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EP0650148B2 - Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzprüfer - Google Patents

Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzprüfer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0650148B2
EP0650148B2 EP93402560A EP93402560A EP0650148B2 EP 0650148 B2 EP0650148 B2 EP 0650148B2 EP 93402560 A EP93402560 A EP 93402560A EP 93402560 A EP93402560 A EP 93402560A EP 0650148 B2 EP0650148 B2 EP 0650148B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
validator
token
tokens
machine
series
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93402560A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0650148B1 (de
EP0650148A1 (de
Inventor
Hervé Orus
Jean-Jacques Foglino
Firmin Lopez
André Richard
Alain Nicolai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gemplus SA
Original Assignee
Gemplus Card International SA
Gemplus SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8214757&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0650148(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Gemplus Card International SA, Gemplus SA filed Critical Gemplus Card International SA
Priority to EP93402560A priority Critical patent/EP0650148B2/de
Priority to DE69306392T priority patent/DE69306392T3/de
Priority to ES93402560T priority patent/ES2095021T5/es
Priority to JP27852094A priority patent/JP3969749B2/ja
Priority to US08/324,657 priority patent/US5575374A/en
Publication of EP0650148A1 publication Critical patent/EP0650148A1/de
Priority to US08/653,883 priority patent/US5706925A/en
Priority to US08/704,918 priority patent/US5697482A/en
Publication of EP0650148B1 publication Critical patent/EP0650148B1/de
Publication of EP0650148B2 publication Critical patent/EP0650148B2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
    • G07F17/32—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for games, toys, sports, or amusements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F1/00—Coin inlet arrangements; Coins specially adapted to operate coin-freed mechanisms
    • G07F1/06—Coins specially adapted to operate coin-freed mechanisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0866—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by active credit-cards adapted therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0873—Details of the card reader

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to machines for games equipped with a coin mechanism including electronic allows to use different payment systems to the times safer and more convenient than existing ones.
  • machines games similar to those shown schematically in Figure 1. These machines are presented generally in the form of a body 101, provided a window 102 for displaying the parameters
  • the machine may have a side arm 103 to start the game, which consists of example to scroll symbols on the screen.
  • the game is won if the symbols form a winning combination, and it's lost in the opposite case.
  • a hopper 106 releases a number of tokens, corresponding according to the rules of the game for example at n times the bet.
  • Tokens are currently most often metal tokens that can be colored and different diameters corresponding to facial values different. They can also be of materials of different nature. So that the coin mechanism 104 can to distinguish between them must then use the signature Magnetic given by materials of different nature and / or different dimensions. We still use sometimes the old practice of using coins instead of tokens.
  • chips In addition to possible fraud attempts, the use of chips is not practical. It requires the presence a relatively large staff in a fund central office, and error-prone accounting operations, even fraud. In addition the use of chips slows down the use of the machine and limits the amount of possible bets.
  • the invention proposes a game machine electronic coin operated as defined in the claim 1.
  • the coin mechanism 104 is replaced by coin mechanism 114 of identical external presentation but working from 115 secure tokens by an electronic device, and possibly added a second coin 124 that allows to do also operate the machine from a map "smart".
  • the coin mechanism 124 will preferably be fixed on the right side of the machine at a suitable height to be able to easily introduce the smart card into the slot of the coin mechanism and to be able to read the indications of the display device of which this coin mechanism is provided, which allows to indicate different data, including the balance of the card.
  • the coin mechanism 124 can also be integrated into the machine.
  • the smart card used in the gaming machine according to the invention will preferably have a presentation external and electrical identical to those currently standardized, such as pre-paid or rechargeable cards on the market and in particular will make it possible to cumulate the gains from games won under the control of the reader.
  • the credit card will preferably be used for relatively large bets justifying his use.
  • the coin mechanism 114 includes a mechanical part which allows to receive the chips 115 and to scroll through them in front of a receiving antenna that allows a dialogue with these tokens that have an integrated circuit to identify them in a secure way and to determine their value.
  • Such an electronic token 1 carries information likely to be read automatically. Use such a token will be sought to combat frauds by imitating tokens in the use of machines Slot or any other device using tokens or coins. We will talk in the whole suite of token being of course that it may be a token or coins depending on the application.
  • the electronic token 1 object of the invention consists of of a set of 2,5,6 pieces, assembled so to ensure mechanical token hold and protection physical of the electronic circuit 3 and 4 placed in the token.
  • This electronic circuit makes it possible to identify the token, that is, it carries characteristic information that can be controlled to verify the authenticity of the token.
  • the electronic circuit allowing the identification of the token comprises an integrated circuit 3 for storing the characteristic information and means of the type transmitter / receiver 4 to access this information without touching.
  • Ways to access characteristic information without contact comprise, according to a preferred embodiment, an antenna constituted by a single coil 4 or, according to another embodiment, by a circuit 7.
  • an oscillating circuit it will be possible access characteristic information at a distance distant (about ten centimeters) while in the case of the single coil this distance will be much shorter (a few millimeters) because the agreement in frequency is "loose" with the inductance coil alone.
  • the simple coil is used for example for slot machines in which the chip can be guided precisely close to a means of contactless reading of the token.
  • Reading is done by a contactless reader (no represented), able to emit a modulated magnetic field in amplitude.
  • the integrated circuit of the token uses this magnetic field modulated to feed.
  • the answer the token is done by modulation of the magnetic field by the token antenna depending on the information features stored in it.
  • the storage means placed in each token contains a PROM memory containing a number serial programmed during its manufacture. We will be able to for example choose a programming PROM memory laser.
  • the characteristic information therefore includes a number series. It can also include value face of the token or coded information.
  • the token consists of a metal crown 2 and two concentric flanges 5 and 6 with the crown and placed on the side and else of the crown.
  • One of the two flanges serves as support to the electronic circuit.
  • the circuit can be by example fixed to this flange by gluing.
  • the circuit is then find between the two contiguous flasks. Space interior is filled with resin 8.
  • the token can be made in the way next.
  • the flanges are made of plastic.
  • the crown is metal which allows to have, besides the mechanical strength, a jingle similar to the pieces currency.
  • the flanges are made by thermoplastic injection.
  • the material used is shock resistant and abrasion.
  • Polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyetherimide possibly loaded with glass fibers may, for example, be used.
  • thermoplastic makes it possible to obtain different colours.
  • the chips made in color may be used for slot machines.
  • a logo or inscriptions can possibly be engraved in the mold.
  • the integrated circuit and the antenna are eventually fixed on an epoxy glass substrate.
  • flange 5 which can include housing reserved for the establishment of the electric circuit.
  • the mechanical part the coin mechanism 114 is connected to a device 107 which allows both to control the motors of the mechanical part and perform the dialogue with the chips.
  • This electronic device is connected to the card coin mechanism 124 so that the player can use either of these coin changers.
  • the coin mechanism working by default will preferably Coin-operated coin mechanism and coin changeover to map will be by introduction of the map in this one.
  • the coin mechanism is itself connected to electronic devices 108 of the gaming machine and the electronic circuits of the coin mechanism are provided to interface with the standard interface of this electronic 108.
  • FIG. 5 shows the mechanical part 114 coin coin mechanism.
  • a secure token of the type according to the invention is that one must have the time to make a contactless transaction between the token and remote control means thereof during that the token passes into the coin mechanism, more particularly during the time he passes between the means to direct it to one of the two corresponding outputs tokens recognized as good or bad.
  • the chip path is very short and the duration corresponding to this trip is very weak and just enough to allow a correct transaction to recognize the validity of the token.
  • the invention proposes for example to immobilize the token for the necessary time with the means shown in FIG.
  • the coin mechanism seen in section in FIG. a body 301 provided with a slot at its end in which a token 115 is introduced.
  • This slot leads to a tunnel that forks in two separate directions: A vertical direction “Good” who directs the token inside the machine games where it is stored; an inclined direction “Bad” who directs the token to an exit slot allowing the player to retrieve it.
  • the orientation of the token between these two outputs is obtained using an inclined 302 pallet that can be retracted by the action of an electromagnet 303, so to be pressed against the wall of the opening corridor on the Bad exit.
  • an electromagnet 303 When the palette is in its rest position corresponding to the non-retracted position, the token is directed to the Bad exit, and when is retracted against the wall of the corridor the token falls in the exit Bon.
  • a first finger 304 which allows to block this corridor while the token 115 is half introduced into the entrance slot
  • a second finger 306 which allows to obstruct it when the token has crossed the obstacle corresponding to the first finger.
  • a first detector 308 is located against the fingers 304 and 306, a second detector 309 is located before the Bon exit and a third detector 310 is located before the output Bad.
  • the contactless reader antenna 311 should be placed near reader 308.
  • the finger 304 When the system is in standby mode of a token, the finger 304 is retracted, the finger 306 is out and the pallet is in place. We can thus introduce a token 115 that comes over the location of the finger 304 and remains blocked by the finger 306 in front of detection means 308.
  • the remote control means Token are also located at this level.
  • Detection of the token by the detector 308 causes the exit of the finger 304 which comes to block another token which would possibly be introduced after the first.
  • the transaction between the token and the means of control of that This is done without any problem since the token is immobilized by the finger 306 in a position where these control means make it easy to operate.
  • palette 302 and finger 306 retract simultaneously, which allows the token to go through the Good exit.
  • This passage is detected by the detector 309, and as a result of this detection the finger 306 and the pallet 302 stand out in the hallways, then finger 304 is retracts to allow the arrival of a new token.
  • the detector 309 is used to verify that the token is not stuck in the reader. If this is the case, the detector signal would activate for example an alarm (not shown).
  • the detector 310 detects its passage and the finger 306 comes out in the hallway and then the fingertip 304 retracts also allowing the arrival of a new chip.
  • the detector 310 has the same function as the detector 309 and can therefore activate an alarm when a token is stuck.
  • the cycle can then start again.
  • the coin mechanism 124 with a simplified diagram is shown in Figure 6 itself has a very structure close to that of well-known smart card readers.
  • a housing 401 basically a microcontroller 402 which manages all the operations.
  • This microcontroller is connected by a bus to a program memory 403, of the EPROM type by example, at a second memory 404, of the EE-PROM type for example, which allows you to memorize a certain number of parameters that change little, lists prohibition for example, and a third memory 405 of the RAM type serving as RAM for execution of the microcontroller program.
  • the microcontroller can possibly be connected to a PSTN circuit (Real Time Clock) real time clock and a module of security that includes a diversification algorithm DES or RSA.
  • PSTN circuit Real Time Clock
  • the bus is also connected to a display 406, which allows to display in particular the sums played and the gains obtained, to a smart card reader 407 for to receive the player's card, and possibly cards intended for staff to intervene for example payment system parameters (in particular the value associated with the minimum and maximum buttons), and a number of command buttons, here two buttons 408 and 409.
  • These buttons in this example of achievement are used for players to bet, the first correspondent for example at the minimum bet and the second at the maximum bet.
  • Another button not shown allows to start the game.
  • a number of interfaces intended to connect it with the outside In this example of realization we have a first interface 410 intended to connect it to the gaming machine and a second interface 411 intended to connect it to the electronics 107 of the Coin-operated coin mechanism.
  • the interface 410 makes it possible to decode the instructions appearing on the bus and intended for the games.
  • the physical interface intended to be connected to the gaming machine is in the form of a connector 412 having a set of pins permitting to emit and receive the same signals as those who pass between the electronic means 108 of the gaming machine, the distribution hopper 106 and the mechanical coin mechanism, which is here replaced by the Coin-operated coin mechanism 114.
  • This connector 412 will be determined by instructions circulating on the coin mechanism bus 124 and decoded by the interface 410. These instructions will themselves be determined by the operating program implemented in the memory 403.
  • the program and the interface including the 412 connector are suitable for machine types used. In the embodiment described the machine meets the specifications of existing machines currently on the market.
  • the connector 412 is connected to a switching device 413 which allows to connect electronics 108 either the coin mechanism 124 or the hopper 106, keeping nevertheless the connections with the coin mechanism necessary the operation of the coin-operated safe coin mechanism 144, as well as possibly a supervisory connection.
  • the microprocessor 402 recognizes the amount of the gain and increments therefore the memory contained in the introduced in reader 407.
  • the microprocessor displays on the display 406 indications corresponding to this gain, for example the amount total credit available in the card after this operation.
  • the microprocessor controls the emission through the signal interface to the electronics 108, which simulate delivery by the hopper 106 tokens.
  • this one normally emits a signal for each token that goes out, to allow the electronics 108 to count the chips thus issued by the hopper.
  • This signal is delivered to terminal 413 of the connector 412 and it corresponds to the signal emitted by the terminal 423 of the hopper 106 and received on the connector terminal 433 electronics 108.
  • the invention proposes to receive on a terminal 414 of the connector 412 the signals emitted by terminal 423 when it is the hopper itself that works, ie when the player uses coin coin mechanism 114. This allows to memorize in a working memory of the coin mechanism 124 the gains corresponding to the operation with the chips.
  • the connector 412 further comprises an additional terminal 415 from which the command signal of these switching means 413.
  • the operation of the machine can be the following.
  • the microprocessor will then display on the 406 display the amount of credit contained in the card.
  • the player will choose the amount of the wager he wishes to put into play in pressing one of the two 408 or 409 buttons. intermediary stakes between the minimum bet and the maximum bet, the player may press several times button 408 until you reach the maximum bet. Some machines prohibit maximum bets by means of an inhibition signal sent by the machine. This action will be repeated on the display in various ways, eg display of the bet or the content decremented credit card, or both successively or simultaneously.
  • the player will then operate the gaming machine in the ordinary way, for example by actuating the lever 103.
  • the amount gain is transmitted to the coin mechanism 124 and the microprocessor credit the card with this value. Simultaneously the gain obtained and / or the amount of the new credit is displayed on the display 406, and the player can play again again and as fast as in previous cases, without having to recover chips that would be redistributed by the hopper 106.
  • the different transactions used by the cards players, as well as a certain amount of information concerning the game with chips, including amounts distributed as a result of gain as explained more high, are stored in memory 404 of the coin mechanism to map 124.
  • This allows at different times, for example at the end of the day, to come and collect these information for purposes of checks and statistics.
  • an interface additional for example a serial line RS232 or an infra-red system with a connector on the coin mechanism 124.
  • Another solution is to use a specific card for example the card named MaxiCard (registered trademark of the Applicant) to the manager of the games. This card is introduced in the 407 reader which recognize it and implement the loading program in the map of the data collected in the memories of the coin mechanism.
  • the face values of the chips are determined usually by their color. It is necessary to sort according to these values at different stages of their use, for example inside the gaming machine or at the central fund where they are distributed.
  • the system of tokens secured by remote detection according to the invention makes it much easier to sort.
  • Tokens that are put in bulk in a hopper 501 arrive in a sorting channel 502 where they stop in a first position, represented by the token 115, in front of a remote sensing system 503 that allows to first determine that it is a good token and then what is its value.
  • the token In this position the token is immobilized on a roller wheel 504 which comprises a half-ring disposed on its circumference for delimit an inner hollow of the size of the token. In this position this half-crown is located towards the up, which stops the token.
  • the roller 504 driven by an engine (not shown) starts to rotate, and when did a half turn the token falls into the inner hollow of the roller.
  • roller 504 there is a second roller 505 identical to the first.
  • These pebbles are driven for example by a gear system 506 and 507, so that their rotational speeds are identical but that the crowns are located the opposite of each other. So at the next half-turn, the token which is in the inner hollow of the roller 504 falls into the inner hollow of the 505 pebble.
  • the machine understands as much as there are facial values of chips. It can also be expected to have a number to provide for a change in values facial chips.
  • the device knows at any time the location in each of the successive pebbles of the chain of pebbles from the token sorted at the first level. Of this way, the tokens can succeed one another after the others in the pebbles continuously and just open the right hatch at the right time.
  • a single electromagnet 511 can be used for come and press all pistons 510 with a bar common 512. The connection between this bar and the pistons will be done by a system with telescopic springs, in such a way that if a hatch is not open the piston disappears by compressing the spring.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Coin-Freed Apparatuses For Hiring Articles (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzwerk, mit einem ersten Münzwerk (114) für mittels kontaktfreier Erfassung gesicherte Spielmarken (115) und einem zweiten Münzwerk (124) für Chipkarten, das Umschaltmitteln (413) zur wahlweisen Benutzung einer dieser beiden Münzwerke zugeordnet ist, wobei die Umschaltmittel (413) dem ersten Münzwerk (114) den Vorrang einräumen und auf das zweite Münzwerk (124) umschalten, wenn die Einführung einer Chipkarte in dieses zweite Münzwerk erfasst wird, wobei das zweite Münzwerk geeignet ist, Beträge von der Chipkarte abzubuchen oder ihr gutzuschreiben, wobei dieser Spielautomat ferner eine Sortiermaschine umfasst, die ihrerseits einen Sortierkanal (505) und eine Klappenanordnung (508) aufweist, wobei der Sortierkanal (502) eine Anordnung von Rollen (504, 505) umfasst, die mit einem äußeren Halbkranz versehen sind und zur ständigen Drehung durch Zahnradtriebe (506, 507) derart angetrieben werden, dass die in den Kanal eingeführten gesicherten Spielmarken (115) von einer Rolle auf die andere übergehen können, wobei die Klappen der Klappenanordnung (508) derart vor den Rollen angeordnet sind, dass sie das Auswerfen der gesicherten Spielmarke ermöglichen, wenn sie in eine Rolle übergeht, die ihrem Geldwert entspricht.
  2. Münzwerk (114) für gesicherte Spielmarken (115) für einen Automaten nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es Mittel (307) aufweist, um die Spielmarke in einer Position, die eine Transaktion mit Erkennungsmitteln gestattet, während der Zeit unbeweglich festzulegen, die für das Abwickeln dieser Transaktion erforderlich ist.
  3. Münzwerk für eine Chipkarte für einen Automaten nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Schnittstelle (412) aufweist, die es gestattet, Signale auszusenden und zu empfangen, die identisch sind mit jenen, die von der Elektronik (108) eines bekannten Spielautomaten ausgesendet oder empfangen werden.
  4. Münzwerk nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es außerdem einen Eingang (414) aufweist, der dazu bestimmt ist, Signale zu empfangen, die die Ausgabe von gewonnenen Spielmarken durch einen Bunker (106) abziehen, um die Anzahl dieser Spielmarken während des Betriebs des Automaten mit Spielmarken abzuspeichern.
  5. Münzwerk nach einem der Ansprüche 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Ausgangsklemme (415) aufweist, die es gestattet, Steuersignale an die Umschaltmittel (413) zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Münzwerk auszugeben.
  6. Spielautomat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Sortiermaschine ferner eine Anordnung von Kolben (520) umfasst, die in den Achsen der Rollen verlaufen, um die Spielmarken bei geöffneten Klappen auszustoßen.
EP93402560A 1993-10-18 1993-10-18 Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzprüfer Expired - Lifetime EP0650148B2 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93402560A EP0650148B2 (de) 1993-10-18 1993-10-18 Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzprüfer
DE69306392T DE69306392T3 (de) 1993-10-18 1993-10-18 Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzprüfer
ES93402560T ES2095021T5 (es) 1993-10-18 1993-10-18 Maquina de juegos de monedero electronico.
US08/324,657 US5575374A (en) 1993-10-18 1994-10-18 Games machine with electronic payment mechanism
JP27852094A JP3969749B2 (ja) 1993-10-18 1994-10-18 電子支払機構を備えるゲーム機
US08/653,883 US5706925A (en) 1993-10-18 1996-05-28 Games machine with electronic payment mechanism
US08/704,918 US5697482A (en) 1993-10-18 1996-08-30 Games machine with electronic payment mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93402560A EP0650148B2 (de) 1993-10-18 1993-10-18 Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzprüfer

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0650148A1 EP0650148A1 (de) 1995-04-26
EP0650148B1 EP0650148B1 (de) 1996-12-04
EP0650148B2 true EP0650148B2 (de) 2005-10-12

Family

ID=8214757

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93402560A Expired - Lifetime EP0650148B2 (de) 1993-10-18 1993-10-18 Spielautomat mit elektronischem Münzprüfer

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (3) US5575374A (de)
EP (1) EP0650148B2 (de)
JP (1) JP3969749B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69306392T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2095021T5 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7866563B2 (en) 2007-05-25 2011-01-11 Gaming Partners International Token with electronic device, method of making thereof, and apparatus for making thereof

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EP0650148B1 (de) 1996-12-04
JPH07175959A (ja) 1995-07-14
DE69306392T3 (de) 2006-07-27
US5706925A (en) 1998-01-13
US5575374A (en) 1996-11-19
ES2095021T3 (es) 1997-02-01
DE69306392T2 (de) 1997-04-03
US5697482A (en) 1997-12-16
JP3969749B2 (ja) 2007-09-05
EP0650148A1 (de) 1995-04-26
ES2095021T5 (es) 2006-05-01
DE69306392D1 (de) 1997-01-16

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