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EP0537754B1 - Anlassvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor - Google Patents

Anlassvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0537754B1
EP0537754B1 EP92117658A EP92117658A EP0537754B1 EP 0537754 B1 EP0537754 B1 EP 0537754B1 EP 92117658 A EP92117658 A EP 92117658A EP 92117658 A EP92117658 A EP 92117658A EP 0537754 B1 EP0537754 B1 EP 0537754B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
period
time
solenoid
current
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92117658A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0537754A1 (de
Inventor
Giancarlo Fasola
Pietro De Filippis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrie Magneti Marelli SRL
Marelli Europe SpA
Original Assignee
Industrie Magneti Marelli SRL
Magneti Marelli SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Industrie Magneti Marelli SRL, Magneti Marelli SpA filed Critical Industrie Magneti Marelli SRL
Publication of EP0537754A1 publication Critical patent/EP0537754A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0537754B1 publication Critical patent/EP0537754B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0851—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for controlling the engagement or disengagement between engine and starter, e.g. meshing of pinion and engine gear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0859—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines specially adapted to the type of the starter motor or integrated into it
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2200/00—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus
    • F02N2200/02—Parameters used for control of starting apparatus said parameters being related to the engine
    • F02N2200/022—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
    • F02N2300/102—Control of the starter motor speed; Control of the engine speed during cranking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a starter system for an internal combustion engine, and specifically to a system of the type defined in the first part of Claim 1.
  • a starter system of this type is described for example in EP - A - 0 373 777.
  • Such a system includes a control circuit preset to supply the winding or solenoid of the electromagnetic control device initially with a dc current, and then with a low average value pulsed current. Commutation of dc current to pulsed current occurs on closing the switch controlled by the said solenoid, which therefore determines the supply of power to the starter motor.
  • the length of time which lapses between activating the starter system and commuting the current is generally not constant. Furthermore, when the switch closes the translatable pinion does not always mesh effectively with the toothed ring or flywheel of the motor, as the pinion teeth may frontally strike those of the toothed ring. When this happens, the commutation of the current in the said solenoid to the low average value pulsed current determines a reduction in the force with which the pinion is thrust towards the toothed ring. Furthermore, this commutation of current occurs simultaneously with the activation of the starter motor which causes the rotation of the pinion.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a starter system which overcomes the above disadvantage.
  • commutation of dc current to pulsed current in the said winding or solenoid does not occur when the associated switch is closed but only once it is ascertained that the toothed ring of the motor has actually started to rotate.
  • the threshold for the minimum speed of rotation mentioned in Claim 1 can be, for example, 30-40 rpm.
  • the battery of a motor vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine (not shown) is indicated 1.
  • the negative pole of the battery 1 is grounded while the positive pole is connected to a node 2.
  • Two circuit branches 3 and 4 lead from this node 2.
  • a manual switch 5 for example incorporated into a conventional key-operated ignition and starter switch.
  • a winding or solenoid 20 is arranged between the commutator 6 and ground.
  • the solenoid 20 is adapted, in a conventional manner, to control a normally-open contact 11 in the circuit branch 4.
  • a dc starter motor M is disposed in the circuit branch 4, between the switch 11 and ground.
  • the motor M is intended to drive the pinion 12 to rotate; the pinion is mounted for translation in conventional manner but driven to rotate by the shaft of the said motor.
  • the solenoid 20 and the associated switch 11 generally form an electromagnetic control device which, when excited, allows current to flow from the battery 1 to the motor M and causes (in a conventional manner) the translation of the pinion 12 towards a working position in which it meshes rotatably with a rotatable toothed member (flywheel) 13 of the internal combustion engine, thereby starting it.
  • a sensor 14 provides an electrical output signal indicating the speed of rotation (rpm) of the internal combustion engine.
  • This sensor is of a conventional type, for example of the type known as a phonic wheel.
  • This sensor may be, for example, the sensor frequently used to supply information on the engine rpm to the electronic units controlling the ignition and/or fuel injection of the internal combustion engine, or a sensor associated with the flywheel 13 of the engine.
  • the sensor 14 is connected at its input to a comparison and timing circuit 15, the output of which is connected to the input of a control circuit 17 which controls the electronic switch 6.
  • the control circuit 17 applies a signal to the switch 6 allowing it to conduct current. If, in this condition, the switch 5 is closed (time instant t0 in Figures 2 and 3), a current can flow through the circuit branch 3 and the excitation winding or solenoid 20. In this phase the control circuit 17 causes a dc current to flow through the switch 6 and thereby through the solenoid 20, for a predetermined constant period of time, that is until the time instant t a in Figures 2 and 3. This dc current may either be constant in time ( Figure 2) or variable ( Figure 3) as will be explained later.
  • the time period t a -t0 is determined in advance on the basis of the characteristics of the electromagnetic starter motor control device and of the internal combustion engine. This period must be at least equal to the time normally required to close the switch 11, move the pinion 12 into mesh with the toothed ring 13, and to start the rotation of the shaft of the internal combustion engine up to a minimum threshold speed of rotation (for example 30-40 rpm).
  • the flow of current through the winding 20 causes displacement of a moving element or core (not shown) and consequent closure of the contact 11, causing translation of the pinion 12 to engage with the flywheel 13. Following the closure of the contact 11, a high current is supplied to the motor M.
  • the said motor therefore causes the pinion 12 to rotate thereby driving the shaft of the internal combustion engine into rotation.
  • the comparison circuit 15 detects that the engine crankshaft speed has not exceeded its minimum threshold, it inhibits the control circuit 17 which in turn inhibits the switch 6. If this happens, the starting operation must be repeated.
  • the comparison circuit 15 sends the control circuit 17 a signal causing this circuit to control the switch 6 in on/off mode, causing a pulsed current, in particular of a pulse width modulated (PWM) current to pass through it.
  • PWM pulse width modulated
  • the pulsed current is made to flow through the switch 6 at the most for a predetermined and constant time period t b -t a which ends at the time instant t b in Figures 2 and 3.
  • a predetermined value for example 400 rpm
  • the circuit 15 inhibits the control circuit 17 which in turn finally inhibits the switch 6.
  • the time period t b -t a is fixed and is determined in advance on the basis of the characteristics of the starter motor M and of the internal combustion engine. This period must be at least equal to the time normally taken for the speed of rotation of the internal combustion engine to rise from the said minimum threshold (30-40 rpm) to the self-sustaining speed.
  • control circuit 17 may be preset so as to apply to the solenoid 20 a voltage which assumes a constant value over the period t a -t0 ( Figure 2).
  • control circuit 17 may be set to control the conduction of current through the electronic switch 6 so that over the time period t a -t0 the voltage between the node 7 and ground and therefore the voltage applied to the solenoid 20, initially assumes a low value V1 increasing gradually thereafter up to a predetermined final value V2. Substantially, this occurs in such a way that the voltage between the node 7 and ground increases initially as shown in Figure 3:
  • the electronic switch 6 may appropriately be a transistor.
  • the control circuit 17 of Figure 1 is easily made from control stages of conventional type, able to make the transistor operate in a substantially linear manner and in an on/off mode.
  • the starter system described above with reference to Figure 1 also includes an electrical temperature sensor 18, preferably arranged adjacent the electromagnetic control device 20, 11.
  • the control circuit 17 has a further convenient input connected to this sensor.
  • Such a control circuit is able to control the electronic switch 6 so as to modify the average value of the current flowing through the solenoid in dependence on the temperature measured by the sensor 18.
  • the circuit 17 controls the electronic switch 6 so that it supplies increasing (decreasing) average current to the solenoid 20.
  • This arrangement enables any increase/decrease in the electrical resistance of the solenoid 20, as a result of any increase/decrease in temperature, to be compensated.
  • the pulse width modulation (PWM) control of the electronic switch 6 in the time period t b -t a means less power is dissipated in the excitation solenoid 20.
  • this solenoid may be made with fewer turns, each having a greater cross-section. This means that for the same voltage supplied the ampere-turns can be increased, thereby increasing the power of the electromagnetic control device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Characterised By The Charging Evacuation (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Anlaßvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor, wobei die Vorrichtung enthält:
    eine Gleichspannungsquelle (1),
    einen Anlaß-Elektromotor (M), der dazu dient, um ein verschiebbares Ritzel (12) in Drehung zu versetzen,
    eine elektromagnetische Steuervorrichtung (20; 11), die zumindest eine Wicklung (20) aufweist, die beim Durchfluß eines Stroms dazu dient, um das Ritzel (12) zu veranlassen, sich zu einer Arbeitsstellung zu verschieben, in der das Ritzel (12) in ein drehbares Element (13) des Verbrennungsmotors eingreifen kann, und das Schließen eines Kontaktes (11) zu bewirken, der zwischen einem Anschluß (4) zwischen der Spannungsquelle (1) und dem Anlaßmotor (M) liegt; und
    eine Steuerstufe (14-18), die dazu dient, um das Kuppeln des Elektromotors (M) und der Zylinderspule (20) der elektromagnetischen Steuervorrichtung (20; 11) mit der Spannungsquelle (1) zu steuern; wobei die Steuerstufe enthält:
    einen elektrischen Fühler (14), der dazu dient, um elektrische Signale zu liefern, die die Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle (13) des Verbrennungsmotors anzeigen;
    einen Schalter (6) der zwischen der Spannungsquelle (1) und der Zylinderspule (20) der elektromagnetischen Steuervorrichtung (20; 11) liegt, und
    eine Überwachungsstufe (15), die mit dem Fühler (14) und dem Schalter (6) verbunden ist; wobei die Überwachungsstufe (15), wenn sie in Betrieb steht, dazu dient, um durch die Zylinderspule (20) in einem ersten Zeitintervall einen Gleichstrom und daraufhin in einem zweiten Zeitintervall einen gepulsten Strom fließen zu lassen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuerstufe (14-18) so voreingestellt wird, um:
    - durch die Zylinderspule (20) in einem ersten festen Zeitintervall mit konstanter Dauer (ta-t₀) einen Gleichstrom fließen zu lassen;
    - nach dem ersten Zeitintervall (ta-t₀) durch die Zylinderspule (20) einen gepulsten Strom fließen zu lassen, wenn im ersten Zeitintervall (ta-t₀) die vom Fühler (14) gelieferten Signale anzeigen, daß die Drehzahl der Motorkurbelwelle (13) einen vorgegebenen Minimalschwellwert überschritten hat;
    - den Stromfluß durch die zumindest eine Zylinderspule (20) am Ende des ersten Zeitintervalls (ta-t₀) zu unterbrechen, wenn die Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle (13) den Minimalschwellwert in diesem Zeitintervall (ta-t₀) nicht überschritten hat;
    - den Stromfluß des gepulsten Stroms durch die Zylinderspule (20) in einem zweiten Zeitintervall (tb-ta) zu unterbrechen, sobald die Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle (13) einen vorgegebenen Wert erreicht, der größer als der Schwellwert ist, oder am Ende des zweiten Zeitintervalls (tb-ta) zu unterbrechen, wenn im zweiten Intervall (tb-ta) die Drehzahl der Kurbelwelle (13) den vorgegebenen Wert nicht überschreitet; wobei das erste (ta-t₀) und zweite (tb-ta) Zeitintervall vorher aufgrund der Kennlinien des Verbrennungsmotors beziehungsweise der elektromagnetischen Steuervorrichtung für den Anlaßmotor (20; 11) sowie des Anlaßmotors (M) festgelegt werden.
  2. Anlaßvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daS die Steuerstufe weiters einen Steuerkreis (17) aufweist, der dazu dient, um den durch die zumindest eine Zylinderspule (20) während des ersten Zeitintervalls (ta-t₀) fließenden Strom zu verändern; wobei der Steuerkreis (17) so aufgebaut ist, um an die zumindest eine Windung (20) zu legen:
    - in einem ersten Zeitintervall (Δt1) eine anfangs niedrige Spannung (V₁);
    - in einem zweiten vorgegebenen Zeitintervall (Δt2) eine Spannung, die von der niedrigen Spannung (V₁) bis zu einer vorgegebenen Endspannung (V₂) ansteigt, und nachher
    - eine Spannung, die gleich der Endspannung (V₂) ist.
  3. Anlaßvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung weiters einen Temperaturfühler (18) aufweist, der vorzugsweise neben der elektromagnetischen Steuervorrichtung (20; 11) angeordnet ist, und daß der Steuerkreis (17) voreingestellt wird, um den Mittelwert des durch die Erregerwicklung (20) fließenden Stroms in Abhängigkeit von jener Temperatur zu ändern, die mit dem Temperaturfühler (18) gemessen wird, so daß der Mittelwert mit jedem Ansteigen/Fallen der Temperatur angehoben/abgesenkt wird.
  4. Anlaßvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter (6) einen Transistor aufweist, und daß der Steuerkreis (17) voreingestellt wird, um den Transistor im ersten vorgegebenen Zeitintervall (ta-t₀) so zu steuern, daß der Transistor (6) im linearen Betrieb arbeitet.
  5. Anlaßvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter einen Transistor (6) aufweist, und daß der Steuerkreis (17) voreingestellt wird, um den Transistor (6) im zweiten Zeitintervall (tb-ta) in einem Impulsbetrieb mit einer Pulsbreitenmodulation zu steuern.
EP92117658A 1991-10-15 1992-10-15 Anlassvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor Expired - Lifetime EP0537754B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO910781A IT1249838B (it) 1991-10-15 1991-10-15 Sistema di avviamento per un motore a combustione interna.
ITTO910781 1991-10-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0537754A1 EP0537754A1 (de) 1993-04-21
EP0537754B1 true EP0537754B1 (de) 1995-12-06

Family

ID=11409645

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92117658A Expired - Lifetime EP0537754B1 (de) 1991-10-15 1992-10-15 Anlassvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0537754B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69206572T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2082321T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1249838B (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2749451B1 (fr) * 1996-06-04 1998-08-21 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Procede et dispositif de commande de demarreur de vehicule automobile
DE19929246C2 (de) * 1999-06-25 2001-10-25 Volkswagen Ag Batteriesystem
JP3942401B2 (ja) * 2001-10-30 2007-07-11 株式会社デンソー エンジン始動システム
DE102007050306B4 (de) * 2007-10-22 2018-05-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Steuern eines Startvorgangs einer Brennkraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5859314A (ja) * 1981-10-05 1983-04-08 Nissan Motor Co Ltd エンジンの始動装置
EP0244521B1 (de) * 1984-11-08 1989-05-03 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Anlasser für Verbrennungsmotor
US4917410A (en) * 1988-12-12 1990-04-17 General Motors Corporation Electronic starting motor control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1249838B (it) 1995-03-28
EP0537754A1 (de) 1993-04-21
ES2082321T3 (es) 1996-03-16
ITTO910781A1 (it) 1993-04-16
DE69206572T2 (de) 1996-05-15
ITTO910781A0 (it) 1991-10-15
DE69206572D1 (de) 1996-01-18

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