EP0758958A1

EP0758958A1 - Process for producing decorating materials

Info

Publication number: EP0758958A1
Application number: EP95917977A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Helmut Szynka; Manfred Zibulka
Original assignee: HSB-HELMUT SZYNKA GmbH
Current assignee: HSB SELBSTBAUSYSTEME GMBH
Priority date: 1994-05-07
Filing date: 1995-04-28
Publication date: 1997-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2015-04-28
Also published as: ATE168332T1; BR9507612A; WO1995030553A1; JPH10500367A; EP0758958B1; DE59502837D1; AU2409095A; CN1147792A

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for procucing coloured flat decorating materials in which a separation layer and at least one curable pigment or dye-containing resin layer are applied to a structuring negative material and, after curing, the resin layer is released from the negative material, and in which there is a platelet-like effect pigment in at least one of the resin layers.

Description

Process for the production of decorative materials

The invention relates to a process for the production of colored flat decorative materials. In the field of decorative coating or cladding materials there is a constant need for new types

Coloring and structure effects. In particular, there is a need for processes by means of which very different coloring and structure effects can be achieved which correspond to the respective ideas.

A method has now been found with which in almost any

How surface structures can be shaped, and these surface structures can also be connected with almost any color effect structures. An essential aspect here is that a structuring negative material is selected, the surface of which is molded in the later process and gives the resulting material its surface structure. For this purpose, the negative material is provided with a thin separating layer, and then at least one curable resin layer containing pigment and / or dye is applied. After the resin layer has hardened, the product is detached from the negative material. Another important aspect is that a platelet-shaped effect pigment is used as the pigment, whereby particularly attractive color effects can be achieved.

The invention therefore relates to a process for the production of colored flat decorative materials, with a structuring

Negative material, a separating layer and at least one pigment and / or dye-containing curable resin layer is applied, and after curing the resin layer is detached from the negative material, and wherein at least one of the resin layers contains a platelet-shaped effect pigment.

The invention also relates to the products produced by the process, such as, in particular, decorative panels or tiles. Some preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention are shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 shows the basic principle of the present invention, wherein a structuring negative material (1) is provided with a separating layer (2) and a pigment-containing curable resin layer (3).

A preferred negative material (1) is glass, with which very smooth surfaces can be achieved on the one hand, but surfaces with a different structure can also be achieved by selecting appropriate structural glasses. In principle, however, any dimensionally stable and therefore moldable material can be used, the selection being based solely on the desired surface structure. Examples of this are stone slabs, e.g. Slate, wood, metal, plastic and the like. In order to achieve a particularly smooth and flawless surface, crystal mirror glass is preferably used as the negative material, which is used well cleaned and degreased.

A thin separating layer (2) is applied to the negative material, the sole function of which is to prevent the resin layer (3) applied later from sticking to the negative material (1). A wax-like material is therefore preferably used, which does not bond with the negative material or the resin layer and, after the process has ended, can be liquefied, for example by heating, to such an extent that the cured product can be easily separated off. Wax-like substances of this type are known to the person skilled in the art and can be found, for example, in the area of paraffins or silicones. However, fluorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrafluoropolyethylene are also suitable. If a very smooth surface is to be achieved, the separation layer must also be applied very carefully. The wax used for this purpose is preferably applied in several, for example 3-5, layers, each time the wax is allowed to harden for some time, for example 1-10 hours, and then picked up and smoothed with polishing cotton. After the last wax layer has been polished out, the pigmented and possibly dye-containing resin layer (3) can in principle be applied immediately. Preferably, however, a protective layer (7) is first applied, which is advantageously designed to be clearly transparent. The same curable resin as the material used for the subsequent layer is preferably used for this purpose. In order to achieve good separation from the separating layer (2), a small proportion, for example about 0.1-1%, of an internal separating wax can be added to this resin.

After the protective layer (7) has hardened, the pigmented and possibly dye-containing resin layer (3) is applied.

Any color decorations can be produced by selecting, distributing and, if necessary, combining pigments and dyes. In principle, all single- or multicomponent resins can be used as resins which can be solidified by thermal, radiation curing or other curing and which are in a pourable or spreadable state for at least some time. Suitable resins are e.g. Polyesters, epoxy resins or vinyl esters, e.g. based on acrylates and / or methacrylates.

This resin is mixed with suitable pigments and / or dyes before or during processing. The pigments and / or dyes can be distributed uniformly in the resin layer, but it is also possible to display color structures in addition to the surface structures due to uneven distribution. The resin layer can be applied in one operation or in several steps, if necessary with intermediate hardening of the layer applied in each case. If several layers of resin are applied, they can be colored or pigmented differently if necessary. For example, a pigmented resin layer can be applied first, followed by a colored layer. According to the invention, particularly decorative effects are achieved through the use of platelet-shaped effect pigments, such as, for example, metal flakes, platelet-shaped metal oxides, phthalocyanines and in particular the metal oxide-mica pigments known as pearlescent pigments. These pigments known under the trade name Iriodin® are natural mica platelets which are coated with a thin metal oxide layer. Light refraction and multiple reflection at the phase boundaries of this multilayer pigment lead to interference effects depending on the viewing angle and, depending on the size of the platelets, to more or less pronounced gloss effects. Depending on the type and thickness of the metal oxide coating, for example colorless or colored metal oxides, in addition to or instead of the interference color, a more or less pronounced body color can also contribute to the effect.

The proportion of pigments and / or dyes in the resin layer depends essentially on the desired effect, but is generally in the range from about 1 to about 20% by weight.

The individual resin layers generally have a thickness of approximately 0.5 to approximately 2 mm, in particular approximately 0.5 to approximately 1.5 mm. If several layers are applied, a total thickness of about 2-3 mm is generally not exceeded, although the method itself does not impose any limits on the user.

After the resin layer has hardened, it can be detached from the negative material and is therefore already usable as a more or less flexible film. However, the resin layer is preferably bonded to further layers or elements, depending on the desired area of use. Some of these refinements of the method according to the invention are shown in FIGS. 2 to 6.

In Fig. 2, (4) denotes an additional lamination layer, that of the resin layer an additional stabilization or strength gives. For example, a glass fiber reinforced polyester resin can serve as the lamination. Other examples of this are familiar to the person skilled in the art.

In Figure 3, (6) denotes a core material that can be created using a

Adhesive layer (5) is connected to the resin layer (3). This e.g. The core consisting of wood, metal, plastic, gypsum or synthetic composite materials has the task of giving the product the material properties necessary for certain applications and can be selected practically as desired depending on the desired properties. In particular, the functional properties of the product can be designed as desired, e.g. in the direction of fire protection or heat or sound insulation or for setting desired thicknesses or strengths.

If the core material itself is not dimensionally stable or, e.g. for wood, due to external influences, e.g. Moisture absorption, can deform, it is advisable to stabilize the core material (6) by means of lamination layers (4) applied on both sides, as shown in Fig. 4.

Finally, FIG. 5 shows an embodiment which is constructed symmetrically and in which a core material (6) is provided on both sides with a resin layer (3), so that in this arrangement a product having color and structure effects on both sides is formed.

With the method according to the invention, all types of fabrics can be produced. In particular, these are flat shapes such as slabs or tiles, but curved or spherical shapes can also be produced. The products are used in particular

Wall, ceiling or furniture cladding but also for example for floor coverings. Especially in this area of application, but also in others where, in addition to the decorative effects, insensitivity to mechanical, chemical or other influences is also important Arrangement of a protective layer (7), as shown for example in Figure 6, can be very advantageous. This protective layer, which in turn can consist of a hardenable lacquer or resin, is applied directly to the separating layer (2) and molds the structure of the negative material. This protective layer provides after the product has been detached from the

Negative material is the surface of the product and is therefore preferably colorlessly transparent. The type of application of the individual layers or materials is known per se to the person skilled in the art. In particular with liquid materials, this can e.g. by brushing, rolling, spraying, dipping or pouring.

Depending on the materials used in particular for the core, the products produced by the process according to the invention can be processed using all customary processes, such as Machining saws, cutting, milling, drilling and other shaping processes and can therefore be used in a practically unlimited number of ways.

Claims

1. A process for the production of colored flat decorative materials, a separating layer and at least one pigment- and / or dye-containing curable resin layer being applied to a structuring negative material and the resin layer being detached from the negative material after curing, and wherein at least one of the Resin layers contain a flaky effect pigment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a lamination layer is also applied to the resin layer.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an adhesive layer and a core is additionally applied.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the core is provided on both sides with an adhesive and a lamination layer.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a transparent protective layer is then applied to the separating layer.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a planar pattern is inserted in at least one of the pigment and / or dye-containing curable resin layers.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the sequence of negative material / separation layer / if necessary. Protective layer / resin layer containing pigment / if necessary. Laminating layer / possibly adhesive layer / core is repeated on the other side of the core in reverse order.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that glass is used as negative material.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that a mica pigment coated with metal oxides is used as the platelet-shaped effect pigment.

10. A decorative plate or tile produced by the method of one of claims 1 to 9.