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EP0638478B1 - Device for removing receptacles from containers - Google Patents

Device for removing receptacles from containers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0638478B1
EP0638478B1 EP94109698A EP94109698A EP0638478B1 EP 0638478 B1 EP0638478 B1 EP 0638478B1 EP 94109698 A EP94109698 A EP 94109698A EP 94109698 A EP94109698 A EP 94109698A EP 0638478 B1 EP0638478 B1 EP 0638478B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveyor
receptacle
transport container
gripping elements
container conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94109698A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0638478A1 (en
Inventor
Hermann Dr.-Ing. Kronseder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
Original Assignee
Krones AG
Krones AG Hermann Kronseder Maschinenfabrik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krones AG, Krones AG Hermann Kronseder Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Krones AG
Publication of EP0638478A1 publication Critical patent/EP0638478A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0638478B1 publication Critical patent/EP0638478B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B21/00—Packaging or unpacking of bottles
    • B65B21/02—Packaging or unpacking of bottles in or from preformed containers, e.g. crates
    • B65B21/08—Introducing or removing single bottles, or groups of bottles, e.g. for progressive filling or emptying of containers
    • B65B21/12—Introducing or removing single bottles, or groups of bottles, e.g. for progressive filling or emptying of containers using grippers engaging bottles, e.g. bottle necks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B21/00—Packaging or unpacking of bottles
    • B65B21/02—Packaging or unpacking of bottles in or from preformed containers, e.g. crates
    • B65B21/14—Introducing or removing groups of bottles, for filling or emptying containers in one operation
    • B65B21/18—Introducing or removing groups of bottles, for filling or emptying containers in one operation using grippers engaging bottles, e.g. bottle necks
    • B65B21/183—Introducing or removing groups of bottles, for filling or emptying containers in one operation using grippers engaging bottles, e.g. bottle necks the grippers moving in an endless path

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for removing vessels from transport containers according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the effort required for sorting the empties.
  • an unpacking machine designed according to the features of claim 1 takes up less space due to its more compact design.
  • a plurality of crossbeams that run at a distance from one another on a closed path can also be provided, each holding different groups of gripping elements.
  • the traverses can run in a horizontal or vertical plane, a particularly user-friendly design of the unpacking machine which requires little floor space being able to be realized with a vertical circulation plane.
  • the gripping elements each forming a group can be specially designed to automatically recognize the desired feature of a bottle and, if this feature is present, to trigger the gripping function so that this bottle can subsequently be lifted out of the box.
  • all groups can consist of similar gripping elements, which, however, can be selectively actuated by a detection device arranged in a stationary manner on the box conveyor of the unpacking machine.
  • the suspension 5 is designed as a cam-controlled lever mechanism and has a total of four levers 11, 12, 13 and 14, the levers 11 and 12 being articulated on a vertical frame plate 15. Also mounted on the frame plate 15 is a cam disk 16 which can be driven continuously around an axis of rotation 17 by a drive (not shown) and which is equipped with a groove curve 18 on its side facing away from the viewer.
  • cam disk 16 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a cam disk 21, on the outer contour of which a cam roller 23, which is fastened with the lever 12 movably mounted about a pivot axis 22, bears.
  • the lever 14 holding the cross member 4 is articulated on the controlled lever 11 and is supported by the lever 13, which in turn is articulated on the likewise controlled lever 12.
  • One end point of the hook-shaped path 8 is assigned to a vessel removal station Ia, Ib and the second end point to a vessel delivery station IIa, IIb.
  • Transport containers to be unpacked in this case bottle crates 2 are supplied to the container removal station by one, or if necessary several, box conveyors 6.
  • the container discharge station II a, II b are container or bottle conveyors 7 a, 7 b assigned.
  • the box conveyor 6 has two conveyor tracks, i.e. two rows of boxes can be fed to the unpacking machine at the same time. This measure increases the unpacking capacity. A further increase in performance is achieved by feeding several boxes in a row per unpacking cycle.
  • the unpacking machine shown schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3 carries on its common crossbar 4 two gripping elements 3a and 3b forming different groups A and B, each of these two groups A and B having the same number (each 24 pieces) of gripping elements.
  • the difference between the gripping elements 3a of group A and the gripping elements 3b of group B lies in the fact that the gripping function of the gripping elements 3a can be triggered selectively, in particular automatically, depending on the presence of a certain characteristic of the bottles 1 in the box 2, that is to say, for example only bottles with a certain height detected, while in the group B forming gripping elements 3b with each work cycle Gripping function is triggered in order to be able to grasp all bottles remaining in the bottle crates after passing through group A.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 A complete unpacking cycle of all the bottles 1 in a box 2 is explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3: Boxes 6 containing empty bottles 1 containing empty bottles 1 are fed to the first container removal station 1 a in two parallel rows by the box conveyor 6. The box conveyor 6 is stopped in order to remove bottles 1a having a certain characteristic, for example a certain bottle height.
  • the controlled suspension 5 of the unpacking machine lowers the traverse 4 with the gripping elements 3a attached to it, forming the group A, onto the bottles 1 standing in the boxes 2. All bottles 1a, for example having a certain height, automatically trigger the gripping function of the respectively assigned gripping element 3a, as a result of which these bottles 1a are grasped and held, for example, at the head region.
  • the traverse 4 is raised by the controlled suspension 5 and transferred on the hook-shaped path 8 in the direction of the vessel delivery station IIa.
  • the drive of the box conveyor 6 is started in order to forward the four bottle boxes 2 located in the container removal station 1 a by two box lengths to the second container removal station 1 b.
  • bottle crates are again fed to the first vessel removal station Ia.
  • the crate conveyor 6 is stopped again.
  • the bottles 1a held by the gripping elements 3a forming the group A are placed on the Bottle conveyor 7a turned off, which stands still at this moment.
  • the bottle conveyor 7a is started in the conveying direction Ga in order to feed the bottles 1a to a filling line, for example via a bottle cleaning machine. Thereafter, the traverse 4 is returned through the suspension 5 transverse to the longitudinal extent of the box conveyor 2 on the hook-shaped path 8 to the vessel removal stations Ia and Ib, whereby in the area of the vessel removal station Ia again certain bottles 1a are gripped by the gripping elements of group A in the manner described above , and at the same time the gripping elements 3b forming the group B are transferred into the gripping position, so that all bottles 1b remaining in the bottle crates 1b in the bottle crates 2 are grasped and subsequently placed on the vessel conveyor 7b in the area of the tube dispensing station IIb.
  • the bottle conveyor 7b is also driven in cycles, in the conveying direction Gb, in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the bottle conveyor 7a. This bottle conveyor 7b can lead,
  • the bottle conveyors assigned to the different groups of gripping elements can be arranged transversely to the box conveyor with their longitudinal extent. This is particularly useful if more than two groups of different gripping elements are to be used.
  • the trajectory of the crossmember 4 can pass through a corresponding configuration of the curve control of the suspension 5 are designed so that the bottles can be placed on continuously driven bottle conveyor belts in the area of the vessel dispensing stations.
  • the crossmember 4 must have a movement component in the conveying direction of the bottle conveyor belts during the settling process.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 could also be modified such that the gripping elements 3a and 3b forming the different groups A and B are arranged in two lines next to one another on the crossmember.
  • the bottle crates could initially be fed in a single track to a first group of gripping elements that only grasp certain bottles, then transported away from the machine and then laterally displaced in the opposite direction to the unpacking machine in order to remove the bottles still remaining in the bottle crates by the second group of gripping elements.
  • each of the traverses 4 is fastened to a continuously rotatable carrier 11 by means of a positively controlled suspension 5 '.
  • the suspensions 5 ' are designed as lever gears, which are each formed from four levers 103, 104, 105 and 106.
  • the lever 104 holding the traverse is articulated on the lever 103, which in turn is pivotally attached to the carrier 11.
  • the levers 103 and 105 held by the carrier 11 are equipped with a cam roller 103a and 105a, respectively.
  • the groove curves required to control the levers 103 and 105 are formed in the side of a plate 100 which is fixed to the frame and which faces the support 11.
  • the center lines of the curve are indicated by dash-dotted lines and designated 101 and 102, respectively.
  • the carrier 11 is rotatably mounted on the plate 100 fixed to the frame.
  • the bottle crates 2 are fed to the gripping elements 3 by a crate conveyor 6 which can be driven synchronously with the power and position to the traverses 4 rotating in a vertical plane.
  • a bottle conveyor 7 Aligned above the box conveyor 6 is a bottle conveyor 7 which is aligned in parallel and can also be driven continuously in synchronism with the revolving traverses 4.
  • the packaging machine described so far is known per se from European laid-open specification O 490 084.
  • the special feature is that two different groups A and B of gripping elements 3a and 3b are arranged next to one another on each of the traverses 4 transversely to the circumferential plane (FIG. 5).
  • the gripping elements 3a forming the first group A are intended to remove only a certain feature, for example bottles having a certain bottle height, from the bottle crates 2 and to deliver them to an assigned bottle conveyor 7a (Fig. 6).
  • the crates passed by the crate conveyor 6a past the first container removal station 1a after being acted upon by the gripping elements 3a forming group A at the outlet of the machine by a machine shown in FIG 6 recognizable crate conveyor loop 40 of the unpacking machine laterally offset again, the bottle crates 2 being transferred to a second crate conveyor 6b running parallel to the first crate conveyor 6a.
  • the box conveyor loop 40 crosses the first box conveyor 6a with a sufficient height offset.
  • the second box conveyor 6b adjoining the box conveyor loop 40 has a gradient in the conveying direction F which is dimensioned such that the bottle crates standing on the second box conveyor 6b are again at the same height as those through the first when the second vessel removal station 1b is reached Box conveyors 6a transported bottle boxes.
  • the bottle boxes 2 can be fed to the unpacking machine a second time to remove the bottles 1b still remaining in the bottle box through the gripping elements 3b forming the group B, the bottles 1b being detected in the region of the second container removal station 1 b and subsequently at the container discharge station IIb are placed on the assigned bottle conveyor 7b. If a unpacking machine is to be equipped with more than two different groups of gripping elements, further box conveyor loops must be provided accordingly.
  • Both the box and bottle conveyors are each equipped with indicated guide rails in both exemplary embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Specific Conveyance Elements (AREA)
  • Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Wrapping Of Specific Fragile Articles (AREA)
  • De-Stacking Of Articles (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Entnehmen von Gefäßen aus Transportbehältern gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for removing vessels from transport containers according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei modernen Mehrweganlagen der Getränkeindustrie ist vor der Wiederbefüllung von Flaschen eine Sortierung nach Flaschensorten und Fremdflaschen gebräuchlich. Zu diesem Zweck werden die üblicherweise in Flaschenkästen transportierten Leerflaschen aus diesen entnommen und einer in der Regel mit optisch arbeitenden Erkennungssystemen ausgerüsteten Sortieranlage zugeführt.In modern reusable systems in the beverage industry, sorting by bottle type and foreign bottle is customary before refilling bottles. For this purpose, the empty bottles usually transported in bottle crates are removed from them and fed to a sorting system which is generally equipped with optically operating detection systems.

Anstelle dessen wurde aber auch schon vorgeschlagen, die Sortierung der Flaschen nach bestimmten Merkmalen bereits in Verbindung mit dem Auspackvorgang vorzunehmen, wodurch eine spezielle Sortiermaschine entfallen kann. Dies geschieht dadurch, daß die einzelnen Flaschenkästen nacheinander mehreren Auspackmaschinen zugeführt werden, wobei bei jeder dieser Auspackmaschinen nur jeweils ein bestimmtes Merkmal, z.B. Flaschenhöhe, aufweisende Flaschen aus einem Kasten entnommen werden, während alle übrigen Flaschen im Kasten verbleiben bzw. erst von einer nachfolgenden Packmaschine erfaßt werden. Nachteiligerweise erfordert diese Lösung mehrere Auspackmaschinen (DE 25 34 183 C3).Instead of this, however, it has already been proposed to sort the bottles according to certain characteristics in connection with the unpacking process, which means that a special sorting machine can be dispensed with. This is done in that the individual bottle crates are fed to several unpacking machines one after the other, with each of these unpacking machines having only one specific feature, For example, bottle height, bottles are removed from a box, while all other bottles remain in the box or are only recorded by a subsequent packaging machine. This solution disadvantageously requires several unpacking machines (DE 25 34 183 C3).

Ausgehend von dem zuletzt genannten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den zum Sortieren des Leerguts erforderlichen Aufwand zu verringern.Starting from the last-mentioned prior art, the object of the invention is to reduce the effort required for sorting the empties.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Durch die Verwendung einer gemeinsamen Traverse für die verschiedenen Gruppen von Greifelementen ist bei einer derartigen Auspackmaschine der antriebstechnische Aufwand nicht größer als bei einer konventionellen Auspackmaschine. Im Vergleich zu mehreren hintereinander angeordneten einzelnen Packmaschinen beansprucht eine nach den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 ausgeführte Auspackmaschine durch ihre kompaktere Bauweise weniger Platz. Zur Erzielung hoher Auspackleistungen können auch mehrere, mit Abstand zueinander auf einer geschlossenen Bahn umlaufende Traversen vorgesehen werden, die jeweils unterschiedliche Gruppen von Greifelementen halten. Die Traversen können in einer horizontalen oder vertikalen Ebene umlaufen, wobei sich bei einer vertikalen Umlaufebene eine besonders bedienungsfreundliche und nur wenig Stellfläche erfordernde Bauform der Auspackmaschine realisieren läßt.Due to the use of a common traverse for the different groups of gripping elements, the drive-related effort in such an unpacking machine is not greater than in a conventional unpacking machine. Compared to several individual packing machines arranged one behind the other, an unpacking machine designed according to the features of claim 1 takes up less space due to its more compact design. In order to achieve high unpacking capacities, a plurality of crossbeams that run at a distance from one another on a closed path can also be provided, each holding different groups of gripping elements. The traverses can run in a horizontal or vertical plane, a particularly user-friendly design of the unpacking machine which requires little floor space being able to be realized with a vertical circulation plane.

Zur Erkennung eines bestimmten Merkmales, z.B. Flaschenhöhe, Mündungsdurchmesser oder Schulterkontur, können die jeweils eine Gruppe bildenden Greifelemente speziell ausgestaltet sein, um selbsttätig das gewünschte Merkmal einer Flasche zu erkennen und bei Vorhandensein dieses Merkmals die Greiffunktion auszulösen, damit diese Flasche aus dem Kasten nachfolgend herausgehoben werden kann.To recognize a certain feature, e.g. Bottle height, mouth diameter or shoulder contour, the gripping elements each forming a group can be specially designed to automatically recognize the desired feature of a bottle and, if this feature is present, to trigger the gripping function so that this bottle can subsequently be lifted out of the box.

Alternativ dazu können alle Gruppen aus gleichartigen Greifelementen bestehen, die aber durch eine am Kastenförderer der Auspackmaschine stationär vorgeordnete Erkennungseinrichtung selektiv ansteuerbar sind.As an alternative to this, all groups can consist of similar gripping elements, which, however, can be selectively actuated by a detection device arranged in a stationary manner on the box conveyor of the unpacking machine.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous further developments are the subject of the subclaims.

Nachfolgend werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Figuren erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
die schematische Seitenansicht einer Auspackmaschine nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel aus der in Fig. 2 angedeuteten Blickrichtung Z ,
Fig. 2
die schematische Draufsicht der Auspackmaschine nach Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine Teilansicht der Auspackmaschine aus der Blickrichtung Y in Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
eine Auspackmaschine nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht aus der Blickrichtung X in Fig. 6,
Fig. 5
eine Ansicht der Transporteinrichtungen der Auspackmaschine nach Fig. 4 aus der Blickrichtung W betrachtet, und
Fig. 6
eine schematische Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Auspackmaschine mit den zugeordneten Transporteinrichtungen.
Two exemplary embodiments are explained below with reference to the figures. It shows:
Fig. 1
2 shows the schematic side view of an unpacking machine according to a first exemplary embodiment from the viewing direction Z indicated in FIG. 2,
Fig. 2
1 shows the schematic top view of the unpacking machine according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a partial view of the unpacking machine from the viewing direction Y in FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
6 shows a unpacking machine according to a second embodiment in a side view from the viewing direction X in FIG. 6,
Fig. 5
a view of the transport devices of the unpacking machine according to FIG. 4 viewed from the viewing direction W, and
Fig. 6
is a schematic plan view of the unpacking machine shown in Fig. 4 with the associated transport devices.

Wie aus der Fig. 1 erkennbar, werden die Greifelemente 3 von einer Traverse 4 gehalten, die mittels einer zwangsgesteuerten Aufhängung 5 auf einer hakenförmigen Bahn 8 abwechselnd vor- und zurückbewegt wird. Die Aufhängung 5 ist als ein kurvengesteuertes Hebelgetriebe ausgebildet und besitzt insgesamt vier Hebel 11, 12, 13 und 14, wobei die Hebel 11 und 12 an einer senkrechtstehenden Gestellplatte 15 angelenkt sind. An der Gestellplatte 15 ist außerdem eine durch einen nicht dargestellten Antrieb um eine Drehachse 17 kontinuierlich umlaufend antreibbare Kurvenscheibe 16 gelagert, die an ihrer vom Betrachter abgewandten Seite mit einer Nutkurve 18 ausgestattet ist. In diese Nutkurve 18 greift eine an dem um die Schwenkachse 19 beweglich gelagerten Hebel 11 befestigte Kurvenrolle 20 ein. Ferner ist die Kurvenscheibe 16 verdrehfest mit einer Nockenscheibe 21 verbunden, an deren Außenkontur eine mit dem um eine Schwenkachse 22 beweglich gelagerten Hebel 12 befestigte Kurvenrolle 23 anliegt. Der die Traverse 4 haltende Hebel 14 ist an dem gesteuerten Hebel 11 angelenkt und wird durch den Hebel 13 abgestützt, der seinerseits wiederum an dem ebenfalls gesteuerten Hebel 12 angelenkt ist.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the gripping elements 3 are held by a traverse 4 which is moved back and forth alternately on a hook-shaped path 8 by means of a positively controlled suspension 5. The suspension 5 is designed as a cam-controlled lever mechanism and has a total of four levers 11, 12, 13 and 14, the levers 11 and 12 being articulated on a vertical frame plate 15. Also mounted on the frame plate 15 is a cam disk 16 which can be driven continuously around an axis of rotation 17 by a drive (not shown) and which is equipped with a groove curve 18 on its side facing away from the viewer. A cam roller 20, which is attached to the lever 11 movably mounted about the pivot axis 19, engages in this groove curve 18. Furthermore, the cam disk 16 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a cam disk 21, on the outer contour of which a cam roller 23, which is fastened with the lever 12 movably mounted about a pivot axis 22, bears. The lever 14 holding the cross member 4 is articulated on the controlled lever 11 and is supported by the lever 13, which in turn is articulated on the likewise controlled lever 12.

Ein Endpunkt der hakenförmigen Bahn 8 ist einer Gefäßentnahmestation Ia, Ib und der zweite Endpunkt einer Gefäßabgabestation IIa, IIb zugeordnet. Die Zufuhr von auszupackenden Transportbehältern, in diesem Fall Flaschenkästen 2, zur Gefäßentnahmestation erfolgt durch einen, oder erforderlichenfalls mehrere, Kastenförderer 6. Zur Abfuhr der aus den Flaschenkästen entnommenen Flaschen 1a, 1b sind der Gefäßabgabestation IIa, IIb Gefäß- bzw. Flaschenförderer 7a, 7b zugeordnet.One end point of the hook-shaped path 8 is assigned to a vessel removal station Ia, Ib and the second end point to a vessel delivery station IIa, IIb. Transport containers to be unpacked, in this case bottle crates 2, are supplied to the container removal station by one, or if necessary several, box conveyors 6. To remove the bottles 1 a, 1 b removed from the bottle crates, the container discharge station II a, II b are container or bottle conveyors 7 a, 7 b assigned.

Aus den Fig. 1 und 2 ist ersichtlich, daß der Kastenförderer 6 zwei Förderspuren besitzt, d.h. zwei Kastenreihen gleichzeitig der Auspackmaschine zugeführt werden können. Durch diese Maßnahme wird eine Erhöhung der Auspackleistung erreicht. Eine weitere Leistungssteigerung wird durch die Zufuhr mehrerer hintereinander stehender Kästen pro Auspackzyklus erzielt.1 and 2 it can be seen that the box conveyor 6 has two conveyor tracks, i.e. two rows of boxes can be fed to the unpacking machine at the same time. This measure increases the unpacking capacity. A further increase in performance is achieved by feeding several boxes in a row per unpacking cycle.

Die in den Fig. 1 bis 3 schematisch dargestellte Auspackmaschine trägt an ihrer gemeinsamen Traverse 4 zwei verschiedene Gruppen A und B bildende Greifelemente 3a und 3b, wobei jede dieser beiden Gruppen A und B die gleiche Anzahl (jeweils 24 Stück) von Greifelementen aufweist. Der Unterschied der Greifelemente 3a der Gruppe A zu den Greifelementen 3b der Gruppe B liegt darin, daß die Greiffunktion der Greifelemente 3a selektiv, insbesondere selbsttätig, in Abhängigkeit des Vorliegens eines bestimmten Merkmals der im Kasten 2 befindlichen Flaschen 1 auslösbar ist, d.h. es werden beispielsweise nur Flaschen mit einer bestimmten Höhe erfaßt, während bei den die Gruppe B bildenden Greifelementen 3b bei jedem Arbeitstakt die Greiffunktion ausgelöst wird, um alle nach dem Passieren der Gruppe A noch in den Flaschenkästen verbliebenen Flaschen erfassen zu können.The unpacking machine shown schematically in FIGS. 1 to 3 carries on its common crossbar 4 two gripping elements 3a and 3b forming different groups A and B, each of these two groups A and B having the same number (each 24 pieces) of gripping elements. The difference between the gripping elements 3a of group A and the gripping elements 3b of group B lies in the fact that the gripping function of the gripping elements 3a can be triggered selectively, in particular automatically, depending on the presence of a certain characteristic of the bottles 1 in the box 2, that is to say, for example only bottles with a certain height detected, while in the group B forming gripping elements 3b with each work cycle Gripping function is triggered in order to be able to grasp all bottles remaining in the bottle crates after passing through group A.

Nachfolgend wird ein vollständiger Auspackzyklus aller in einem Kasten 2 befindlichen Flaschen 1 anhand der Fig. 1 bis 3 erläutert: Durch den Kastenförderer 6 werden in zwei parallelen Reihen leere Flaschen 1 enthaltende Kästen 2 der ersten Gefäßentnahmestation Ia zugeführt. Zum Entnehmen von ein bestimmtes Merkmal, z.B. eine bestimmte Flaschenhöhe, aufweisenden Flaschen 1a wird der Kastenförderer 6 angehalten. Die gesteuerte Aufhängung 5 der Auspackmaschine senkt die Traverse 4 mit den daran hängenden, die Gruppe A bildenden Greifelementen 3a auf die in den Kästen 2 stehenden Flaschen 1 ab. Alle beispielsweise eine bestimmte Höhe aufweisenden Flaschen 1a lösen selbsttätig die Greiffunktion des jeweils zugeordneten Greifelements 3a aus, wodurch diese Flaschen 1a beispielsweise am Kopfbereich erfaßt und festgehalten werden. Nachfolgend wird die Traverse 4 durch die gesteuerte Aufhängung 5 angehoben und auf der hakenförmigen Bahn 8 in Richtung zur Gefäßabgabestation IIa überführt. Während dessen wird der Antrieb des Kastenförderers 6 gestartet, um zwischenzeitlich die in der Gefäßentnahmestation Ia befindlichen vier Flaschenkästen 2 um zwei Kastenlängen zur zweiten Gefäßentnahmestation Ib weiterzuleiten. Dabei werden gleichzeitig auch der ersten Gefäßentnahmestation Ia erneut Flaschenkästen zugeführt. Sobald die Flaschenkästen 2 die zugewiesenen Positionen erreicht haben, wird der Kastenförderer 6 erneut angehalten. Zeitgleich zu diesem Vorgang werden die von den die Gruppe A bildenden Greifelementen 3a gehaltenen Flaschen 1a auf den Flaschenförderer 7a abgestellt, der in diesem Moment stillsteht. Unmittelbar nach dem Lösen der Greifstellung der Greifelemente 3a und Abheben von den Flaschenköpfen wird der Flaschenförderer 7a in Förderrichtung Ga in Gang gesetzt, um die Flaschen 1a einer Füllinie, z.B. über eine Flaschenreinigungsmaschine, zuzuführen. Danach wird die Traverse 4 durch die Aufhängung 5 quer zur Längserstreckung des Kastenförderers 2 auf der hakenförmigen Bahn 8 zu den Gefäßentnahmestationen Ia und Ib rücküberführt, wobei im Bereich der Gefäßentnahmestation Ia wieder in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise bestimmte Flaschen 1a von den Greifelementen der Gruppe A erfaßt, und gleichzeitig auch die die Gruppe B bildenden Greifelemente 3b in die Greifstellung überführt werden, so daß alle noch im Bereich der Gefäßentnahmestationen Ib in den Flaschenkästen 2 verbliebenen Flaschen 1b erfaßt und darauffolgend im Bereich der Gefäßabgabestation IIb auf den Gefäßförderer 7b abgestellt werden. Auch der Flaschenförderer 7b wird taktweise angetrieben, und zwar in Förderrichtung Gb, gegensinnig zur Förderrichtung des Flaschenförderers 7a. Dieser Flaschenförderer 7b kann beispielsweise zu einem Flaschenlager oder Sammelbehälter führen.A complete unpacking cycle of all the bottles 1 in a box 2 is explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3: Boxes 6 containing empty bottles 1 containing empty bottles 1 are fed to the first container removal station 1 a in two parallel rows by the box conveyor 6. The box conveyor 6 is stopped in order to remove bottles 1a having a certain characteristic, for example a certain bottle height. The controlled suspension 5 of the unpacking machine lowers the traverse 4 with the gripping elements 3a attached to it, forming the group A, onto the bottles 1 standing in the boxes 2. All bottles 1a, for example having a certain height, automatically trigger the gripping function of the respectively assigned gripping element 3a, as a result of which these bottles 1a are grasped and held, for example, at the head region. Subsequently, the traverse 4 is raised by the controlled suspension 5 and transferred on the hook-shaped path 8 in the direction of the vessel delivery station IIa. During this time, the drive of the box conveyor 6 is started in order to forward the four bottle boxes 2 located in the container removal station 1 a by two box lengths to the second container removal station 1 b. At the same time, bottle crates are again fed to the first vessel removal station Ia. As soon as the bottle crates 2 have reached the assigned positions, the crate conveyor 6 is stopped again. Simultaneously with this process, the bottles 1a held by the gripping elements 3a forming the group A are placed on the Bottle conveyor 7a turned off, which stands still at this moment. Immediately after loosening the gripping position of the gripping elements 3a and lifting them off the bottle heads, the bottle conveyor 7a is started in the conveying direction Ga in order to feed the bottles 1a to a filling line, for example via a bottle cleaning machine. Thereafter, the traverse 4 is returned through the suspension 5 transverse to the longitudinal extent of the box conveyor 2 on the hook-shaped path 8 to the vessel removal stations Ia and Ib, whereby in the area of the vessel removal station Ia again certain bottles 1a are gripped by the gripping elements of group A in the manner described above , and at the same time the gripping elements 3b forming the group B are transferred into the gripping position, so that all bottles 1b remaining in the bottle crates 1b in the bottle crates 2 are grasped and subsequently placed on the vessel conveyor 7b in the area of the tube dispensing station IIb. The bottle conveyor 7b is also driven in cycles, in the conveying direction Gb, in the opposite direction to the conveying direction of the bottle conveyor 7a. This bottle conveyor 7b can lead, for example, to a bottle store or collecting container.

Abweichend von dem in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel können die den verschiedenen Gruppen von Greifelementen zugeordneten Flaschenförderer mit ihrer Längserstreckung quer zum Kastenförderer angeordnet werden. Dies ist vor allem dann sinnvoll, wenn mehr als zwei Gruppen von verschiedenen Greifelementen zum Einsatz kommen sollen. Bei einer derartigen Anordnung der Flaschen- und Kastenförderer kann die Bewegungsbahn der Traverse 4 durch eine entsprechende Ausgestaltung der Kurvensteuerung der Aufhängung 5 so ausgebildet werden, daß die Flaschen im Bereich der Gefäßabgabestationen auf kontinuierlich angetriebene Flaschenförderbänder aufgesetzt werden können. Dazu muß die Traverse 4 während des Absetzvorganges eine Bewegungskomponente in Förderrichtung der Flaschenförderbänder aufweisen.In a departure from the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the bottle conveyors assigned to the different groups of gripping elements can be arranged transversely to the box conveyor with their longitudinal extent. This is particularly useful if more than two groups of different gripping elements are to be used. With such an arrangement of the bottle and box conveyors, the trajectory of the crossmember 4 can pass through a corresponding configuration of the curve control of the suspension 5 are designed so that the bottles can be placed on continuously driven bottle conveyor belts in the area of the vessel dispensing stations. For this purpose, the crossmember 4 must have a movement component in the conveying direction of the bottle conveyor belts during the settling process.

Das in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel könnte ferner dahingehend abgewandelt werden, daß die die verschiedenen Gruppen A und B bildenden Greifelemente 3a und 3b in zwei Linien nebeneinander an der Traverse angeordnet sind. Dadurch könnten die Flaschenkästen zunächst einspurig einer nur bestimmte Flaschen erfassenden ersten Gruppe von Greifelementen zugeführt, danach von der Maschine abtransportiert und anschließend seitlich versetzt der Auspackmaschine in entgegengesetzter Richtung zum Herausnehmen der noch in den Flaschenkästen verbliebenen Flaschen durch die zweite Gruppe von Greifelementen erneut zugeführt werden.The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 could also be modified such that the gripping elements 3a and 3b forming the different groups A and B are arranged in two lines next to one another on the crossmember. As a result, the bottle crates could initially be fed in a single track to a first group of gripping elements that only grasp certain bottles, then transported away from the machine and then laterally displaced in the opposite direction to the unpacking machine in order to remove the bottles still remaining in the bottle crates by the second group of gripping elements.

Die Fig. 4 bis 6 zeigen eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Auspackmaschine mit mehreren, mit gleichbleibendem Umlaufsinn auf einer geschlossenen Bahn 9 umlaufenden Traversen 4. Jede der Traversen 4 ist mittels einer zwangsgesteuerten Aufhängung 5' an einem kontinuierlich umlaufend antreibbaren Träger 11 befestigt. Die Aufhängungen 5' sind als Hebelgetriebe ausgeführt, die jeweils aus vier Hebeln 103, 104, 105 und 106 gebildet werden. Der die Traverse haltende Hebel 104 ist am Hebel 103 angelenkt, der seinerseits schwenkbar am Träger 11 befestigt ist. Außerdem greift am Hebel 104 mittels einem Schwenkgelenk der Hebel 106 an, der wiederum über den Hebel 105 mit dem Träger 11 gelenkig verbunden ist. Die vom Träger 11 gehaltenen Hebel 103 und 105 sind mit einer Kurvenrolle 103a bzw. 105a ausgestattet. Die zur Steuerung der Hebel 103 und 105 erforderlichen Nutkurven sind in die zum Träger 11 weisenden Seite einer gestellfest angeordneten Platte 100 eingeformt. Die Kurvenmittelpunktsbahnen sind strichpunktiert angedeutet und mit 101 bzw. 102 bezeichnet. An der gestellfesten Platte 100 ist zugleich der Träger 11 drehbar gelagert.4 to 6 show a continuously operating unpacking machine with a plurality of traverses 4 rotating with a constant direction of rotation on a closed path 9. Each of the traverses 4 is fastened to a continuously rotatable carrier 11 by means of a positively controlled suspension 5 '. The suspensions 5 'are designed as lever gears, which are each formed from four levers 103, 104, 105 and 106. The lever 104 holding the traverse is articulated on the lever 103, which in turn is pivotally attached to the carrier 11. also acts on the lever 104 by means of a swivel joint of the lever 106, which in turn is connected in an articulated manner to the carrier 11 via the lever 105. The levers 103 and 105 held by the carrier 11 are equipped with a cam roller 103a and 105a, respectively. The groove curves required to control the levers 103 and 105 are formed in the side of a plate 100 which is fixed to the frame and which faces the support 11. The center lines of the curve are indicated by dash-dotted lines and designated 101 and 102, respectively. At the same time, the carrier 11 is rotatably mounted on the plate 100 fixed to the frame.

Wie aus der Fig. 4 zu erkennen ist, werden die Flaschenkästen 2 durch einen leistungs- und stellungssynchron zu den in einer vertikalen Ebene umlaufenden Traversen 4 antreibbaren Kastenförderer 6 den Greifelementen 3 zugeführt. Über dem Kastenförderer 6 ist fluchtend ein parallel ausgerichteter, ebenfalls kontinuierlich synchron zu den umlaufenden Traversen 4 antreibbarer Flaschenförderer 7 angeordnet. Die soweit beschriebene Packmaschine ist aus der europäischen Offenlegungsschrift O 490 084 an sich bekannt.As can be seen from FIG. 4, the bottle crates 2 are fed to the gripping elements 3 by a crate conveyor 6 which can be driven synchronously with the power and position to the traverses 4 rotating in a vertical plane. Aligned above the box conveyor 6 is a bottle conveyor 7 which is aligned in parallel and can also be driven continuously in synchronism with the revolving traverses 4. The packaging machine described so far is known per se from European laid-open specification O 490 084.

Die Besonderheit besteht nun darin, daß an jeder der Traversen 4 quer zur Umlaufebene zwei verschiedene Gruppen A und B von Greifelementen 3a und 3b nebeneinander angeordnet sind (Fig. 5). Wie in dem zuvor beschriebenen und in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sollen durch die die erste Gruppe A bildenden Greifelemente 3a nur ein bestimmtes Merkmal, z.B. eine bestimmte Flaschenhöhe aufweisende Flaschen, aus den Flaschenkästen 2 entnommen und an einen zugeordneten Flaschenförderer 7a abgegeben werden (Fig. 6). Um die danach noch in einem Flaschenkasten 2 evtl. verbliebenen Flaschen 1b auspacken zu können, werden die durch den Kastenförderer 6a an der ersten Gefäßentnahmestation Ia vorbeigeführten Kästen nach der Beaufschlagung durch die die Gruppe A bildenden Greifelemente 3a am Auslauf der Maschine durch eine in der Fig. 6 erkennbare Kastenförderschleife 40 der Auspackmaschine seitlich versetzt erneut zugeführt, wobei die Flaschenkästen 2 an einen parallel zum ersten Kastenförderer 6a verlaufenden zweiten Kastenförderer 6b übergeben werden. Die Kastenförderschleife 40 kreuzt den ersten Kastenförderer 6a mit einem ausreichenden Höhenversatz. Der sich an die Kastenförderschleife 40 anschließende zweite Kastenförderer 6b besitzt in Förderrichtung F ein Gefälle, das so bemessen ist, daß die auf dem zweiten Kastenförderer 6b stehenden Flaschenkästen spätestens bei Erreichen der zweiten Gefäßentnahmestation Ib sich wieder in der gleichen Höhenlage befinden wie die durch den ersten Kastenförderer 6a transportierten Flaschenkästen. Mit Hilfe dieser Kastenförderschleife 40 können die Flaschenkästen 2 der Auspackmaschine ein zweites Mal zum Entnehmen der noch im Flaschenkasten verbliebenen Flaschen 1b durch die die Gruppe B bildenden Greifelemente 3b zugeführt werden, wobei die Flaschen 1b im Bereich der zweiten Gefäßentnahmestation Ib erfaßt und nachfolgend bei der Gefäßabgabestation IIb auf den zugeordneten Flaschenförderer 7b abgestellt werden. Soll eine Auspackmaschine mit mehr als zwei verschiedenen Gruppen von Greifelementen ausgerüstet werden, sind dementsprechend weitere Kastenförderschleifen vorzusehen.The special feature is that two different groups A and B of gripping elements 3a and 3b are arranged next to one another on each of the traverses 4 transversely to the circumferential plane (FIG. 5). As in the exemplary embodiment described above and shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the gripping elements 3a forming the first group A are intended to remove only a certain feature, for example bottles having a certain bottle height, from the bottle crates 2 and to deliver them to an assigned bottle conveyor 7a (Fig. 6). In order to be able to unpack the bottles 1b that may still be left in a bottle crate 2, the crates passed by the crate conveyor 6a past the first container removal station 1a after being acted upon by the gripping elements 3a forming group A at the outlet of the machine by a machine shown in FIG 6 recognizable crate conveyor loop 40 of the unpacking machine laterally offset again, the bottle crates 2 being transferred to a second crate conveyor 6b running parallel to the first crate conveyor 6a. The box conveyor loop 40 crosses the first box conveyor 6a with a sufficient height offset. The second box conveyor 6b adjoining the box conveyor loop 40 has a gradient in the conveying direction F which is dimensioned such that the bottle crates standing on the second box conveyor 6b are again at the same height as those through the first when the second vessel removal station 1b is reached Box conveyors 6a transported bottle boxes. With the aid of this box conveyor loop 40, the bottle boxes 2 can be fed to the unpacking machine a second time to remove the bottles 1b still remaining in the bottle box through the gripping elements 3b forming the group B, the bottles 1b being detected in the region of the second container removal station 1 b and subsequently at the container discharge station IIb are placed on the assigned bottle conveyor 7b. If a unpacking machine is to be equipped with more than two different groups of gripping elements, further box conveyor loops must be provided accordingly.

Sowohl die Kasten- als auch Flaschenförderer sind bei beiden Ausführungsbeispielen jeweils mit angedeuteten Führungsgeländern ausgestattet.Both the box and bottle conveyors are each equipped with indicated guide rails in both exemplary embodiments.

Claims (14)

  1. An apparatus for removing receptacles (1) from transport containers (2), particularly bottles from boxes or cartons, wherein each transport container passes at least two or more groups (A, B) of gripping elements (3a, 3b) and at least one group (A) only detects and removes from the transport containers receptacles (1a) with defined features, characterised in that the different groups (A, B) of gripping elements (3) are held by a common crosshead (4), which can be forcibly steered, by means of a suspension (5, 5'), from a receptacle removal station (Ia, Ib) to a receptacle discharge station (IIa, IIb) and back.
  2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the transport containers (2) can be guided, by a transport container conveyor (6) which can be driven in cycles, past the groups (A, B) of gripping elements (3a, 3b) disposed in series in the conveying direction (F) in such a way that a transport container can be acted upon each time by the different groups (A, B) of gripping elements (3a, 3b).
  3. An apparatus according to either one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the crosshead (4) can be moved in a forcibly steered manner, transverse to the conveying direction (F) of the transport container conveyor (6), from the receptacle removal station (Ia, Ib) to the receptacle discharge station (IIa, IIb) and back on a hook-shaped path (8), and the receptacle discharge station (IIa, IIb) has receptacle discharge conveyors (7a, 7b) which can be driven in cycles and which are associated with the groups (A, B) of gripping elements (3a, 3b), the conveying direction (Ga, Gb) of which discharge conveyors preferably runs parallel to that of the transport container conveyor (6).
  4. An apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that at least one receptacle discharge conveyor (7b) can be driven in the conveying direction (F) of the transport container conveyor (6) and at least one further receptacle discharge conveyor (7a) can be driven in the opposite direction (Ga).
  5. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the crosshead (4) circulates forcibly guided on a closed path (9) with a constant direction of circulation.
  6. An apparatus according to claim 5, characterised in that the crosshead (4) can be moved, transverse to the conveying direction (F) of the transport container conveyor (6), from the receptacle removal station (Ia, Ib) to the receptacle discharge station (IIa, IIb) and back, wherein receptacle discharge conveyors, which can be continuously driven transverse to the conveying direction (F) of the receptacle conveyor (6), are associated with the receptacle discharge station.
  7. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that in the region of the receptacle removal station (Ia, Ib) the groups (A, B) of gripping elements (3a, 3b) are disposed side by side on the crosshead (4) transverse to the conveying direction (F) of the transport container conveyor (6).
  8. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transport container conveyor (6) continuously conveys the transport containers (2) past the receptacle removal station (Ia, Ib).
  9. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transport container conveyor (6) feeds the transport containers (2) in succession to the different groups (A, B) of gripping elements (3a, 3b), in that the transport container conveyor (6) comprises a number of conveyor loops (40) which depends on the number of groups (A, B) present, wherein each loop starts from the output of the unpacking machine and leads back to its input.
  10. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims 7 to 9, characterised in that in the region of the receptacle discharge station (IIa, IIb) the receptacle discharge conveyors (7a, 7b) run in parallel alignment with the transport container conveyor (6) and can be driven in the same direction as the latter.
  11. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the conveying plane of the receptacle discharge conveyor runs above the conveying plane of the transport containers, and in particular the receptacle discharge conveyors are disposed in alignment above the transport container conveyor.
  12. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a plurality of crossheads (4) is disposed displaced in the direction of circulation on a continuously circulating carrier (11).
  13. An apparatus according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the circulating path (8, 9) of a crosshead (4) lies in a vertical plane.
  14. An apparatus according to according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the transport container conveyor (6) comprises a plurality of conveyor tracks running in parallel for the simultaneous feeding of a plurality of rows of transport containers.
EP94109698A 1993-07-23 1994-06-23 Device for removing receptacles from containers Expired - Lifetime EP0638478B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9311046U 1993-07-23
DE9311046U DE9311046U1 (en) 1993-07-23 1993-07-23 Device for removing vessels from transport containers

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EP0638478A1 EP0638478A1 (en) 1995-02-15
EP0638478B1 true EP0638478B1 (en) 1995-08-23

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US (1) US5505311A (en)
EP (1) EP0638478B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07165335A (en)
CN (1) CN1048463C (en)
BR (1) BR9402917A (en)
DE (2) DE9311046U1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9402917A (en) 1995-04-11
DE59400011D1 (en) 1995-09-28
CN1048463C (en) 2000-01-19
JPH07165335A (en) 1995-06-27
US5505311A (en) 1996-04-09
EP0638478A1 (en) 1995-02-15
CN1098695A (en) 1995-02-15
DE9311046U1 (en) 1994-04-21

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