance vibrations from a certain pulling speed. These are audible from a certain size for the operator of the drawing machine in the form of a "rattling" Resonant vibrations are then a warning sign to the operator that the pulling speed must be reduced in order to restore the relative equilibrium of the plug friction between the pipe and the plug with the retention force.
- the operator's hearing of rattling also depends on his personal skills, in particular his speed of reaction, attitude to the workplace and the respective environmental conditions. This means that in the event of a delayed response by the operator, not only will chatter marks develop, but even a tear, i.e. pipe destruction. The adjustment of the pulling speed is thus based entirely on "hearing the rattling" and changing the pulling speed.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a method for tube drawing in which it is possible with economical outlay, to be able to detect the vibration behavior of the pipe-stopper-die machine causing damage to the pipes or even destruction of the pipes at an early stage in order to then initiate countermeasures in good time.
- the plug vibrating inside a drawn tube is a friction oscillator, in which the Coulomb frictional force has typical discontinuities depending on the sliding speed.
- the plug initially adheres to the inner wall of the pipe and is carried along with the further movement of the pipe until the retaining force of the plug outweighs the static friction.
- This retaining force is the spring force of the plug rod which is firmly connected to the plug, while it results from the geometry of the plug when the plug is flying.
- sliding friction occurs until the restraining force becomes smaller than the adhesive force and the stopper is carried again in the direction of pull. It is a non-linear vibration process.
- the plug would remain in a stationary position at a certain working point.
- the plug friction force between the pipe and the plug would be in equilibrium with the retention force.
- the plug friction between the pipe and the plug results by multiplying the coefficient of friction by the normal force acting perpendicular to the surface of the plug.
- the normal force can be determined from the product of the prevailing mean pressure and the contact area between the pipe and the stopper. As far as the coefficient of friction is concerned, these are comparatively complicated influences that are process, material and lubricant-related.
- Process-related influences are the distribution and the magnitude of the normal stress on the pipe length section adjacent to the stopper as well as the relative speeds and temperatures that occur there.
- Material-related influences are e.g. the surface quality, hardness, tendency of the friction partners to adhere as well as the chemical composition and structure of the materials.
- Lubricant-related influences are the pressure and temperature resistance, the viscosity and the shear strength of a lubricant as well as the chemical and physical reactivity within the tribological systems.
- the coefficient of friction is therefore a function which depends on the relative speed between the plug and the pipe, the respective location in the pipe and the temperature prevailing at the interfaces between the pipe and the plug.
- the normal pressure depends on the strain resistance, the main influencing factors of which are the structure and type of the material, the degree of deformation, the temperature, the strain rate and the stress condition of the pipe as forming parameters.
- the invention proposes to sense the vibrations of the drawing system tube-stopper-matrix machine caused by the drawing process and then the drawing speed and / or the lubrication of the tubes or the stopper in the tube as a function of an experience-related setpoint to automatically regulate the vibration amplitude of at least part of the drawing system of the pipe-plug-die-machine.
- the setpoint is based on the pipe drawing machine or plug characteristics of the entire drawing system and can therefore be calibrated in the form of a possibly adjustable threshold value.
- Lubrication here means in particular the lubrication of the inner tube wall in the area of the stopper. This can be done using a hollow plug rod or a probe threaded into the pipe.
- the drawing speed can be increased automatically. At the same time, the lubrication can also be changed. If, on the other hand, the current vibrations exceed the calibrated setpoint, the drawing speed is reduced in any case. Whether or not it is necessary to change the lubrication depends on the type of knowledge.
- the essential essence of the invention is therefore based on the fact that the optimal output on drawn tubes with maximum utilization of the capacity of the drawing machine is no longer dependent on the personal skills of the respective operator and the prevailing environmental conditions.
- vibrations are ultimately detected, ie directly or indirectly on the stopper or the stopper rod assigned to it or on the die or in the form of parallel vibration detection both on the stopper and on the die or on the machine, depends on the respective local operating conditions , ie on the character of the pipes and in particular the type of drawing machine including the lubricant used.
- the vibrations of the drawing system tube-stopper-die-machine can be detected by means of a structure-borne noise sensor system.
- a structure-borne noise sensor system This can e.g. prove to be expedient to provide the sensor system at the end of a plug rod or on the holder of the plug rod.
- the measurement of structure-borne noise on the holder of a stopper rod provides a signal that is particularly well suited for controlling the drawing speed.
- Interference noise for example from the drive, in particular chain drive, of a drawing machine and the pipe catch arms can also be effective here by purely mechanical measures, such as can be suppressed by rubber dampers and adjustments.
- the invention has recognized that the structure-borne noise sensors accelerate at the location of the sensor, e.g. at the end of a stopper rod, have it measured correctly.
- a conclusion about the amplitude of the plug vibration itself is only possible to a limited extent.
- the invention proposes, according to the features of claim 3, that the vibrations of the drawing system tube-plug-die machine are detected by an inductive sensor system.
- an inductive sensor system can be arranged both behind and in front of a die.
- a measuring coil is also provided there when the sensors are arranged behind the die, and a highly permeable extension is assigned to the stopper.
- the inductive sensor system is arranged in front of the die, the measuring coil is also provided there and a highly permeable mark is arranged on the circumference of the stopper rod.
- the sensor position behind the die has the advantage that the measuring effect is greater because the finished part of the tube has a smaller wall thickness than the blank. In this case, demagnetizing the pipes would be impractical. It would only require an additional coil and its alternating field would be coupled directly into the measuring coil. Therefore, the sensor position in front of the die is advantageous because it may demagnetize enabled behind the die. The reason for this is the fact that the measuring coil and the demagnetizing coil are decoupled by the large steel block of the die.
- the vibrations of the pipe-stopper-die-machine drawing system according to claim 5 can be detected by a piezoelectric or, according to the features of claim 6, by a magnetostrictive sensor system.
- a piezoelectric sensor system With a piezoelectric sensor system, both tensile forces and dynamic changes in tensile force (vibrations) can be recorded and taken into account when calculating the setpoint.
- Magnetostrictive sensors are very robust and well suited for practical use when measuring tensile forces and changes in tensile forces.
- the transmission behavior of a stopper rod allows only a limited conclusion to be drawn about the vibration amplitude of the stopper when measuring at the end of the rod.
- the transmission behavior can be compensated according to claim 7 with the help of digital filters.
- the detection of the stopper vibration and / or the forces acting on the stopper takes place independently of the stopper rod holder, be it fixed, spring-loaded, damped or free and / or disturbing vibrations of the machine periphery additionally coupled in there.
- the digital filters emulate the transmission behavior of the plug rod, which can be determined experimentally using identification methods or a mathematical model.
- the advantage of this embodiment is that, despite measurements at the end of the stopper rod, the vibration amplitude of the stopper can be precisely calculated and a comparison with the setpoint of a controller can be carried out more precisely.
- Interference signals from at least one of the measurement signals obtained in the various measurements can - if necessary - be eliminated according to the invention by adaptive filtering in the course of at least one second measurement in accordance with the proposal of claim 8.
- the advantage of interference signal suppression by adaptive filtering is that the useful signal is free of vibration components the machine periphery and thus a much more precise calculation of the setpoint for the controller setting is possible.
- the invention therefore proposes, according to claim 9, an expert system and the input of the variable variables mentioned above in the form of a learning adaptive control concept using a fuzzy controller.
- the fuzzy controller controls the vibration amplitude of the plug.
- the expert system has the task of specifying a setpoint of the vibration amplitude of the plug and, if necessary. to adapt the rule base of the fuzzy controller.
- the expert system is based on knowledge or experience of previous measurements as well as the input of current system sizes such as the inside and outside diameter of a pipe, the pipe material, the diameter reduction, the question of whether it is a flying or a rod stopper, the type of stopper rod and ultimately the machine type.
- the invention thus allows, in accordance with the features of claim 10, the system parameters influencing the drawing process, such as in particular the dimensions of the pipes, the pipe material, the diameter reduction, the type of lubricant, the machine service life, the state of wear of the plug and die, the plug type and / or the To link the pulling method (via a chain or a rope) using an expert system and a mathematical model and derive the controller solenoid value from this. Only when the system parameters influencing the drawing process are linked by an expert system and a mathematical model is it possible to take these influences into account when determining the controller setpoint.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Beim Rohrziehen werden vorgeformte Rohre jeweils durch einen einerseits aus einer Matrize und andererseits aus einem Stopfen gebildeten Ringspalt gezogen. Beim Stopfen kann es sich um einen fliegenden Stopfen oder um einen mit einer Stopfenstange verbundenen Stopfen (Stangenstopfen) handeln.In tube drawing, preformed tubes are drawn through an annular gap formed on the one hand by a die and on the other hand by a stopper. The stopper can be a flying stopper or a stopper connected to a stopper rod (rod stopper).
Läuft der Ziehvorgang störungsfrei ab, so befindet sich aufgrund der Steifigkeit des Stopfens, insbesondere bei einem Stangenstopfen, die Reibkraft zwischen dem Rohr und dem Stopfen mit der Rückhaltekraft in einem Gleichgewicht. Wird dieses Gleichgewicht durch verfahrens- und/oder werkstoff- und/oder schmierstoffbedingte Einflüsse gestört, so daß sich die Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen dem Rohr und dem Stopfen periodisch ändert, tritt ab einer bestimmten Ziehgeschwindigkeit der Zustand auf, daß der Stopfen in Resonanzschwingungen versetzt wird. Diese ab einer gewissen Größe für den Bedienungsmann der Ziehmaschine in Form eines "Ratterns" hörbaren Resonanzschwingungen sind dann für den Bedienungsmann ein Warnzeichen dafür, die Ziehgeschwindigkeit zurückzunehmen, um das relative Gleichgewicht der Stopfenreibkraft zwischen dem Rohr und dem Stopfen mit der Rückhaltekraft wieder herzustellen.If the drawing process runs smoothly, the stiffness of the stopper, particularly in the case of a rod stopper, means that the frictional force between the tube and the stopper is in equilibrium with the retention force. If this balance is disturbed by process and / or material and / or lubricant-related influences, so that the relative speed between the tube and the stopper changes periodically, the condition occurs that the stopper is set into resonance vibrations from a certain pulling speed. These are audible from a certain size for the operator of the drawing machine in the form of a "rattling" Resonant vibrations are then a warning sign to the operator that the pulling speed must be reduced in order to restore the relative equilibrium of the plug friction between the pipe and the plug with the retention force.
Durch die Verringerung der Ziehgeschwindigkeit kann zwar das Ziehen der nachfolgenden Rohre wieder ratterfrei erfolgen, die mit einem Rattern gezogenen Rohre sind jedoch infolge der dabei entstandenen Rattermarken in der überwiegenden Mehrzahl der Fälle nicht mehr dem vorgesehenen Verwendungszweck zuführbar, so daß sie verschrottet werden müssen.By reducing the drawing speed, the drawing of the following pipes can be done again rattle-free, but the pipes drawn with a chatter are no longer usable for the intended use in the vast majority of cases due to the chatter marks created, so that they have to be scrapped.
Das Hören des Ratterns durch den Bedienungsmann ist außerdem von dessen persönlichen Fähigkeiten, insbesondere seiner Reaktionsschnelligkeit, der Einstellung zum Arbeitsplatz und den jeweiligen Umgebungsbedingungen abhängig. Dies bedeutet, daß es bei einer verspäteten Reaktion des Bedienungsmanns nicht nur zum Entstehen von Rattermarken, sondern daß es sogar zu einem Abriß, d.h. einer Zerstörung von Rohren kommen kann. Die Einstellung der Ziehgeschwindigkeit beruht somit durchweg auf der Basis "Hören des Ratterns" und Änderung der Ziehgeschwindigkeit.The operator's hearing of rattling also depends on his personal skills, in particular his speed of reaction, attitude to the workplace and the respective environmental conditions. This means that in the event of a delayed response by the operator, not only will chatter marks develop, but even a tear, i.e. pipe destruction. The adjustment of the pulling speed is thus based entirely on "hearing the rattling" and changing the pulling speed.
Im Hinblick auf den Sachverhalt, daß meistens eine größere Anzahl gebündelter Rohre nacheinander gezogen wird, wird der Bedienungsmann rein gefühlsmäßig nach dem Auftreten von Rattergeräuschen die dann noch zu ziehenden Rohre des jeweiligen Rohrbündels mit einer deutlich verringerten Ziehgeschwindigkeit ziehen, um das Rattern und die damit verbundenen Folgen zu vermeiden. Diese in Fachkreisen als "Angstzuschlag" bezeichnete Maßnahme führt naturgemäß zu einer deutlichen Minderung an gezogenen Rohren pro Zeiteinheit.In view of the fact that mostly a larger number of bundled tubes are pulled one after the other, the operator will pull the tubes of the respective tube bundle, which are still to be drawn, at a significantly reduced drawing speed after the occurrence of chattering noises, in order to avoid the rattling and the associated Avoid consequences. This measure, referred to as "fear supplement" in specialist circles, naturally leads to a significant reduction in the number of pipes drawn per unit of time.
Das seit langem bekannte Problem des Stopfenratterns ist in zahlreichen Veröffentlichungen beschrieben worden, ohne daß es aber bislang zu wirksamen Problemlösungen kam.The long-known problem of plug chattering has been described in numerous publications, but so far there have been no effective problem solutions.
P. Kelly hat z.B. in der Zeitschrift "Tube International", March 1986, Seiten 39 bis 43 unter "Dampers on fixed plug vibration" versucht, das Schwingungssystem durch Dämpfer am Ende einer Stopfenstange in einen stabileren Zustand zu versetzen. Das Auftreten des Ratterns konnte hierdurch vermindert werden.P. Kelly has e.g. in the magazine "Tube International", March 1986, pages 39 to 43 under "Dampers on fixed plug vibration" tries to bring the vibration system into a more stable state by means of dampers at the end of a plug rod. The occurrence of chattering was thereby reduced.
L. Lianshi und L. Xiaoping induzierten definierte Schwingungen in der Umformzone ("Tube International" Band 13 (1994) Heft 58, Seite 43 bis 46 "Tube drawing with ultrasonic vibration by mean of the magnetostrictive transducer"). Diese eingeprägte Schwingung verhinderte ein starkes und zur Schädigung führendes Aufklingen der Schwingungsamplitude eines Stopfens. Die außerordentlich hohen Kosten einer solchen Methode verhinderten indessen das Umsetzen in die Praxis.L. Lianshi and L. Xiaoping induced defined vibrations in the forming zone ("Tube International" Volume 13 (1994) Issue 58, pages 43 to 46 "Tube drawing with ultrasonic vibration by mean of the magnetostrictive transducer"). This impressed vibration prevented the vibration amplitude of a stopper from declining strongly and causing damage. However, the extremely high cost of such a method prevented it from being put into practice.
Neuere Modellbildungsansätze stützen sich auf die Finite-Elemente-Methode und analysieren Spannungszustände sowie die in der Fließzone auftretenden Drücke (u.a. Dissertation von Xia-Ping-Liu Mai 1961 an der Technischen Universität Clausthal mit der Arbeit "Untersuchung des Formänderungs- und Spannungszustandes beim Rohrziehen mit der Finite-Elemente-Methode").More recent model building approaches are based on the finite element method and analyze stress states and the pressures occurring in the flow zone (including dissertation by Xia-Ping-Liu May 1961 at the Clausthal University of Technology with the work "Investigation of the state of deformation and stress during tube drawing the finite element method ").
Insgesamt ist jedoch festzustellen, daß alle bislang bekannten Methoden die Praxis nicht befriedigt haben.Overall, however, it can be said that all the methods known to date have not satisfied the practice.
Der Erfindung liegt ausgehend vom Stand der Technik die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Rohrziehen zu schaffen, bei dem es mit wirtschaftlichem Aufwand möglich ist, das zu Schäden an den Rohren bzw. sogar zu einer Zerstörung der Rohre führende Schwingungsverhalten des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine frühzeitig detektieren zu können, um dann rechtzeitig Gegenmaßnahmen einzuleiten.On the basis of the prior art, the invention is based on the object of creating a method for tube drawing in which it is possible with economical outlay, to be able to detect the vibration behavior of the pipe-stopper-die machine causing damage to the pipes or even destruction of the pipes at an early stage in order to then initiate countermeasures in good time.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird in den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gesehen.The solution to this problem is seen in the features of claim 1.
Die Erfindung macht sich hierbei die Erkenntnisse zunutze, die bislang bei der Untersuchung des Problems "Stopfenrattern" gewonnen wurden. Im Prinzip handelt es sich bei dem im Inneren eines gezogenen Rohrs schwingenden Stopfen um einen Reibschwinger, bei dem die Coulombsche Reibungskraft in Abhängigkeit von der Gleitgeschwindigkeit typische Unstetigkeiten aufweist. Der Stopfen haftet zunächst an der Innenwand des Rohrs und wird bei der weiteren Bewegung des Rohrs so lange mitgeführt, bis die Rückhaltekraft des Stopfens die Haftreibung überwiegt. Diese Rückhaltekraft ist beim Stangenstopfen die Federkraft der mit diesem fest verbundenen Stopfenstange, während sie sich beim fliegenden Stopfen aus der Geometrie des Stopfens ergibt. Bei der anschließenden Relativbewegung des Stopfens gegenüber der Innenwand des Rohrs tritt eine Gleitreibung auf und zwar so lange, bis die Rückhaltekraft wieder kleiner wird als die Haftkraft und der Stopfen erneut in Ziehrichtung mitgeführt wird. Es handelt sich um einen nichtlinearen Schwingungsvorgang.The invention takes advantage of the knowledge gained so far in the investigation of the "plug chatter" problem. In principle, the plug vibrating inside a drawn tube is a friction oscillator, in which the Coulomb frictional force has typical discontinuities depending on the sliding speed. The plug initially adheres to the inner wall of the pipe and is carried along with the further movement of the pipe until the retaining force of the plug outweighs the static friction. This retaining force is the spring force of the plug rod which is firmly connected to the plug, while it results from the geometry of the plug when the plug is flying. During the subsequent relative movement of the stopper relative to the inner wall of the tube, sliding friction occurs until the restraining force becomes smaller than the adhesive force and the stopper is carried again in the direction of pull. It is a non-linear vibration process.
Betrachtet man in diesem Zusammenhang das Rohrziehen bei einer konstanten Ziehgeschwindigkeit und einer konstanten Reibkraft, so würde der Stopfen in einem bestimmten Arbeitspunkt in einer stationären Position verharren. Dabei wäre die Stopfenreibkraft zwischen dem Rohr und dem Stopfen mit der Rückhaltekraft im Gleichgewicht. Die Stopfenreibkraft zwischen dem Rohr und dem Stopfen ergibt sich durch eine Multiplikation des Reibungskoeffizienten mit der Normalkraft, die senkrecht auf die Stopfenoberfläche wirkt. In diesem Zusammenhang läßt sich die Normalkraft aus dem Produkt des jeweils vorherrschenden mittleren Drucks sowie der Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Rohr und dem Stopfen ermitteln. Was den Reibungskoeffizienten betrifft, so handelt es sich hierbei um vergleichsweise komplizierte Einflüsse, die verfahrens-, werkstoff- und schmierstoffbedingt sind.If one considers pipe drawing at a constant drawing speed and a constant friction force, the plug would remain in a stationary position at a certain working point. The plug friction force between the pipe and the plug would be in equilibrium with the retention force. The plug friction between the pipe and the plug results by multiplying the coefficient of friction by the normal force acting perpendicular to the surface of the plug. In this context, the normal force can be determined from the product of the prevailing mean pressure and the contact area between the pipe and the stopper. As far as the coefficient of friction is concerned, these are comparatively complicated influences that are process, material and lubricant-related.
Verfahrensbedingte Einflüsse sind die Verteilung und die Größe der Normalspannung auf dem am Stopfen anliegenden Rohrlängenabschnitt sowie die dort auftretenden Relativgeschwindigkeiten und Temperaturen. Werkstoffbedingte Einflüsse sind z.B. die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit, die Härte, die Adhäsionsneigung der Reibpartner sowie die chemische Zusammensetzung und die Gefüge der Werkstoffe. Schmierstoffbedingte Einflüsse sind die Druck- und Temperaturbeständigkeit, die Viskosität und die Scherfestigkeit eines Schmierstoffs sowie das chemische und physikalische Reaktionsvermögen innerhalb der tribologischen Systeme.Process-related influences are the distribution and the magnitude of the normal stress on the pipe length section adjacent to the stopper as well as the relative speeds and temperatures that occur there. Material-related influences are e.g. the surface quality, hardness, tendency of the friction partners to adhere as well as the chemical composition and structure of the materials. Lubricant-related influences are the pressure and temperature resistance, the viscosity and the shear strength of a lubricant as well as the chemical and physical reactivity within the tribological systems.
Mithin ergibt sich der Reibungskoeffizient als Funktion, die von der Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen dem Stopfen und dem Rohr, dem jeweiligen Ort in dem Rohr und der an den Grenzflächen zwischen dem Rohr und dem Stopfen herrschenden Temperatur abhängt.The coefficient of friction is therefore a function which depends on the relative speed between the plug and the pipe, the respective location in the pipe and the temperature prevailing at the interfaces between the pipe and the plug.
Der Normaldruck wiederum ist abhängig von der Formänderungsfestigkeit, deren Haupteinflußgrößen die Struktur und Art des Werkstoffs, der Umformgrad, die Umformtemperatur, die Formänderungsgeschwindigkeit sowie der Spannungszustand des Rohres als Umformparameter sind.The normal pressure, in turn, depends on the strain resistance, the main influencing factors of which are the structure and type of the material, the degree of deformation, the temperature, the strain rate and the stress condition of the pipe as forming parameters.
Aufbauend auf diesen Erkenntnissen schlägt die Erfindung vor, die durch den Ziehvorgang bedingten Schwingungen des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine sensorisch zu erfassen und dann die Ziehgeschwindigkeit und/oder die Schmierung der Rohre bzw. des Stopfens im Rohr in Abhängigkeit von einem erfahrungsbedingten Sollwert der Schwingungsamplitude zumindest eines Teils des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine automatisch zu regeln. Der Sollwert basiert dabei auf den Rohrziehmaschinen - oder Stopfencharakteristiken des gesamten Ziehsystems und kann folglich in Form eines ggf. regelbaren Schwellwerts kalibriert werden.Based on these findings, the invention proposes to sense the vibrations of the drawing system tube-stopper-matrix machine caused by the drawing process and then the drawing speed and / or the lubrication of the tubes or the stopper in the tube as a function of an experience-related setpoint to automatically regulate the vibration amplitude of at least part of the drawing system of the pipe-plug-die-machine. The setpoint is based on the pipe drawing machine or plug characteristics of the entire drawing system and can therefore be calibrated in the form of a possibly adjustable threshold value.
Unter Schmierung ist hier insbesondere die Schmierung der Rohrinnenwand im Bereich des Stopfens zu verstehen. Diese kann über eine hohle Stopfenstange oder eine in das Rohr eingefädelte Sonde erfolgen.Lubrication here means in particular the lubrication of the inner tube wall in the area of the stopper. This can be done using a hollow plug rod or a probe threaded into the pipe.
Stellt nun die Sensorik fest, daß die momentanen Schwingungen beim Ziehvorgang unterhalb des Sollwerts liegen, so kann automatisch die Ziehgeschwindigkeit erhöht werden. Gleichzeitig kann auch noch die Schmierung verändert werden. Übersteigen hingegen die momentanen Schwingungen den kalibrierten Sollwert, so wird auf jeden Fall die Ziehgeschwindigkeit gesenkt. Ob es hierbei auch notwendig ist, die Schmierung zu ändern, hängt vom jeweiligen Erkenntnisfall ab.If the sensor system detects that the momentary vibrations during the drawing process are below the target value, the drawing speed can be increased automatically. At the same time, the lubrication can also be changed. If, on the other hand, the current vibrations exceed the calibrated setpoint, the drawing speed is reduced in any case. Whether or not it is necessary to change the lubrication depends on the type of knowledge.
Der wesentliche Kern der Erfindung beruht folglich darauf, daß das optimale Ausbringen an gezogenen Rohren bei maximaler Kapazitätsausnutzung der Ziehmaschine nicht mehr von den persönlichen Fähigkeiten des jeweiligen Bedienungsmanns und den herrschenden Umgebungsbedingungen abhängig ist. Durch das frühzeitige Detektieren des Schwingungsverhaltens des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine kann bereits die Entstehungsphase des gefürchteten Ratterns erkannt werden, so daß erst gar keine Rohre mit Rattermarken gezogen werden. Die Qualität der gezogenen Rohre wird somit bei erhöhter Ziehleistung wesentlich verbessert.The essential essence of the invention is therefore based on the fact that the optimal output on drawn tubes with maximum utilization of the capacity of the drawing machine is no longer dependent on the personal skills of the respective operator and the prevailing environmental conditions. By early detection of the vibration behavior of the pipe-stopper-die-machine drawing system, the development phase of the dreaded chattering can be recognized, so that no pipes with chatter marks are drawn. The quality of the drawn pipes is thus significantly improved with increased drawing performance.
Wo letztlich die Schwingungen detektiert werden, d.h unmittelbar oder mittelbar am Stopfen bzw. der diesem zugeordneten Stopfenstange oder an der Matrize bzw. in Form einer parallelen Schwingungsdetektion sowohl am Stopfen als auch an der Matrize bzw. an der Maschine ist von den jeweiligen örtlichen Einsatzbedingungen abhängig, d.h. von dem Charakter der Rohre sowie insbesondere dem Typ der Ziehmaschine einschließlich des eingesetzten Schmiermittels.Where the vibrations are ultimately detected, ie directly or indirectly on the stopper or the stopper rod assigned to it or on the die or in the form of parallel vibration detection both on the stopper and on the die or on the machine, depends on the respective local operating conditions , ie on the character of the pipes and in particular the type of drawing machine including the lubricant used.
In Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Grundgedankens können entsprechend Anspruch 2 die Schwingungen des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine mittels einer Körperschallsensorik erfaßt werden. Hierbei kann es sich z.B. als zweckmäßig erweisen, die Sensorik am Ende einer Stopfenstange bzw. an der Halterung der Stopfenstange vorzusehen. Die Messung des Körperschalls an der Halterung einer Stopfenstange liefert ein Signal, das sich zur Regelung der Ziehgeschwindigkeit besonders gut eignet. Hierbei können auch Störgeräusche, beispielsweise durch den Antrieb, insbesondere Kettenantrieb, einer Ziehmaschine und die Rohrauffangarme wirksam durch rein mechanische Maßnahmen, wie z.B. durch Gummidämpfer und Justierungen unterdrückt werden. Bei Einsatz eines fliegenden Stopfens kann es hingegen zweckmäßig sein, die Schwingungsmessungen direkt an der Matrize bzw. ihrer Halterung durchzuführen.In a further development of the basic idea according to the invention, the vibrations of the drawing system tube-stopper-die-machine can be detected by means of a structure-borne noise sensor system. This can e.g. prove to be expedient to provide the sensor system at the end of a plug rod or on the holder of the plug rod. The measurement of structure-borne noise on the holder of a stopper rod provides a signal that is particularly well suited for controlling the drawing speed. Interference noise, for example from the drive, in particular chain drive, of a drawing machine and the pipe catch arms can also be effective here by purely mechanical measures, such as can be suppressed by rubber dampers and adjustments. When using a flying plug, on the other hand, it may be expedient to carry out the vibration measurements directly on the die or its holder.
Aus anderen Untersuchungen (Literaturstelle: Barschdorff, D.; Ester, S.; Most, E.; Dorsel, T.: Neue Ansätze in der Herzauskulation durch ein "intelligentes" Stethoskop. In: CorVas, Miranda Communications GmbH 1992, Vol. 6, No. 1 (1992), Jan., pp.23-39) ist bekannt, daß der Signal-Störabstand gestörter Meßsignale bei getrennter Messung des Störanteils durch eine geeignete Sensorik und ein Adaptivfilterverfahren wesentlich verbessert werden kann. Diese Vorgehensweise führt zu einer wesentlich verbesserten Qualität der Meßsignale, die Schwellwertberechnung kann effizienter durchgeführt werden.From other studies (Literature: Barschdorff, D .; Ester, S .; Most, E .; Dorsel, T .: New Approaches in Heart Extraction Using an "Intelligent" Stethoscope. In: CorVas, Miranda Communications GmbH 1992, Vol. 6, No. 1 (1992), Jan., pp.23-39) it is known that the signal-to-noise ratio of disturbed measurement signals can be significantly improved by suitable sensor technology and an adaptive filter method if the interference component is measured separately. This procedure leads to a significantly improved quality of the measurement signals, the threshold value calculation can be carried out more efficiently.
Die Erfindung hat erkannt, daß sich mit der Körperschallsensorik Beschleunigungen am Ort des Sensors, also z.B. am Ende einer Stopfenstange, einwandfrei messen lassen. Allerdings ist ein Rückschluß auf die Amplitude der Stopfenschwingung selbst nur bedingt möglich. Infolgedessen schlägt die Erfindung gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 3 vor, daß die Schwingungen des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine durch eine induktive Sensorik erfaßt werden. In diesem Zusammenhang kann eine induktive Sensorik sowohl hinter als auch vor einer Matrize angeordnet werden. Dazu wird bei einer Anordnung der Sensorik hinter der Matrize auch dort eine Meßspule vorgesehen und dem Stopfen wird eine hochpermeable Verlängerung zugeordnet. Bei der Anordnung der induktiven Sensorik vor der Matrize wird auch die Meßspule dort vorgesehen und umfangsseitig der Stopfenstange eine hochpermeable Marke angeordnet. Zusätzlich ist es erforderlich, hinter der Matrize eine Spule zur Entmagnetisierung vorzusehen.The invention has recognized that the structure-borne noise sensors accelerate at the location of the sensor, e.g. at the end of a stopper rod, have it measured correctly. However, a conclusion about the amplitude of the plug vibration itself is only possible to a limited extent. As a result, the invention proposes, according to the features of claim 3, that the vibrations of the drawing system tube-plug-die machine are detected by an inductive sensor system. In this context, an inductive sensor system can be arranged both behind and in front of a die. For this purpose, a measuring coil is also provided there when the sensors are arranged behind the die, and a highly permeable extension is assigned to the stopper. When the inductive sensor system is arranged in front of the die, the measuring coil is also provided there and a highly permeable mark is arranged on the circumference of the stopper rod. In addition, it is necessary to provide a coil for demagnetization behind the die.
Die Sensorposition hinter der Matrize hat den Vorteil, daß der Meßeffekt größer ist, weil der fertig gezogene Teil des Rohrs eine geringere Wandstärke hat als der Rohling. Eine Entmagnetisierung der Rohre wäre in diesem Fall unpraktikabel. Sie würde nur eine zusätzliche Spule erfordern und ihr Wechselfeld würde direkt in die Meßspule eingekoppelt. Daher ist die Sensorposition vor der Matrize vorteilhaft, weil sie ggf. eine Entmagnetisierung hinter der Matrize ermöglicht. Grund hierfür ist der Sachverhalt, daß eine Entkopplung von Meßspule und Entmagnetisierungsspule durch den großen Stahlblock der Matrize gegeben ist.The sensor position behind the die has the advantage that the measuring effect is greater because the finished part of the tube has a smaller wall thickness than the blank. In this case, demagnetizing the pipes would be impractical. It would only require an additional coil and its alternating field would be coupled directly into the measuring coil. Therefore, the sensor position in front of the die is advantageous because it may demagnetize enabled behind the die. The reason for this is the fact that the measuring coil and the demagnetizing coil are decoupled by the large steel block of the die.
Da sich die magnetischen Eigenschaften des Stahls durch eine Verformung völlig ändern, kann es in bestimmten Einsatzfällen durchaus möglich sein, daß der Stahl den durch den Sensor erzeugten remanenten Magnetismus wieder verliert und sich die Entmagnetisierung erübrigt.Since the magnetic properties of the steel change completely as a result of deformation, it may well be possible in certain applications that the steel loses the remanent magnetism generated by the sensor and the demagnetization is unnecessary.
Entsprechend den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 4 ist es ferner möglich, die Schwingungen des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine durch wenigstens einen Dehnungsmeßstreifen zu erfassen. Eine derartige Sensorik kann sowohl am Ende der Stopfenstange als auch an deren Halterung vorgesehen werden.According to the features of claim 4, it is also possible to detect the vibrations of the tube-stopper-die-machine drawing system by means of at least one strain gauge. Such a sensor system can be provided both at the end of the stopper rod and on its holder.
Darüber hinaus liegt es im Rahmen der Erfindung, daß die Schwingungen des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine gemäß Anspruch 5 durch eine piezo-elektrische oder entsprechend den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 6 durch eine magnetostriktive Sensorik erfaßt werden können. Mit einer piezo-elektrischen Sensorik können sowohl Zugkräfte als auch dynamische Zugkraftänderungen (Schwingungen) erfaßt und bei der Sollwertberechnung berücksichtigt werden. Magnetostriktive Sensoren sind sehr robust und für den praktischen Einsatz bei der Messung von Zugkräften sowie Zugkraftänderungen gut geeignet.In addition, it is within the scope of the invention that the vibrations of the pipe-stopper-die-machine drawing system according to claim 5 can be detected by a piezoelectric or, according to the features of claim 6, by a magnetostrictive sensor system. With a piezoelectric sensor system, both tensile forces and dynamic changes in tensile force (vibrations) can be recorded and taken into account when calculating the setpoint. Magnetostrictive sensors are very robust and well suited for practical use when measuring tensile forces and changes in tensile forces.
Welche Sensorik jeweils zum Einsatz gelangt, hängt überwiegend von den örtlichen Bedingungen im Umfeld des Ziehsystems Rohr-Stopfen-Matrize-Maschine ab.Which sensors are used mainly depends on the local conditions in the vicinity of the pipe-stopper-die-machine drawing system.
Vorstellbar ist es ferner, daß die sensorischen Erfassungen gemäß den Varianten der Ansprüche 2 bis 6 gegebenenfalls kombinativ angewandt werden. Insbesondere können jeweils zwei der erwähnten Verfahren gemeinsam benutzt und auf diese Weise die Stopfenauslenkung und/oder die am Stopfen wirksamen Kräfte unabhängig von der Stopfenstangenhalterung (fest, gefedert, gedämpft, frei) ermittelt werden.It is also conceivable that the sensory detections according to the variants of claims 2 to 6, if necessary can be used in combination. In particular, two of the methods mentioned can be used together and in this way the plug deflection and / or the forces acting on the plug can be determined independently of the plug rod holder (fixed, spring-loaded, damped, free).
Das Übertragungsverhalten einer Stopfenstange läßt nur bedingt einen Rückschluß auf die Schwingungsamplitude des Stopfens bei Messungen am Stangenende zu. Durch eine kombinierte Kraft- und Schwingweg- oder Schwinggeschwindigkeits- oder Schwingbeschleunigungsmessung kann das Übertragungsverhalten entsprechend Anspruch 7 mit Hilfe digitaler Filter kompensiert werden. Die Erfassung der Stopfenschwingung und/oder der am Stopfen wirksamen Kräfte erfolgt hierbei unabhängig von der Stopfenstangenhalterung, sei sie nun fest, gefedert, gedämpft oder frei und/oder dort zusätzlich eingekoppelter störender Schwingungen der Maschinenperipherie. Die digitalen Filter bilden das Übertragungsverhalten der Stopfenstange nach, das sich experimentell über Identifikationsverfahren oder über ein mathematisches Modell bestimmen läßt.The transmission behavior of a stopper rod allows only a limited conclusion to be drawn about the vibration amplitude of the stopper when measuring at the end of the rod. Through a combined force and vibration path or vibration speed or vibration acceleration measurement, the transmission behavior can be compensated according to claim 7 with the help of digital filters. The detection of the stopper vibration and / or the forces acting on the stopper takes place independently of the stopper rod holder, be it fixed, spring-loaded, damped or free and / or disturbing vibrations of the machine periphery additionally coupled in there. The digital filters emulate the transmission behavior of the plug rod, which can be determined experimentally using identification methods or a mathematical model.
Der Vorteil dieser Ausführungsform besteht darin, daß trotz Messungen am Ende der Stopfenstange die Schwingungsamplitude des Stopfens genau berechnet und ein Vergleich mit dem Sollwert eines Reglers exakter durchgeführt werden kann.The advantage of this embodiment is that, despite measurements at the end of the stopper rod, the vibration amplitude of the stopper can be precisely calculated and a comparison with the setpoint of a controller can be carried out more precisely.
Störsignale aus mindestens einem der bei den diversen Messungen gewonnenen Meßsignale können - sofern notwendig - erfindungsgemäß im Zuge mindestens einer zweiten Messung entsprechend dem Vorschlag des Anspruchs 8 durch eine Adaptivfilterung eliminiert werden. Der Vorteil der Störsignalunterdrückung durch eine Adaptivfilterung besteht darin, daß das Nutzsignal frei von Schwingungsanteilen der Maschinenperipherie ist und damit eine wesentlich genauere Berechnung des Sollwerts für die Reglereinstellung möglich wird.Interference signals from at least one of the measurement signals obtained in the various measurements can - if necessary - be eliminated according to the invention by adaptive filtering in the course of at least one second measurement in accordance with the proposal of claim 8. The advantage of interference signal suppression by adaptive filtering is that the useful signal is free of vibration components the machine periphery and thus a much more precise calculation of the setpoint for the controller setting is possible.
Interne Versuche haben gezeigt, daß die Schwingungscharakteristik eines Stopfens von variablen Größen wie Innen- und Außendurchmesser eines Rohrs, Rohrmaterial, Reduzierung des Durchmessers, fliegender Stopfen oder Stangenstopfen, Stopfenstange und Ziehmaschine stark abhängig ist. Somit erscheint ein feststehendes Regelungskonzept mit fest vorgegebenem Sollwert für die Schwingungsamplitude des Stopfens nicht wünschenswert. Die Erfindung schlägt deshalb gemäß Anspruch 9 ein Expertensystem und die Eingabe der vorstehend genannten variablen Größen in Form eines lernenden adaptiven Regelungskonzepts unter Einsatz eines Fuzzy-Reglers vor. Hierbei ist die interne Regelung der Ziehgeschwindigkeit gegeben. Eine übergeordnete Regelung der Schwingungsamplitude des Stopfens erfolgt über den Fuzzy-Regler. Der Vorteil besteht in einer ständigen Kontrolle der Ziehgeschwindigkeit. Ein plötzlicher und somit evtl. maschinenschädigender abrupter Reglereingriff wird vermieden.Internal tests have shown that the vibration characteristic of a plug is strongly dependent on variable sizes such as the inside and outside diameter of a pipe, pipe material, diameter reduction, flying plug or rod plug, plug rod and drawing machine. Thus, a fixed control concept with a fixed setpoint for the vibration amplitude of the plug does not seem desirable. The invention therefore proposes, according to claim 9, an expert system and the input of the variable variables mentioned above in the form of a learning adaptive control concept using a fuzzy controller. Here the internal regulation of the drawing speed is given. The fuzzy controller controls the vibration amplitude of the plug. The advantage is a constant control of the drawing speed. A sudden and thus possibly machine-damaging abrupt control intervention is avoided.
Mit Hilfe eines Fuzzy-Reglers können bekanntlich mathematisch unzureichend beschreibbare Systeme geregelt werden. Im konkreten Fall wird die Schwingungsamplitude durch linguistische Variable beschrieben (Fuzzyfizierung) und mit Hilfe einer Regelbasis eine verbale Beschreibung der Ziehgeschwindigkeit erstellt. Durch eine Defuzzyfizierung erhält man wieder einen konkreten Zahlenwert, der dann als Sollwert der internen Geschwindigkeitsregelung zugeführt wird.With the aid of a fuzzy controller, it is known that systems that cannot be mathematically described adequately can be controlled. In the specific case, the vibration amplitude is described by linguistic variables (fuzzification) and a verbal description of the drawing speed is created using a rule base. Defuzzification provides a specific numerical value which is then fed to the internal speed control as a setpoint.
Das Expertensystem hat die Aufgabe, eine Sollgröße der Schwingungsamplitude des Stopfens vorzugeben und ggfls. die Regelbasis des Fuzzy-Reglers zu adaptieren. Das Expertensystem stützt sich hierbei auf Kenntnisse bzw. Erfahrungen vorangegangener Messungen sowie auf die Eingabe aktueller Systemgrößen wie den Innen- und Außendurchmesser eines Rohrs, das Rohrmaterial, die Durchmesserreduzierung, die Frage, ob es sich um einen fliegenden oder einen Stangenstopfen handelt, den Typ der Stopfenstange und letztlich den Maschinentyp.The expert system has the task of specifying a setpoint of the vibration amplitude of the plug and, if necessary. to adapt the rule base of the fuzzy controller. The expert system is based on knowledge or experience of previous measurements as well as the input of current system sizes such as the inside and outside diameter of a pipe, the pipe material, the diameter reduction, the question of whether it is a flying or a rod stopper, the type of stopper rod and ultimately the machine type.
Damit erlaubt es die Erfindung, entsprechend den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 10 die den Ziehvorgang beeinflussenden Systemparameter, wie insbesondere die Abmessungen der Rohre, das Rohrmaterial, die Durchmesserreduzierung, die Schmiermittelart, die Maschinennutzungsdauer, den Verschleißzustand von Stopfen und Matrize, den Stopfentyp und/oder die Ziehmethode (über eine Kette oder ein Seil) durch ein Expertensystem sowie ein mathematisches Modell zu verknüpfen und daraus den Reglersoliwert abzuleiten. Erst durch die Verknüpfung der den Ziehvorgang beeinflussenden Systemparameter durch ein Expertensystem sowie ein mathematisches Modell wird es möglich, diese Einflüsse beim Festlegen des Reglersollwerts zu berücksichtigen.The invention thus allows, in accordance with the features of claim 10, the system parameters influencing the drawing process, such as in particular the dimensions of the pipes, the pipe material, the diameter reduction, the type of lubricant, the machine service life, the state of wear of the plug and die, the plug type and / or the To link the pulling method (via a chain or a rope) using an expert system and a mathematical model and derive the controller solenoid value from this. Only when the system parameters influencing the drawing process are linked by an expert system and a mathematical model is it possible to take these influences into account when determining the controller setpoint.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL96317508A PL180777B1 (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1996-12-16 | Pipe drawing method |
| SK1631-96A SK282481B6 (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1996-12-18 | Method for pipe drawing |
| CZ19963746A CZ290523B6 (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1996-12-18 | Tube drawing process |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19547518 | 1995-12-20 | ||
| DE19547518A DE19547518C1 (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1995-12-20 | Controlling a tube drawing process using flying mandrel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0780171A1 true EP0780171A1 (en) | 1997-06-25 |
| EP0780171B1 EP0780171B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
Family
ID=7780614
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96114265A Expired - Lifetime EP0780171B1 (en) | 1995-12-20 | 1996-09-06 | Method for drawing pipes by drawing while monitoring the vibration of the drawing system |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0780171B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE175908T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19547518C1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2126972T3 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006007853A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-30 | Bl Chemie Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pulling method for forming e.g. plug, from metallic material, involves oscillatingly moving workpice and/or draw tool around axis that runs transverse to pulling direction while pulling workpiece |
| DE102020108425A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Sms Group Gmbh | Drawing machine, drawing process and mandrel |
| DE102022001052A1 (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | QASS GmbH Qualität Automation Systeme Software | Method and device for producing pipes, wires, profiles and similar long material |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0263606A (en) * | 1988-08-29 | 1990-03-02 | Akira Ozawa | Device for inserting plug for drawing device |
| JPH0299216A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-11 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Drawing method for metallic tube or wire |
| JPH03124311A (en) * | 1989-10-03 | 1991-05-27 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and device for preventing self-excited vibration of mandrel |
-
1995
- 1995-12-20 DE DE19547518A patent/DE19547518C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-09-06 DE DE59601181T patent/DE59601181D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-09-06 AT AT96114265T patent/ATE175908T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-06 ES ES96114265T patent/ES2126972T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-06 EP EP96114265A patent/EP0780171B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0263606A (en) * | 1988-08-29 | 1990-03-02 | Akira Ozawa | Device for inserting plug for drawing device |
| JPH0299216A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1990-04-11 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Drawing method for metallic tube or wire |
| JPH03124311A (en) * | 1989-10-03 | 1991-05-27 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and device for preventing self-excited vibration of mandrel |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 237 (M - 976) 21 May 1990 (1990-05-21) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 305 (M - 0992) 29 June 1990 (1990-06-29) * |
| PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 15, no. 325 (M - 1148) 19 August 1991 (1991-08-19) * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006007853A1 (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2007-08-30 | Bl Chemie Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pulling method for forming e.g. plug, from metallic material, involves oscillatingly moving workpice and/or draw tool around axis that runs transverse to pulling direction while pulling workpiece |
| DE102020108425A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Sms Group Gmbh | Drawing machine, drawing process and mandrel |
| WO2021190710A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 | 2021-09-30 | Sms Group Gmbh | Drawing machine, drawing method and drawing mandrel |
| AT525829B1 (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2023-09-15 | Sms Group Gmbh | Drawing machine, drawing process and drawing mandrel |
| DE102022001052A1 (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | QASS GmbH Qualität Automation Systeme Software | Method and device for producing pipes, wires, profiles and similar long material |
| WO2023180586A1 (en) | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | Qass Gmbh | Method and device for producing tubes, wires, profiles and similar elongate material by means of a drawing device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59601181D1 (en) | 1999-03-04 |
| ATE175908T1 (en) | 1999-02-15 |
| DE19547518C1 (en) | 1997-04-24 |
| EP0780171B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
| ES2126972T3 (en) | 1999-04-01 |
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