[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

EP0648559B1 - Apparatus and method for the production of a casting piece by casting with lost pattern - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for the production of a casting piece by casting with lost pattern Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0648559B1
EP0648559B1 EP19940402292 EP94402292A EP0648559B1 EP 0648559 B1 EP0648559 B1 EP 0648559B1 EP 19940402292 EP19940402292 EP 19940402292 EP 94402292 A EP94402292 A EP 94402292A EP 0648559 B1 EP0648559 B1 EP 0648559B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
coating
binder
descender
pattern
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940402292
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0648559A1 (en
Inventor
José Sole
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Original Assignee
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Automobiles Peugeot SA, Automobiles Citroen SA filed Critical Automobiles Peugeot SA
Publication of EP0648559A1 publication Critical patent/EP0648559A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0648559B1 publication Critical patent/EP0648559B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04Use of lost patterns
    • B22C9/046Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C1/00Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
    • B22C1/16Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
    • B22C1/18Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents of inorganic agents
    • B22C1/181Cements, oxides or clays
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C7/00Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B22C7/02Lost patterns

Definitions

  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a such a coating applicable to all existing refractory layers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif pour la réalisation d'une pièce de fonderie par le procédé à modèle perdu comportant un modèle et un descendant de coulée en matériau pyrolysable alvéolaire noyés dans du sable compacté, ledit descendant de coulée étant relié à un godet de coulée en matériau réfractaire, le modèle et le descendant de coulée étant revêtus d'un enduit de particules réfractaires.The subject of the present invention is a device for producing of a foundry part by the lost model process comprising a model and a descendant of pouring in alveolar pyrolyzable material embedded in compacted sand, said casting sinker being connected to a pouring bucket refractory material, the model and the casting descendant being coated with a coated with refractory particles.

On appelle "descendant de coulée" une pièce en matériau pyrolysable reliant le modèle à l'alimentation en métal liquide.A piece of material is called "casting descendant" pyrolysable connecting the model to the liquid metal supply.

Elle a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication dudit dispositif et un procédé de réalisation d'une pièce de fonderie à l'aide de ce dispositif.It also relates to a method of manufacturing said device and method for producing a casting using this device.

Le dépôt d'un enduit sur le modèle en matériau alvéolaire et sur le descendant de coulée est rendu nécessaire afin de constituer une barrière entre le métal et le sable lors de la coulée. Cet enduit évite un amalgame sable/métal en surface de la pièce finie qui rendrait impossible tout usinage ultérieur.The deposit of a coating on the model in cellular material and on the casting descendant is made necessary in order to constitute a barrier between metal and sand during casting. This coating avoids an amalgam sand / metal on the surface of the finished part which would make any machining impossible ulterior.

L'enduit présente généralement une épaisseur d'environ 1 mm et est constitué de particules réfractaires déposées par exemple par enduction de barbotine (enduit humide).The coating generally has a thickness of approximately 1 mm and consists of refractory particles deposited for example by coating slip (wet coating).

Toutefois, l'application du procédé à modèle perdu à des pièces de géométrie complexe (épaisseurs dissymétriques, pièces très évidées, orifices multiples et très sollicités mécaniquement comme les culasses ou les bloc-cylindres) rendent l'effet barrière de cet enduit insuffisant.However, the application of the lost model process to parts of complex geometry (asymmetrical thicknesses, very hollow parts, orifices multiple and very mechanically stressed such as cylinder heads or cylinder blocks) make the barrier effect of this coating insufficient.

En effet, aux emplacements des cavités, le serrage du sable est moindre du fait de la difficulté à le compacter à ces endroits.Indeed, at the locations of the cavities, the clamping of the sand is less due to the difficulty of compacting it in these places.

De plus, dans le descendant de coulée, l'effet combiné de la température et des turbulences du métal liquide dans les zones de réduction des sections d'alimentation, de changements brusques de direction du flux métallique, du système d'attaque de coulée, produit une érosion thermomécaniquement très préjudiciable à la tenue de cet enduit.In addition, in the sinker, the combined effect of the temperature and turbulence of the liquid metal in the reduction zones feed sections, sudden changes in direction of flow metallic, of the attack system of casting, produces an erosion thermomechanically very detrimental to the holding of this coating.

Pour pallier les différents inconvénients évoqués ci-dessus, liés à la rupture de l'enduit, on a proposé plusieurs solutions.To overcome the various drawbacks mentioned above, related to breaking the coating, several solutions have been proposed.

On a ainsi proposé d'augmenter l'épaisseur de l'enduit déposé sur le modèle. Toutefois, au-delà d'un millimètre d'épaisseur de barbotine (enduit humide) déposée au trempé, des problèmes rhéologiques d'application (viscosité, thixotropie et instabilité) apparaissent. It has thus been proposed to increase the thickness of the coating deposited on the model. However, beyond a millimeter of slip thickness (coated wet) deposited by soaking, application rheological problems (viscosity, thixotropy and instability) appear.

On a également proposé d'appliquer un enduit plus cohésif, mais celui-ci sera moins perméable aux gaz de pyrolyse d'où un ralentissement de l'évacuation des gaz et un retard dans la propagation du métal liquide dans le polymère avec risque de "figeage" prématuré du métal par solidification.It has also been proposed to apply a more cohesive coating, but this will be less permeable to pyrolysis gases, hence a slowing down of the evacuation of gases and a delay in the propagation of the liquid metal in the polymer with risk of premature "freezing" of the metal by solidification.

Une troisième solution consiste à effectuer une double enduction. Toutefois, l'efficacité de ce procédé est faible et la surenduction, de la barbotine notamment, est délicate. Par ailleurs, le séchage de barbotine épaisse de quelques millimètres occasionne des fissures du matériau lors de son retrait.A third solution consists in carrying out a double coating. However, the efficiency of this process is low and the overcoating, of the slip, in particular, is delicate. In addition, the slip drying a few millimeters thick causes cracks in the material when its withdrawal.

L'invention propose de pallier les inconvénients des réalisations mentionnées ci-dessus et a notamment pour objet de proposer un dispositif pour la réalisation d'une pièce de fonderie présentant un enduit dont la cohésion des grains de réfractaire est améliorée tout en maintenant une perméabilité satisfaisante aux gaz de pyrolyse et permet en outre :

  • d'améliorer la stabilité physico-chimique de celui-ci en évitant toute décantation ou réaction chimique,
  • l'augmentation importante de la tenue mécanique à la température ambiante (charge à la rupture en flexion plusieurs fois améliorée) et à chaud,
  • une diminution de la porosité évitant localement la traversée de l'enduit par le métal liquide.
The invention proposes to overcome the drawbacks of the above-mentioned embodiments and in particular has the object of proposing a device for producing a casting part having a coating whose cohesion of the refractory grains is improved while maintaining satisfactory permeability with pyrolysis gases and also allows:
  • to improve its physico-chemical stability by avoiding any settling or chemical reaction,
  • the significant increase in mechanical strength at room temperature (load at break in bending several times improved) and when hot,
  • a decrease in porosity locally avoiding the crossing of the coating by the liquid metal.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de réalisation d'un tel enduit applicable à toutes les couches réfractaires existantes.The invention also relates to a method for producing a such a coating applicable to all existing refractory layers.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'enduit du modèle perdu et/ou du descendant de coulée est, au moins localement, renforcé par un liant minéral.The device according to the invention is characterized in that the coating of the lost model and / or casting descendant is, at least locally, reinforced with a mineral binder.

Le modèle perdu et le descendant de coulée sont de manière connue en polymère alvéolaire pyrolysable, c'est-à-dire que le polymère se transforme en gaz de pyrolyse au contact avec le métal liquide, celui-ci occupant l'espace ainsi libéré.The lost model and the casting descendant are in known manner in pyrolyzable cellular polymer, that is to say that the polymer transforms into pyrolysis gas on contact with liquid metal, the latter occupying the space thus freed.

Le liant minéral a pour but de durcir les enduits de fonderie aux emplacements où il est déposé, afin que ces endroits aient une meilleure tenue mécanique et thermique lors des différentes opérations de manipulation des modèles, lors de la coulée des métaux liquides sur le polymère alvéolaire et vis-à-vis de la pression des gaz générés par la pyrolyse dudit polymère. The purpose of the mineral binder is to harden foundry coatings to places where it is deposited, so that these places have better mechanical and thermal resistance during the various operations of manipulation of models, when pouring liquid metals onto the cellular polymer and vis-à-vis the pressure of the gases generated by the pyrolysis of said polymer.

Selon une variante avantageuse, le liant est un sel minéral réfractaire, de préférence du silicate de sodium.According to an advantageous variant, the binder is a mineral salt refractory, preferably sodium silicate.

Le silicate de sodium répond avantageusement à la formule aSiO2, bNa2O, le rapport a/b étant compris entre 0,9 et 3,5, de préférence de l'ordre de 3.The sodium silicate advantageously corresponds to the formula aSiO 2 , bNa 2 O, the a / b ratio being between 0.9 and 3.5, preferably of the order of 3.

L'épaisseur de l'enduit renforcé est généralement comprise entre 0,3 et 3 mm.The thickness of the reinforced coating is generally between 0.3 and 3 mm.

Comme indiqué précédemment, l'enduit de particules durcies est localisé aux endroits du modèle perdu où le compactage du sable est insuffisant, notamment aux emplacements des cavités du modèle et/ou aux emplacements du descendant de coulée où l'attaque de coulée se produit ou de changements d'orientation ou de section de celui-ci.As indicated previously, the coating of hardened particles is located in places of the lost model where sand compaction is insufficient, especially at the locations of the model cavities and / or locations of the sinker where the pour attack occurs or changes in orientation or section thereof.

L'enduit renforcé par le liant étant imperméable aux gaz, il est préférable, afin de permettre aux gaz de la pyrolyse d'être évacués, que l'enduit ne soit renforcé que localement. Pour l'échappement des gaz, de manière connue, des évents peuvent être prévus.The coating reinforced by the binder being impermeable to gases, it is preferable, in order to allow the pyrolysis gases to be evacuated, than the coating is only reinforced locally. For the exhaust of gases, in known manner, vents can be provided.

Aux emplacements où le liant est déposé, celui-ci est présent à raison de 0,006 à 0,06 g/cm2 d'enduit.At the locations where the binder is deposited, it is present in an amount of 0.006 to 0.06 g / cm 2 of coating.

L'invention a également pour objet un procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif tel qu'il vient d'être décrit précédemment consistant à enduire de particules réfractaires la surface du modèle perdu et du descendant de coulée, caractérisé en ce qu'on dépose au moins localement sur ledit enduit une solution aqueuse d'un liant minéral, notamment un sel minéral réfractaire.The invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a device as just described previously consisting in coating with refractory particles on the surface of the lost model and of the casting descendant, characterized in that at least locally deposited on said coating a aqueous solution of a mineral binder, in particular a refractory mineral salt.

L'enduction peut être réalisée séparément avant l'assemblage du modèle et du descendant de coulée. Elle peut être également réalisée après l'assemblage de ces deux pièces.The coating can be carried out separately before assembling the model and casting descendant. It can also be performed after the assembly of these two parts.

La concentration du liant, notamment du sel minéral, dans la solution peut varier considérablement selon la nature des particules et la dureté de l'enduit souhaitée.The concentration of the binder, in particular the mineral salt, in the solution can vary considerably depending on the nature of the particles and the hardness of the desired coating.

En général, cette concentration sera comprise entre 20 et 50 % en poids, de façon à obtenir une masse surfacique de liant telle qu'indiquée ci-dessus aux emplacements choisis.In general, this concentration will be between 20 and 50% in weight, so as to obtain an areal mass of binder as indicated above at the chosen locations.

L'enduction de la solution est effectuée généralement par pulvérisation suivie d'un séchage, de préférence en étuve à air chaud ou par chauffage à microondes. The coating of the solution is generally carried out by spraying followed by drying, preferably in a hot air oven or by microwave heating.

La température de séchage varie normalement entre 40°C et 60°C.The drying temperature normally varies between 40 ° C and 60 ° C.

L'invention permet la réalisation d'une pièce de fonderie par le procédé à modèle perdu en coulant du métal liquide dans un dispositif tel que décrit précédemment et en récupérant la pièce de fonderie.The invention allows the production of a foundry piece by the lost pattern process by pouring liquid metal into a device such as described above and recovering the foundry part.

L'exemple ci-après illustre un mode de réalisation selon l'invention que l'on décrira en liaison avec la figure présentée en annexe qui est une vue en coupe d'un dispositif de principe présentant les différentes formes de cavité pour la réalisation d'une pièce de fonderie.The example below illustrates an embodiment according to the invention which will be described in connection with the figure presented in the appendix which is a sectional view of a principle device presenting the different forms of cavity for the production of a foundry piece.

Un modèle perdu de fonderie destiné à la fabrication d'un bloc-cylindres, comportant des cavités disposées aux emplacements appropriés, et un descendant de coulée, ces pièces étant en matériau polymère alvéolaire pyrolysable, tel que du polystyrène, ont été enduits d'une couche de particules réfractaires de 1 mm d'épaisseur, soit une masse surfacique de 0,02 g/cm2. Une solution à 30% de silicate de sodium de formule a SiO2, b Na2O (a/b = 3) a été pulvérisée sur toute la surface des cavités et au niveau de l'attaque de coulée et des changements de direction du descendant de coulée, de façon à déposer environ 0,02 g de liant par cm2 de surface concernée. Le modèle et le descendant de coulée sont ensuite séchés à l'air chaud.A lost foundry model intended for the manufacture of a cylinder block, comprising cavities arranged in the appropriate locations, and a descendant of casting, these parts being of pyrolysable cellular polymeric material, such as polystyrene, were coated with a layer of refractory particles 1 mm thick, i.e. a surface mass of 0.02 g / cm 2 . A 30% solution of sodium silicate of formula a SiO 2 , b Na 2 O ( a / b = 3 ) was sprayed over the entire surface of the cavities and at the level of the casting attack and changes of direction of the casting descendant, so as to deposit approximately 0.02 g of binder per cm 2 of surface concerned. The model and the descendant are then dried with hot air.

Selon la figure unique précitée, le dispositif de réalisation d'une pièce de fonderie comprend un modèle 1 comportant cinq cavités 2, ledit modèle étant relié à sa base 6 à un godet de coulée 8 du métal liquide en matériau réfractaire (fibres céramiques) par l'intermédiaire d'un descendant de coulée 7 comportant à sa sortie au niveau de la base 6 du modèle, un rétrécissement 10 formant l'attaque de coulée, puis, séparés par trois segments rectilignes respectivement 11, 12 et 15, deux coudes 13 et 14 qui permettent de relier le descendant de coulée au godet de coulée.According to the aforementioned single figure, the device for producing a foundry part comprises a model 1 comprising five cavities 2, said model being connected at its base 6 to a pouring cup 8 of the liquid metal in refractory material (ceramic fibers) through a casting descendant 7 comprising at its outlet at the base 6 of the model, a narrowing 10 forming the pouring attack, then, separated by three straight segments 11, 12 and 15 respectively, two elbows 13 and 14 which make it possible to connect the downcomer to the pouring cup.

Le modèle et le descendant de coulée sont revêtus par pulvérisation sur leur surface d'une couche de particules réfractaires respectivement 3, 9 d'une épaisseur de 1mm, ladite couche étant durcie 4 par le liant comme indiqué ci-dessus, au niveau des surfaces intérieures des cavités, des surfaces de rétrécissement 10 et des coudes 13, 14.The model and the casting descendant are spray coated on their surface a layer of refractory particles 3, 9 respectively with a thickness of 1mm, said layer being hardened 4 by the binder as indicated above, at the interior surfaces of the cavities, shrinking surfaces 10 and elbows 13, 14.

Le modèle et le descendant de coulée sont noyés dans du sable compacté 5, ce sable occupant également les volumes délimités par les cavités 2 mais avec un compactage moindre du fait de la géométrie de ces cavités. The model and the sinker are drowned in sand compacted 5, this sand also occupying the volumes delimited by the cavities 2 but with less compaction due to the geometry of these cavities.

Du métal liquide versé, selon le procédé de fonderie, dans le godet est conduit dans le modèle perdu. Après solidification, on retire la pièce moulée et on constate qu'il ne s'est produit aucun amalgame sable/métal à la surface de cette pièce.Liquid metal poured, according to the foundry process, into the bucket is driven into the lost model. After solidification, the part is removed molded and it is found that no sand / metal amalgamation occurred at the surface of this room.

Claims (11)

  1. Apparatus for making a casting by the lost pattern method, the apparatus comprising a pattern (1) and a casting descender (7) of cellular pyrolysable material embedded in compacted sand (5), said casting descender being connected to a casting funnel (8) of refractory material, the casting descender and the pattern being coated in a coating (3, 9) of refractory particles, the apparatus being characterized in that the coating is reinforced (4), at least locally, by an inorganic binder.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said binder is a refractory inorganic salt.
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the binder is sodium silicate.
  4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the sodium silicate satisfies the formula aSiO2, bNa2O, where the ratio a/b lies in the range 0.9 to 3.5, and is preferably about 3.
  5. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the thickness of the reinforced coating lies in the range 0.3 mm to 3 mm.
  6. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the locations where the layer of particles is hardened by the binder have 0.006 g to 0.06 g of binder per cm2 of particle layer.
  7. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the reinforced coating is located:
    at locations of the lost pattern where the sand is insufficiently compacted, in particular at the locations of cavities in the pattern; and
    at locations of the casting descender where the casting nozzle is present, or where there are changes in the direction or in the section of the casting descender.
  8. A method of fabricating apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the method consisting in coating the surface of the casting descender and of the lost pattern in refractory particles, and being characterized in that an aqueous solution of an inorganic binder, in particular a refractory inorganic salt, is deposited on said coating, at least locally.
  9. A fabrication method according to claim 8, characterized in that the concentration of the inorganic salt in the solution lies in the range 20% to 50%.
  10. A fabrication method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the solution is deposited by spraying followed by drying, preferably using hot air or microwave heating.
  11. A method of making a casting by the lost pattern method, characterized in that the liquid metal is cast into apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and the casting is recovered therefrom.
EP19940402292 1993-10-15 1994-10-12 Apparatus and method for the production of a casting piece by casting with lost pattern Expired - Lifetime EP0648559B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9312281A FR2711081B1 (en) 1993-10-15 1993-10-15 Device and method for producing a foundry part by the lost model method.
FR9312281 1993-10-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0648559A1 EP0648559A1 (en) 1995-04-19
EP0648559B1 true EP0648559B1 (en) 1999-04-28

Family

ID=9451867

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19940402292 Expired - Lifetime EP0648559B1 (en) 1993-10-15 1994-10-12 Apparatus and method for the production of a casting piece by casting with lost pattern

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0648559B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69418132T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2711081B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6043822B2 (en) * 1979-04-19 1985-09-30 三菱重工業株式会社 Thermal spray coating method for sand molds
JPS57177875A (en) * 1981-04-25 1982-11-01 Kazuyasu Doi Method and device for casting
GB2098898B (en) * 1981-05-20 1985-03-27 Booth W H & Co Ltd Foundry mould production
GB8414129D0 (en) * 1984-06-02 1984-07-04 Cosworth Res & Dev Ltd Casting of metal articles
JPH02192847A (en) * 1989-01-20 1990-07-30 Mitsubishi Motors Corp Casting method with lost foam pattern
JPH02303650A (en) * 1989-05-19 1990-12-17 Komatsu Ltd Method for rapidly molding ceramic shell mold

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69418132T2 (en) 1999-12-30
FR2711081B1 (en) 1996-01-05
DE69418132D1 (en) 1999-06-02
EP0648559A1 (en) 1995-04-19
FR2711081A1 (en) 1995-04-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2616363A1 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SANDING LIGHT ALLOY MATRIX COMPOSITE COMPONENTS AND FIBROUS INSERT
US4476916A (en) Method of casting metal matrix composite in ceramic shell mold
CA2259446C (en) Die casting employing soluble core
BE1013469A3 (en) Structural body honeycomb ceramics and its preparation.
KR101484555B1 (en) Method for the production of a refractory filter
FR2712218A1 (en) Metal or ceramic part with dense outer shell and porous core, as well as its manufacturing process.
EP1201337B1 (en) Method for making porous metals
EP0574620A1 (en) Investment casting of metal matrix composites
FR2591920A1 (en) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING CAST IRON
FR2463752A1 (en) POWDER FOR FORMING A THERMAL PROPERTY COATING
CA1108400A (en) Tuyere for blowing gas into molten metal
EP0648559B1 (en) Apparatus and method for the production of a casting piece by casting with lost pattern
CA2056857A1 (en) Process for manufacturing refractory materials and use of same in casting of corrosive alloys
JP2004025308A (en) Investment casting process by filling molten material
FR2645938A1 (en) TRANSFER TUBE
FR2860445A1 (en) METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A MOLD AND MOLD OBTAINED
FR2475433A1 (en) WAX MODEL WITH EXPANSION COMPENSATION FOR LOST WAX MOLDING
EP0386384B1 (en) Process for the lost foam casting under pressure of metal pieces
FR2868717A1 (en) DETACHABLE MOLD CORE FOR METAL CAST IRON, METHOD OF MANUFACTURE AND USE
EP3630704A1 (en) Method and device for densifying materials or consolidating an assembly of materials by hydrothermal or solvothermal sintering
EP2158987A1 (en) Lost-wax pattern casting process and mould for this process
FR2537024A1 (en) REFRACTORY THERMO-INSULATING PLATES AND METHOD FOR CONTINUOUS STEEL CASTING
JPH0126323B2 (en)
JPH03106558A (en) Nozzle member for casting and production thereof
JPS6167540A (en) Casting mold

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950918

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19980826

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB IT

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69418132

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19990602

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19990513

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20031024

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20031107

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20041012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050503

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20041012

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051012