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EP0775237B1 - Surfaces perfectionnees destinees a la pratique de sports et d'autres activites - Google Patents

Surfaces perfectionnees destinees a la pratique de sports et d'autres activites Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0775237B1
EP0775237B1 EP95929867A EP95929867A EP0775237B1 EP 0775237 B1 EP0775237 B1 EP 0775237B1 EP 95929867 A EP95929867 A EP 95929867A EP 95929867 A EP95929867 A EP 95929867A EP 0775237 B1 EP0775237 B1 EP 0775237B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
sand
chopped
woodchip
geotextile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95929867A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0775237A1 (fr
Inventor
Michael Harry Wilson Cannon
Cornelis Haaksman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fibresand Ltd
AGTERBERG BV
Original Assignee
Fibresand Ltd
AGTERBERG BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fibresand Ltd, AGTERBERG BV filed Critical Fibresand Ltd
Publication of EP0775237A1 publication Critical patent/EP0775237A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0775237B1 publication Critical patent/EP0775237B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/005—Soil-conditioning by mixing with fibrous materials, filaments, open mesh or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/06—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003
    • E01C13/065—Pavings made in situ, e.g. for sand grounds, clay courts E01C13/003 at least one in situ layer consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improved surfaces for sporting and other activities, and more particularly to surfaces suitable for equestrian usage, for ball games, such as football and golf, and other leisure activities.
  • a first known surface comprises natural wood fibre and this when new provides a good surface. It is, however, a natural material and therefore deteriorates with age. Thus, it has to be replaced and, since it is fairly expensive, the replacement cost is high.
  • a second known surface comprises finely chopped PVC often from used electrical cable insulation material. This produces a good surface but if laid deeply the surface is rather loose and the cost of the material is very high.
  • a third known surface comprises ashes from power stations. The ashes provide a surface which drains readily when newly laid in wet weather but in dry conditions the surface produces dust and becomes compacted becoming hard especially after prolonged use.
  • silica sand which provides a good surface in wet weather conditions but in dry weather conditions the sand provides an extremely difficult surface for both jumping and landing, particularly for an equestrian practise ring.
  • the principal problem of silica sand is that it lacks cohesion therefore providing a surface which is described as riding too deep and loose.
  • the natural surface for most ball games is also grass.
  • the damage to the turf and soil structure which is caused by normal usage is intensive and the scale of damage can exceed the rate of such recovery. This is particularly pronounced in areas such as goal mouths and centre circles of football pitches and on golf tees where the turf can be totally destroyed and the soil severely compacted. In wet weather this means mud; in dry weather the surface is hard and bumpy.
  • a first known surface commonly known as hard porous, comprises water bound grit/sand/clay mixtures of differing proportions, normally laid over a drainage layer of coarser material. This surface provides inadequate cushioning and is too abrasive. The surface material also becomes destructured and therefore loses permeability. In dry weather dust is a problem.
  • a second known surface comprises a synthetic material designed to imitate real turf. This may be laid on soil or on a drainage layer of sand or other material. This synthetic turf may or may not be infilled by a top dressing of sand. Such a surface is expensive to install and has insufficient resilience for falling players. Maintenance and repairs are difficult and costly.
  • a third known surface comprises a layer of fibres which are joined together in a loose pattern, laid in a bed of sand which in turn may be laid on a drainage layer of other material. Maintenance and repairs are difficult and costly. Play characteristics are poor.
  • a fourth known surface comprises a layer of sand or granular material bound by bitumastic or similar material. Such a surface has insufficient resilience, is too abrasive and is difficult and costly to repair and maintain.
  • a resilient, water pervious composition for playing surfaces consisting of a mixture of particulate rubber and particulate inorganic solids, the particulate rubber being 10 - 50% by volume and having a particle size such that not more than 10% by volume passes a No. 100 sieve and substantially all passes a No. 8 sieve, the particulate inorganic solids being 90 - 50% by volume having a particle size such that 80 - 100% by volume passes a No. 8 sieve and not more than 15% by volume passes a No. 200 sieve.
  • These compositions lack stability, and the rubber particles supply insufficient reinforcement, for many applications. This is particularly important in the case of equestrian events.
  • the surface comprises a layer of material, the material comprising a mixture of sand and elongate synthetic fibres, the fibres being randomly dispersed as separate individual fibres throughout the sand, and in which the fibres are in the range of 25 to 75mm in length and are of uncrimped form.
  • an athletic field or playground having an essentially planar surface consisting, at least in part, of tree bark particles consolidated to form an essentially tread resistant top layer of the athletic field or playground, the top layer consisting, at least predominantly, of a mixture of particulate tree bark and of flexible fibres dispersed in the mixture, and at least a predominant portion of the fibres having a fibre length that is greater than the average largest dimension of the tree bark particles.
  • a surface for sporting and/or other activities which comprises a layer of material comprising (i) sand, (ii) woodchip and/or chopped geotextile material, and (iii) 0.05% to 0.4% by weight, based on the total weight of the material, of elongate natural or synthetic fibres, the fibres being dispersed as separate individual fibres.
  • the invention provides a material suitable for the formation of a surface for sporting and/or other activities which comprises (i) sand, (ii) woodchip and/or chopped geotextile material, and (iii) 0.05% to 0.4% by weight, based on the total weight of the material of elongate natural or synthetic fibres, the fibres being dispersed as separate individual fibres.
  • the material of the present invention can, for example, be laid on top of a soil or prepared drainage base to form a surface as required.
  • Sand suitable for use in the present invention, is preferably of a type which allows drainage and does not readily break down through attrition. It may, for example, be a naturally occurring sand such as for example sea sand or dune sand or a processed quarry sand, for example, a sand derived from crushed rock. The sand may be washed if desired, but in many circumstances it is not necessary, and in some cases it may be even advantageous not to do so.
  • An example of a suitable sand for use in the present invention is silica sand.
  • Silica sand is a sand which is relatively clean, and is a well graded sand produced by a wet classification method.
  • the sand particles have a diameter such that they will pass through a sieve of lmm hole size, and/or preferably such that they have an average diameter in the range of from 100 to 1000 microns.
  • the woodchip used in the present invention can be derived from any suitable hard or soft wood, or mixtures thereof, such as, for example, oak, elm, ash, beech, and pine.
  • Woodchip suitable for use in the present invention preferably comprises irregular wood particles which are substantially free, or at most comprise only small amounts of, sawdust, wood shavings, or splinters (which might injure a horse).
  • the woodchip particles are usually substantially rectangular in shape, although not necessarily so.
  • the woodchip particles have an average length of from 10 to 80mm, an average width (breadth) of 5 to 25mm and an average thickness of 2 to 3mm.
  • Geotextile materials are widely used for a variety of surface preparations, for example, as part of a drainage base, or to stabilize slopes or landscape features, and in road laying and other civil engineering projects. They are extensively used in synthetic playing surfaces, for example, artificial turf, and football pitches.
  • geotextile materials comprise a flexible sheet, membrane or web of water-permeable fabric, the sheet, membrane, or web material being substantially non-biodegradable and preferably having a non-woven construction.
  • the geotextile material usually has pores of a suitable size to allow liquid to drain through but to prevent the passage of small particles.
  • the geotextile material can comprise a high molecular weight polymeric composition, for example, a polyolefin polymer, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or co-polymers of ethylene and propylene with each other and with other vinyl monomers, or a substituted polyolefin polymer, such as polyvinylchloride, or a polyester.
  • a polyolefin polymer such as polyethylene, polypropylene, or co-polymers of ethylene and propylene with each other and with other vinyl monomers
  • a substituted polyolefin polymer such as polyvinylchloride
  • Typical examples of geotextile materials comprise a porous web of non woven, and especially, spun-bonded, polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the filaments of the geotextile material can, for example, be chemically bonded with a binder comprising an acrylic resin and a melamine.
  • the geotextile material has a bulk density of from about 0.1Kg/cu. metre to about 0.4Kg/cu. metre, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.3Kg/cu. metre, and, for example, can have a compacted density of about 220Kg/cu. metre.
  • the geotextile material is preferably chopped into irregular pieces, which can, for example, have a triangular, quadrilateral, or polygonal shape.
  • the pieces of geotextile material have a greatest dimension (length or width) of less than 100mm, preferably less than 50mm, with the majority of the pieces preferably having a greatest dimension of from 10 to 30mm, and a smallest dimension of from 5 to 12mm.
  • the invention can make use of chopped, recycled geotextile material, and this is the preferred source of geotextile material for use in the present invention.
  • the elongate natural or synthetic fibres preferably comprise fibres of a natural or synthetic polymeric material having good resistance to environmental conditions.
  • Synthetic fibres of polyolefins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene or co-polymers thereof are particularly suitable, together with polyamides such as nylon, halogenated polymers such as PVC, and other similar materials.
  • the fibres can have a fibre length of from 5 to 75mm, preferably from 10 to 75mm, most preferably from 20 to 40mm.
  • the average diameter of the fibres is preferably from 50 to 150 denier, for example, about 65 denier.
  • the fibres are preferably polypropylene fibres which are preferably used in an uncrimped form commonly referred to as straight staple fibre.
  • the layer of material forming the surface is from 25 to 150mm thick, most preferably from 50 to 150mm thick.
  • the layer of material can comprise a plurality of layers of different composition.
  • a preferred surface according to the invention can comprise an upper layer comprising a mixture of (i) sand, and (ii) woodchip and/or chopped geotextile material, optionally with (iii) up to about 1% by weight based on the total weight of the material layer of randomly dispersed elongate natural or synthetic fibres, and a lower layer comprising (i) sand, and (ii) randomly dispersed elongate natural or synthetic fibres.
  • the ratio of the components of the material will depend to some extent on the nature of the components chosen.
  • the sand preferably comprises, for example, from 20 to 80% by volume, more preferably from 40 to 60% by volume, of the total material.
  • the amount of woodchip in the material will depend to some extent on the required properties of the material but is usually at least 20% by volume, and is preferably in the range 40 to 60% by volume, based on the total volume of the material.
  • the woodchip in the material can be wholly or partly replaced by chopped geotextile material, and the amount of chopped geotextile material used will depend on the amount of woodchip present, if any.
  • the chopped geotextile material is used in an amount of up to 50% by volume, preferably from 10 to 40% by volume, based on the total volume of the material.
  • the percentage of elongate natural or synthetic fibres in the total material composition is preferably in the range of 0.05% to 0.4% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 0.3% and most preferably about 0.2% by weight.
  • the fibres may be coloured to conform to the colour of the material and thereby be substantially invisible in use.
  • An example of a first preferred material composition according to the invention is as follows: Silica sand (particle size less than 1mm) 50% by volume Polypropylene fibres (65 denier average fibre length 40mm) 0.2% by weight Woodchip 50% by volume
  • An example of a second preferred material composition according to the invention is as follows: Selected sand 70% by volume Polypropylene fibres (65 denier average fibre length 40mm) 0.2% by weight Chopped Geotextile material 30% by volume
  • Small quantities of other materials for example stabilizers, fillers, additives which assist with water retention properties and colouring materials, may be added to the material composition in amounts not sufficient to impair the physical properties of the material.
  • an all weather surface can be prepared which is free-draining, such that even after prolonged periods of heavy rain, water will not stand on the surface.
  • the surface remains relatively cohesive and mud free, to provide a firm footing for sporting activities.
  • the surface resists compaction, and retains a good structure even when subjected to heavy wear under wet conditions.
  • the preferred surfaces also have substantial advantages over other known surfaces formed from materials such as, for example, woodchip, plastic granules, rubber particles, sand, and rubber and sand mixtures. Some of these advantages are as follows:
  • the components of the material may be mixed in any order, or simultaneously, to give one or more substantially homogeneous mixtures. It is important to distribute the fibres evenly and randomly throughout any mixture containing fibres, and it has been found in practice, for example, that it is preferable to pre-mix the sand and the woodchip and/or geotextile material together and then introduce the fibres to obtain an even, random dispersion.
  • turf and top soil are removed to the required depth and replaced with a layer of the surface material.
  • a greater depth of turf and top soil may be removed, particularly if the drainage characteristics are poor, and in such cases the lower layer should be replaced with a drainage base comprising clean crushed rock or gravel of appropriate size laid to an appropriate thickness in accordance with normal drainage engineering design rules, if desired, on a geotextile membrane.
  • a bed of material in accordance with British Patent No. 2184765B comprising sand and fibres is first laid down, and then overlaid with a bed, about 5cm thick, of a material comprising (i) sand, (ii) woodchip and/or chopped geotextile material, and (iii) optionally up to about 1% by weight, based on the weight of the total surface material, of randomly dispersed natural or synthetic fibres.
  • Another preferred material can be prepared, for example, by taking a quantity (usually thirty to forty tonnes) of sand and woodchip and/or chopped geotextile material mix which is in a fairly moist condition and incorporating into the mix a quantity of polypropylene fibres of the desired length.
  • the sand/woodchip chopped geotextile mix can be mixed with the fibres, for example, in a high intensity mixer of the contra rotating type which mixes the fibres homogeneously in a randomly orientated distribution throughout the material.
  • the random distribution of fibres stabilises the material imparting resistance to particle movement under load from horses hooves etc, thus minimising spreading and hoof penetration such that a sure footing is obtained.
  • the fibre length is required to be long enough such that a "crosslinking" effect is produced thereby preventing the material from moving under the pressure of the horses hooves, players feet, or other users such as wheeled vehicles or implements.
  • the material is delivered to the prepared site and laid out to the required depth to give the desired surface characteristic.
  • the characteristic of the surface can be altered by the choice of particle sizes and the percentages of the individual components.
  • the preferred surfaces of the invention have greatly improved shear resistance, stability, resilience and other mechanical and physical properties as discussed hitherto.
  • the new all-weather surface is particularly suitable for sporting areas having high usage, for example, equestrian training areas, and show jumping arenas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Surface pour la pratique du sport et/ou d'autres activités, qui comprend une couche d'un matériau comprenant (i) du sable, (ii) des copeaux de bois et/ou un matériau géotextile haché, et (iii) de 0,05 % à 0,4 % en poids, par rapport au poids total du matériau, de fibres individuelles naturelles ou synthétiques allongées, les fibres étant dispersées sous forme de fibres individuelles séparées.
  2. Surface selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la couche comprend un mélange aléatoire des composants (i), (ii) et (iii).
  3. Surface selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la couche comprend une couche supérieure comprenant un mélange de (i) sable, et (ii) copeaux de bois/et ou matériau géotextile haché, éventuellement avec (iii) des fibres individuelles naturelles ou synthétiques dispersées de façon aléatoire, et une couche inférieure comprenant (i) du sable et (ii) des fibres naturelles ou synthétiques allongées dispersées de manière aléatoire.
  4. Surface selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle le sable est du sable de silice, et dans laquelle les particules de sable ont un diamètre moyen dans la gamme de 100 à 1000 microns, et/ou
    dans laquelle les copeaux de bois sont dérivés du chêne, de l'orme, du frêne, du hêtre, du pin ou de leurs mélanges, et/ou
    dans laquelle les copeaux de bois comprennent des particules ayant une longueur moyenne de 10 à 80 mm, une largeur moyenne de 5 à 25 mm et une épaisseur moyenne de 2 à 3 mm, et/ou
    dans laquelle le matériau géotextile comprend un réseau poreux d'un tissu non tissé de polyéthylène ou polypropylène, et/ou
    dans laquelle le matériau géotextile est haché en pièces irrégulières, et/ou
    dans laquelle le matériau géotextile haché a une densité apparente de 0,1 à 0,4, et/ou
    dans laquelle le matériau géotextile haché est du type comprenant une majorité de pièces dont la dimension la plus grande va de 10 à 30 mm et la dimension la plus petite de 5 à 12 mm, et/ou
    dans laquelle les fibres naturelles ou synthétiques allongées ont une longueur de fibres de 10 à 75 mm, et/ou
    dans laquelle les fibres ont un diamètre moyen de 50 à 150 deniers, et/ou
    dans laquelle les fibres sont des fibres de polypropylène, et/ou
    dans laquelle le matériau comprend de 20 % à 80 % en volume de sable, par rapport au volume total du matériau, et/ou
    dans laquelle la quantité de copeaux de bois dans le matériau est située dans la gamme de 40 % à 60 % en volume, par rapport au volume total du matériau, et/ou
    dans laquelle la quantité du matériau géotextile haché dans le matériau est dans la gamme de 10 à 50 % en volume, par rapport au volume total du matériau, et/ou
    dans laquelle le pourcentage de fibres naturelles ou synthétiques dans le matériau est dans la gamme de 0,1 % à 0,3 % en poids, par rapport au poids total du matériau, et/ou
    qui comprend également des stabilisants, des charges, des additifs qui contribuent aux propriétés de rétention de l'eau et/ou des substances colorantes.
  5. Matériau approprié pour former une surface pour la pratique du sport et/ou d'autres activités, qui comprend un mélange de (i) sable, (ii) copeaux de bois et/ou matériau géotextile haché, et (iii) 0,05 % à 0,4 % en poids, par rapport au poids total du mélange, de fibres naturelles ou synthétiques allongées, les fibres ayant été dispersées dans le mélange, de manière aléatoire, sous forme de fibres individuelles séparées.
EP95929867A 1994-08-13 1995-08-11 Surfaces perfectionnees destinees a la pratique de sports et d'autres activites Expired - Lifetime EP0775237B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9416396A GB2292090A (en) 1994-08-13 1994-08-13 Surfaces for sports grounds
GB9416396 1994-08-13
PCT/EP1995/003215 WO1996005374A1 (fr) 1994-08-13 1995-08-11 Surfaces perfectionnees destinees a la pratique de sports et d'autres activites

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0775237A1 EP0775237A1 (fr) 1997-05-28
EP0775237B1 true EP0775237B1 (fr) 1998-04-22

Family

ID=10759838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95929867A Expired - Lifetime EP0775237B1 (fr) 1994-08-13 1995-08-11 Surfaces perfectionnees destinees a la pratique de sports et d'autres activites

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0775237B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3345695A (fr)
DE (1) DE69502199T2 (fr)
GB (2) GB2292090A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996005374A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007023618B3 (de) * 2007-05-18 2008-10-09 Ehg Entsorgung- Und Recycling Gmbh Bodenschicht für sportliche Aktivitäten, insbesondere eine Tretschicht für Reitplätze
DE202023002036U1 (de) 2023-09-27 2023-12-12 EHG GmbH Bodenschicht für sportliche Aktivitäten, insbesondere Tretschicht für Reitplätze

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2306494B (en) * 1995-11-01 2000-01-19 Collins Martin Enterprises Synthetic surface
NL1004801C2 (nl) * 1996-12-17 1998-06-18 Johannes Wouterus Hendricus La Paardenbodem, werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van vulmateriaal voor paardenbodems, gebruik van het vulmateriaal, en manege.
GB2331756A (en) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-02 Collins Martin Enterprises Resilient synthetic surfaces
AU6842998A (en) 1998-03-24 1999-10-18 Plasticisers Limited Artificial and semi-artificial surfaces
FR2798943B1 (fr) * 1999-09-27 2002-03-15 Nag Sarl Sol adapte a la realisation de pistes hippiques ou de terrains de haute frequentation, notamment de terrains de sports ou aires de grand jeu
NL1015864C2 (nl) 2000-08-02 2002-02-05 Komptech Sambeek B V Werkwijze voor het stabiliseren van bodems.
AUPR909101A0 (en) * 2001-11-26 2001-12-20 Gsa Bloodstock Pty Ltd Soil based material and method for producing same
DE10218647A1 (de) * 2002-04-25 2003-11-06 Peter Weiers Reitplatzabdichtung
DE10329974A1 (de) * 2003-06-28 2005-01-20 Ds Deutsche Solves Gmbh Tretschicht für Reitsportanlagen
DE102005002468B4 (de) * 2005-01-18 2009-03-12 Stremmer Sand + Kies Gmbh Tretschicht für Reitplätze
GB2426206A (en) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-22 Econoplas Ltd Turf Tiles
DE102007022406B3 (de) * 2007-05-10 2008-08-28 Fa. H. Cordel U. Sohn Inh. Karlheinz Cordel Als Vegetations- und Tragschicht für natürliche Sportrasen dienendes Einbaumaterial
ITPI20070120A1 (it) * 2007-10-31 2009-05-01 Roberto Nusca Metodo di realizzazione di un fondo in materiale sfuso per attivita' sportive e materiale sfuso cosi' ottenuto
GB2458911A (en) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-07 Giffords Recycling Ltd A riding surface comprising wood,sand and a binder
WO2010075098A1 (fr) 2008-12-15 2010-07-01 Textile Management Associates, Inc. Procédé de recyclage de gazon synthétique et produit de remplissage
DE202010008077U1 (de) * 2010-07-14 2011-11-14 Polywert Gmbh Tretschicht für Reitplatz
CN103492639B (zh) * 2011-03-14 2016-07-06 罗克伍尔国际公司 石纤维的应用
EP4242376A3 (fr) 2020-02-19 2024-01-24 Tarkett Sports Canada Inc. Gazon artificiel comprenant des particules de noyaux d'olives

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US4073753A (en) * 1975-04-07 1978-02-14 Stein Hauge Outdoor surface compositions
CH664292A5 (de) * 1982-05-14 1988-02-29 Bernd Wengmann Schuettgutdecke fuer sportplaetze.
GB2120475B (en) * 1982-10-05 1983-12-29 Frank Brian Mercer Strenhthening a matrix
GB8619850D0 (en) * 1985-12-14 1986-09-24 Mansfield Standard Sand Co Ltd All weather surfaces
EP0314622B1 (fr) * 1987-10-29 1992-12-16 Bernd Wengmann Terrain de sport ou de jeu
DE3843974A1 (de) * 1988-12-27 1990-06-28 Alois Dold Tretschicht fuer reitplaetze

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007023618B3 (de) * 2007-05-18 2008-10-09 Ehg Entsorgung- Und Recycling Gmbh Bodenschicht für sportliche Aktivitäten, insbesondere eine Tretschicht für Reitplätze
EP1992739A2 (fr) 2007-05-18 2008-11-19 EHG Entsorgung- und Recycling GmbH Couche de sol pour activités sportives
DE202023002036U1 (de) 2023-09-27 2023-12-12 EHG GmbH Bodenschicht für sportliche Aktivitäten, insbesondere Tretschicht für Reitplätze

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0775237A1 (fr) 1997-05-28
AU3345695A (en) 1996-03-07
DE69502199D1 (de) 1998-05-28
GB9416396D0 (en) 1994-10-05
WO1996005374A1 (fr) 1996-02-22
GB2292090A (en) 1996-02-14
GB2292091A (en) 1996-02-14
GB9516533D0 (en) 1995-10-11
DE69502199T2 (de) 1998-10-29

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