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EP0634972A1 - Process and device for producing a three-dimensional object - Google Patents

Process and device for producing a three-dimensional object

Info

Publication number
EP0634972A1
EP0634972A1 EP94904613A EP94904613A EP0634972A1 EP 0634972 A1 EP0634972 A1 EP 0634972A1 EP 94904613 A EP94904613 A EP 94904613A EP 94904613 A EP94904613 A EP 94904613A EP 0634972 A1 EP0634972 A1 EP 0634972A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
solidified
beams
mirrors
radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94904613A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Johannes Reichle
Hans J. Langer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EOS GmbH
Original Assignee
EOS GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EOS GmbH filed Critical EOS GmbH
Publication of EP0634972A1 publication Critical patent/EP0634972A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/70—Microphotolithographic exposure; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/70416—2.5D lithography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
    • B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/10—Scanning systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/0037—Production of three-dimensional images
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
    • H05K3/0011—Working of insulating substrates or insulating layers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing a three-dimensional object according to the preamble of claim 1 and claim 10.
  • Such a method or device is known from EP-A-0 171 069.
  • the carrier is lowered in a bath of liquid, polymerizable plastic, so that a layer of liquid plastic can form, and this layer is then polymerized or solidified at the corresponding points on the object by irradiation with a laser beam. Since the polymerization requires a certain reaction time, the laser beam cannot be guided over the layer as quickly as desired, so that the production time cannot be shortened as desired.
  • the object of the invention is to reduce the time required for producing the object.
  • a container 1 which is open on its upper side is filled up to a level or a surface 2 with a light-curable, liquid plastic material 3.
  • a support 4 in the area of the plastic 3 with an essentially flat and horizontal support plate 5, which is arranged parallel to the surface 2 and by means of a schematically indicated height adjustment device 6 in the direction perpendicular to the surface 2 or to Carrier plate 5 can be moved and positioned.
  • the height adjustment device is connected to a controller 7 for controlling the displacement position.
  • the object 8 which is constructed from a plurality of layers 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d in the manner described later, is located on the carrier plate.
  • An irradiation device 9 for solidifying the uppermost layer 8d adjoining the surface 2 contains an illumination device 10 with a radiation source 11, which generates a focused beam 13 via optics 12.
  • the radiation source 11 is preferably a light source such as e.g. a laser, but can also be any other source of electromagnetic radiation.
  • a plurality of, for example three, in each case partially radiation-permeable mirrors 14, 15, 16 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the beam 13, each of which is gimbally suspended independently of one another and corresponds to this ⁇ corresponding schematically indicated control devices 17, 18, 19 can be pivoted such that the beam 13 incident on the mirrors 14, 15, 16 is independent of the mirrors 14, 15, 16 as a reflected beam 20, 21, 22 within certain areas of the surface 2 can be positioned.
  • two rotating mirrors, one for each coordinate direction can be used in a known manner.
  • control devices 17, 18, 19 are each connected to the controller 7 for controlling the direction of the beams 20, 21, 22.
  • the data about the shape of the object 8, which was created on the basis of a construction program or the like, are first stored in the controller 7. These data are prepared for the production of the object 8 in such a way that the object is broken down into a plurality of horizontal layers which are thin in comparison to the object dimension and the shape data are available for each layer.
  • the controller 7 controls the height adjustment device 6 such that the surface of the carrier plate 5 is positioned below the surface 2 at a predetermined height corresponding to the thickness of the layer 8a.
  • the controller 7 controls the height adjustment device 6 such that the surface of the carrier plate 5 is positioned below the surface 2 at a predetermined height corresponding to the thickness of the layer 8a.
  • the control device 7 controls the lighting device 9 and in particular the control devices 17, 18, 19 in such a way that the beam 20, 21, 22 reflected by each corresponding mirror 14, 15, 16 strikes predetermined areas of the layer 8a and thus solidified these areas.
  • an edge region of the layer 8a can be solidified by a first beam 21 deflected by the central mirror 15 and the central region of the layer 8a by the two other beams 20, 22.
  • the edge region is solidified in a closed train, which enables an improved, in particular smoother surface of the object without offset.
  • the inner region can then be solidified by the other steels 20, 22 in such a way that these beams alternately sweep along adjacent linear regions or each beam 20, 22 solidifies a separate area or a separate field of the layer. In the latter
  • the mirrors 14 and 16 only have to have a smaller working area or that the size of the layer which can be solidified is increased for the same working area of the mirror. It is important in any case that due to the simultaneous irradiation by means of the beams 20, 21, 22, a plurality of areas corresponding to the number of beams are solidified at the same time, so that the layer 8a is produced in a shortened time despite the constant reaction time of the material.
  • the height adjustment device 6 is lowered by the controller 7 by the amount of the intended thickness of the second layer 8b, so that a liquid layer with the thickness of the second layer 8b forms on the first layer 8a. Thereafter, the control devices 17, 18, 19 are controlled analogously to the first layer to solidify the second layer. The following layers 8c, 8d are produced accordingly.
  • a plurality of radiation sources 11 can also be used be provided in each case an associated mirror or a deflection device for the light beam.
  • a particularly advantageous modification of the described device also consists in that a radiation source and 5 mirrors are provided, four mirrors being arranged in a ring around a fifth, central mirror.
  • Each mirror is provided with a corresponding control or deflection device for the respective light beam and is controlled by the controller 7 to solidify individual areas of the layers 8a ... 8d. It is particularly advantageous if the central mirror is controlled in such a way that it takes over the consolidation of the edge region of the layer in accordance with the mirror 15.
  • the division of the beam 13 and the separate deflection of the partial beams can also be achieved by a plurality of light guides, in one end of which the beam 13 enters and the other end by means of a known x, y shifting device in accordance with Rays 20,21,22 is guided over the surface.
  • Further possible modifications consist in the fact that plastic, metal or plastic-coated metal or ceramic powders are also used instead of the liquid plastic. All suitable methods such as scattering and spraying devices, wipers, rollers etc. can be used to apply a layer of this material. Depending on its properties, the material can also be solidified by other forms of electromagnetic radiation, such as an electron beam or thermal radiation.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)

Abstract

In order to accelerate a process for producing an object by consolidating the object layer after layer by means of electromagnetic radiation, the material which constitutes each layer is consolidated at a plurality of spots at the same time. A device for carrying out the process has an irradiating device (11, 12, 14, 15, 16) which generates a plurality of rays (20, 21, 22), as well as a controlling device (7, 17, 18, 19) which independently directs each of the plurality of rays onto different areas of the concerned layer (8a..8d).

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts Method and device for producing a three-dimensional object
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objekts nach dem Oberbe¬ griff des Anspruchs 1 bzw. des Anspruchs 10.The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a three-dimensional object according to the preamble of claim 1 and claim 10.
Ein derartiges Verfahren bzw. eine derartige Vorrichtung ist aus der EP-A-0 171 069 bekannt. Hierbei wird der Träger in einem Bad aus flüssigem, polymerisierbarem Kunststoff abge¬ senkt, sodaß sich eine Schicht aus flüssigem Kunststoff bil¬ den kann, und diese Schicht wird danach an dem Objekt ent¬ sprechenden Stellen durch Bestrahlen mit einem Laserstrahl polymerisiert bzw. verfestigt. Da die Polymerisation eine be¬ stimmte Reaktionszeit benötigt, kann der Laserstrahl nicht beliebig schnell über die Schicht geführt werden, sodaß die Herstellungzeit nicht beliebig vekürzt werden kann.Such a method or device is known from EP-A-0 171 069. Here, the carrier is lowered in a bath of liquid, polymerizable plastic, so that a layer of liquid plastic can form, and this layer is then polymerized or solidified at the corresponding points on the object by irradiation with a laser beam. Since the polymerization requires a certain reaction time, the laser beam cannot be guided over the layer as quickly as desired, so that the production time cannot be shortened as desired.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, den Zeitaufwand für die Her¬ stellung des Objekts zu verringern.The object of the invention is to reduce the time required for producing the object.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das in Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnete Verfahren bzw. die in Anspruch 10 gekenn¬ zeichnete Vorrichtung gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the method characterized in claim 1 or the device characterized in claim 10.
Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen ge¬ kennzeichnet.Developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird im weiteren anhand eines Ausführungsbei- spiels im Zusammenhang mit der Figur beschrieben, die eine teilweise geschnittene sche atische Ansicht einer Ausfüh- rungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zeigt.The invention is described below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment in connection with the figure, which shows a partially sectioned schematic view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention.
ERSATZBLATT Ein auf seiner Oberseite offener Behälter 1 ist bis zu einem Niveau bzw. einer Oberfläche 2 mit einem lichthärtbaren, flüssigen Kunststoff aterial 3 gefüllt. Im Behälter 1 befin¬ det sich im Bereich des Kunststoffs 3 ein Träger 4 mit einer im wesentlichen ebenen und horizontalen Trägerplatte 5, die parallel zur Oberfläche 2 angeordnet ist und mittels einer schematisch angedeuteten Höheneinstellvorrichtung 6 in Rich¬ tung senkrecht zur Oberfläche 2 bzw. zur Trägerplatte 5 ver¬ schoben und positioniert werden kann. Die Höheneinstellvor- richtung ist mit einer Steuerung 7 zur Steuerung der Verschiebeposition verbunden.REPLACEMENT LEAF A container 1 which is open on its upper side is filled up to a level or a surface 2 with a light-curable, liquid plastic material 3. In the container 1 there is a support 4 in the area of the plastic 3 with an essentially flat and horizontal support plate 5, which is arranged parallel to the surface 2 and by means of a schematically indicated height adjustment device 6 in the direction perpendicular to the surface 2 or to Carrier plate 5 can be moved and positioned. The height adjustment device is connected to a controller 7 for controlling the displacement position.
Auf der Trägerplatte befindet sich das Objekt 8, das aus ei¬ ner Mehrzahl von Schichten 8a, 8b, 8c und 8d in der später beschriebenen Weise aufgebaut wird.The object 8, which is constructed from a plurality of layers 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d in the manner described later, is located on the carrier plate.
Eine Bestrahlungsvorrichtung 9 zum Verfestigen der an die Oberfläche 2 angrenzenden obersten Schicht 8d enthält eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 10 mit einer Strahlungsquelle 11, die über eine Optik 12 einen gebündelten bzw. gerichteten Strahl 13 erzeugt. Die Strahlungsquelle 11 ist vorzugsweise eine Lichtquelle wie z.B. ein Laser, kann jedoch auch jede andere Quelle für elektromagnetische Strahlung sein. Im Bereich oberhalb des Behälters 1 bzw. der Oberfläche 2 sind in Rich¬ tung des Strahls 13 hintereinander eine Mehrzahl von, bei¬ spielsweise drei, jeweils teilweise strahlungsdurchläsεige Spiegel 14,15,16 angeordnet, die jeweils voneinander unabhängig kardanisch aufgehängt sind und mittels entspre¬ chender schematisch angedeuteter Steuervorrichtungen 17,18,19 so geschwenkt werden können, daß der auf die Spiegel 14,15,16 auftreffende Strahl 13 von den Spiegeln 14,15,16 jeweils un¬ abhängig als reflektierter Strahl 20,21,22 innerhalb von vor¬ bestimmten Bereichen der Oberfläche 2 positioniert werden kann. Alternativ können in bekannter Weise auch jeweils zwei rotierende Spiegel, jeweils einer für jede Koordinatenrichtung, verwendet werden.An irradiation device 9 for solidifying the uppermost layer 8d adjoining the surface 2 contains an illumination device 10 with a radiation source 11, which generates a focused beam 13 via optics 12. The radiation source 11 is preferably a light source such as e.g. a laser, but can also be any other source of electromagnetic radiation. In the area above the container 1 or the surface 2, a plurality of, for example three, in each case partially radiation-permeable mirrors 14, 15, 16 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the beam 13, each of which is gimbally suspended independently of one another and corresponds to this ¬ corresponding schematically indicated control devices 17, 18, 19 can be pivoted such that the beam 13 incident on the mirrors 14, 15, 16 is independent of the mirrors 14, 15, 16 as a reflected beam 20, 21, 22 within certain areas of the surface 2 can be positioned. Alternatively, two rotating mirrors, one for each coordinate direction, can be used in a known manner.
ERSATZBLATT Die Steuervorrichtungen 17,18,19 sind jeweils mit der Steuerung 7 zur Steuerung der Richtung der Strahlen 20,21,22 verbunden.REPLACEMENT LEAF The control devices 17, 18, 19 are each connected to the controller 7 for controlling the direction of the beams 20, 21, 22.
Im Betrieb werden zunächst in der Steuerung 7 die aufgrund eines Konstruktionsprogramms oder dgl. erstellten Daten über die Form des Objekts 8 abgespeichert. Diese Daten sind für die Herstellung des Objekts 8 so aufbereitet, daß das Objekt in eine Vielzahl von horizontalen, im Vergleich zur Objekt¬ dimension dünnen Schichten zerlegt ist und die Formdaten für jede Schicht vorliegen.During operation, the data about the shape of the object 8, which was created on the basis of a construction program or the like, are first stored in the controller 7. These data are prepared for the production of the object 8 in such a way that the object is broken down into a plurality of horizontal layers which are thin in comparison to the object dimension and the shape data are available for each layer.
Zur Herstellung der ersten Schicht 8a steuert die Steuerung 7 die Höheneinstellvorrichtung 6 so, daß die Oberfläche der Trägerplatte 5 auf eine der Dicke der Schicht 8a entspre¬ chende vorbestimmte Höhe unterhalb der Oberfläche 2 positioniert wird. Damit liegt zwischen der Oberfläche der Trägerplatte 5 und der Oberfläche 2 eine flüssige Kunststoff- schicht mit der der gewünschten Schicht 8a entsprechenden Dicke vor.To produce the first layer 8a, the controller 7 controls the height adjustment device 6 such that the surface of the carrier plate 5 is positioned below the surface 2 at a predetermined height corresponding to the thickness of the layer 8a. Thus there is a liquid plastic layer with the thickness corresponding to the desired layer 8a between the surface of the carrier plate 5 and the surface 2.
Danach werden von der Steuerung 7 die Beleuchtungsvorrichtung 9 und insbesondere die Steuervorrichtungen 17,18,19 so ge¬ steuert, daß der von jedem entsprechenen Spiegel 14,15,16 reflektierte Strahl 20,21,22 auf vorbestimmte Bereiche der Schicht 8a auftrifft und damit diese Bereiche verfestigt. Beispielsweise kann ein Randbereich der Schicht 8a von einem vom mittleren Spiegel 15 abgelenkten ersten Strahl 21 und der Mittenbereich der Schicht 8a von den beiden anderen Strahlen 20,22 verfestigt werden. Dadurch wird der Randbereich in ei¬ nem geschlossenen Zug verfestigt, was eine verbesserte, ins¬ besondere glattere Oberfläche des Objekts ohne Versatz ermög¬ licht. Der Innenbereich kann dann von den anderen Stahlen 20,22 derart verfestigt werden, daß diese Strahlen abwech¬ selnd nebeneineinanderliegende linienförmige Bereiche bestreichen oder jeder Strahl 20,22 einen separaten Bereich bzw- ein separates Feld der Schicht verfestigt. Im letzterenThereafter, the control device 7 controls the lighting device 9 and in particular the control devices 17, 18, 19 in such a way that the beam 20, 21, 22 reflected by each corresponding mirror 14, 15, 16 strikes predetermined areas of the layer 8a and thus solidified these areas. For example, an edge region of the layer 8a can be solidified by a first beam 21 deflected by the central mirror 15 and the central region of the layer 8a by the two other beams 20, 22. As a result, the edge region is solidified in a closed train, which enables an improved, in particular smoother surface of the object without offset. The inner region can then be solidified by the other steels 20, 22 in such a way that these beams alternately sweep along adjacent linear regions or each beam 20, 22 solidifies a separate area or a separate field of the layer. In the latter
ERSATZBLATT Fall ergibt sich der Vorteil, daß die Spiegel 14 und 16 nur einen kleineren Arbeitsbereich aufweisen müssen bzw. daß die Größe der verfestigbaren Schicht bei gleichem Arbeitsbereich der Spiegel erhöht wird. Wichtig ist in jedem Fall, daß auf¬ grund der gleichzeitigen Bestrahlung mittels der Strahlen 20,21,22 eine der Zahl der Strahlen entsprechende Mehrzahl von Bereichen gleichzeitig verfestigt werden, sodaß die Schicht 8a trotz gleichbleibender Reaktionszeit des Materials in einer verkürzten Zeit hergestellt wird.ERS A TZBLATT In this case there is the advantage that the mirrors 14 and 16 only have to have a smaller working area or that the size of the layer which can be solidified is increased for the same working area of the mirror. It is important in any case that due to the simultaneous irradiation by means of the beams 20, 21, 22, a plurality of areas corresponding to the number of beams are solidified at the same time, so that the layer 8a is produced in a shortened time despite the constant reaction time of the material.
Nach der Herstellung der ersten Schicht 8a wird die Höhenein¬ stellvorrichtung 6 von der Steuerung 7 um den Betrag der vor¬ gesehenen Dicke der zweiten Schicht 8b abgesenkt, sodaß sich auf der ersten Schicht 8a eine flüssige Schicht mit der Dicke der zweiten Schicht 8b bildet. Danach werden die Steuervor¬ richtungen 17,18,19 analog zur ersten Schicht zur Verfestigung der zweiten Schicht gesteuert. Die folgenden Schichten 8c,8d werden entsprechend hergestellt.After the production of the first layer 8a, the height adjustment device 6 is lowered by the controller 7 by the amount of the intended thickness of the second layer 8b, so that a liquid layer with the thickness of the second layer 8b forms on the first layer 8a. Thereafter, the control devices 17, 18, 19 are controlled analogously to the first layer to solidify the second layer. The following layers 8c, 8d are produced accordingly.
Anstelle der einzigen Strahlungsquelle 11 mit einer Mehrzahl von Spiegeln 14,15,16, die den Nachteil aufweist, daß die Lichtleistung der reflektierten Strahlen 20,21,22 entspre¬ chend der Spiegelzahl reduziert ist, können auch eine Mehr¬ zahl von Strahlungsquellen 11 mit jeweils einem zugeordneten Spiegel bzw. einer Ablenkvorrichtung für den Lichtstrahl vor¬ gesehen sein. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Abwandlung der be¬ schriebenen Vorrichtung besteht außerdem darin, daß eine Strahlungsquelle und 5 Spiegel vorgesehen sind, wobei vier Spiegel ringförmig um einen fünften, mittleren Spiegel herum angeordnet sind. Jeder Spiegel ist mit einer entsprechenden Steuer- bzw. Ablenkvorrichtung für den jeweiligen Lichtstrahl versehen und wird von der Steuerung 7 zur Verfestigung ein¬ zelner Bereiche der Schichten 8a...8d gesteuert. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der mittlere Spiegel so gesteuert wird, daß er entsprechend dem Spiegel 15 die Verfestigung des Randbereichs der Schicht übernimmt.Instead of the single radiation source 11 with a plurality of mirrors 14, 15, 16, which has the disadvantage that the light output of the reflected rays 20, 21, 22 is reduced in accordance with the number of mirrors, a plurality of radiation sources 11 can also be used be provided in each case an associated mirror or a deflection device for the light beam. A particularly advantageous modification of the described device also consists in that a radiation source and 5 mirrors are provided, four mirrors being arranged in a ring around a fifth, central mirror. Each mirror is provided with a corresponding control or deflection device for the respective light beam and is controlled by the controller 7 to solidify individual areas of the layers 8a ... 8d. It is particularly advantageous if the central mirror is controlled in such a way that it takes over the consolidation of the edge region of the layer in accordance with the mirror 15.
ERSATZBLATT Anstelle der Spiegel kann die Aufteilung des Strahls 13 und die separate Ablenkung der Teilstrahlen auch durch eine Mehr¬ zahl von Lichtleitern erreicht werden, in deren eines Ende der Strahl 13 eintritt und deren anderes Ende mittels einer an sich bekannten x,y-VerschiebeVorrichtung entsprechend den Strahlen 20,21,22 über die Oberfläche geführt wird. Weitere mögliche Abwandlungen bestehen darin, daß anstelle des flüs¬ sigen Kunststoffs auch Kunststoff-, Metall- oder kunststoff- überzogene Metall- oder -Keramikpulver verwendet werden. Zum Auftragen einer Schicht dieses Materials können alle geeigne¬ ten Verfahren wie Streu- und Sprühvorrichtungen, Wischer, Walzen etc. verwendet werden. Die Verfestigung des Materials kann abhängig von dessen Eigenschaften auch durch andere For¬ men elektromagnetischer Strahlung wie Elektronenstrahl oder Wärmestrahlung erfolgen.REPLACEMENT LEAF Instead of the mirrors, the division of the beam 13 and the separate deflection of the partial beams can also be achieved by a plurality of light guides, in one end of which the beam 13 enters and the other end by means of a known x, y shifting device in accordance with Rays 20,21,22 is guided over the surface. Further possible modifications consist in the fact that plastic, metal or plastic-coated metal or ceramic powders are also used instead of the liquid plastic. All suitable methods such as scattering and spraying devices, wipers, rollers etc. can be used to apply a layer of this material. Depending on its properties, the material can also be solidified by other forms of electromagnetic radiation, such as an electron beam or thermal radiation.
ERSATZBLATT REPLACEMENT LEAF

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Objekts, bei dem einzelne Schichten aus mittels elektromagnetischer Strahlung verfestigbarem Material nacheinander durch Einwirkung einer elektromagnetischen Strahlung verfestigt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material einer Schicht an einer Mehrzahl von Stellen gleichzeitig verfestigt wird.1. A method for producing an object in which individual layers of material which can be solidified by means of electromagnetic radiation are solidified in succession by the action of electromagnetic radiation, characterized in that the material of one layer is solidified at a plurality of locations simultaneously.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Mehrzahl von elektromagnetischen Strahlen verwendet werden, die je¬ weils auf einen vorbestimmten Bereich der Schicht ein¬ wirken.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of electromagnetic rays are used, each of which act on a predetermined region of the layer.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit einem Strahl die Kontur des Objekts und mit den anderen Strahlen der von der Kontur umschlossene Innenbereich der Schicht verfestigt wird.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the contour of the object is solidified with one beam and the inner region of the layer enclosed by the contour is solidified with the other beams.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlen dadurch erzeugt werden, daß ein von einer Strahlungsquelle abgegebener Strahl in eine Mehrzahl von Strahlen aufgeteilt wird, die jeweils getrennt gesteuert auf die zu verfestigende Schicht einwirken.4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the beams are generated in that a beam emitted by a radiation source is divided into a plurality of beams, each acting separately controlled on the layer to be solidified.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die einzelnen Strahlen verschiedene Strahlungsquellen verwendet werden.5. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that different radiation sources are used for the individual beams.
ERSATZBLATT 6. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach An¬ spruch 1, mit einem Träger (4) zur Aufnahme des Objekts, einer Vorrichtung (3,REPLACEMENT LEAF 6. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, with a carrier (4) for receiving the object, a device (3,
6) zum Aufbringen einer Schicht (8a..8d) eines durch Einwirkung elektromagnetischer Strahlung verfestigbaren Materials auf den Träger (4) und einer Bestrahlungsvorrichtung (11,12,14,15,16) zum gesteuerten Ausrichten einer elektromagnetischen Strah¬ lung auf dem Objekt entsprechende Bereiche der Schicht (8a..8d) , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bestrahlungsvorrichtung (11,12,14,15,16) so ausgebildet ist, daß sie eine Mehr¬ zahl von Strahlen (20,21,22) erzeugt, und daß eine Steu¬ ervorrichtung (7,17,18,19) vorgesehen ist, die jeden der Mehrzahl der Strahlen unabhängig voneinander auf ver¬ schiedene Bereiche der Schicht (8a..8d) ausrichtet.6) for applying a layer (8a..8d) of a material that can be solidified by the action of electromagnetic radiation to the carrier (4) and an irradiation device (11, 12, 14, 15, 16) for the controlled alignment of an electromagnetic radiation on the object corresponding areas of the layer (8a..8d), characterized in that the irradiation device (11, 12, 14, 15, 16) is designed such that it generates a plurality of beams (20, 21, 22), and that a control device (7, 17, 18, 19) is provided, which aligns each of the plurality of beams independently of one another with different areas of the layer (8a..8d).
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bestrahlungsvorrichtung eine einzige Strahlungsquelle (11) und eine Mehrzahl von halbdurchlässigen Spiegeln (14,15,16) aufweist, die je¬ weils von der Steuervorrichtung (7,17,18,19) gesteuert werden.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the irradiation device has a single radiation source (11) and a plurality of semi-transparent mirrors (14,15,16), each of which from the control device (7,17,18,19) to be controlled.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spiegel (14,15,16) in der Strahlachse des von der Strahlungsquelle (11) abge¬ gebenen Strahls (13) angeordnet sind.8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the mirrors (14, 15, 16) are arranged in the beam axis of the beam (13) emitted by the radiation source (11).
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Mehrzahl von Strah¬ lungsquellen (11) vorgesehen sind, die jeweils einen über die Steuervorrichtung gesteuerten Strahl abgeben.9. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that a plurality of radiation sources (11) are provided, each of which emits a beam controlled by the control device.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß fünf Spiegel vorgesehen sind, die derart angeordnet sind, daß ein mittlerer Spiegel von 4 äußeren Spiegeln umgeben ist.10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that five mirrors are provided, which are arranged such that a central mirror is surrounded by 4 outer mirrors.
ERSATZBLATT REPLACEMENT LEAF
EP94904613A 1993-01-28 1993-12-30 Process and device for producing a three-dimensional object Withdrawn EP0634972A1 (en)

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DE4302418A DE4302418A1 (en) 1993-01-28 1993-01-28 Method and device for producing a three-dimensional object
DE4302418 1993-01-28
PCT/EP1993/003724 WO1994016875A1 (en) 1993-01-28 1993-12-30 Process and device for producing a three-dimensional object

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EP (1) EP0634972A1 (en)
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WO1994016875A1 (en) 1994-08-04
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US5536467A (en) 1996-07-16

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