EP0779907A1 - Biologisch abbaubarer polyester und werkstoff daraus - Google Patents
Biologisch abbaubarer polyester und werkstoff darausInfo
- Publication number
- EP0779907A1 EP0779907A1 EP95944721A EP95944721A EP0779907A1 EP 0779907 A1 EP0779907 A1 EP 0779907A1 EP 95944721 A EP95944721 A EP 95944721A EP 95944721 A EP95944721 A EP 95944721A EP 0779907 A1 EP0779907 A1 EP 0779907A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polyester
- acid
- mol
- aliphatic
- aromatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229920000229 biodegradable polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000004622 biodegradable polyester Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- -1 aliphatic polyol Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 63
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-2,3-diol Chemical compound CC(O)C(C)O OWBTYPJTUOEWEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 30
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 13
- YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N zafuleptine Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCC(C(C)C)NCC1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YZYKBQUWMPUVEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920000331 Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005015 poly(hydroxybutyrate) Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- AXKZIDYFAMKWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dioxacyclododecane-7,12-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC(=O)OCCCCO1 AXKZIDYFAMKWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCOCC DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- PAALZGOZEUHCET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxecane-5,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC(=O)OCCO1 PAALZGOZEUHCET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCJOJDCARQUANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dioxacyclopentadecane-6,15-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCO1 YCJOJDCARQUANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUOPYOGQBUMALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-dioxacycloundecane-6,11-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC(=O)OCCCO1 BUOPYOGQBUMALK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007073 chemical hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-ethoxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)OCC WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004507 Abies alba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000191291 Abies alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000612703 Augusta Species 0.000 description 1
- GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chamazulene Chemical group CCC1=CC=C(C)C2=CC=C(C)C2=C1 GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUHLLCSMYZUIFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;terephthalic acid Chemical compound C=C.C=C.C=C.C=C.OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 RUHLLCSMYZUIFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006280 packaging film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000903 polyhydroxyalkanoate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009466 skin packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013618 yogurt Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
- C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
- C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
- C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
Definitions
- the invention relates to biodegradable polyesters (in particular in the form of a material or material) and materials made from the polyester.
- Polyesters are part of the state of the art.
- EP-A-0 007 445 describes a mixed polyester based on 1,4-butanediol and terephthalic acid, 10 to 30 mol% of the terephthalic acid being a mixture of 20 to 80 mol% of adipic acid, 10 up to 60 mol% glutaric acid and 10 to 40 mol% succinic acid are replaced and the percentages add up to 100.
- These known mixed polyesters are intended for the production of molded parts by injection molding or extrusion.
- EP-A-0 028 687 also describes copolyesters composed of 40 to 85 mol% terephthalic acid (which can be replaced up to 50% by other dicarboxylic acids, for example sebacic acid), 60 to 15 mol% adipic acid and C 2 _g- Alkane diols such as butylene glycol. These known copolyesters are in the form of hot-melt adhesives or powder coating agents provided so that the question of their biodegradability does not arise. For the production and use of these known copolyesters, EP-A-0 028 687 refers to much older prior art.
- polymeric materials can undergo biodegradation.
- Mainly materials that are obtained directly or after modification from naturally occurring polymers are to be mentioned here, for example polyhydroxyalkanoates, such as polyhydroxybutyrate, plastic celluloses, cellulose esters, plastic starches, chitosan and pullulan.
- polyhydroxyalkanoates such as polyhydroxybutyrate
- plastic celluloses such as polyhydroxybutyrate
- plastic starches such as polyhydroxybutyrate
- chitosan and pullulan a targeted variation of the polymer composition or the structure, as is desirable on the part of the polymer application, is difficult and often only possible to a very limited extent due to the natural synthesis process.
- polyesters represent an important class within these materials. Synthetic polyesters which contain only aliphatic monomers have a relatively good biodegradability, and because of their material properties, they can be used only to an extremely limited extent; see Witt et al. in Macrom. Chem. Phys., 195 (1994) 793-802. Aromatic polyesters, on the other hand, show no biodegradation with good material properties.
- An object of the present invention is to synthesize copolymers (in particular in the form of a material or material) which at the same time have biodegradability and good thermal and mechanical properties. This goal is achieved by producing synthetic copolymers with a defined composition.
- the object on which the invention is based is thus achieved by a biodegradable Dissolvable polyester, which is degraded in the natural environment under the influence of microorganisms, for example according to DIN 53739D or ASTM D5338-92, the polyester being characterized in that the polyester consists of an aliphatic polyol and an aromatic polycarboxylic acid as well ⁇ at the time an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid was produced as a monomer component and has constitutional repeating units or recurring units which
- the polyester according to the invention can have a molecular weight of 1,000 to 70,000 g / mol.
- the polyester according to the invention can have a melting point of 40 to 150 ° C. and in particular 90 to 150 ° C.
- polyester according to the invention can be made from
- An aromatic dicarboxylic acid preferably terephthalic acid, and - an aliphatic preferably adipic acid or sebacic acid, have been condensed.
- the invention further relates to a polyester with a proportion based on an aromatic dicarboxylic acid as a monomer component of 3 to 65 and in particular 35 to 55 mol% (based on total acid content).
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a work material or a material which at the same time has biodegradability and good thermal and mechanical properties.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by a material made from a biodegradable polyester according to the invention, the material being in the form of flat material, in particular foils, single filaments, filamentous material or molded parts, in particular injection molded, extruded or foamed molded parts.
- Filamentous material can be in the form of fibers, felt or fabric.
- the material according to the invention can be a composite material.
- Foils in particular packaging foils, for example for packaging fresh goods in retail, or for pre-packaged goods in retail, such as outer packaging (bundling of individual packaging), "skin packaging” (for small parts, such as nails), blister packaging ( Films on cardboard carriers, for example for coated tablets), protective packaging or transparent films, for example as a florist's requirement; Composting bags, in particular for household waste (for example 10 1) or garden waste (for example 100 1); Films in the medical field, for example for or as disposable clothing or gloves; Foils as or in the form of baby diapers; "Big Bag", in particular large-volume bags, for example for bulk goods, such as fertilizers or animal feed; Cover foils, for example in agriculture; Labels; or weather balloons; furthermore transport packaging, clothes bags, building foils or bed pads;
- Tree nets for example to protect crops from birds; Covering nets for floors, for example against soil erosion; Nets for food packaging, for example for vegetables or fruit; Nets for selling trees or shrubs, such as Christmas trees; Fishing nets; Household wipes, such as wipes; Diaper pads; Fleece in the hygiene and cosmetics sector; Medical fleece; Extractor filters; Car interior filter; Filters for the food sector, for example for breweries; Filters for aquariums and ponds;
- molded parts in particular disposable tableware; Food packaging, for example yoghurt cups, bottles or tubes; Cosmetic packaging, for example bottles or tubes; Bag closures; Disposable items in the medical field, for example syringes or spatulas; Plastic parts for fireworks; Plastic ammunition, for example for military purposes; Cemetery and burial requirements, for example grave containers, grave lights or coffin applications; Golf tees; Pellets for controlled release, for example for fertilizer or crop protection; Carrier body for drinking water treatment; Plant pots; Support rods, for example for garden centers; Support parts for earthworks, for example when planting slopes;
- Composite paper cans for example for snacks, milk powder or raisins; coated papers, for example with improved moisture resistance;
- Cloths for example made of fibers according to the invention in combination with natural fibers;
- Press fiber mats for example as "adhesives", also in the form of plant pots or for car interior trims;
- Fiber composite for example furniture parts or load-bearing car interior linings;
- foamed materials especially packaging chips; Packaging foam body; Plant pots; Floor aerators; Disposable tableware; Packaging trays, for example for meat, fruit, eggs or ampoules; or upholstery material.
- the monomer components specified in Table 1 are suitable, which are either available in large quantities and inexpensively by known petrochemical processes or at least partly by biotechnological ones Processes from renewable raw materials are accessible (1,3-propanediol, 2,3-butanediol, adipic and sebacic acid).
- polyester copolymers The synthesis of the polyester copolymers was carried out as described in Examples 1-9 and leads to polycondensates of structural formula 1.
- PTA (x 3, y 4) poly [(trimethylene hexanedioate-co-trimethylene terephthalate)]
- PTS poly [(trimethylene-decanedioate-co-trimethylene-terephthalate)]
- the thermal properties are characterized by the melting points (see Table 2).
- the melting behavior became dependent the proportion of terephthalic acid examined in more detail.
- a terephthalic acid content of approx. 30 mol% (based on the acid content in the copolyester) there are melting points and material properties that correspond to those of the pure aliphatic polyester (e.g. SP36: Saturated polyester made of 1,3-propanediol and adipic acid.
- SP3i ⁇ Saturated polyester from 1,3-propanediol and sebacic acid).
- Polyester foams (25 mm 0, 100 microns thickness) were treated in 100 ml liquid volume at 25 ° C with stirring and air supply. A corresponding mineral salt medium and an earth or compost eluate were added. As shown in Fig. 2, PTA and PTS copolyesters are well degraded up to a terephthalic acid content of 30% in the specified aquatic system. A breakdown of the statistical copolyesters with terephthalic acid components> 30 mol% (based on the acid component) could not be observed in the aquatic system. Obviously, the presence of the microbial mixed culture and the mineral salts is not sufficient for microbial degradation in the observed period.
- Polyesters with purely aliphatic acids can be completely biodegraded.
- the degradation results shown under 4. show that this is also possible if the proportion is aromatic
- Dicarboxylic acid does not exceed a certain value.
- investigations were carried out with model oligomers, 1, 3- as the diol.
- Propanediol was used because of its middle position and terephthalic acid.
- the synthesis of these oligo-trimethylene terephthalates or poly-trimethylene terephthalates (PTMT) is in example
- Table 3 shows the average molecular weights (determined by GPC with
- PTMT 1 10.2 ⁇ 0.1 0.0 87.1 97.3 PTMT 2 16.3 ⁇ 0.1 2.5 78.8 97.4 PTMT 3 23.2 ⁇ 0.1 4.0 74, 9 102.2
- the distribution of the oligomers in PTMT 1 - 3 was examined by gel permeation chromatography before and after degradation.
- the molecular weights Mps obtained from the GPC refer to polystyrene as the calibration standard.
- mass spectroscopy after GPC fractionation, a complete assignment of all polymerization products (MH + MS ) was obtained.
- the peak assignment obtained in this way is given in Table 5 and Fig. 6 shows the chromatogram for the synthesized oligomer mixture PTMT3 before it is used in degradation studies.
- the peak CD occurring at an elution time of 8.84 min is cyclic
- the copolyester is cooled under vacuum, repeatedly dissolved in chloroform and precipitated in ice-cold methanol (technical grade), and then dried in vacuo for 24 hours.
- Example 8 0.165 mol of 1,4-butanediol, 0.045 mol of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT), 0.105 mol of adipic acid and 0.04 g of zinc acetate dihydrate are condensed as in Example 1.
- Example 8
- the resistance to hydrolysis at room temperature is determined on the statistical copolyesters prepared in Examples 1-4. Polyester films are sterilized with ethanol and shaken in sterile water at room temperature (150 rpm). No changes in weight loss and chain splitting (determined by GPC measurements) can be observed in the examined period of 3 months. In addition, the resistance to hydrolysis at 60 ° C. is determined on the statistical copolyesters prepared in Examples 1-4. Polyester films are sterilized with ethanol and shaken in sterile water at 60 ° C (150 rpm). The statistical copolyesters PTS (41/59) and PTS (56/44) showed no weight loss after 10 weeks, the PTA (39/61) and PTA (43/57) 3.5% and 6% weight loss, respectively.
- the degradability of the statistical copolyesters is checked in an earth digging test (DIN 53739D).
- DIN 53739D earth digging test
- test specimens with a wall thickness of 100 mm and a diameter of 25 mm are welded into polyethylene nets and buried in soil with 60% relative humidity.
- the test is carried out at approx. 20 ° C.
- the mass loss of the samples is determined at time intervals, ie the percentage loss in weight of the polyester film.
- a test specimen is taken at every time interval, with dist. Washed water and dried in vacuo for 24 h. This removed specimen is then not used again in the burial test, but is available for analytical investigations.
- the test was carried out with the following polymeric materials: PTA (39/61), PTA (43/57), PTS (41/57) and PTS (56/44). The results are Fig. 3 can be seen.
- the degradability of the statistical copolyesters is checked in a composting at 60 ° C and 60% relative humidity.
- the specimen dimensions, burials and withdrawals correspond to the earth digging.
- the compost based on green waste comes from the post-rotting phase and was taken from the Watenbüttel composting plant (Braunschweig). The results are shown in Fig. 4.
- the mass loss is plotted against the time (in weeks) in the diagrams.
- the copolyesters PTA (39/61) and PTS (41/59) with lower terephthalic acid content, can no longer be isolated after 7 - 8 weeks.
- the PTS (43/57) showed a weight loss of 14%. No weight loss in the excavation
- Example 10 shows that there is no hydrolytic influence at room temperature in the observed period for the polyesters examined. One can speak of a microbial degradation.
- Example 10 illustrates that the hydrolytic influence at 60 ° C. fulfills a function that supports microbial degradation. This influence is more pronounced with adipic acid as an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component than with sebacic acid as an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid component.
- 0.131 mol of 1,3-propanediol, 0.131 mol of DMT and 0.04 g of zinc acetate dihydrate are each condensed with 20, 50 and 100 mol% excess of 1,3-propanediol in the melt at 210 ° C. under a nitrogen atmosphere and normal pressure .
- the oligomers are ground, washed successively with water and diethyl ether and dried in vacuo for 24 h.
- the aromatic oligomers listed in Table 3 result.
- the degradation of the obgomer is examined in a modified storm test.
- the only carbon source are the PTMT oligomers.
- 1% by volume of a compost eluate serves as the degradation culture and a mineral salt medium according to DIN 53739C serves as the nutrient source.
- the test is carried out at 25 ° C., an air supply of approx. 2 l / h and in 100 ml of liquid volume.
- 0.161 mol of 1,2-ethanediol, 0, 161 mol of DMT and 0.04 g of zinc acetate dihydrate are condensed with 100 mol% excess of I, 2-Ethandioiin the melt at 210 * C, under a nitrogen atmosphere and at normal pressure.
- the oligomer is ground, washed successively with water and diethyl ether and dried in vacuo for 24 h.
- 0.111 mol of 1, 4-butanediol, 0.111 mol DMT and 0.04 g of zinc acetate dihydrate are condensed with 100 mol% excess of i.4-Butandioiin the melt at 210 * C, under a nitrogen atmosphere and at normal pressure.
- the oligomer is ground, washed successively with water and diethyl ether and dried in vacuo for 24 h.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE4432161 | 1994-09-09 | ||
DE19944432161 DE4432161A1 (de) | 1994-09-09 | 1994-09-09 | Biologisch abbaubare Polyester-Copolymere mit aromatischen Anteilen |
DE19508737 | 1995-03-10 | ||
DE19508737A DE19508737A1 (de) | 1995-03-10 | 1995-03-10 | Biologisch abbaubarer Polyester und Werkstoff daraus |
PCT/EP1995/002722 WO1996007687A1 (de) | 1994-09-09 | 1995-07-12 | Biologisch abbaubarer polyester und werkstoff daraus |
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EP0779907A1 true EP0779907A1 (de) | 1997-06-25 |
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EP95944721A Withdrawn EP0779907A1 (de) | 1994-09-09 | 1995-07-12 | Biologisch abbaubarer polyester und werkstoff daraus |
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EP (1) | EP0779907A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH10505620A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996007687A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (13)
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DE19630236A1 (de) * | 1996-07-26 | 1998-01-29 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Biaxial gereckte, biologisch abbaubare und kompostierbare Wursthülle |
DE19640268A1 (de) * | 1996-09-30 | 1998-04-02 | Basf Ag | Folienumhülltes Düngemittel mit gezielter Nährstofffreisetzung |
ATE286935T1 (de) * | 1999-05-10 | 2005-01-15 | Basf Ag | Biologisch abbaubare polyesterschaumstoffpartikel |
DE29913534U1 (de) | 1999-08-03 | 1999-10-07 | Basf Ag, 67063 Ludwigshafen | Biologisch abbaubare Bodenlockerungsmittel |
DE19938008A1 (de) | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-15 | Basf Ag | Biologisch abbaubare Schaumstoffpartikel |
JP2002256098A (ja) * | 2001-03-02 | 2002-09-11 | Jsp Corp | ポリエステル系樹脂発泡体及びその製造方法 |
US7888405B2 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2011-02-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Aliphatic-aromatic polyesters, and articles made therefrom |
JP2008500424A (ja) * | 2004-05-25 | 2008-01-10 | イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | 酵素処理によって脂肪族−芳香族コポリエステルの生分解を促進する方法 |
CN100429256C (zh) * | 2004-12-30 | 2008-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 可生物降解的线性无规共聚酯及其制备方法和应用 |
JP5121447B2 (ja) | 2005-03-25 | 2013-01-16 | 株式会社カネカ | 熱可塑性樹脂発泡粒子およびその成形体 |
US8273850B2 (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2012-09-25 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polyester compositions from biologically-derived materials |
DE202013012853U1 (de) | 2012-05-17 | 2020-08-31 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Vorrichtungen zum Zugang über benachbarte Gewebeschichten |
US10336925B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2019-07-02 | Resinate Materials Group, Inc. | Polyester polyols for reactive hot-melt adhesives |
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DE2945729C2 (de) * | 1979-11-13 | 1982-06-09 | Chemische Werke Hüls AG, 4370 Marl | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochmolekularen, linearen Polyestern |
AU6338590A (en) * | 1989-08-08 | 1991-03-11 | Pennsylvania Research Corporation, The | Hydrodegradable polyesters |
EP0569146B1 (de) * | 1992-05-08 | 2000-02-09 | Showa Highpolymer Co., Ltd. | Polyesterfilm |
-
1995
- 1995-07-12 WO PCT/EP1995/002722 patent/WO1996007687A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-07-12 EP EP95944721A patent/EP0779907A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-07-12 JP JP8509147A patent/JPH10505620A/ja active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO9607687A1 * |
U. WITT, R.-J. MÜLLER, J. AUGUSTA, H. WIDDECKE, W.-D. DECKWER: "Synthesis, properties and biodegradability of polyesters based on 1,3-propanediol.", MACROMOL. CHEM. PHYS., vol. 195, no. 2, 1994, pages 793 - 802 * |
U. WITT, R.-J. MÜLLER, W.-D. DECKWER: "New Biodegradable Polyester-Copolymers from Commodity Chemicals with Favorable Use Properties", JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLYMER DEGRADATION, vol. 3, no. 4, 1995, pages 215 - 223 * |
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WO1996007687A1 (de) | 1996-03-14 |
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