EP0675257B1 - Electric window of motor-vehicle with safety device - Google Patents
Electric window of motor-vehicle with safety device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0675257B1 EP0675257B1 EP95830112A EP95830112A EP0675257B1 EP 0675257 B1 EP0675257 B1 EP 0675257B1 EP 95830112 A EP95830112 A EP 95830112A EP 95830112 A EP95830112 A EP 95830112A EP 0675257 B1 EP0675257 B1 EP 0675257B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- support element
- auxiliary element
- window pane
- window
- auxiliary
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/40—Safety devices, e.g. detection of obstructions or end positions
- E05F15/41—Detection by monitoring transmitted force or torque; Safety couplings with activation dependent upon torque or force, e.g. slip couplings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
- E05F15/665—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for vertically-sliding wings
- E05F15/689—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for vertically-sliding wings specially adapted for vehicle windows
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F11/00—Man-operated mechanisms for operating wings, including those which also operate the fastening
- E05F11/38—Man-operated mechanisms for operating wings, including those which also operate the fastening for sliding windows, e.g. vehicle windows, to be opened or closed by vertical movement
- E05F11/40—Man-operated mechanisms for operating wings, including those which also operate the fastening for sliding windows, e.g. vehicle windows, to be opened or closed by vertical movement operated by screw mechanism
- E05F11/405—Man-operated mechanisms for operating wings, including those which also operate the fastening for sliding windows, e.g. vehicle windows, to be opened or closed by vertical movement operated by screw mechanism for vehicle windows
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
- E05Y2400/10—Electronic control
- E05Y2400/52—Safety arrangements associated with the wing motor
- E05Y2400/53—Wing impact prevention or reduction
- E05Y2400/54—Obstruction or resistance detection
- E05Y2400/55—Obstruction or resistance detection by using load sensors
- E05Y2400/552—Switches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
- E05Y2900/53—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/55—Windows
Definitions
- the present invention relates to safety devices for electric windows of motor-vehicles of the type indicated in the pre-characterizing portion of Claim 1.
- Safety devices for electric windows of motor-vehicles comprise sensor means including an elongated hollow element of elastically deformable material arranged along the upper edge of the window aperture and containing inside two metal foils which come into contact with each other closing an electric circuit as soon as the intruded body is pushed by the edge of the pane against the elongated hollow element, so as to activate the window control device in order to stop and/or invert the actuating electric motor.
- sensor means including an elongated hollow element of elastically deformable material arranged along the upper edge of the window aperture and containing inside two metal foils which come into contact with each other closing an electric circuit as soon as the intruded body is pushed by the edge of the pane against the elongated hollow element, so as to activate the window control device in order to stop and/or invert the actuating electric motor.
- the object of the present invention is that of providing a safety device for electric windows of motor-vehicles which is of extremely simple and economic manufacture, which may be adapted easily also to windows initially not provided with a safety device, and which at the same time is characterized by a high precision and reliability and ensures therefore a high degree of safety.
- the invention provides a safety device for an electric window of a motor-vehicle as set forth in Claim 1.
- the sensor means are comprised of a proximity electric switch and a striker element cooperating therewith which are supported by the support element and the auxiliary element and come into engagement which each other as a consequence of a relative movement of said elements.
- said spring means are comprised of at least a helical spring mounted on a guide pin carried by said support element and slidably engaged within a corresponding hole of said auxiliary element.
- the device according to the invention is much simpler and more economic with respect to the known devices, it may be adapted easily to a window which is initially not provided with a safety device, and also is characterized by a great precision of operation and by a resulting high degree of safety.
- reference numeral 1 generally designates a motor-vehicle door whose structure comprises a lower panel 2 and a window frame 3 defining a window aperture 4.
- Reference numeral 5 designates the window pane, which is slidably mounted within guides 6, 7, 8, provided in the door structure, between a lowered opened position (shown in figure 1) and a raised closed position.
- a support element 9 which is slidably guided within guide 7 and is moved along this guide by an electric motor 10 whose output shaft, in the case of the illustrated embodiment, is connected through a flexible connecting member 11 to a screw which engages a nut connected to the support element 9.
- electric motor 10 and driving shaft 11 may be provided in any known way and do not fall, taken per se , within the scope of the invention. For this reason, and also in order to render the drawings more simple and easy to understand, said construction details have not been illustrated herein.
- Screw 12 engages a nut 13 which is carried by an auxiliary element 14 which is separate from the support element 9 and is slidably mounted on guide pins 15 of the support element 9 along a direction substantially parallel to the sliding direction of pane 5.
- the sliding movement of the auxiliary element 14 with respect to the support element 9 is also guided by the engagement of a pin 16 of the auxiliary element 14 in a slot 17 of the support element 9.
- Helical springs 18 are mounted on guide pins 15.
- the support element 9 and the auxiliary element 14 are also provided respectively with a proximity micro-switch 19 and a striker member 20 constituted by a screw adjustable in position which come into contact with each other as a result of a movement of support element 9 and auxiliary element 14 towards each other.
- door 1 is also provided with a limit switch 21 able to detect the reaching of the raised position by pane 5 and to deactivate accordingly the safety device, in order to allow the normal closing of the window pane.
- the limit switch can be provided on the auxiliary element 14, so that it is not necessary to deactivate the safety device in the final portion of the closing stage.
- electric motor 10 is activated to move pane 5 between its opened and closed position.
- the rotation of the output shaft of the electric motor 10 is transmitted by the driving shaft 11 to screw 12 which causes a resulting displacement of nut member 13 thereon, since the latter is prevented from rotating.
- Auxiliary element 14 moves along with nut member 13. In case of a downward movement, the auxiliary element 14 transfers its movement to the support element 9, and also to pane 5, through pin 16 which engages the lower end of slot 17 of the support element 9.
- helical springs 18 which have a load sufficient to be exploited to this end.
- auxiliary element 14 If a foreign body intrudes in the window aperture during its closing, opposing the raising of pain 5, the support element 9 consequently stops or slows down, whereas the auxiliary element 14 continues its movement under the action of screw 12.
- the auxiliary element 14 therefore moves upwardly (with reference to figure 2) with respect to support element 9, biasing spring 18 and bringing screw 20 in contact with micro-switch 19, whose activation is used, in a way known per se (not illustrated herein) to stop or invert rotation of electric motor 10.
- auxiliary element 14 has been illustrated as sliding in a vertical direction with respect to the support element 9, whereas the latter is moved along with pane 5 along a direction which is slightly inclined with respect to the vertical direction.
- this different inclination does not causes inconveniences, since the guide pins 14 engage the corresponding holes of auxiliary element 14 with play and since the stroke of the auxiliary element 14 with respect to the support element 9 necessary to activate micro-switch 19 is very reduced and at maximum of some millimetres.
- guide pins 15 and slot 17 may be provided along the same direction of guide 7 which is slightly inclined with respect to the vertical direction.
- the safety device according to the invention is extremely simple and economic to manufacture and at the same time is very effective and reliable. It also may be adapted with simple operations to an electric window which is initially not provided with a safety device of this kind.
- the closed position of the pane 5 is defined by a stop member (not shown) carried by the door structure, which cooperates with support element 9 to stop the pane in its closed position without causing any compression of springs 18.
- the use of microswitch 21 is thereby avoided.
- microswitch 19 is carried by the fixed structure of the door, so as to avoid any electric cable connected to moving parts, whereas screw 20 cooperates with a movable button which transmits its movement to the microswitch through a mechanical transducer, such as a flexible cable.
Landscapes
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to safety devices for electric windows of motor-vehicles of the type indicated in the pre-characterizing portion of Claim 1.
- In the field of electric windows for motor-vehicles, there have been proposed various solutions in order to prevent injures as a consequence of the intrusion of a part of the body, typically a hand, through the window aperture during movement of the latter towards the closed position. A conventional solution to this problem lies in controlling the current absorbed by the electric motor which controls the window pane when this is closed and driving automatically the interruption of the operation and/or the opening of the window in case the absorbed current passes a predetermined value. This solution however does not ensure adequate safety, particularly in case in which the intruded body provides a relatively weak resistance to the closing of the window, such as in the case of a finger of a child.
- Safety devices for electric windows of motor-vehicles are also known, which comprise sensor means including an elongated hollow element of elastically deformable material arranged along the upper edge of the window aperture and containing inside two metal foils which come into contact with each other closing an electric circuit as soon as the intruded body is pushed by the edge of the pane against the elongated hollow element, so as to activate the window control device in order to stop and/or invert the actuating electric motor. This solution is disclosed for example in European patent application No. 300550, in German patent No. 3.427.771 and in German patent application No. 3.206.466. The main drawback of devices of this kind lies in that they imply the arrangement of said metal foils inside the elongated hollow element, with resulting losses of time during manufacture and relatively high costs.
- A device as set forth in the preamble of the attached Claim 1 is disclosed in EP-A-578 529. However in this known solution the support element of the pane is pulled by the auxiliary element during closing of the pane through coupling means which are complicated and expensive and cannot be provided easily to windows originally lacking of a safety device.
- The object of the present invention is that of providing a safety device for electric windows of motor-vehicles which is of extremely simple and economic manufacture, which may be adapted easily also to windows initially not provided with a safety device, and which at the same time is characterized by a high precision and reliability and ensures therefore a high degree of safety.
- In order to achieve this object, the invention provides a safety device for an electric window of a motor-vehicle as set forth in Claim 1.
- Preferably, the sensor means are comprised of a proximity electric switch and a striker element cooperating therewith which are supported by the support element and the auxiliary element and come into engagement which each other as a consequence of a relative movement of said elements.
- In a preferred embodiment, said spring means are comprised of at least a helical spring mounted on a guide pin carried by said support element and slidably engaged within a corresponding hole of said auxiliary element.
- Due to said features, the device according to the invention is much simpler and more economic with respect to the known devices, it may be adapted easily to a window which is initially not provided with a safety device, and also is characterized by a great precision of operation and by a resulting high degree of safety.
- The invention will be now described with reference to the annexed drawings, in which:
- figure 1 is a diagrammatic view, partially in cross-section, of a motor-vehicle door provided with a safety device according to the invention,
- figure 2 shows at an enlarged scale a detail of figure 1, and
- figure 3 is a front view of the detail of figure 2.
- In figure 1, reference numeral 1 generally designates a motor-vehicle door whose structure comprises a lower panel 2 and a window frame 3 defining a window aperture 4.
Reference numeral 5 designates the window pane, which is slidably mounted withinguides - At the base of the
pane 5 there is connected asupport element 9 which is slidably guided withinguide 7 and is moved along this guide by anelectric motor 10 whose output shaft, in the case of the illustrated embodiment, is connected through a flexible connectingmember 11 to a screw which engages a nut connected to thesupport element 9. - The structure and arrangement of
electric motor 10 and drivingshaft 11 may be provided in any known way and do not fall, taken per se, within the scope of the invention. For this reason, and also in order to render the drawings more simple and easy to understand, said construction details have not been illustrated herein. - With reference to figures 2, 3, the screw, driven by the
electric motor 10 through the flexible connectingshaft 11 is illustrated withreference numeral 12.Screw 12 engages anut 13 which is carried by anauxiliary element 14 which is separate from thesupport element 9 and is slidably mounted on guide pins 15 of thesupport element 9 along a direction substantially parallel to the sliding direction ofpane 5. The sliding movement of theauxiliary element 14 with respect to thesupport element 9 is also guided by the engagement of apin 16 of theauxiliary element 14 in aslot 17 of thesupport element 9. Helical springs 18 are mounted on guide pins 15. - The
support element 9 and theauxiliary element 14 are also provided respectively with aproximity micro-switch 19 and astriker member 20 constituted by a screw adjustable in position which come into contact with each other as a result of a movement ofsupport element 9 andauxiliary element 14 towards each other. With reference to figure 1, door 1 is also provided with a limit switch 21 able to detect the reaching of the raised position bypane 5 and to deactivate accordingly the safety device, in order to allow the normal closing of the window pane. Alternatively, the limit switch can be provided on theauxiliary element 14, so that it is not necessary to deactivate the safety device in the final portion of the closing stage. - The operation of the above described device is as follows.
- During normal operation of the electric window,
electric motor 10 is activated to movepane 5 between its opened and closed position. The rotation of the output shaft of theelectric motor 10 is transmitted by thedriving shaft 11 toscrew 12 which causes a resulting displacement ofnut member 13 thereon, since the latter is prevented from rotating.Auxiliary element 14 moves along withnut member 13. In case of a downward movement, theauxiliary element 14 transfers its movement to thesupport element 9, and also to pane 5, throughpin 16 which engages the lower end ofslot 17 of thesupport element 9. During an upward movement, such movement is transferred to thesupport element 9 byhelical springs 18, which have a load sufficient to be exploited to this end. - If a foreign body intrudes in the window aperture during its closing, opposing the raising of
pain 5, thesupport element 9 consequently stops or slows down, whereas theauxiliary element 14 continues its movement under the action ofscrew 12. Theauxiliary element 14 therefore moves upwardly (with reference to figure 2) with respect to supportelement 9, biasingspring 18 and bringingscrew 20 in contact withmicro-switch 19, whose activation is used, in a way known per se (not illustrated herein) to stop or invert rotation ofelectric motor 10. - In the annexed drawings, for simplicity, the
auxiliary element 14 has been illustrated as sliding in a vertical direction with respect to thesupport element 9, whereas the latter is moved along withpane 5 along a direction which is slightly inclined with respect to the vertical direction. As a matter of fact, this different inclination does not causes inconveniences, since theguide pins 14 engage the corresponding holes ofauxiliary element 14 with play and since the stroke of theauxiliary element 14 with respect to thesupport element 9 necessary to activate micro-switch 19 is very reduced and at maximum of some millimetres. At any rate, it is clearly apparent thatguide pins 15 andslot 17 may be provided along the same direction ofguide 7 which is slightly inclined with respect to the vertical direction. - As it is clearly apparent, the safety device according to the invention is extremely simple and economic to manufacture and at the same time is very effective and reliable. It also may be adapted with simple operations to an electric window which is initially not provided with a safety device of this kind.
- In a possible variant, the closed position of the
pane 5 is defined by a stop member (not shown) carried by the door structure, which cooperates withsupport element 9 to stop the pane in its closed position without causing any compression ofsprings 18. The use of microswitch 21 is thereby avoided. In a further variant (not shown),microswitch 19 is carried by the fixed structure of the door, so as to avoid any electric cable connected to moving parts, whereasscrew 20 cooperates with a movable button which transmits its movement to the microswitch through a mechanical transducer, such as a flexible cable.
Claims (8)
- Safety device, for an electric window of a motor-vehicle comprising a window pane (5) which is slidably mounted within guide means (6, 7, 8) between an opened position and a closed position, said device including a support element (9) rigidly connected to the window pane (5) and control means (10 - 13) to move said support element (9) in a direction substantially parallel to the sliding direction of the window pane (5) to cause movement of the window pane (5) between its opened position and its closed position, wherein:- said control means (10 - 13) act directly on an auxiliary element (14) separate from said support (9),- said auxiliary element (14) is slidably mounted on the support element (9) in a direction substantially parallel to the sliding direction of the window pane (5),- spring means (18) are interposed between the auxiliary element (14) and the support element (9),characterized in that said auxiliary element (14) is arranged so as to push said support element (9) through said spring means (18) when the window pane (5) is being closed, whereas said spring means (18) are compressed and the auxiliary element (14) moves closer to the support element (9) triggering said sensor means (19, 20) when the closing movement of the pane is opposed, said device further comprising cooperating abutment elements (16, 17) on the auxiliary element (14) and the support element (9) to cause the latter to move along with the auxiliary element (14) when the window pane is being opened.so that an upward movement of the auxiliary element (14) caused by said control means is transferred to the support element (9) and the window pane (5) connected thereto, which move along with the auxiliary element (14), whereas in the case a closing movement of the window pane (5) is opposed by the intrusion of a foreign body in the window aperture (4), the auxiliary element (14) moves with respect to the support element (9) against the action of said spring means (18),there are provided sensor means (19, 20) for sensing a relative movement of the auxiliary element (14) with respect to the support element (9), to stop and/or invert the movement of the window pane (5) in case the closing of the window pane is opposed,
- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said auxiliary element (14) is slidably mounted on the support element (9) through a pin-and-slot coupling (16, 17).
- Device according to claim 2, characterized in that said spring means (18) are constituted by helical springs (18) mounted on guide pins (15) carried by the support element (9) and engaged within corresponding holes of the auxiliary element (14).
- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said sensor means are constituted by a proximity micro-switch (19) and a striker element (20) carried by the support element (9) and the auxiliary element (14).
- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that said striker element (20) is constituted by a screw adjustable in position.
- Device according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a proximity micro-switch (21) able to detect the closing of the window to deactivate the safety device at the reaching of the closed position.
- Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a stop member is provided, carried by a fixed structure, adapted to cooperate with said support element (9) to stop the pane (5) in its closed position without causing any compression of said spring means (18).
- Electric window for a motor-vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a safety device according to any of Claims 1-7.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITTO940236A IT1273093B (en) | 1994-03-30 | 1994-03-30 | SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC WINDOWS OF VEHICLES |
ITTO940236 | 1994-03-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0675257A1 EP0675257A1 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
EP0675257B1 true EP0675257B1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
Family
ID=11412395
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95830112A Expired - Lifetime EP0675257B1 (en) | 1994-03-30 | 1995-03-28 | Electric window of motor-vehicle with safety device |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0675257B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69500321T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2105863T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1273093B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2319805A (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1998-06-03 | Btr Sealing Systems | Safety system for automotive window moving systems |
US6291957B1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-09-18 | Meritor Light Vehicle Systems, Inc. | Obstruction sensing utilizing lateral forces on a moving window |
DE10053317C1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-07-11 | Audi Ag | Vehicle door support has two support elements and support surfaces fixed to sill beam, with drive mechanism |
DE102006026460A1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2007-12-06 | Brose Fahrzeugteile Gmbh & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Coburg | Clamping protection device for cable window lift of motor vehicle, has detection device detecting clamping-fall and having two spring units that are deformed, where detection device detects clamping-fall based on deformation of units |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2225003A (en) * | 1938-09-06 | 1940-12-17 | Internat Elevator Company | Door operating mechanism |
GB1514570A (en) * | 1975-12-20 | 1978-06-14 | Westinghouse Brake & Signal | Door actuating mechanisms |
FR2534306A1 (en) * | 1982-10-07 | 1984-04-13 | Peugeot Aciers Et Outillage | WINDOW REGULATOR FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE DOOR, INCLUDING AN ELECTRONIC WINDOW POSITION CONTROL CIRCUIT |
FR2693568B1 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-09-30 | Rockwell Abs France | Safety device for electric vehicle openings, in particular window regulators and opening roofs, and an opening incorporating this device. |
FR2693589B1 (en) * | 1992-07-10 | 1994-09-30 | Rockwell Abs France | Safety device for electric vehicle openings, of the type with a drive cable for a movable member, in particular window glass and sunroofs. |
-
1994
- 1994-03-30 IT ITTO940236A patent/IT1273093B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1995
- 1995-03-28 ES ES95830112T patent/ES2105863T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-28 EP EP95830112A patent/EP0675257B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-28 DE DE69500321T patent/DE69500321T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1273093B (en) | 1997-07-04 |
ITTO940236A0 (en) | 1994-03-30 |
ITTO940236A1 (en) | 1995-09-30 |
ES2105863T3 (en) | 1997-10-16 |
DE69500321T2 (en) | 1997-10-02 |
EP0675257A1 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
DE69500321D1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
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