EP0692692A1 - Pipe having an oblong cross-section for heat exchanger - Google Patents
Pipe having an oblong cross-section for heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0692692A1 EP0692692A1 EP95110946A EP95110946A EP0692692A1 EP 0692692 A1 EP0692692 A1 EP 0692692A1 EP 95110946 A EP95110946 A EP 95110946A EP 95110946 A EP95110946 A EP 95110946A EP 0692692 A1 EP0692692 A1 EP 0692692A1
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- Prior art keywords
- tube
- hole
- section
- holes
- cross
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
- B21D53/08—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal
- B21D53/085—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal with fins places on zig-zag tubes or parallel tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tube with an oblong cross section for a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle.
- It also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a multiplicity of fins traversed by such tubes to form a bundle.
- the invention relates more particularly to a tube for a heat exchanger, suitable for passing through a multiplicity of fins by holes which the latter have and for then being applied under pressure against the edges of the holes by deformation of its wall, each hole having a oblong cross section such that the edge of the hole has longitudinal parts facing each other which are curved and have their convexity facing the inside of the hole.
- a heat exchanger is produced starting from a plurality of tubes having such an oblong cross section and a multiplicity of fins having in alignment oblong holes having the shape defined above.
- the tubes are then threaded into the aligned holes of the fins and then the tubes are deformed by expansion or expansion so as to apply them under pressure against the edges of the holes which are generally surrounded by collars.
- the clearance between the edge of the fin hole and the tube (at the rounded parts of the tube) is greater than the minimum clearance required for threading the tube through the aligned holes of the fins.
- This necking can generate the bursting of the tube during the flaring of its ends after assembly of the collectors or plates with holes which are usually provided at the ends of the bundle to receive water boxes.
- the object of the invention is in particular to overcome such drawbacks.
- a tube for heat exchanger of the type defined above, which tube has, before deformation, a cross section having a shape substantially homologous to that of the hole and comprising two longitudinal sides facing each other which are curved and have their convexity turned towards the inside of the tube, so that the tube has a restricted external width in a region where the longitudinal sides are closest to each other.
- the cross section of the tube, before deformation is substantially homologous to that of the fin hole and has a similar shape with curved longitudinal sides having a curvature in the same direction as that of the longitudinal parts of the edges of the holes.
- the clearance between the fin hole and the tube in particular at the level of the rounded parts and with a small radius of curvature of the tube, may be small, that is to say equal to the minimum clearance necessary for threading the tube through the holes in the fins.
- the tube When the tube is then deformed by expansion or expansion, it undergoes a narrow necking, in particular at its rounded ends with a small radius of curvature, which avoids any risk of subsequent bursting of the tube.
- the cross section of the tube before deformation and the cross section of the hole are chosen such that there is a play of substantially constant thickness between the edge of the hole and the tube before deformation, and this over the entire periphery of the tube.
- This play of substantially constant thickness then corresponds to the minimum play necessary for threading the tube into the aligned holes of the fins.
- the two curved longitudinal sides of the tube are connected together by two rounded parts of substantially circular shape and of selected radius.
- This radius of the rounded ends is chosen such that the relation l ⁇ 2r is verified, where l represents the restricted external width of the tube before deformation and r the radius of the rounded parts.
- This characteristic makes it possible to optimize the clearance between the tube and the fin hole and thus to reduce the expansion force and the necking of the tube.
- the radius r of the rounded ends is such that the relation r ⁇ 4e is verified, where e denotes the thickness of the wall of the tube before deformation.
- This second characteristic is the necessary condition for the tube with longitudinal sides curved inwards to have a higher coefficient of convection than that of an oval section tube having a minimum radius r.
- the invention in another aspect, relates to a heat exchanger which comprises a multiplicity of fins having holes of oblong cross section such that the edge of the hole has longitudinal parts facing each other, which are curved and have their convexity facing the inside of the hole, as well as at least one tube as defined above, the wall of which has been deformed under pressure so as to be applied against the edges of the holes.
- FIG. 1 shows part of a fin 10 of generally rectangular shape which comprises a multiplicity of holes 12 which, in the example, are arranged in a single row.
- Each of the holes 12 has an oblong cross section such that the edge of the hole has two longitudinal parts 14 located opposite one another, which are curved and have their convexity facing the inside of the hole.
- the two longitudinal parts 14 are connected by two end parts 16 of rounded shape which have a radius of curvature R of chosen value.
- the hole 12 thus has, in the region where the two longitudinal parts 14 are closest to each other, a restricted internal width L which is less than 2R.
- the hole 12 is bordered, over its entire periphery, by a collar 18 of the same shape.
- FIG. 2 represents a tube 20 according to the invention, before deformation.
- the tube 20 has an oblong cross section of shape substantially homologous to that of the hole 12, but of smaller dimension to allow the threading of the tube 20, before deformation, through the aligned holes of a multiplicity of fins 10 arranged parallel between they.
- the tube 20 is formed from a deformable metal or metal alloy and it has two longitudinal sides 22, arranged opposite one another, which are curved and have their convexity turned towards the inside of the tube.
- the longitudinal sides 22 have a curvature in the same direction as the longitudinal parts 14 of the hole 12.
- the two sides 22 are connected together by two curved parts 24 of circular shape having a radius of curvature r which is less than R.
- the tube 20 has a restricted external width l such that l ⁇ 2r.
- the tube 20 has a deformable wall 26 having a substantially constant thickness e.
- the cross section of the hole 12 and the cross section of the tube 20 are homologous and chosen so that there is a clearance j of substantially constant thickness between the edge of the hole 12 and the tube 20 before deformation, and this over the entire periphery of the tube.
- the tube 20 According to a first characteristic of the tube 20, it satisfies the relation l ⁇ 2r, which makes it possible to optimize the clearance j between the tube and the fin hole and to reduce the expansion force and the necking of the tube during its subsequent deformation.
- the tube 20 also satisfies the relation r ⁇ 4e, where e denotes, as already indicated, the thickness of the wall 26 of the tube before deformation.
- This second characteristic is a necessary condition for the tube to have a higher convection coefficient than that of an oval tube of minimum radius r.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 describe the process for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the invention.
- the tube 20 is then threaded through the aligned holes 12 of the fins, by axial displacement of the tube in the direction of alignment of the holes. Then, the tube 20 is deformed by expansion or expansion, for example by means of a tool of the "olive" type (not shown) introduced axially into the tube.
- the tube is thus applied under pressure against the edges of the holes and against the collars of the holes.
- the tube is deformed uniformly over its entire periphery, as shown diagrammatically by the arrows in FIG. 4.
- the wall 26 of the tube thus comes to apply tightly against the collars of the fins to ensure the assembly of the tube with the fins and at the same time a good thermal bond between them.
- the invention is particularly suitable for producing heat exchangers for motor vehicles, in particular engine cooling radiators or radiators for heating the passenger compartment.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte à un tube à section transversale oblongue pour un échangeur de chaleur, en particulier de véhicule automobile.The invention relates to a tube with an oblong cross section for a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle.
Elle concerne aussi un échangeur de chaleur comprenant une multiplicité d'ailettes traversées par de tels tubes pour former un faisceau.It also relates to a heat exchanger comprising a multiplicity of fins traversed by such tubes to form a bundle.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un tube pour échangeur de chaleur, propre à traverser une multiplicité d'ailettes par des trous que présentent ces dernières et à être ensuite appliqué sous pression contre les bords des trous par déformation de sa paroi, chaque trou ayant une section transversale oblongue telle que le bord du trou présente des parties longitudinales en regard l'une de l'autre qui sont incurvées et ont leur convexité tournée vers l'intérieur du trou.The invention relates more particularly to a tube for a heat exchanger, suitable for passing through a multiplicity of fins by holes which the latter have and for then being applied under pressure against the edges of the holes by deformation of its wall, each hole having a oblong cross section such that the edge of the hole has longitudinal parts facing each other which are curved and have their convexity facing the inside of the hole.
On connaît déjà par le Brevet français No 77 27358 (publié sous le No 2 402 850), un tube de ce type qui présente, avant déformation, une section transversale oblongue avec deux flancs longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles, cette section transversale pouvant même affecter la forme d'un ovale plus ou moins elliptique.We already know from French Patent No 77 27358 (published under No 2 402 850), a tube of this type which has, before deformation, an oblong cross section with two substantially parallel longitudinal sides, this cross section can even affect the shape of a more or less elliptical oval.
Selon le Brevet précité, on réalise un échangeur de chaleur en partant d'une pluralité de tubes ayant une telle section transversale oblongue et d'une multiplicité d'ailettes présentant en alignement des trous oblongs ayant la forme définie précédemment.According to the aforementioned patent, a heat exchanger is produced starting from a plurality of tubes having such an oblong cross section and a multiplicity of fins having in alignment oblong holes having the shape defined above.
On enfile alors les tubes dans les trous alignés des ailettes puis on déforme les tubes par expansion ou dilatation de manière à les appliquer sous pression contre les bords des trous qui sont généralement entourés par des collets.The tubes are then threaded into the aligned holes of the fins and then the tubes are deformed by expansion or expansion so as to apply them under pressure against the edges of the holes which are generally surrounded by collars.
Après déformation des tubes, leurs parois épousent étroitement la forme des trous et affectent alors une section transversale correspondant à celle des trous des ailettes.After deformation of the tubes, their walls closely follow the shape of the holes and then affect a cross section corresponding to that of the holes in the fins.
Mais, du fait que les tubes ont, avant déformation, des flancs longitudinaux sensiblement parallèles entre eux (voire concaves vers l'intérieur), alors que les bords des trous des ailettes ont des parties longitudinales incurvées à convexité tournée vers l'intérieur, il en résulte que ces tubes subissent une forte striction lors de leur déformation.But, because the tubes have, before deformation, longitudinal sides substantially parallel to each other (or even concave inwards), while the edges of the holes in the fins have curved longitudinal parts with convexity turned inwards, as a result, these tubes undergo a strong constriction during their deformation.
Cette striction se produit avant tout dans les parties arrondies, à faible rayon de courbure, qui relient les flancs longitudinaux des tubes.This necking occurs above all in the rounded parts, with a small radius of curvature, which connect the longitudinal sides of the tubes.
En effet, le jeu entre le bord du trou de l'ailette et le tube (au niveau des parties arrondies du tube) est plus important que le jeu minimal nécessaire à l'enfilage du tube au travers des trous alignés des ailettes.Indeed, the clearance between the edge of the fin hole and the tube (at the rounded parts of the tube) is greater than the minimum clearance required for threading the tube through the aligned holes of the fins.
Cette striction peut générer l'éclatement du tube lors de l'évasement de ses extrémités après assemblage des collecteurs ou plaques à trous qui sont prévus habituellement aux extrémités du faisceau pour recevoir des boîtes à eau.This necking can generate the bursting of the tube during the flaring of its ends after assembly of the collectors or plates with holes which are usually provided at the ends of the bundle to receive water boxes.
Un autre inconvénient de cette technique antérieure réside dans le fait que le gain potentiel de performance que pourrait apporter ce profil de tube ne peut être exploité.Another drawback of this prior art lies in the fact that the potential performance gain that this tube profile could bring cannot be exploited.
En effet, pour un tube qui aurait un rayon de courbure (dans les parties arrondies) identique avant expansion et une largeur égale après expansion, il est préférable d'utiliser un trou d'ailette et un tube de forme ovale car ce tube a une résistance aérodynamique à l'air plus faible, et cela pour une section interne sensiblement équivalente à celle d'un tube après expansion tel qu'obtenu par le Brevet français précité.Indeed, for a tube which would have an identical radius of curvature (in the rounded parts) before expansion and an equal width after expansion, it is preferable to use a fin hole and an oval tube because this tube has a lower aerodynamic resistance to air, and this for an internal section substantially equivalent to that of a tube after expansion as obtained by the aforementioned French patent.
L'invention a notamment pour but de surmonter de tels inconvénients.The object of the invention is in particular to overcome such drawbacks.
Elle propose en conséquence un tube pour échangeur de chaleur, du type défini précédemment, lequel tube présente, avant déformation, une section transversale ayant une forme sensiblement homologue à celle du trou et comportant deux flancs longitudinaux en regard l'un de l'autre qui sont incurvés et ont leur convexité tournée vers l'intérieur du tube, en sorte que le tube présente une largeur extérieure restreinte dans une région où les flancs longitudinaux sont les plus proches l'un de l'autre.It therefore proposes a tube for heat exchanger, of the type defined above, which tube has, before deformation, a cross section having a shape substantially homologous to that of the hole and comprising two longitudinal sides facing each other which are curved and have their convexity turned towards the inside of the tube, so that the tube has a restricted external width in a region where the longitudinal sides are closest to each other.
Ainsi, conformément à l'invention, la section transversale du tube, avant déformation, est sensiblement homologue à celle du trou de l'ailette et présente une forme analogue avec des flancs longitudinaux incurvés ayant une courbure de même sens que celle des parties longitudinales des bords des trous.Thus, according to the invention, the cross section of the tube, before deformation, is substantially homologous to that of the fin hole and has a similar shape with curved longitudinal sides having a curvature in the same direction as that of the longitudinal parts of the edges of the holes.
Ainsi, les flancs longitudinaux du tube et les parties longitudinales du trou ont des convexités de même sens, ce qui n'était pas le cas de la technique antérieure.Thus, the longitudinal sides of the tube and the longitudinal parts of the hole have convexities in the same direction, which was not the case in the prior art.
Il en résulte que le jeu compris entre le trou de l'ailette et le tube, notamment au niveau des parties arrondies et à faible rayon de courbure du tube, peut être faible, c'est-a-dire égal au jeu minimal nécessaire à l'enfilage du tube dans les trous des ailettes.As a result, the clearance between the fin hole and the tube, in particular at the level of the rounded parts and with a small radius of curvature of the tube, may be small, that is to say equal to the minimum clearance necessary for threading the tube through the holes in the fins.
Lorsque le tube est ensuite déformé par expansion ou dilatation, il subit une faible striction, notamment à ses extrémités arrondies à faible rayon de courbure, ce qui évite tout risque d'éclatement ultérieur du tube.When the tube is then deformed by expansion or expansion, it undergoes a narrow necking, in particular at its rounded ends with a small radius of curvature, which avoids any risk of subsequent bursting of the tube.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la section transversale du tube avant déformation et la section transversale du trou sont choisies telles qu'il existe un jeu d'épaisseur sensiblement constante entre le bord du trou et le tube avant déformation, et cela sur toute la périphérie du tube.According to another characteristic of the invention, the cross section of the tube before deformation and the cross section of the hole are chosen such that there is a play of substantially constant thickness between the edge of the hole and the tube before deformation, and this over the entire periphery of the tube.
Ce jeu d'épaisseur sensiblement constante correspond alors au jeu minimal nécessaire à l'enfilage du tube dans les trous alignés des ailettes.This play of substantially constant thickness then corresponds to the minimum play necessary for threading the tube into the aligned holes of the fins.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les deux flancs longitudinaux incurvés du tube sont raccordés entre eux par deux parties arrondies de forme sensiblement circulaire et de rayon choisi.According to another characteristic of the invention, the two curved longitudinal sides of the tube are connected together by two rounded parts of substantially circular shape and of selected radius.
Ce rayon des extrémités arrondies est choisi tel que soit vérifiée la relation ℓ < 2r, où ℓ représente la largeur extérieure restreinte du tube avant déformation et r le rayon des parties arrondies.This radius of the rounded ends is chosen such that the relation ℓ <2r is verified, where ℓ represents the restricted external width of the tube before deformation and r the radius of the rounded parts.
Cette caractéristique permet d'optimiser le jeu entre le tube et le trou de l'ailette et ainsi de réduire l'effort d'expansion et la striction du tube.This characteristic makes it possible to optimize the clearance between the tube and the fin hole and thus to reduce the expansion force and the necking of the tube.
Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le rayon r des extrémités arrondies est tel que soit vérifiée la relation r < 4e, où e désigne l'épaisseur de la paroi du tube avant déformation.According to another characteristic of the invention, the radius r of the rounded ends is such that the relation r <4e is verified, where e denotes the thickness of the wall of the tube before deformation.
Cette seconde caractéristique est la condition nécessaire pour que le tube à flancs longitudinaux incurvés vers l'intérieur ait un coefficient de convexion plus élevé que celui d'un tube de section ovale ayant un rayon r minimal.This second characteristic is the necessary condition for the tube with longitudinal sides curved inwards to have a higher coefficient of convection than that of an oval section tube having a minimum radius r.
Sous un autre aspect, l'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur qui comprend une multiplicité d'ailettes ayant des trous de section transversale oblongue telle que le bord du trou présente des parties longitudinales en regard l'un de l'autre, qui sont incurvés et ont leur convexité tournée vers l'intérieur du trou, ainsi qu'au moins un tube tel que défini précédemment, dont la paroi a été déformée sous pression de manière à être appliquée contre les bords des trous.In another aspect, the invention relates to a heat exchanger which comprises a multiplicity of fins having holes of oblong cross section such that the edge of the hole has longitudinal parts facing each other, which are curved and have their convexity facing the inside of the hole, as well as at least one tube as defined above, the wall of which has been deformed under pressure so as to be applied against the edges of the holes.
Dans la description qui suit, faite seulement à titre d'exemple, on se réfère au dessin annexé, sur lequel :
- la figure 1 est une vue de face d'une partie d'ailette;
- la figure 2 est une vue en section transversale d'un tube selon l'invention avant déformation;
- la figure 3 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 1 après enfilage du tube de la figure 2;
- la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 3 après déformation de la paroi du tube, par dilatation ou expansion pour réaliser l'assemblage entre le tube et les ailettes; et
- la figure 5 est une vue partielle en coupe suivant la ligne V-V de la figure 4.
- Figure 1 is a front view of a fin portion;
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tube according to the invention before deformation;
- Figure 3 is a view similar to that of Figure 1 after threading the tube of Figure 2;
- Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 after deformation of the wall of the tube, by expansion or expansion to achieve the assembly between the tube and the fins; and
- FIG. 5 is a partial view in section along the line VV in FIG. 4.
On se réfère tout d'abord à la figure 1 qui montre une partie d'une ailette 10 de forme générale rectangulaire qui comporte une multiplicité de trous 12 qui, dans l'exemple, sont disposés suivant une seule rangée.First of all, reference is made to FIG. 1 which shows part of a fin 10 of generally rectangular shape which comprises a multiplicity of
Chacun des trous 12 possède une section transversale oblongue telle que le bord du trou présente deux parties longitudinales 14 situées en regard l'une de l'autre, qui sont incurvées et ont leur convexité tournée vers l'intérieur du trou.Each of the
Les deux parties longitudinales 14 sont raccordées par deux parties d'extrémité 16 de forme arrondie qui présentent un rayon de courbure R de valeur choisie.The two
Le trou 12 présente ainsi, dans la région où les deux parties longitudinales 14 sont le plus proches l'une de l'autre, une largeur intérieure restreinte L qui est inférieure à 2R.The
Le trou 12 est bordé, sur tout son pourtour, par un collet 18 de même forme.The
On se réfère maintenant à la figure 2 qui représente un tube 20 selon l'invention, avant déformation.Reference is now made to FIG. 2 which represents a
Le tube 20 possède une section transversale oblongue de forme sensiblement homologue à celle du trou 12, mais de dimension inférieure pour permettre l'enfilage du tube 20, avant déformation, au travers des trous alignés d'une multiplicité d'ailettes 10 disposées parallèlement entre elles.The
Le tube 20 est formé d'un métal ou alliage métallique déformable et il comporte deux flancs longitudinaux 22, disposés en regard l'un de l'autre, qui sont incurvés et ont leur convexité tournée vers l'intérieur du tube. Autrement dit, les flancs longitudinaux 22 ont une courbure de même sens que les parties longitudinales 14 du trou 12.The
Les deux flancs 22 sont raccordés entre eux par deux parties incurvées 24 de forme circulaire présentant un rayon de courbure r qui est inférieur à R.The two
Ainsi, dans la région où les deux flancs 22 sont les plus proches l'un de l'autre, le tube 20 présente une largeur extérieure restreinte ℓ telle que ℓ < 2r.Thus, in the region where the two
Le tube 20 possède une paroi déformable 26 ayant une épaisseur e sensiblement constante.The
Comme on le voit sur la figure 3, la section transversale du trou 12 et la section transversale du tube 20 sont homologues et choisies de telle sorte qu'il existe un jeu j d'épaisseur sensiblement constante entre le bord du trou 12 et le tube 20 avant déformation, et cela sur toute la périphérie du tube.As seen in Figure 3, the cross section of the
Selon une première caractéristique du tube 20, celui-ci satisfait à la relation ℓ < 2r, ce qui permet d'optimiser le jeu j entre le tube et le trou de l'ailette et de réduire l'effort d'expansion et la striction du tube lors de sa déformation ultérieure.According to a first characteristic of the
Le tube 20 satisfait également la relation r < 4e, où e désigne, comme déjà indiqué, l'épaisseur de la paroi 26 du tube avant déformation.The
Cette seconde caractéristique est une condition nécessaire pour que le tube ait un coefficient de convexion plus élevé que celui d'un tube ovale de rayon r minimal.This second characteristic is a necessary condition for the tube to have a higher convection coefficient than that of an oval tube of minimum radius r.
On se réfère maintenant aux figures 4 et 5 pour décrire le procédé de fabrication d'un échangeur de chaleur selon l'invention.Reference is now made to FIGS. 4 and 5 to describe the process for manufacturing a heat exchanger according to the invention.
Pour réaliser un tel échangeur de chaleur, on part d'une multiplicité d'ailettes 10 disposées parallèlement entre elles, de telle sorte que leurs trous respectifs 12 soient alignés, comme montré à la figure 5.To produce such a heat exchanger, one starts from a multiplicity of
On part également d'au moins un tube 20 non déformé tel que décrit précédemment.We also start from at least one non-deformed
Le tube 20 est ensuite enfilé au travers des trous 12 alignés des ailettes, par déplacement axial du tube dans la direction d'alignement des trous. Puis, le tube 20 est déformé par expansion ou dilatation, par exemple au moyen d'un outil du type "olive" (non représenté) introduit axialement dans le tube.The
Le tube est ainsi appliqué sous pression contre les bords des trous et contre les collets des trous.The tube is thus applied under pressure against the edges of the holes and against the collars of the holes.
La déformation du tube s'effectue uniformément sur toute sa périphérie, comme montré schématiquement par les flèches sur la figure 4.The tube is deformed uniformly over its entire periphery, as shown diagrammatically by the arrows in FIG. 4.
La paroi 26 du tube vient ainsi s'appliquer étroitement contre les collets des ailettes pour assurer l'assemblage du tube avec les ailettes et en même temps une bonne liaison thermique entre eux.The
Du fait que le jeu j entre le trou et le tube était sensiblement constant sur toute la périphérie du tube, ce dernier subit une expansion uniforme d'où il résulte une faible striction, notamment au niveau des parties arrondies de sa section.Because the clearance j between the hole and the tube was substantially constant over the entire periphery of the tube, the latter undergoes a uniform expansion from which it results in a narrow necking, in particular at the level of the rounded parts of its section.
L'invention convient tout particulièrement à la réalisation d'échangeurs de chaleur pour véhicules automobiles, en particulier de radiateurs de refroidissement du moteur ou de radiateurs servant au chauffage de l'habitacle.The invention is particularly suitable for producing heat exchangers for motor vehicles, in particular engine cooling radiators or radiators for heating the passenger compartment.
Claims (6)
chaque trou (12) ayant une section transversale oblongue telle que le bord du trou présente des parties longitudinales (14) en regard l'une de l'autre qui sont incurvées et ont leur convexité tournée vers l'intérieur du trou,
caractérisé en ce que le tube (20) présente, avant déformation, une section transversale ayant une forme sensiblement homologue à celle du trou et comportant deux flancs longitudinaux (22) en regard l'un de l'autre qui sont incurvés et ont leur convexité tournée vers l'intérieur du tube, en sorte que le tube (20) présente une largeur extérieure restreinte (ℓ) dans une région où les flancs longitudinaux (22) sont les plus proches l'un de l'autre.Tube for heat exchanger, suitable for passing through a multiplicity of fins (10) through holes (12) which these have, and to then be applied under pressure against the edges of the holes (12) by deformation of its wall (26 ),
each hole (12) having an oblong cross section such that the edge of the hole has longitudinal parts (14) facing each other which are curved and have their convexity facing the inside of the hole,
characterized in that the tube (20) has, before deformation, a cross section having a shape substantially homologous to that of the hole and comprising two longitudinal sides (22) facing each other which are curved and have their convexity turned towards the inside of the tube, so that the tube (20) has a restricted external width (ℓ) in a region where the longitudinal sides (22) are closest to each other.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9408819A FR2722563B1 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 1994-07-15 | TUBE WITH LONG CROSS SECTION FOR HEAT EXCHANGER |
| FR9408819 | 1994-07-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0692692A1 true EP0692692A1 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
Family
ID=9465447
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95110946A Withdrawn EP0692692A1 (en) | 1994-07-15 | 1995-07-12 | Pipe having an oblong cross-section for heat exchanger |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0692692A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9503317A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2722563B1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2906355A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-28 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Tube for a heat exchanger of an automobile vehicle, comprises an oval form cross-sectional boundary with small and large axes, successive undulations defined by a longitudinal periodic variation, and a wall with constant thickness |
| FR2909912A1 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-20 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat exchanger`s metallic blade manufacturing method for motor vehicle, involves forming holes of blade, and realizing collar along holes by tying strip around end holes and slot, where collar has maximum height equal to separation step |
| WO2013068488A1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-16 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Method for producing a heat exchanger and heat exchanger obtained by said method, swage and tube expansion device for implementing said method |
| CN104534897A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 浙江华森散热器制造有限公司 | Expansion pipe type car heat radiator |
| CN104864761A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-08-26 | 纳百川控股有限公司 | Pipeline of heat exchanger and heat exchanger |
| EP2927632A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-07 | MAHLE International GmbH | Heat exchanger |
| DE102017202475A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Bone-shaped heat exchanger tube in cross-section |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2866948B1 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2017-11-24 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | HEAT EXCHANGER WITH IMPROVED FLOW DEFLECTOR |
| FR3037388B1 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2019-07-26 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | WING OF A HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND CORRESPONDING HEAT EXCHANGER |
| GB2628113A (en) * | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-18 | Garvey Seamus | Heat exchange pipes use bobbins to enhance external heat transfer |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1502301A (en) * | 1922-09-06 | 1924-07-22 | Fedders Mfg Co Inc | Radiator |
| DE2030063A1 (en) * | 1969-06-18 | 1971-01-07 | S A. des Usmes Chausson, Asnieres, Hauts-de Seine (Frankreich) | Kuhlrohrbundel and process for its production |
| FR2380088A1 (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1978-09-08 | Thermal Waerme Kaelte Klima | Sheet metal heat exchanger - has tubes of non-circular section secured to sheet by mandrel |
| FR2402850A1 (en) | 1977-09-09 | 1979-04-06 | Ferodo Sa | FINNED TUBE DEVICE FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE RADIATOR, AND THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
| FR2475709A1 (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1981-08-14 | Chausson Usines Sa | TUBE FOR HEAT EXCHANGER AND EXCHANGER WITH COLLECTING PLATE AND MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH TUBE |
| US4327800A (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1982-05-04 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Method of manufacturing heat exchanger core and assembly therefor |
| DE4343731A1 (en) * | 1992-12-24 | 1994-06-30 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Method for fitting a pipe |
-
1994
- 1994-07-15 FR FR9408819A patent/FR2722563B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-07-12 EP EP95110946A patent/EP0692692A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1995-07-14 BR BR9503317A patent/BR9503317A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1502301A (en) * | 1922-09-06 | 1924-07-22 | Fedders Mfg Co Inc | Radiator |
| DE2030063A1 (en) * | 1969-06-18 | 1971-01-07 | S A. des Usmes Chausson, Asnieres, Hauts-de Seine (Frankreich) | Kuhlrohrbundel and process for its production |
| FR2380088A1 (en) * | 1977-02-10 | 1978-09-08 | Thermal Waerme Kaelte Klima | Sheet metal heat exchanger - has tubes of non-circular section secured to sheet by mandrel |
| FR2402850A1 (en) | 1977-09-09 | 1979-04-06 | Ferodo Sa | FINNED TUBE DEVICE FOR A HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE RADIATOR, AND THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS |
| US4327800A (en) * | 1979-09-24 | 1982-05-04 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Method of manufacturing heat exchanger core and assembly therefor |
| FR2475709A1 (en) * | 1980-02-08 | 1981-08-14 | Chausson Usines Sa | TUBE FOR HEAT EXCHANGER AND EXCHANGER WITH COLLECTING PLATE AND MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY COMPRISING SUCH TUBE |
| DE4343731A1 (en) * | 1992-12-24 | 1994-06-30 | Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co | Method for fitting a pipe |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2906355A1 (en) * | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-28 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Tube for a heat exchanger of an automobile vehicle, comprises an oval form cross-sectional boundary with small and large axes, successive undulations defined by a longitudinal periodic variation, and a wall with constant thickness |
| FR2909912A1 (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2008-06-20 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Heat exchanger`s metallic blade manufacturing method for motor vehicle, involves forming holes of blade, and realizing collar along holes by tying strip around end holes and slot, where collar has maximum height equal to separation step |
| WO2013068488A1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-16 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Method for producing a heat exchanger and heat exchanger obtained by said method, swage and tube expansion device for implementing said method |
| FR2982663A1 (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-17 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A HEAT EXCHANGER AND HEAT EXCHANGER OBTAINED BY SAID METHOD, OLIVE AND DEVICE FOR EXPANSION OF TUBES FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
| CN104080556A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2014-10-01 | 法雷奥热系统公司 | Method for producing a heat exchanger and heat exchanger obtained by said method, swage and tube expansion device for implementing said method |
| US9669455B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2017-06-06 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Method for producing a heat exchanger and heat exchanger obtained by said method, swage and tube expansion device for implementing said method |
| EP2927632A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-07 | MAHLE International GmbH | Heat exchanger |
| DE102014206612A1 (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2015-10-29 | Mahle International Gmbh | heat exchangers |
| US10401097B2 (en) | 2014-04-04 | 2019-09-03 | Mahle International Gmbh | Heat exchanger |
| CN104534897A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-22 | 浙江华森散热器制造有限公司 | Expansion pipe type car heat radiator |
| CN104864761A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-08-26 | 纳百川控股有限公司 | Pipeline of heat exchanger and heat exchanger |
| DE102017202475A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 | 2018-08-16 | Mahle International Gmbh | Bone-shaped heat exchanger tube in cross-section |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2722563B1 (en) | 1996-09-06 |
| FR2722563A1 (en) | 1996-01-19 |
| BR9503317A (en) | 1996-07-09 |
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