EP0674971B1 - Method of processing a workpiece - Google Patents
Method of processing a workpiece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0674971B1 EP0674971B1 EP19950301920 EP95301920A EP0674971B1 EP 0674971 B1 EP0674971 B1 EP 0674971B1 EP 19950301920 EP19950301920 EP 19950301920 EP 95301920 A EP95301920 A EP 95301920A EP 0674971 B1 EP0674971 B1 EP 0674971B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- stem
- head
- valve
- grinding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
- B24B5/28—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work for grinding outer surfaces concentrically to bores, involving additional centering means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B15/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding seat surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B15/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding seat surfaces; Accessories therefor on valve members
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of processing a workpiece to make a poppe-t valve such as an engine valve used in an internal combustion engine.
- Material is molded by forging to make a workpiece which comprises a larger diameter head and a stem, and a poppet valve such as an engine valve is manufactured through various mechanical processing steps, which include cutting the end of the stem; grinding the outer circumferential surface of the stem; chamfering the end of the stem; cutting a cotter groove; and grinding a head.
- a poppet valve such as an engine valve
- the end of the stem is cut to define the total length of the forged workpiece, and then, the outer circumferential surface of the stem is ground.
- the rotary shafts of the rotating grinding and adjusting wheels are not in parallel, so that thrust force is applied to the workpiece in grinding in a direction of retracting direction, while the outer circumferential surface of the stem is ground such that the head is projected between the grinding and adjusting wheels, so that the end of the workpiece is engaged with a stopper between the grinding and adjusting wheels and is thus positioned.
- the ground range is determined between the engaged end and the front end of the grinding wheel.
- the length of the stem is different as forged material (at largest about 5 cm is variable in the total length of 10 cm)
- the ground range is determined from the engaged end, the distance is variable between the head and the ground portion. So, prior to grinding, the stem must be cut to determine the total length of the workpiece.
- forged material is rotatably supported by a plurality of support rollers, and the end face of the head is engaged with a loader head and positioned.
- the workpiece itself is rotated, and the stem of the workpiece is cut by a rotating grindstone.
- black skin of the forged material is stuck on the outer circumferential surface of the support roller, thereby causing unsmooth rotation of the support rollers or workpiece, and increasing wear of the outer circumferential surface of the support roller.
- the black skin is formed by a mold releasing agent which is burnt on the material during hot forging.
- the stem which has bending or warping is supported by the support roller, and a little deviation occurs in the total length, thereby decreasing accuracy in the ground range when the stem is ground.
- FR-A-979,744 discloses a method of processing a workpiece having a larger diameter head and stem, by grinding the outer circumference of the stem followed by cutting the stem to a certain distance from an end of the head.
- a stem 1a is put between grinding and adjusting wheels 2 and 3 of a centerless grinder as shown in a left portion of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
- the workpiece 1 to be processed is put on a workpiece support plate, and the space is reduced, so that the stem 1a of the workpiece 1 is put between the grinding and adjusting wheels 2 and 3.
- the grinding wheel 2 is rotated at high speed by a first motor 4 via a first rotary shaft 5.
- the adjusting wheel 3 is rotated by a second motor 6 via a second rotary shaft 7 in the same direction as that of the grinding wheel 2 at speed lower than that of the grinding wheel 2, so that the workpiece 1 is rotated in a direction opposite to the grinding wheel 2 on the workpiece support plate, thereby grinding the outer circumferential surface of the stem 1a.
- a head 1b which has diameter larger than the stem 1a is provided at one end of the stem 1a of the workpiece 1 and is projected forward on the grinding and adjusting wheels 2 and 3 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
- the end face of the head 1b is engaged with a loader head 8 as a stopper
- the rear end face of the stem 1a is engaged with a pusher 9 which is inserted between the grinding and adjusting wheels 2 and 3
- the loader head 8 comprises a support shaft 8a and a bottom-having cylindrical head 8b which is connected to the end of the shaft 8a by a spherical bearing(not shown) rotatably and somewhat shakably.
- the outer circumferential surface of the stem 1a is thus ground. Even if there is variation in length of the stem 1a or even if rearward thrust force is given to the workpiece 1, the workpiece 1 is ground at backward portion at a certain distance from the end face of the head 1b.
- the rotary shaft 7 of the adjusting wheel 3 is inclined upward in a front direction with respect to the rotary shaft 5 of the grinding wheel 2, so that rearward thrust force is applied to the workpiece 1. Therefore, forward pressing force to the workpiece 1 by the pusher 9 must be larger than the thrust force. But, the rotary shaft 7 is slightly inclined downward in a forward direction, so that forward thrust force is applied to the workpiece, which is pressed towards the loader head 8 by the thrust force, so that pressing force to the workpiece 1 by the pusher 9 may be relatively small.
- the workpiece 1 is placed between two driving rollers 10a, 10a and two driven rollers 10b, 10b as support rollers 10.
- a driving shaft 11 through the two driving rollers 10a, 10a is rotatably supported by an intermediate bearing, and is driven by a motor 13 via driving and driven gears 14 and 15.
- the two driven rollers 10b, 10b are arranged against the driving rollers 10a, 10a, and a rotary shaft 11 is rotatably supported by an intermediate bearing 12.
- the axis of the driving shaft 11 of the driving roller 10a is horizontal, while the axis of the rotary shaft 16 of the driven roller 10b is slightly inclined upward in a front direction. (The lower parts in Figs. 1 and 3 are front.)
- the end of the head 1b of the workpiece 1 is engaged on a loader head 18 having a shaft 18a and a head 18b, similar to the loader head 8 in Fig. 2.
- a loader head 18 having a shaft 18a and a head 18b, similar to the loader head 8 in Fig. 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Description
The present invention relates to a method of
processing a workpiece to make a poppe-t valve such as an
engine valve used in an internal combustion engine.
Material is molded by forging to make a workpiece
which comprises a larger diameter head and a stem, and a
poppet valve such as an engine valve is manufactured
through various mechanical processing steps, which include
cutting the end of the stem; grinding the outer
circumferential surface of the stem; chamfering the end of
the stem; cutting a cotter groove; and grinding a head.
In a conventional method, the end of the stem is cut to
define the total length of the forged workpiece, and then,
the outer circumferential surface of the stem is ground.
In a conventional centerless grinder, when the
stem of the workpiece is ground, the range for grinding
must be set from the end of the workpiece, and the total
length of the workpiece must be set in advance.
In such a centerless grinder, the rotary shafts of
the rotating grinding and adjusting wheels are not in
parallel, so that thrust force is applied to the workpiece
in grinding in a direction of retracting direction, while
the outer circumferential surface of the stem is ground
such that the head is projected between the grinding and
adjusting wheels, so that the end of the workpiece is
engaged with a stopper between the grinding and adjusting
wheels and is thus positioned. The ground range is
determined between the engaged end and the front end of
the grinding wheel.
When the length of the stem is different as forged
material (at largest about 5 cm is variable in the total
length of 10 cm), if the ground range is determined from
the engaged end, the distance is variable between the head
and the ground portion. So, prior to grinding, the stem
must be cut to determine the total length of the workpiece.
In the foregoing method as above, forged material is
rotatably supported by a plurality of support rollers, and the
end face of the head is engaged with a loader head and
positioned. By rotating and driving the support rollers, the
workpiece itself is rotated, and the stem of the workpiece is
cut by a rotating grindstone. But, black skin of the forged
material is stuck on the outer circumferential surface of the
support roller, thereby causing unsmooth rotation of the
support rollers or workpiece, and increasing wear of the outer
circumferential surface of the support roller. The black skin
is formed by a mold releasing agent which is burnt on the
material during hot forging.
The stem which has bending or warping is supported by the
support roller, and a little deviation occurs in the total
length, thereby decreasing accuracy in the ground range when
the stem is ground.
FR-A-979,744 discloses a method of processing a workpiece
having a larger diameter head and stem, by grinding the outer
circumference of the stem followed by cutting the stem to a
certain distance from an end of the head.
In view of the foregoing disadvantages involved in the
prior art, according to the present invention, it is an object
to provide a method of processing a workpiece to increase
accuracy in size of the workpiece; to decrease wear of a
support roller when a stem of the workpiece is cut; and to
assure smooth rotation of the support roller and the
workpiece.
To achieve the object, according to the present
invention, there is provided a method of processing a
workpiece in accordance with Claim 1.
The features and advantages of the present
invention will become more apparent on the basis of the
following description with respect to accompanying
drawings wherein:
In a workpiece 1 which is forged by hot squeezing
to make an engine valve, a stem 1a is put between grinding
and adjusting wheels 2 and 3 of a centerless grinder as
shown in a left portion of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. By opening
a space between the grinding and adjusting wheels 2 and 3,
the workpiece 1 to be processed is put on a workpiece
support plate, and the space is reduced, so that the stem
1a of the workpiece 1 is put between the grinding and
adjusting wheels 2 and 3. The grinding wheel 2 is rotated
at high speed by a first motor 4 via a first rotary shaft
5. The adjusting wheel 3 is rotated by a second motor 6
via a second rotary shaft 7 in the same direction as that
of the grinding wheel 2 at speed lower than that of the
grinding wheel 2, so that the workpiece 1 is rotated in a
direction opposite to the grinding wheel 2 on the
workpiece support plate, thereby grinding the outer
circumferential surface of the stem 1a.
A head 1b which has diameter larger than the stem
1a is provided at one end of the stem 1a of the workpiece
1 and is projected forward on the grinding and adjusting
wheels 2 and 3 as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The end face of
the head 1b is engaged with a loader head 8 as a stopper ,
and the rear end face of the stem 1a is engaged with a
pusher 9 which is inserted between the grinding and
adjusting wheels 2 and 3, The loader head 8 comprises a
support shaft 8a and a bottom-having cylindrical head 8b
which is connected to the end of the shaft 8a by a
spherical bearing(not shown) rotatably and somewhat
shakably.
The outer circumferential surface of the stem 1a
is thus ground. Even if there is variation in length of
the stem 1a or even if rearward thrust force is given to
the workpiece 1, the workpiece 1 is ground at backward
portion at a certain distance from the end face of the
head 1b.
In a conventional centerless grinder, the rotary
shaft 7 of the adjusting wheel 3 is inclined upward in a
front direction with respect to the rotary shaft 5 of the
grinding wheel 2, so that rearward thrust force is applied
to the workpiece 1. Therefore, forward pressing force to
the workpiece 1 by the pusher 9 must be larger than the
thrust force. But, the rotary shaft 7 is slightly
inclined downward in a forward direction, so that forward
thrust force is applied to the workpiece, which is pressed
towards the loader head 8 by the thrust force, so that
pressing force to the workpiece 1 by the pusher 9 may be
relatively small.
Grinding the stem 1a causes no bending or warping
of the stem 1a of the workpiece 1 after processing of hot
squeeze forging, and removes black skin which is formed
from a mold releasing agent.
Then, the workpiece 1 in which the outer
circumferential surface of the stem 1a is ground and
transferred to a cutting device in Figs. 1 and 3. In the
cutting device, the workpiece 1 is placed between two
driving rollers 10a, 10a and two driven rollers 10b, 10b
as support rollers 10. A driving shaft 11 through the two
driving rollers 10a, 10a is rotatably supported by an
intermediate bearing, and is driven by a motor 13 via
driving and driven gears 14 and 15. The two driven
rollers 10b, 10b are arranged against the driving rollers
10a, 10a, and a rotary shaft 11 is rotatably supported by
an intermediate bearing 12. After the driven roller 10b
is drawn apart from the driving roller 10a, the workpiece
1 is placed therebetween by drawing the driven roller 10b
towards the driving roller 10a on a workpiece support
plate(not shown).
The axis of the driving shaft 11 of the driving
roller 10a is horizontal, while the axis of the rotary
shaft 16 of the driven roller 10b is slightly inclined
upward in a front direction. (The lower parts in Figs. 1
and 3 are front.) The end of the head 1b of the workpiece
1 is engaged on a loader head 18 having a shaft 18a and a
head 18b, similar to the loader head 8 in Fig. 2. By
forward thrust force which is caused by slightly inclining
the rotary shaft upward in a front direction, the
workpiece 1 is pushed against the loader head 18 and is
thus positioned correctly, in which a cutting grinding
wheel 19 which rotates at high speed 19 is allowed to come
near the stem of the workpiece 1, which is cut.
Therefore, the workpiece 1 is thrust towards the loader
head 18, so that the total length of the engine valve
which is distance from the head to the cut position, is
always determined accurately.
The foregoings merely relates to an embodiment of
the present invention. Various changes and modifications
may be made by person skilled in the art without departing
from the scope of claims.
Claims (1)
- A method of processing a poppet valve (1) which comprises a valve stem (1a) and a valve head (1b), the method comprising the steps of:grinding an outer circumferential surface of the valve stem (1a) while the end of the valve head (1b) is engaged with a first stopper (8) to position the poppet valve (1); andcutting the valve stem (1a) at a predetermined distance from the end of the valve head (1b) while the outer circumferential surface of a ground portion of the valve stem (1a) is supported by a plurality of support rollers (10a, 10b), the end face of the valve head (1b) being engaged on a second stopper (18), wherein
a rotary shaft (16) of one (10b) of the support rollers is slightly inclined so that the poppet valve (1) is pressed onto the second stopper (18), thus cutting of the valve stem (1a) always at a predetermined position to keep a total length of the poppet valve (1) equal.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61470/94 | 1994-03-30 | ||
| JP6147094 | 1994-03-30 | ||
| JP27084094A JPH07314300A (en) | 1994-03-30 | 1994-11-04 | Centerless grinding machine |
| JP270840/94 | 1994-11-04 | ||
| JP300715/94 | 1994-12-05 | ||
| JP6300715A JPH08155747A (en) | 1994-12-05 | 1994-12-05 | Working method for umbrella type workpiece |
| EP95301796 | 1995-03-17 | ||
| EP95301796A EP0674970A1 (en) | 1994-03-30 | 1995-03-17 | Centreless grinder |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0674971A1 EP0674971A1 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
| EP0674971B1 true EP0674971B1 (en) | 1998-01-14 |
Family
ID=27443091
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19950301920 Expired - Lifetime EP0674971B1 (en) | 1994-03-30 | 1995-03-22 | Method of processing a workpiece |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0674971B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69501414T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103624183B (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-06-17 | 浙江金固股份有限公司 | Special equipment for deburring of hub valve hole |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2110931A (en) * | 1935-10-23 | 1938-03-15 | Eaton Mfg Co | Machine tool |
| US2151528A (en) * | 1936-02-14 | 1939-03-21 | Black & Decker Mfg Co | Valve stem grinder |
| FR979744A (en) * | 1948-01-28 | 1951-05-02 | Method and machine for shaping objects by grinding | |
| EP0456590B1 (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1994-04-13 | Serdi - Societe D'etudes De Realisation Et De Diffusion Industrielles | Valve head grinding device, particularly for an internal combustion engine |
-
1995
- 1995-03-22 EP EP19950301920 patent/EP0674971B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-22 DE DE1995601414 patent/DE69501414T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0674971A1 (en) | 1995-10-04 |
| DE69501414T2 (en) | 1998-04-23 |
| DE69501414D1 (en) | 1998-02-19 |
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