EP0669176A2 - Process for manufacturing of resilient, ball shaped articles - Google Patents

Abstract

A length of foil is given perforation-type cuts. These are stretched in width, and then folded, cut to length, and rolled cylindrically. The ends are twisted, and the elements and rolled continuously to form spherical formed bodies. The foil length is stretched to pref. three times its width, and is then folded to double pref. treble layers. The cut cylindrical parts are twice as long as their diameter. The device to carry out the process, consists of a cutter unit (2) with stacked rollers. These have blade-like upper smooth cutter knives (3) and intermediate discs (4), and lower cutting knives (5).

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing dimensionally stable, spherical bodies which consist of sheet-like, preferably corrosion-resistant material webs, in particular of metal, paper, cardboard, plastic, or a combination by coating, and a device for carrying out the method.

According to EP 0 486 464, a device for forming dimensionally stable, bale-like shaped bodies made of thin-fiber material is known. Here, the thin-fiber or stretched metal material to be formed is fed bundled to a cutting and pressing device, the cutting device being connected upstream of a guiding and clamping device and being mounted such that it can be pushed back and forth in the feed direction of the bundled metal material. The cutting device consists of a knife which is arranged transversely to the feed direction of the metal material and can be moved in opposite directions. The cutting edges are formed by round holes through which the metal material is passed and cut. The molded body is created by pressurization and molding bulges. Clamping elements are formed by hydraulically movable clamping stamps.

Furthermore, according to AT-PS 378 926, a device for producing expanded material is known, the film, which initially receives intermittent cuts, being guided in pairs of rollers, which are wrapped in toothed belts, are clamped at their edges into the engaging teeth. A casserole is used to stretch the slit film. The casserole body is arranged as a fixed component in the stretching device and also has an adapted shape at the point of contact with the stretch film.

The disadvantage is that this is a device in the first-mentioned type, which consists of predominantly oscillating parts, such as cutting and clamping device and there is no continuous process of forming. The production of such moldings is time-consuming and uneconomical. In the case mentioned further, it is disadvantageous that these casseroles are each fixed parts over which the expanded material slides and leaves dust particles behind due to abrasion, which in turn are carried along as contamination. In addition, even stretching is not possible.

Starting from this prior art, the object of the invention was to develop a method which allows the continuous production of stretch material without oscillating masses of the machine parts. In addition, no solid and rubbing elements should be included in order to guarantee an exact stretching over the entire width of the stretching material. According to the invention, the aim is achieved by a film web which receives perforation-like interfaces at certain intervals in the running direction and transversely offset, the interfaces are expanded in width and then folded, these are cut into pieces, rolled up cylindrically, twisted at the ends and continuously rolled into spherical shaped bodies .

It is thereby achieved that the production of spherical or cylindrical bodies formed from expanded material is economically possible in large quantities and filled in gas or gas tanks to prevent explosive burns.

This method for producing molded articles in large numbers is advantageously used after further training if the film web is stretched preferably three times as wide and folded into a two-, preferably three-layered structure, the capped, multi-layered structures as cylindrical parts having a length have which is twice the diameter.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if a device is provided to carry out the method, which consists of a cutting and stretching device and a rolling device, the cutting device consisting of superimposed rollers, which consist of disk-like, upper smooth cutting knives and washers on the one hand and on the other hand from lower ones Cutting knives is formed, these cutting knives alternately having cutouts on the side in the cutting area and the spaces between the cutouts forming the cutting length.

It is also advantageous if the stretching device consists of superimposed deflection roller pairs, the drive means, preferably wrapped in toothed belts, which have radially outward-pointing teeth and these teeth clamp their edges along the film web for forward movement, with a casserole body between the deflection roller pairs in the film longitudinal direction , e.g. a bow-shaped stretch spring or a roller movable on a shaft is used, which is anchored via a bearing fork to a trestle, is pivotable and stretches the perforated film web in a C-shape.

It is advantageous if the roller consists of at least two roller halves, preferably four roller halves, each with a decreasing diameter from the roller means and can be rotated and axially displaced independently of one another on a shaft, and the roller or roller halves on the running surface facing the stretch material has an approximately axially directed profile and / or contains a coating which promotes sliding, the roller halves being designed as hollow shells or wire bodies, while a hollow shell is a connecting element, for example a ring or Contains webs, which allows a constriction in the middle part of the expanded material.

It is also advantageous if the upper toothed belt is in meshing engagement with the lower toothed belt and can be driven via the lower deflection rollers with the drive pinion in between with the motor, the roller or roller halves being mounted as loose rollers and being movable with the stretch material web movement by friction, or depending on the strength of the stretch material, a synchronous drive is provided.

It is also advantageous if in the curling device the film web is overlapping, preferably folding in three layers, deflecting via a needle roller, a pair of knives, e.g. fixed upper knife and a rotating drum attached, with this moving lower knife feeds and cuts the film into even pieces.

It is also advantageous if the rotating drum has a recess from which the material can be guided radially to the outside, with the annular space forming the housing, by reducing the annular space by a rolling-in web arranged helically on the lateral surface of the drum, with a baffle, e.g. Pressure cloth or the like. Constricting means, cylindrical rolled pieces of cap through the rough surface of the ring wall spherical, or at least rolled into square cylinders.

It is thereby achieved that when using this method for producing spherical shaped bodies, there is a continuous process and that large amounts of these shaped bodies can be produced in a simple manner.

• Fig. 1 Schematische Darstellung der Einrichtung
• Fig. 2 Schneideinrichtung
• Fig. 3 Draufsicht auf die Schneideinrichtung
• Fig. 4 Streckeinrichtung
• Fig. 5 Draufsicht auf den Auflaufkörper
• Fig. 6 Ausbildung der Zahnriemen
• Fig. 7 Schnitt durch das Folienband
• Fig. 8 Einrollvorrichtung
• Fig. 9 Draufsicht auf die Einrollvorrichtung
• Fig. 10 Anordnung der Kappmesser
• Fig. 11 Seitenansicht der Streckeinrichtung
• Fig. 12 Querschnitt der Einrichtung
• Fig. 13 Ausbildung der Rolle
• Fig. 14 Weitere Ausbildung der Rolle

The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. Show it:

• Fig. 1 Schematic representation of the device
• Fig. 2 cutting device
• Fig. 3 top view of the cutting device
• Fig. 4 stretching device
• Fig. 5 top view of the casserole
• Fig. 6 training of the timing belt
• Fig. 7 section through the film strip
• Fig. 8 curling device
• Fig. 9 top view of the curling device
• Fig. 10 arrangement of the cutting knife
• Fig. 11 side view of the stretching device
• Fig. 12 cross section of the device
• Fig. 13 training of the role
• Fig. 14 Further training of the role

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the method for producing dimensionally stable spherical bodies by the device for carrying out the method is shown schematically. The film web 1 is guided in the running direction 10 to the cutting device 2. This consists of superimposed cutting blades 3 with washers 4 and the underlying cutting blades 5, which form a roller, consist of several layers and are placed on a shaft. Furthermore, the drive motor 6 is still attached to the lower shaft of the lower cutting knife 5 on the same shaft. The cutting knives 5 are thus driven and the upper cutting knives 3 are also moved by friction.

A clamping device 7 is provided at the connection of the cutting device 2. This consists of deflection rollers 8, such that the film web 1 is pulled down. A tension spring 9 gives the film web 1 the necessary pretension.

The stretching device 11 then follows, which holds the film web 1 on both sides approximately in the middle of the deflection rollers 14a. A toothed belt 12 is looped on both sides over the upper deflection rollers 14a. The lower deflection rollers 14b are arranged at the same location as the upper deflection rollers 14a, but on the underside of the film web 1. In addition, further deflection rollers 14c are provided, which serve to place the drive motor 15a between the lower deflection rollers 14c. The toothed belts 12 and 13 have teeth pointing radially outwards. After the motor 15a lies between the lowermost deflection rollers 14c, the motor 15a or its drive pinion 15 can engage in the toothed belt 13, since the wrap angle is large enough. The upper toothed belt 12 now meshes with the lower toothed belt 13 and in between are the edges of the film web 1. The motor 15a thus drives the lower toothed belt 13, the upper toothed belt 12 and the edges of the film web 1 clamped between them.

After the film web 1 has already been perforated in the cutting device 2, the film web 1 reaches the edge fastening via a stretching spring 16 as an overrun body or similar stretching element, so that the film web 1 is preferably stretched three times the width to the film web 1a. The film web 1 a stretched in this way in a C-shape leaves the stretching device 11.

The rolling device 17 consists of a housing 25 which has an opening 18. Here the stretched film web 1 reaches the nozzle 19. This causes the roll to roll, for example into a three-layer bundle. A needle roller 20 with drive ensures the transport of the now bundled film 1 and directs it to a drum 23. An upper knife 21 is attached to the housing, while the lower knife 22 is attached to the rotating drum 23. On the outside of the drum 23, a helically projecting roll-in web 30 is provided on the circumference, in which the cylindrical cap pieces 31 are shaped into spherical bodies 31a. About ejection 26 the goods get into the collecting container 35.

2 shows the design and mode of operation of the cutting device 2 in more detail. The upper cutting knife 3 is designed as a smooth disk and the intermediate disks 4 are fastened on a shaft 29 in alternating order with a smaller diameter. The lower cutting knife 5 is provided in the same way with washers 4 of the same thickness, the two cutting knives 3, 5 overlapping, i.e. form a pair of knives, are offset. The lower cutting knife 5 has now been distributed uniformly over the circumference of the cutting edge, with the same number of recesses 27, 28 on both sides.

3 shows the top view of the cutting device 2, in particular of the cutting knife 5. Here, the recesses 27, 28 can be seen offset on both sides. The number of cutting knives 5 and the intermediate disks 4 corresponds at least to the width of the film web 1. These cutting knives 5 are mounted on the shaft 29. The same applies to the upper cutting blades 3.

FIG. 4 illustrates the stretching device 11. Upper deflection rollers 14a and lower deflection rollers 14b are wrapped in toothed belts 12 and 13. Here, the teeth 12a, 13a are directed outwards. The lower toothed belt 13 is somewhat longer, so that further deflection rollers 14c can be accommodated. A drive pinion 15 with a motor 15a is arranged between the deflection rollers 14c. Seen in the free space between the deflection rollers 14a, 14b and the following deflection rollers in the direction of travel, there is possibly an overrun body 16, e.g. arranged as a spring clip or the like and points with its curved end upwards. The vertical center distances of the deflection rollers 14a, 14b are designed so that the toothed belts 12, 13 are constantly engaged and hold the edges of the film tap 1. If the motor 15a is now put into operation, the film web 1 moves over the stretching device 16 and thus expands the film web 1 to approximately three times the width.

5 shows the top view of the stretching device 11. The track width of the deflection rollers 14a, 14b is dimensioned such that the film web 1 is only clamped in with the edges. The casserole body 16 is designed here as a spring clip.

6 a and b show a section of the toothed belts 12, 13 with the film web 1 lying therebetween. It is essential that the side flanks of the teeth take an angle of, for example, 60 in order to ensure that the film web 1 is firmly clamped in place.

7 shows in section the stretched film web 1a, which has now approximately C-shaped three times the width of the previous film web 1.

8, the curling device 17 is shown. There is an opening 18 on the housing 25 in the upper region and behind it is the nozzle 19. Here, the film web 1 is rolled up in approximately three layers to the film web 1 b. With the help of a needle roller 20 with drive, the film web 1 b is fed and is deflected by 90 downwards. A drum 23 is now arranged in the lower area and can be rotated by a motor 24. An upper knife 21 is arranged fixed to the housing, while the lower knife 22 is fastened to the rotating drum 23. On the outside of the drum 23, a curling web 30 directed upward is attached. This roll bar 30 forms with the housing 25 an annular space 32 in which the cap pieces 31 are received and rolled in a cylindrical shape. The ends of the end caps are additionally compressed during the rolling process. The cap pieces 31 have an approximately double length than the diameter.

The annular space 32 is gradually narrowed, so that the cap pieces 31 assume an approximately spherical shape and are removed at the ejection 26.

FIG. 9 shows a top view of the curling device 17. The film web 1a is introduced into the housing 25 via the nozzle 19 as a film web 1, deflected downward with the needle roller 20 and fed to the cutting knives 21, 22. With the help of the pressure cloth 33 or a baffle or the like. Constricting means that protrudes from the drum 23 into the annular space 32, the cap pieces 31 are rolled up. The discharge takes place by ejection 26.

10 shows an enlarged detail of the drum 23, in particular the position of the upper knife 21 fixed to the housing and the arrangement of the lower knife 22 rotating with the drum 23. These are overlapping at the ends and arranged at an acute angle β in order to achieve a good shear effect achieve. In the drum 23 there is also a recess 34 which conveys the cap pieces 31 into the annular space 32 and constricts them with the aid of a movable baffle, for example a pressure cloth 33 or the like, which forces a rolling movement. The cap pieces 31 emerging from the drum 23 lie against the inner surface of the housing 25, ie favored by the rough surface of the wall of the annular space 32 and are gripped and wound up by the chicane at the top. In this case, the ends of the cap pieces 31 are twisted, that is to say compressed, and finally rolled into spherical bodies or at least into square cylinders. Due to the narrowing gap height between the moving spiral surfaces and the housing base, the wound cap pieces 31 are rolled around an axis perpendicular to the drum axis se, whereby the coil is formed into a ball or at least an approximately square cylinder.

A further embodiment of the stretching device is shown in a side view in FIG. 11. The roller 36 is rotatably supported on the shaft 40 in a bearing fork 37. At the other end, the bearing fork 37 is supported on a bearing block 39 and allows pivoting around the pivot point of the bearing block 39 in a certain area according to arrow 38. Furthermore, a pair of deflecting rollers 43, 44 are arranged before and after the roller 36, respectively upper pulleys 43 a toothed belt 12 is looped. Likewise, a toothed belt 13 is wrapped around the lower pulleys 44. The two toothed belts 12, 13 each have outwardly directed teeth 12a, 13a and are in permanent meshing engagement between the axes 41, 42 of the deflecting rollers 43, 44. The axial spacings of the axes 41, 42 in the vertical direction are selected so that the expanded material 1 is clamped at the edges. The lower toothed belt 13 is set in motion by a drive (to the right in FIG. 11), the upper toothed belt 12 also being moved by the meshing engagement. Likewise, the stretch material 1 is transported according to arrow 10. If the stretch material 1 is now moved forward and first clamped between the deflection rollers 43, 44 by means of the toothed belts 12, 13, it must be guided over an obstacle which results from the roller 36. As a result, the stretch material 1 is stretched in width and brought out of the stretching device 11. The toothed belts 12, 13 consist of plastic or rubber embedded with fabric. However, if an expanded material 1 is e.g. made of stainless steel, it is important to use toothed chains instead of toothed belts, which also have a clamping device on each chain link. Since such chains are commodities, a precise description is not necessary. It is essential that the loose roller 36 is rotated synchronously with the expanded material 1 by frictional engagement without relative movements according to arrow 36a. However, if the frictional engagement is not sufficient as the drive means, a synchronously running drive can also be used.

FIG. 12 shows the cross section of the stretching device shown in FIG. 11. The roller 36 is pivotally mounted on a shaft 40 of the bearing fork 37 according to arrow 38. The deflection rollers 43, 44, which are rotatable about their axes 41, 42, are arranged laterally therefrom. The toothed belts 12, 13 run around the deflection rollers 43, 44. In between, the stretch material 1 is clamped at the edges thereof. It can be seen that the stretch material 1 is guided over the roller 36 and thereby experiences the lateral extension.

13 shows a development of the roller 36 as a split roller 45, which ensures that the stretch material 1a is stretched uniformly over the entire width. It is advantageous if the roller 36 is in the form of roller halves 46, 47, which are also axially displaceable on the shaft 40. This allows you to measure the stretch exactly, which is important for the quality of the product. Furthermore, it is also advantageous to arrange further smaller roller halves 48, 49 to the side of the roller halves 46, 47 in order to achieve support and exact stretching in the lateral region towards the clamping point. These roller halves 48, 49 are also axially displaceable on the shaft 40. The roller 36 or the roller halves 46, 47 and 48, 49 have a profiling 50 and / or a coating which promotes sliding on the running surface facing the stretch material 1. This ensures that the stretch material 1 results in a uniform stretch pattern.

Finally, a further variant is shown in FIG. 14, which contains a loose roller 55, which is formed from hollow shells 51, 52 or wire bodies. On a hollow shell, e.g. 52, a connecting element 53 is provided, which is formed as a ring or several webs and is welded to it, while the connecting element 53 is axially displaceable as a guide in the hollow shell 51. In this way, one can influence the stretching of the stretching material 1 and force a constriction 54. This is important because it provides a favorable starting position for folding the stretch material 1a.

This configuration of the stretching device ensures that uniform stretching is achieved over the entire width of the stretching material, which is crucial for the further processing into square cylinders or balls for filling gas or fuel tank systems or boilers. A continuous production without oscillating masses of the machine parts, the molded body is easily possible in large quantities.

Claims (9)

1. A process for the production of dimensionally stable, spherical bodies which consist of film-like, preferably corrosion-resistant material webs, in particular of metal, paper, cardboard, plastic or a combination by coating, characterized by a film web which is perforation-like at certain intervals in the running direction and transversely offset Interfaces preserved, the interfaces stretched in width and then folded, these cut into pieces, rolled up cylindrically, at the Ends are twisted and continuously rolled into spherical shaped bodies. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the film web is stretched preferably three times the width and folded into a two-, preferably three-layer structure, the capped, multi-layer structures as cylindrical parts have a length which is twice as large as the diameter is. 3. A device for performing the method according to claim 1 and 2, consisting of a cutting and stretching device and a rolling device, characterized in that the cutting device (2) consists of superimposed rollers, the disc-like, smooth cutting blades (3) and washers (4) on the one hand and on the other hand consists of lower further cutting knives (5), these cutting knives (5) alternately having cutouts (27, 28) on the side in the cutting area and the spaces between the cutouts (27, 28) forming the cutting length. 4. Device according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the stretching device (11) consists of superposed pairs of deflection rollers (14a, 14b), the drive means, preferably by toothed belts (12, 13) are wrapped around the radially outwardly directed teeth (12a , 13a) and these teeth (12a, 13a) are clamped along the film web (1) for forward movement by holding their edges, with an overrun body, for example, between the pairs of guide rollers (14a, 14b) in the film longitudinal direction a bow-shaped stretch spring (16) or on a shaft (40) movable roller (36) is used, which is anchored via a bearing fork (37) to a fork bracket (39), which stretches the perforated film web in a C-shape . 5. Device according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the roller (36) from at least two roller halves (46, 47), preferably four roller halves (46,47,48,49), each with an outwardly decreasing diameter from the roller means , exists and can be rotated and axially displaced independently of one another on the shaft (40) and the roller (36) or roller halves (46, 47, 48, 49) has an approximately axially directed profile (50) on the running surface facing the expanded material (1). has and / or contains a coating which promotes sliding, the roller halves being designed as hollow shells (51, 52) or wire bodies, while a hollow shell (eg 52) is a connecting element (53), eg Ring or webs, which allows a constriction (54) in the central part of the expanded material (1). 6. Device according to claim 1, 3 to 5, characterized in that the upper toothed belt (12) in meshing engagement with the lower toothed belt (13), via the lower guide rollers (14c) with the intermediate drive pinion (15) with the motor ( 15a), can be driven, the roller (36) or roller halves (46, 37, 48, 49) being mounted as loose rollers and movable with the movement of the stretch material web by friction, or a synchronous drive is provided depending on the strength of the stretch material (1). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the rolling device (17) the film web (1 a) by means of the nozzle (19) overlapping, preferably three-layer folding, (film 1 b) via a needle roller (20) deflecting, a pair of knives, e.g. fixed upper knife (21) and a rotating drum (23) attached, moved with this moving lower knife (22) and cuts the film web (1 b) into uniform pieces. 8. Device according to claim 1, 3 and 7, characterized in that the rotating drum (23) has a recess (34) from which the material can be guided radially to the outside, with the housing (25) forming the annular space (32), the annular space (32) through a helically arranged on the lateral surface of the drum (23) Einrollsteg (30) reduced, the by a chicane, for example Pressure cloth (33) or the like. Constricting means, cylindrical rolled pieces of cap (31) are spherical through the rough surface of the ring wall, or at least rolled into square cylinders.

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