EP0694753B1 - Dispositif pyrotechnique de lancement d'au moins un projectile - Google Patents
Dispositif pyrotechnique de lancement d'au moins un projectile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0694753B1 EP0694753B1 EP95401690A EP95401690A EP0694753B1 EP 0694753 B1 EP0694753 B1 EP 0694753B1 EP 95401690 A EP95401690 A EP 95401690A EP 95401690 A EP95401690 A EP 95401690A EP 0694753 B1 EP0694753 B1 EP 0694753B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- projectile
- tube
- chamber
- rear chamber
- face
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 50
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 101100218355 Talaromyces purpureogenus axe-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 6
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
- F42B4/22—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes characterised by having means to separate article or charge from casing without destroying the casing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H9/00—Equipment for attack or defence by spreading flame, gas or smoke or leurres; Chemical warfare equipment
- F41H9/06—Apparatus for generating artificial fog or smoke screens
- F41H9/08—Smoke-pots without propulsive charge, i.e. stationary
Definitions
- Launcher devices of this type are well known, in modes in which the impeller is housed or opens the most directly possible in the rear bedroom, being integrated either in the bottom of the launcher tube, ie behind the projectile.
- front and rear are understood by reference to a predetermined direction of movement of the projectile relative to the tube during of shooting.
- the aforementioned known arrangement of the igniter presents a a number of drawbacks that can add up or arise separately according to the type of launching device.
- Another disadvantage is that when you equip the front end of the tube with a blanking plug preventing the projectile to escape from handling or storage or from unwanted substances such as water or dust entering it, generally provides for the user to avoid having to extract this plug before firing and, for this purpose, it is the projectile itself which expels the plug when fired, coming into contact with it, which absorbs the expelling energy of the projectile and can uncontrollably modify the ballistic of it.
- the aim of the present invention is to propose a new launcher device design of the type indicated in the preamble, to remedy, as the case may be, some or all of the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the sealing means are expelled, without any intervention of the projectile for this purpose so that ballistics will not be affected, but from this expulsion, the pressure atmospheric is established in the front room while the room rear remains subject to the gas pressure developed by the impeller if although the projectile is now subjected to a longitudinal force deportation. The projectile is then expelled, under conditions that one can predetermine and without risk of interference with the means shutter.
- the impeller in the front and rear chambers, can advantageously provide that the impeller is arranged or opens in the front room, and that means of communication are provided non-return fluid between the front and rear chambers, said communication being open from the front room to the room rear and closed from the rear chamber to the front chamber.
- the means of communication non-return fluidics have a longitudinal passage between the projectile and the tube, and a lip seal interposed between the projectile and the tube in this passage, although other arrangements may be chosen for this purpose without departing from the scope of this invention.
- the impeller when the impeller is thus disposed in the front chamber, it can be easily placed in the tube after the projectile, which allows, without difficulty, to manufacture and store launching devices comprising the tube housing the projectile without the igniter, and mounting the igniter when in use, and this quickly and without any particular difficulty.
- the sealing means consist of a plug retained by said retaining means and suitably sealed against the tube, which allows the impeller to be integrated therein.
- This plug at which the gas pressure prevailing in the chamber before applies directly, can be inert, i.e. play only one shutter role. It can still constitute itself a front projectile housed in the tube and capable of sliding longitudinally at inside the tube, towards the front, to be expelled from the end before the tube prior to the expulsion of the projectile first cited.
- the sealing means are constituted by a stopper, in particular inert in the sense above, retained by said retaining means, and by a front projectile housed in the tube, interposed longitudinally between the first mentioned projectile and the plug and capable of sliding longitudinally inside of the tube, towards the front, to be expelled from it by the front end of the tube by expelling the plug prior to the expulsion of the projectile first cited. So the application of gas pressure to the cap takes place via the front projectile, suitably sealed against the tube.
- the gradual increase, simultaneous gas pressure in the front and rear chambers first maintains the first-mentioned projectile under pressure, until the plug formed by the front projectile or the assembly consisting of the front projectile and the plug, respectively, exposed to forward atmospheric pressure, receives because of this pressure a longitudinal force, directed forward, exceeding the predetermined threshold ejection of the sealing means. So the front projectile forming plug or the front projectile and the plug, separate from it but pushed by it, respectively, are kicked out, which opens the front room to atmosphere while the rear room is still subjected to the gas pressure which caused the expulsion of the projectile before. This then results in the expulsion of the first mentioned projectile.
- the means for defining the rear chamber include at minus a rear projectile housed in the tube, interposed longitudinally between the first mentioned projectile and the bottom and likely to slide longitudinally inside the tube, towards the front, to be expelled from it by the front end of the tube, that means are provided to define with the tube and this rear projectile, respectively each projectile rear, immediately behind it, another rear bedroom gas expansion, and the impeller is likely to develop said gas pressure simultaneously in the front and rear chambers and in said other rear chamber, respectively each other rear chamber, to expel the rear projectile, respectively the rear projectiles successively, after the first cited projectile.
- the cap when increase in gas pressure simultaneously in the chamber front, the rear chamber and the other or each other rear chamber, the cap will be expelled, if necessary by constituting a front projectile or by preceding a projectile before, then the first mentioned projectile, then the rear projectile or each of the rear projectiles in succession, under respective time and speed conditions determined by the aforementioned characteristics of interior ballistics of each projectile.
- the impeller is arranged or opens into the front chamber and that are provided means of non-return fluid communication between the front chambers and rear, said communication being open from the front chamber to the rear chamber and closed from the rear chamber to the front chamber, advantageous provision is made to ensure the simultaneity of establishment of the gas pressure in the or each other rear chamber, in comparison with the front chamber and the rear chamber first cited, by providing other means of non-return fluid communication between the aforementioned rear chamber and said other rear chamber, respectively between each other rear chamber and the other immediately next rear bedroom, said communication being open from the aforementioned rear chamber towards said other rear chamber, respectively from each other rear chamber to the other immediately next rear bedroom, and closed from said other rear chamber to the aforementioned rear chamber, respectively from each other rear chamber to said other immediately preceding rear bedroom.
- said other means of communication non-return fluidics may include a longitudinal passage between the rear projectile, respectively each rear projectile, and the tube, and a lip seal interposed between the rear projectile, respectively each rear projectile, and the tube in this passage, this mode of realization however constituting only one nonlimiting example.
- the means for defining the rear chamber may also not have only the bottom of the launcher tube, in the absence of rear projectile.
- the means for respectively defining the room front, the rear chamber, said other rear chamber, each other rear chamber have a respective longitudinal spacer perforated to authorize the respective fluid communication, which allows, by a simple choice of spacers of appropriate length, to regulate the different interior ballistics, therefore the sequencing of the shot and the exit velocities of the various projectiles.
- the fields of application of a launcher device according to the invention can be varied. Indeed, the first mentioned projectile, the front projectile, or each rear projectile can be chosen from a group comprising the military projectiles, fireworks projectiles; decoy projectiles, test projectiles, these examples being in no way limiting.
- Figures 1 to 3 illustrate three launching devices according to the invention, in section through a longitudinal plane including an axis longitudinal of the launcher tube, namely respectively a device with two projectiles including a front projectile, a device with two projectiles including a rear projectile, and a device with three projectiles, two of which rear projectiles, in addition to the first mentioned projectile.
- Each of the devices illustrated comprises a launcher tube 1 longitudinal, having a longitudinal axis 2 towards which it is delimited by an inner peripheral face 3 cylindrical of revolution around of this axis with a constant diameter, determining the caliber of the device launcher.
- the tube 1 is determined by an equally cylindrical outer peripheral face of revolution around axis 2, with a diameter greater than that of the face inner device 3, it being understood that the shape of this face external device 4 is not critical with regard to the present invention.
- the launcher tube 1 thus defined is gas-tight in particular.
- the launcher tube 1 has a rear end 6 closed at permanently, tightly, by a transverse bottom 7 which, when implements the present invention and as illustrated, may be full and devoid of any impeller or device for initiating such impeller.
- the bottom 7 has the shape of a transverse washer, of revolution around axis 5 and having in particular towards the front, that is to say towards the inside of the launcher tube 1, a flat transverse face 8.
- the launcher tube 1 has an open end 9, at which the faces inner 3 and outer 4 peripherals are connected by an edge transverse 10 annular, plane, of revolution about the axis 2.
- this front end 9 is sealed off by a removable plug 11 having for example the shape of a washer transverse, of revolution around axis 2.
- the plug 11 is delimited by a face external peripheral 12 cylindrical, of a diameter substantially identical to that of the inner peripheral face 3 of the tube 1 in which the plug 11 is fitted, at the front end 9 of the tube 1, in conditions such that a contact is established between the faces 12 and 3 relative longitudinal sliding guide.
- the face 12 is hollowed out with a annular groove 13, of revolution about the axis 2, housing a seal O-ring 14 thus retained on the plug 11 and placed in sealing contact with the inner peripheral face 3 of the tube 1 to seal the plug 11 vis-à-vis it, by opposing only a known obstacle to the relative sliding of the plug 11 and of the tube 1.
- the peripheral face outer 12 of the plug 11 in front of the groove 13, further opens at least one transverse blind hole 15, radial with respect to the axis 2, housing a pin 16 also radial with respect to this axis and passing through right through the tube 1, by a suitable bore 17 fitted in the immediate vicinity of the edge 10.
- the pin 16 of which preferably provide several copies evenly distributed angularly around axis 2 and respectively engaged in blind holes 15 and bores 17 also distributed thus around this axis, works at shear between the plug 11 and the tube 1, and retains the plug 11 fitted into the tube 1, without the possibility of relative displacement, as long as the plug 11 is not subjected to a longitudinal force, towards the front, exceeding a predetermined threshold but breaks when the threshold predetermined is reached, to authorize the expulsion of the plug 11 towards the front under the effect of this effort.
- the plug 11 when it is thus fitted inside the tube 1, defines with it a gas-tight enclosure 21.
- a projectile 22 which is found identically to Figures 1 at 3 and which can be the only projectile of the launching device, so illustrated but easily deductible, by a skilled person, illustrated arrangements, or be juxtaposed longitudinally to at at least one other projectile also housed inside the enclosure waterproof 21, due to a front projectile 23 of external conformation different, as shown in Figure 1, and / or at least one projectile rear 24 meanwhile of similar external conformation, as the show Figures 2 and 3 where there is only one rear projectile or two rear projectiles, it being understood that number of rear projectiles could be chosen at will, on the one hand, and that the projectiles 22, 23, 24 can be of the same kind or of a kind different, freely chosen according to a desired effect, other go.
- the single projectile 22 or the assembly formed by the projectile 22, the front projectile 23 and / or the rear projectile 24 possibly provided in several copies is calibrated longitudinally, against any longitudinal travel at the inside of the tube 1 as long as the plug 11 is fitted therein and retained by the pins 16, between the face 8 of the bottom 7 and the face 18 of the plug 11, just as any relative transverse movement is avoided.
- the projectile 22 is bounded respectively towards the front and towards the rear by transverse, flat faces 25, 26 in the form of a disc, which connect, in the direction of a distance from axis 2, to a face external device 27 cylindrical of revolution around this axis 2.
- the outer peripheral face 27 has a smaller diameter to that of the inner peripheral face 3 of the launcher tube 1, but wedges integral with the outer peripheral face 27 of the projectile 22 and regularly distributed angularly around axis 2, on the one hand to proximity of the front face 25 as illustrated in 28 and on the other hand to proximity to the rear face 26 as illustrated in 29, provide a coaxiality of the projectile 22 and the launcher tube 1 without opposing a relative longitudinal sliding as soon as the plug 11 has been expelled.
- this groove 31 fits, integral with the projectile 22, an annular seal 32 having a general shape of revolution around axis 2 and comprising two lips defining a U or a V open towards the rear and closed forwards, when this joint 32 is seen in section through any plane including axis 2, at the rate of a lip 33 housed in the groove 31 in conditions suitable for securing to the projectile 22 and a lip 34 resisting elastically on the peripheral face inside 3 of the launcher tube 1, without constituting an obstacle sensitive to the possibility of relative longitudinal sliding, so as to create a sealing between the gasket 32 and the launcher tube 1 against a passage gas in a direction from back to front, i.e. from the front rear 26 towards the front face 25, via the clearance 30, in authorizing, on the other hand, a passage of gas, through the clearance 30, in
- the sealed chambers 35 and 36 are further delimited by means which differ according to embodiments of the launcher device illustrated respectively in Figures 1, 2, 3, which we will now detail successively.
- the chamber rear 36 is delimited, in addition by the rear face 26 of the projectile 22 and the inner peripheral face 3 of the launcher tube 1, by the face 8 of the bottom 7 of this one.
- a longitudinal spacer 37 having the general shape of a tubular wall, of revolution around axis 2, and provided with large openings 38 authorizing the fluid communication between the chambers 35 and 36 by through game 30.
- the wall forming the spacer 37 is delimited by a peripheral face, respectively outside 39 or inside 40, cylindrical of revolution around axis 2 with a diameter smaller than the respective diameters of the face inner device 3 of the launcher tube 1 and the peripheral face outer 27 of the projectile 22 and, upwards, these two faces 39 and 40 are mutually connected by an annular edge 41, transverse, of revolution around axis 2 and serving as a flat support, towards the rear, on face 26 of the projectile 22; backwards, the two faces 39 and 40 are connected mutually by another edge 42 also annular, transverse, of revolution around axis 2, which edge 42 rests flat on face 8 from the bottom 7.
- the coaxiality of the spacer 37 with respect to the launcher tube 1 and the projectile 22 can be ensured by various means, in particular by a integral with the projectile 22 or with the bottom 7, a transverse setting relative to the inner peripheral face 3 of the launcher tube 1, a longitudinal interlocking on or in a suitable counterpart of the face 26 of projectile 22, not shown but easily conceivable by a skilled person, or by longitudinal interlocking on or in a suitable counterpart of the face 8 of the bottom 7, in particular by longitudinal interlocking on a localized protuberance 43 of the face 8 from the bottom 7 as illustrated, which corresponds to a shape particularly simple from the spacer 37 and at ease particularly large placement thereof inside the tube launcher 1 before placing the projectile 22 there.
- the front chamber 35 is delimited, in addition by the face front 25 of the projectile 22 and the inner peripheral face 3 of the tube launcher 1, by the front projectile 23 and more precisely by a face transverse, flat 51 that the latter presents towards the rear.
- a spacer longitudinal 44 is interposed longitudinally between the face 51 of the front projectile 23 and face 25 of projectile 22 a spacer longitudinal 44 at any point similar to the spacer 37 and having especially like the latter, large openings 45 which do not hinder the gas passage.
- This spacer 44 is supported flat respectively against both sides 25 and 51 thanks to an outside diameter lower than that of the latter and is retained in the coaxial position, by relative to the projectiles 22 and 23 and relative to the launcher tube 1, by one any of the means mentioned in connection with the spacer 37, and by example by longitudinal interlocking on a localized protuberance 46 of the face 25 of the projectile 22, which results in the same simplicity of manufacture of the spacer 44 and the same ease of installation of this last after projectile 22 and before projectile 23, inside the launcher tube 1.
- the projectile 23 is delimited by another flat transverse face 47 which, due to an appropriate longitudinal dimensioning of the two projectiles 22 and 23 and two spacers 37 and 44, compared to the distance longitudinally separating the face 18 of the plug 11 relative to the face 8 from the bottom 7, applies flat against the face 18 of the plug 11 when this last occupies the nesting position in the tube 1 and retention by pins 16, illustrated in Figure 1.
- the faces 51 and 47 are connected to a face external device 48 of the projectile 23, which connects mutually these faces 44 and 47 and has a cylindrical shape of revolution around axis 2, with a corresponding diameter substantially to that of the inner peripheral face 3 of the launcher tube 1, which provides guidance for the relative longitudinal sliding.
- the face 48 is hollowed out with an annular groove 49 of revolution around the axis 2 and housing an O-ring 50 ensuring a sealing of the face external device 48 of the projectile 23 with respect to the face inner device 3 of the launch tube 1 without constituting a hindrance sensitive to relative longitudinal sliding.
- the assembly formed by the chambers before 35 and rear 36, as well as by the clearance 30 between the projectile 22 and the launcher tube 1, defines a sealed volume thanks to the presence of the seal 50, with possibility of gas circulation from room 35 to room 36 by through play 30, without the possibility of passing in the opposite direction.
- This characteristic is used, in this embodiment of the present invention, to cause a sequential expulsion of the projectile 23 and projectile 22, by means of gases generated so controlled, in the front chamber 35, by an impeller 52 housed in this one, as it is illustrated, or placed out of this one but opening in it, not illustrated but easily conceivable by a Tradesman.
- This impeller 22 is advantageously placed coaxially, inside the spacer 44, and it is preferably secured to one or other of the projectiles 22 (as illustrated) and 23 or with the spacer 44, by any appropriate means the choice of which falls within the normal skills of a person skilled in the art.
- the projectile 22 is then placed in equipression but the assembly formed by the projectile 23 and the plug 11, exposed to atmospheric pressure especially forward, is subjected to a push in direction 5.
- this thrust due to the increase in gas pressure in the chambers 35 and 36, exceeds the shear force of the pins 16, these rupture and suddenly release the plug 11, which is expelled forward via projectile 23 itself expelled forward.
- the projectile 22 is then exposed, forwardly, to the atmospheric pressure while, due to the presence of the gasket 32 which prevents pressurized gases from escaping from chamber 36, it remains subject to gas pressure from the rear. This results in the application, to projectile 22, from a forward expulsion effort, and projectile 22 is at his turn expelled from the launcher tube 1.
- This expulsion namely in particular its sequencing and the respective speeds of projectiles 22 and 23, can be controlled by influencing the parameters indicated above, at know in the easiest way by choosing the longitudinal dimensions respective spacers 37 and 44, determining the respective volumes of the rear chambers 36 and front 35.
- the delimitation of room 35 immediately in front of projectile 22, which is found identically, is provided by the face 25 thereof, the outer peripheral face 3 of the launcher tube 1, and the faces 18, 19, 20 of the plug 11 including, for example, the corresponding spacer 44, which is identical, can be made integral for example by localized embedding as we have illustrated.
- the front chamber 35 also houses the impeller in this case.
- controlled 52 which can then be either attached to the projectile 22 or to the spacer 44, as illustrated in solid lines, either integrated into the plug 52, as it has been illustrated in dashed lines, during the manufacture of the launcher device or by insertion into the plug 52, suitably arranged for this purpose easily conceivable by a skilled person, immediately before using the device; it communicates, through the clearance 30, with the rear chamber 36 with possibility of gas passage from the room 35 towards room 36 without possibility of passage in opposite direction due to the presence of the lip seal 32.
- the chamber 36 remains delimited by the face 26 of the projectile 22 and the inner peripheral face 3 of the tube 1, but it is also delimited not by the face 8 of the bottom 7 of the launcher tube 1, but by the rear projectile 24 on which the projectile 22 is supported by its face 26, via the spacer 37 and which itself is supported on the face 8 of the bottom 7 by a spacer longitudinal 53 at any point similar to the spacer 37 and having in particular wide openings 54 at all points comparable to wide openings 38 of the spacer 37, in order to allow an unhindered passage of gas.
- the projectile 24 is itself in every point analogous to the projectile 22 as for its external conformation and, in particular, is delimited by front 55, rear 56 and outer device 57 at any point similar to faces 25, 26, 27 of projectile 22, respectively, except that the diameter of these faces may be slightly different from that of faces 25, 26 and 27 and that the longitudinal dimension of the projectile 24 between its faces 55 and 56 may be different from the dimension of the projectile 22 between its faces 25 and 26, the projectiles 22 and 24 can also be much different in nature than identical in nature.
- the front face 55 of the projectile 24 advantageously comprises a protuberance 58 at any similar point to the protrusion 46 of the front face 25 of the projectile 22 while the face 56 can be strictly planar, perpendicular to axis 2, and rest at flat on the spacer 54 resting itself flat on the face 8 of the bottom 7, on which it is centered by the protuberance 43.
- the face external device 57 of the projectile 24 defines an annular clearance 59 with the inner peripheral face 3 of the launcher tube 1, and it is wedged transversely to this inner peripheral face 3 by wedges 30, 6i at all points similar to wedges 28 and 29, respectively, so that the projectile 24 is guided in longitudinal sliding at inside the tube 1 while being wedged transversely, on the one hand, and that the clearance 59 constitutes a gas passage between the chamber 36 and a chamber which the spacer 53 preserves behind the projectile 24, and which is more precisely defined by the rear face 56 thereof, the face 8 of the bottom 7 and the zone of the inner peripheral face 3 of the tube 1 located between these faces 56 and 8 due to the presence of the spacer 53.
- a lip seal 63 in all points similar to the lip seal 32, oriented like him and retained like him in an annular groove transverse 64 arranged in the outer peripheral face 57 of the projectile 24 between the shims 61 closest to the face 56 and this face 56, only allows gas to pass from chamber 36 to chamber 62, and on the other hand, prohibits any passage back from room 62 to the room 36.
- the impeller 52 When the impeller 52 is actuated, it causes a gas evolution which propagates from chamber 35 to chamber 36, and from it to chamber 62, which places the interior of enclosure 21 at uniform pressure, and in particular places the projectiles 22 and 24 in equipression, which does not subject them to any longitudinal effort tending to kick them out.
- Chamber 35 is thus placed at atmospheric pressure, at which is therefore exposed the face 25 of the projectile 22, while the face 26 thereof remains exposed to the aforementioned gas pressure, the gas does not can escape forward due to the presence of the gasket 32.
- the chambers 36 and 62 then remain at the same pressure, so that the projectile 24 is not subjected to any longitudinal expulsion force, but the projectile 22, subjected to such a force, is expelled.
- the chamber 36 opens to the open air, so that the face 55 of the projectile 24 is exposed to atmospheric pressure, while the pressure above-mentioned gaseous gas still prevails in chamber 62, the gas being unable to escape due to the presence and shape of the seal 63.
- the projectile 24 is therefore therefore also subjected to an effort longitudinal expulsion, and fired in turn.
- the parameters of this eviction are those indicated in preamble.
- Figure 3 illustrates a launcher device at all points similar to that of FIG. 2, if only a second projectile 24, similar to the aforementioned projectile 24 as for its external conformation but of identical nature or different, is inserted between the spacer 53 placed immediately in back of it and the face 8 of the bottom 7, against which this other projectile 24 is supported by means of another spacer 53, largely openwork as indicated in 54, so as to define with the launcher tube 1 and bottom 7 another sealed chamber 62.
- the seal 63 of the other projectile 24 makes it possible to place this other chamber 62 at the same gas pressure than the first-mentioned chamber 62 and that the chambers 36 and 35 when the gas pressure supplied by the impeller 52 increases, while it prevents this other chamber 62 from losing this gas pressure, and thereby causes application to the other projectile 24 of a longitudinal force of expulsion, towards the front, when the front face 55 of this other projectile is exposed to atmospheric pressure after successive expulsion of the plug 11, of a possible projectile 23, of the projectile 22 and projectile 24 first cited.
- This load would be chosen of a type such that it is sensitive to the gas emission from the impeller 52, for example at the gas temperature emitted by the latter or at the gas pressure corresponding to the force expulsion of the plug 11, and suitably delayed to add its effects to those of the pressure of the gases generated by the impeller 52 on the projectile 22 or 24 placed immediately in front, during its expulsion, and on the projectile (s) 24 possibly placed behind in view of their subsequent expulsion.
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Description
- un tube lanceur longitudinal, présentant une extrémité arrière fermée par un fond transversal et une extrémité avant ouverte,
- un projectile logé dans le tube et susceptible de coulisser longitudinalement à l'intérieur de celui-ci, vers l'avant, pour en être expulsé par l'extrémité avant du tube,
- des moyens pour définir avec le tube et le projectile, immédiatement en arrière de celui-ci, une chambre arrière d'expansion gazeuse,
- un impulseur susceptible de développer, de façon commandée, une pression gazeuse dans la chambre arrière pour provoquer l'expulsion du projectile par l'extrémité avant du tube.
- des moyens d'obturation de l'extrémité avant du tube, retenus sur le tube par des moyens de retenue autorisant leur expulsion lorsqu'ils sont soumis à un effort longitudinal dirigé vers l'avant et excédant un seuil prédéterminé,
- des moyens pour définir avec le tube, les moyens d'obturation et le projectile, immédiatement en avant de celui-ci, une chambre avant d'expansion gazeuse,
- les masses respectives des projectiles,
- leur section transversale utile, c'est-à-dire exposée respectivement vers l'avant et vers l'arrière à la pression gazeuse ou, selon le cas, à la pression atmosphérique, c'est-à-dire leur calibre,
- la course utile des projectiles dans le canon,
- la pression dans les chambres avant et arrière, correspondant à l'expulsion du bouchon, constituant le cas échéant lui-même l'un des projectiles,
- les volumes respectifs des chambres avant et arrière, généralement caractérisés par la longueur de celles-ci du fait d'une section transversale intérieure généralement constante du tube lanceur.
- dans sa zone la plus éloignée de l'axe 2, par une face annulaire, plane 18, transversale et de révolution autour de l'axe 2, laquelle face 18 se raccorde à la face périphérique extérieure 12 dans le sens d'un éloignement par rapport à l'axe 2 ;
- dans sa zone la plus proche de l'axe 2 et sécante de celui-ci, par une face 19 également transversale, plane, de révolution autour de l'axe 2, laquelle face 19 présente ainsi la forme d'un disque placé en retrait vers l'avant par rapport à la face 18 à laquelle cette face 19 est raccordée par une face périphérique intérieure 20 cylindrique de révolution autour de l'axe 2 et tournée vers celui-ci.
Claims (14)
- Dispositif pyrotechnique de lancement d'au moins un projectile, du type comportant:un tube lanceur (1) longitudinal, présentant une extrémité arrière (6) fermée par un fond transversal (7) et une extrémité avant (9) ouverte,un projectile (22) logé dans le tube (1) et susceptible de coulisser longitudinalement à l'intérieur de celui-ci, vers l'avant, pour en être expulsé par l'extrémité avant (9) du tube (1),des moyens (7, 24, 32, 37, 53, 63) pour définir avec le tube (1) et le projectile (22), immédiatement en arrière de celui-ci, une chambre arrière (36) d'expansion gazeuse,un impulseur (52) susceptible de développer, de façon commandée, une pression gazeuse dans la chambre arrière (36) pour provoquer l'expulsion du projectile (22) par l'extrémité avant (9) du tube (1),des moyens (11, 23) d'obturation de l'extrémité avant (9) du tube (1), retenus sur le tube (1) par des moyens de retenue (16) autorisant leur expulsion lorsqu'ils sont soumis à un effort longitudinal dirigé vers l'avant et excédant un seuil prédéterminé,des moyens (11, 23, 44) pour définir avec le tube (1), les moyens d'obturation (11, 23) et le projectile (22), immédiatement en avant de celui-ci (35), une chambre avant d'expansion gazeuse,
- Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'impulseur (52) est disposé ou débouche dans la chambre avant (35) et en ce que sont prévus des moyens (30, 32) de communication fluidique anti-retour entre les chambres avant (35) et arrière (36), ladite communication étant ouverte de la chambre avant (35) vers la chambre arrière (36) et fermée de la chambre arrière (36) vers la chambre avant (35).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (30, 32) de communication fluidique anti-retour comportent un passage longitudinal (30) entre le projectile (22) et le tube (1), et un joint à lèvre (32) interposé entre le projectile (22) et le tube (1) dans ce passage (30).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'obturation (11, 23) sont constitués par un bouchon (Il) retenu par lesdits moyens de retenues et étanchéifié vis-à-vis du tube (1).
- Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'impulseur (52) est intégré au bouchon (11).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisé en ce que le bouchon (11) constitue un projectile avant (23) logé dans le tube (1) et susceptible de coulisser longitudinalement à l'intérieur du tube (1), vers l'avant, pour en être expulsé par l'extrémité avant (9) du tube (1) préalablement à l'expulsion du projectile premièrement cité (22).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'obturation (11, 23) sont constitués par un bouchon (11) retenu par lesdits moyens de retenue (16) et par un projectile avant (23) logé dans le tube (1), interposé longitudinalement entre le projectile premièrement cité (22) et le bouchon (11) étanchéifié vis-à-vis du tube (1) et susceptible de coulisser longitudinalement à l'intérieur du tube (1), vers l'avant, pour en être expulsé par l'extrémité avant (9) du tube (1) en expulsant le bouchon (11) préalablement à l'expu!sion du projectile premièrement cité (22).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (7, 24, 32, 37, 53, 63) pour définir la chambre arrière (36) comportent le fond (7) du tube lanceur (1).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (7, 24, 32, 37, 53, 63) pour définir la chambre arrière (36) comportent au moins un projectile arrière (24) logé dans le tube (1), interposé longitudinalement entre le projectile premièrement cité (22) et le fond (7) et susceptible de coulisser longitudinalement à l'intérieur du tube (1), vers l'avant, pour en être expulsé par l'extrémité avant (9) du tube (1), en ce que sont prévus des moyens (7, 53, 63) pour définir avec le tube (1) et ce projectile arrière (24), respectivement chaque projectile arrière (24), immédiatement en arrière de celui-ci, une autre chambre arrière (62) d'expansion gazeuse, et en ce que l'impulseur (52) est susceptible de développer ladite pression gazeuse simultanément dans les chambres avant et arrière (35, 36) et dans ladite autre chambre arrière (62), respectivement chaque autre chambre arrière (62), pour expulser le projectile arrière (24), respectivement les projectiles arrière (24) successivement, après le projectile (22) premièrement cité.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 9, dans sa dépendance vis-à-vis de la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que sont prévus d'autres moyens (59, 63) de communication fluidique anti-retour entre la chambre arrière (36) premièrement citée et ladite autre chambre arrière (62), respectivement entre chaque autre chambre arrière (62) et l'autre chambre arrière (62) immédiatement suivante, ladite communication étant ouverte de la chambre arrière (36) premièrement citée vers ladite autre chambre arrière (62), respectivement de chaque autre chambre arrière (62) vers l'autre chambre arrière (62) immédiatement suivante, et fermée de ladite autre chambre arrière (62) vers la chambre arrière (36) premièrement citée, respectivement de chaque autre chambre arrière (62) vers ladite autre chambre arrière (62) immédiatement précédente.
- Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdits autres moyens (59, 63) de communication fluidique anti-retour comportent un passage longitudinal (59) entre le projectile arrière (24), respectivement chaque projectile arrière (24), et le tube (1), et un joint à lèvre (63) interposé entre le projectile arrière (24), respectivement chaque projectile arrière (24), et le tube (1) dans ce passage (59).
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 et 11, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour définir respectivement la chambre avant (35), la chambre arrière (36), ladite autre chambre arrière (62), chaque autre chambre arrière (62), comportent des entretoises (44, 37, 53) longitudinales respectives ajourées pour autoriser la communication fluidique respective.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une charge pyrotechnique d'expulsion (65) respectivement dans la chambre arrière (36), ladite autre chambre arrière (62), une ou plusieurs des autres chambres arrière (62), ladite charge pyrotechnique d'expulsion (65) étant sensible à l'émission gazeuse de l'impulseur (52) pour ajouter ses effets à ceux de ladite pression gazeuse sur le projectile (22, 24) placé immédiatement en avant et sur le ou les projectiles (24) éventuellement placés en arrière.
- Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le projectile premièrement cité (22), le projectile avant (23), le projectile arrière (24), chaque projectile arrière (24), est choisi dans un groupe comportant les projectiles militaires, les projectiles d'artifice, les projectiles de leurrage, les projectiles d'essai.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9408896 | 1994-07-19 | ||
FR9408896A FR2722872B1 (fr) | 1994-07-19 | 1994-07-19 | Dispositif pyrotechnique de lancement d'au moins un projectile |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0694753A1 EP0694753A1 (fr) | 1996-01-31 |
EP0694753B1 true EP0694753B1 (fr) | 1998-04-29 |
Family
ID=9465505
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95401690A Expired - Lifetime EP0694753B1 (fr) | 1994-07-19 | 1995-07-17 | Dispositif pyrotechnique de lancement d'au moins un projectile |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5623113A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0694753B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2154110C (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69502247T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2722872B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6286429B1 (en) | 1998-10-22 | 2001-09-11 | John Marietta | Fireworks launcher |
US6289817B1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2001-09-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Remote controlled payload delivery |
DE19910074B4 (de) * | 1999-03-08 | 2005-02-10 | Buck Neue Technologien Gmbh | Abschußvorrichtung für das Verschießen einer Mehrzahl von Wirkkörpern sowie diese verwendende Wurfanlage |
USD429516S (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2000-08-15 | Jake's Fireworks | Multiple effect pyrotechnic shell |
US6283033B1 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2001-09-04 | Jake's Fireworks | Multiple effect pyrotechnic shell |
USRE38592E1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2004-09-21 | Jake's Fireworks, Inc. | Multiple effect pyrotechnic shell |
US6637309B2 (en) | 1999-10-15 | 2003-10-28 | Champion Fiberglass, Inc. | Launch tube and a method for making a launch tube |
US6293178B1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-09-25 | Champion Fiberglass, Inc. | Pyrotechnic launch tube |
DE10320731B4 (de) * | 2003-05-08 | 2005-07-21 | Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG | Schnellfeuerwaffe |
US6857371B1 (en) | 2003-06-19 | 2005-02-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Two-payload decoy device |
US6912958B2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-07-05 | Jake's Fireworks, Inc. | Fireworks artillery shell |
CN101240993B (zh) * | 2008-02-15 | 2010-09-29 | 陈延文 | 烟火燃放发射架的分压装置 |
CN101240992B (zh) * | 2008-02-15 | 2010-09-29 | 陈延文 | 定程分压可控烟火燃放的装置及其方法 |
CN101226044B (zh) * | 2008-02-20 | 2011-05-18 | 陈延文 | 射程控制方法及其装置 |
WO2010036413A2 (fr) * | 2008-06-02 | 2010-04-01 | Causwave, Inc. | Système de propulsion de projectile |
JP5706329B2 (ja) * | 2008-11-03 | 2015-04-22 | コースウェーブ,インコーポレイテッド | 電力発電機 |
KR101386556B1 (ko) * | 2009-11-03 | 2014-04-18 | 카우스웨이브, 아이엔씨. | 다중상 물질 발전기 시스템을 구비한 차량 및 그 추진방법 |
US10502515B2 (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2019-12-10 | Raytheon Company | Launch piston brake |
US10106228B1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-10-23 | Eagle Technology, Llc | Sonobuoy adapter kit with pneumatic air diverter valve |
US10053194B1 (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2018-08-21 | Harris Corporation | Miniature sonobuoy adapter kit with pneumatic air diverter valve |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3253511A (en) * | 1961-01-11 | 1966-05-31 | Zwicky Fritz | Launching process and apparatus |
US3139795A (en) * | 1962-05-24 | 1964-07-07 | Altschuler Samuel | Tandem loaded firing tubes |
DE2001758C3 (de) * | 1970-01-16 | 1974-03-21 | Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen | Abschußvorrichtung für Geschosse zur Panzerbekämpfung |
NO133338C (fr) * | 1974-02-27 | 1976-04-12 | Arnold Ingemar Magnusson | |
DE2638920A1 (de) * | 1976-08-28 | 1978-03-02 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Vorrichtung zum verteilen von strahlenreflektierendem und/oder -emittierendem material |
FR2436363A1 (fr) * | 1978-09-15 | 1980-04-11 | Lacroix E | Cartouche a plusieurs charges de leurres distinctes |
FR2469690B1 (fr) * | 1979-11-12 | 1985-12-20 | Lacroix E Tous Artifices | Vehicule pour signal de detresse avec eclairant et leurres electromagnetiques |
FR2502576A1 (fr) * | 1981-03-24 | 1982-10-01 | Milioti Joseph | Procede et dispositifs pour stocker et larguer un objet cylindrique a partir d'un vehicule |
US4444085A (en) * | 1982-01-25 | 1984-04-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Pneumatic launcher system |
US4930731A (en) * | 1987-05-06 | 1990-06-05 | Coors Porcelain Company | Dome and window for missiles and launch tubes with high ultraviolet transmittance |
US4934241A (en) * | 1987-11-12 | 1990-06-19 | General Dynamics Corp. Pomona Division | Rocket exhaust deflector |
SE463788B (sv) * | 1989-11-21 | 1991-01-21 | Saab Missiles Ab | Projektil foer spridning av en last i form av en pyroteknisk laddning |
US5052270A (en) * | 1990-06-20 | 1991-10-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Multi-sonobuoy launch container with constant force spring |
US5076134A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1991-12-31 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Launch container for multiple stores using piezo electrically-actuated paddle assemblies |
FR2683309B1 (fr) * | 1991-11-06 | 1993-12-31 | Giat Industries | Obus cargo ejectant une charge utile au moyen d'un piston. |
US5333528A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-08-02 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Multiple missile ejection system |
FR2697327B1 (fr) * | 1992-10-22 | 1994-12-30 | Luchaire Defense Sa | Boîtier pour charge propulsive. |
-
1994
- 1994-07-19 FR FR9408896A patent/FR2722872B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-07-14 US US08/502,343 patent/US5623113A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-17 DE DE69502247T patent/DE69502247T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-07-17 EP EP95401690A patent/EP0694753B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-07-18 CA CA002154110A patent/CA2154110C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2722872A1 (fr) | 1996-01-26 |
FR2722872B1 (fr) | 1996-10-04 |
DE69502247D1 (de) | 1998-06-04 |
CA2154110C (fr) | 2003-12-30 |
CA2154110A1 (fr) | 1996-01-20 |
DE69502247T2 (de) | 1998-12-03 |
US5623113A (en) | 1997-04-22 |
EP0694753A1 (fr) | 1996-01-31 |
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