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EP0508052B1 - Fault current relay - Google Patents

Fault current relay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0508052B1
EP0508052B1 EP92101784A EP92101784A EP0508052B1 EP 0508052 B1 EP0508052 B1 EP 0508052B1 EP 92101784 A EP92101784 A EP 92101784A EP 92101784 A EP92101784 A EP 92101784A EP 0508052 B1 EP0508052 B1 EP 0508052B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
leg
shaped yoke
yoke portion
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92101784A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0508052A3 (en
EP0508052A2 (en
Inventor
Stefan Dipl.-Ing. Antonik
Walter Dipl.-Ing. Kraus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SCHIELE INDUSTRIEWERKE GMBH
Original Assignee
Schiele Industriewerke GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0508052A2 publication Critical patent/EP0508052A2/en
Publication of EP0508052A3 publication Critical patent/EP0508052A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0508052B1 publication Critical patent/EP0508052B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements
    • H01H71/323—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements with rotatable armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H50/04—Mounting complete relay or separate parts of relay on a base or inside a case
    • H01H50/041—Details concerning assembly of relays
    • H01H2050/046—Assembling parts of a relay by using snap mounting techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H50/40—Branched or multiple-limb main magnetic circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a residual current relay, consisting of a magnet system arranged in a housing with a spring-loaded hinged armature, the triggering movement of which is transmitted to a plunger arranged above the armature on the housing, the magnet system being formed from a U-shaped yoke, on the armature-remote pole leg of the coil former with fault current connection.
  • a fault current relay of this type is known, for example, from DE-A-17 64 921.
  • the plunger interacts with the hinged armature, which is arranged essentially perpendicular to the armature and through which the switching movement of the armature is transmitted to the actual circuit breaker. If there is no fault current, the hinged armature rests on the pole faces of the magnet system against the spring action, and is held by the pulling force of the permanent magnet, which is part of the magnet system.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to improve residual current relays of the generic type with simple means in such a way that with at least comparatively the same immunity to interference of previous relays, the power consumption is significantly reduced and thus the responsiveness to residual currents can be increased.
  • the pole faces of the permanent magnet located in the shunt are fully integrated into the overall magnetic system, as a result of which the magnetic force flow is optimally introduced into the soft magnetic material and saturation effects in the circles of the magnetic force flows are avoided when the state of charge of the permanent magnet reaches a maximum value does not exceed.
  • the shunt resistance is much larger than the resistances generated by the air gaps between the hinged armature and the pole faces of the yoke, the impedance of the relays is largely constant at the operating point and depends only to a small extent on the tripping power.
  • the shunt resistance is precisely defined by the one inserted between the yoke parts non-magnetic film. Together with the practically loss-free opening mechanism, all of this guarantees stable operation with a power consumption of only 50 ⁇ VA and with at least the same immunity to mechanical shock as conventional FI relays, but whose power consumption is much higher.
  • the effect according to the invention namely to be able to substantially reduce the power consumption with at least comparatively the same immunity to interference of previous relays, is based on the fact that the magnetic resistance of the iron in the magnetic circuit is not neglected. Without iron magnetic resistance, there would be no saturation effects. Due to the geometric structure of the yoke according to the invention, these saturation effects can only occur in the shunt circuit, as a result of which the main circuit, which is decisive for the sensitivity of the relay, remains magnetically soft.
  • FIG. 1 shows an equivalent circuit diagram for the entire magnetic system on which the relay is based if the magnetic resistance of the yoke and armature material is neglected in a first approximation.
  • the residual current relay consists of a magnet system arranged in a housing 4 with a spring-loaded hinged armature 2, the triggering movement of which a plunger 3 arranged above the armature 2 on the housing 4 is transmitted, the magnet system being formed from a U-shaped yoke J, on the pole leg 11 'remote from the armature bearing, the coil former 1 with fault current connection 12 is seated.
  • the U-shaped yoke J is formed from an L-shaped yoke part 11 and an S-shaped yoke part 7, which has its leg 7 'below the coil former 1 with the interposition of a non-magnetic film 10 on the pole leg 11 'is present, the permanent magnet 9 of the magnet system between the short leg 11' 'of the yoke part 11 and the connecting web of the leg 7' and the pole leg 7 '' of the S-shaped yoke part forming the base web 7 '' 'of the u-shaped yoke J 7 is arranged.
  • the housing 4 is designed as a hood enclosing the entire system and seated on a base plate 8, in which the plunger 3 is arranged in a guide at the top, which, for example, has a stroke of at least 2 mm with sufficient force to actuate the lock in the FI Should be able to bridge switches.
  • the internal magnetic circuit consists of the permanent magnet 9, the L-yoke part 11, the S-yoke part 7 and the film 10.
  • the L-yoke part 11, the films 10 and the S-yoke part 7 are each on the right by two laser welding points (not shown) and firmly connected on the left.
  • the permanent magnet 9 is attached to the right and left bottom of the L-yoke 11 by a laser welding spot.
  • the coil former 1 sits on the pole leg 11 'of the L-yoke part 11 and is clipped to the base plate 8.
  • the armature holder 6 is seated on the pole leg 7 ′′ of the S-yoke part 7.
  • the armature holding shaft 13 is guided in two lateral guides in the armature holder 6 and has a rectangular mandrel 13 ′ which is caulked in the hinged armature 2 and is thus firmly connected to it .
  • a tension spring 5 is suspended at the end of the anchor, the other end of which is attached to the base plate 8. In the closed relay state, this tension spring 5 is biased by a fixed amount.
  • the permanent magnet 9 generates a first magnetic force flow ⁇ 1 through the S-yoke part 7 and the L-yoke part 11 and a second magnetic force flow ⁇ 2 through the S-yoke part 7, the armature 2 and the L-yoke part 11.
  • the absolute value of the force flows ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is determined by the state of charge of the permanent magnet 9.
  • the ratio of the force flows ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2 is defined by the size of the "magnetic air gap", which is given by the thickness of the film 10.
  • the magnetic relationships can be represented by neglecting the magnetic resistance of the yoke and armature parts by means of the attached equivalent circuit diagram according to FIG. 2.
  • the geometric configuration of the soft magnetic circuit through L-yoke part 11, S-yoke part 7 and armature 2 ensures that no saturation can occur in the material if the state of charge of the permanent magnet does not exceed a specified maximum value, which causes that in wide areas free adaptation to the upstream converter (not shown) is possible.
  • the magnetic force flow ⁇ 2 ensures that the armature 2 is pressed firmly onto the pole faces of the S and L yoke parts 7, 11.
  • the tensioned tension spring 5 counteracts this so-called “anchor holding force”.
  • this tension spring 5 causes the relay to open, ie the armature 2 is rotated clockwise about the armature holding shaft 13 until the plunger 3 strikes the hood forming the housing 4.
  • the armature holding force, generated by the magnetic flux ⁇ 2 is fundamentally stronger than the opposing force, which is generated by the tension spring 5.
  • the overhang of the armature holding force, generated by the magnetic flux ⁇ 2 compared to the opposite force of the tension spring 5, is a measure of the immunity to interference of the relay against external mechanical shocks.
  • a fault current is introduced into the coil 1 via the connection lugs 12 in a RCD.
  • This fault current induces a magnetic force flow ⁇ 3, which counteracts the force flow ⁇ 2 and thus also the armature holding force. From a certain fault current strength in the coil 1, the magnetic force flow ⁇ 3 induced by it is so great that the force generated by the prestressed tension spring 5 leads to the opening of the armature 2.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

A fault current relay, consisting of a magnet system which is arranged in a housing (4) and has a spring-loaded hinged armature (2) whose tripping movement is transmitted to a plunger (3) which is arranged above the armature (2) on the housing (4), the magnet system being formed from a U-shaped yoke (J) on whose pole limb (11') remote from the armature bearing the coil former (1) is seated, with the fault current connection (12). According to the invention, the U-shaped yoke (J) is formed from an L-shaped yoke part (11), whose longer limb forms a pole limb (11'), and of a yoke part (7) which is bent twice into a shape similar to a S, rests with its one end limb (7') underneath the coil former (1) on the pole limb (11') of the L-shaped yoke part (11) with a non-magnetic film (10) placed in between, and, with its second end limb, forms a second pole limb (7''), and such that the permanent magnet (9) of the magnet system is arranged between the shorter limb (11'') of the L-shaped yoke part (11) and the connecting web, which forms the base web (7"') of the U-shaped yoke (J), of both end limbs of the yoke part (7) having approximately the shape of a S. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fehlerstromrelais, bestehend aus einem in einem Gehäuse angeordneten Magnetsystem mit federbelastetem Klappanker, dessen Auslösebewegung an einen über dem Anker am Gehäuse angeordneten Stößel übertragen wird, wobei das Magnetsystem aus einem u-förmigen Joch gebildet ist, an dessen ankerlagerfernen Polschenkel der Spulenkörper mit Fehlerstromanschluß sitzt.The invention relates to a residual current relay, consisting of a magnet system arranged in a housing with a spring-loaded hinged armature, the triggering movement of which is transmitted to a plunger arranged above the armature on the housing, the magnet system being formed from a U-shaped yoke, on the armature-remote pole leg of the coil former with fault current connection.

Ein Fehlerstromrelais dieser Art ist bspw. nach der DE-A-17 64 921 bekannt. Bei solchen Fehlerstromrelais wirkt mit dem Klappanker der Stößel zusammen, der im wesentlichen senkrecht zum Anker angeordnet ist und durch den die Schaltbewegung des Ankers auf den eigentlichen Schutzschalter übertragen wird. Bei nicht vorhandenem Fehlerstrom ruht der Klappanker auf den Polflächen des Magnetsystems entgegen der Federwirkung auf, und zwar gehalten von der Anzugskraft des Dauermagneten, der mit zum Magnetsystem gehört. Tritt ein Fehlerstrom auf, so wird die auf den Klappanker wirkende Anzugskraft reduziert, der Anker schlägt durch die Federkraft auf und der Stößel öffnet den Schutzschalter, der dann nach Beseitigung der Fehlerquelle in bekannter Weise wieder geschlossen und dabei - ebenfalls wieder via Stößel - der Klappanker in seine Ruhestellung auf den Polflächen des Magnetsystems zurückgestellt wird.A fault current relay of this type is known, for example, from DE-A-17 64 921. In such fault current relays, the plunger interacts with the hinged armature, which is arranged essentially perpendicular to the armature and through which the switching movement of the armature is transmitted to the actual circuit breaker. If there is no fault current, the hinged armature rests on the pole faces of the magnet system against the spring action, and is held by the pulling force of the permanent magnet, which is part of the magnet system. If a fault current occurs, the tightening force acting on the hinged anchor is reduced, the anchor strikes due to the spring force and the plunger opens the circuit breaker, which then closes again in a known manner after the source of the fault has been eliminated and the hinged anchor also - again via the plunger is returned to its rest position on the pole faces of the magnet system.

Dabei ist man bemüht, die Leistungsaufnahme in bezug auf die vorgegebene und konstante Federkraft bzw. den Magnetfluß des Dauermagneten wegen der Ansprechbarkeit des Relais auf Fehlerströme so niedrig wie möglich zu halten, wobei aber gleichzeitig eine ausreichende Störunempfindlichkeit gegen äußere mechanische Erschütterungen gegeben sein muß, damit nicht schon allein dadurch das Relais ausgelöst wird. Bezüglich der Leistungsaufnahme (via Fehlerstrom) kommt es also entscheidend darauf an, in welcher Weise der vom Fehlerstrom via Spule im Magnetsystem erzeugte magnetische Kraftfluß auf den des Dauermagneten einwirken kann, um diesen soweit zu kompensieren, daß die vom Dauermagneten erzeugte Ankerhaltekraft aufgehoben und die dieser entgegenwirkende Federkraft wirksam werden und den Klappanker abheben kann. Soweit bekannt, haben bisherige Bemühungen, die Leistungsaufnahme zu reduzieren und damit die Ansprechbarkeit solcher Relais zu erhöhen, immer zu einer erhöhten Störanfälligkeit gegen äußere mechanische Erschütterungen oder dgl. Einwirkungen geführt.It is endeavored to keep the power consumption in relation to the predetermined and constant spring force or the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet as low as possible because of the response of the relay to fault currents, but at the same time there must be sufficient immunity to external mechanical vibrations so that this is not enough to trigger the relay. With regard to the power consumption (via fault current), it depends on which one How the magnetic flux generated by the fault current via coil in the magnet system can act on that of the permanent magnet to compensate for it to such an extent that the armature holding force generated by the permanent magnet is canceled and the counteracting spring force can take effect and lift the hinged armature. As far as is known, previous efforts to reduce the power consumption and thus to increase the responsiveness of such relays have always led to an increased susceptibility to interference from external mechanical vibrations or the like.

Der Erfindung liegt demgemäß die Aufgabe zugrunde, Fehlerstromrelais der gattungsgemäßen Art mit einfachen Mitteln dahingehend zu verbessern, daß bei zumindest vergleichsweise gleicher Störunempfindlichkeit bisheriger Relais, die Leistungsaufnahme wesentlich reduziert und damit die Ansprechbarkeit auf Fehlerströme erhöht werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object to improve residual current relays of the generic type with simple means in such a way that with at least comparatively the same immunity to interference of previous relays, the power consumption is significantly reduced and thus the responsiveness to residual currents can be increased.

Diese Aufgabe ist mit einem Fehlerstromrelais der eingangs genannten Art nach der Erfindung durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angeführten Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und praktische Ausführungsformen ergeben sich nach den Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved with a fault current relay of the type mentioned according to the invention by the features stated in claim 1. Advantageous further developments and practical embodiments result from the subclaims.

Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Relais sind die Polflächen des im Nebenschluß befindlichen Dauermagneten voll in das magnetische Gesamtsystem eingebunden, wodurch der magnetische Kraftfluß optimal in das weichmagnetische Material eingeleitet wird und Sättigungseffekte in den Kreisen der magnetischen Kraftflüsse vermieden werden, wenn der Ladungszustand des Dauermageneten einen Maximalwert nicht überschreitet. Da der Nebenschlußwiderstand sehr viel größer ist als die Widerstände, die durch die Luftspalte zwischen Klappanker und den Polflächen des Joches erzeugt werden, ist die Impedanz der Relais im Arbeitspunkt weitgehend konstant und nur im geringen Maße abhängig von der Auslöse-Leistung. Der Nebenschlußwiderstand ist dabei exakt definiert durch die zwischen den Jochteilen eingefügte nichtmagnetische Folie. Dies alles zusammen garantiert im Zusammenspiel mit dem praktisch verlustfreien Öffnungsmechanismus einen stabilen Betrieb bei einer Leistungsaufnahme von nur 50 µVA und bei mindestens gleichgroßer Störunempfindlichkeit gegen mechanische Schockbeanspruchung, wie sie bisherige FI-Relais haben, deren Leistungsaufnahme dabei aber wesentlich höher liegt.Through this inventive design of the relay, the pole faces of the permanent magnet located in the shunt are fully integrated into the overall magnetic system, as a result of which the magnetic force flow is optimally introduced into the soft magnetic material and saturation effects in the circles of the magnetic force flows are avoided when the state of charge of the permanent magnet reaches a maximum value does not exceed. Since the shunt resistance is much larger than the resistances generated by the air gaps between the hinged armature and the pole faces of the yoke, the impedance of the relays is largely constant at the operating point and depends only to a small extent on the tripping power. The shunt resistance is precisely defined by the one inserted between the yoke parts non-magnetic film. Together with the practically loss-free opening mechanism, all of this guarantees stable operation with a power consumption of only 50 µVA and with at least the same immunity to mechanical shock as conventional FI relays, but whose power consumption is much higher.

Der erfindungsgemäße Effekt, nämlich bei zumindest vergleichweise gleicher Störunempfindlichkeit bisheriger Relais die Leistungsaufnahme wesentlich reduzieren zu können, basiert also darauf, daß der magnetische Widerstand des Eisens im Magnetkreis nicht vernachlässigt wird. Ohne magnetischen Widerstand des Eisens gäbe es keine Sättigungseffekte. Diese Sättigungseffekte können durch den erfindungsgemäßen geometrischen Aufbau des Joches nur im Nebenschlußkreis auftreten, wodurch der für die Empfindlichkeit des Relais maßgebliche Hauptkreis magnetisch weich bleibt.The effect according to the invention, namely to be able to substantially reduce the power consumption with at least comparatively the same immunity to interference of previous relays, is based on the fact that the magnetic resistance of the iron in the magnetic circuit is not neglected. Without iron magnetic resistance, there would be no saturation effects. Due to the geometric structure of the yoke according to the invention, these saturation effects can only occur in the shunt circuit, as a result of which the main circuit, which is decisive for the sensitivity of the relay, remains magnetically soft.

Im Gegensatz zu bisherigen Relais ist somit garantiert, daß trotz genügend großem, vom Magneten generierten Kraftfluß durch die Joche keine Sättigungseffekte den Fehlerstrom-Magnetfluß behindern. Die Empfindlichkeit gegen Bestromung ist beim erfindungsgemäßen Relais also weitaus größer als bei allen bisher bekannten Relais.In contrast to previous relays, it is thus guaranteed that, despite the sufficiently large force flow generated by the magnet through the yokes, no saturation effects hinder the residual current magnetic flux. The sensitivity to current supply in the relay according to the invention is thus far greater than in all previously known relays.

Das erfindungsgemäße Fehlerstromrelais wird nachfolgend anhand der zeichnerischen Darstellung eines einzigen und insoweit bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles gemäß Fig. 1 näher erläutert. Fig. 2 stellt ein Ersatzschaltbild für das gesamte, dem Relais zugrundeliegende magnetische System dar, wenn der magnetische Widerstand des Joch- und Ankermaterials in erster Näherung vernachlässigt wird.The residual current relay according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing of a single and, to that extent, preferred exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1. 2 shows an equivalent circuit diagram for the entire magnetic system on which the relay is based if the magnetic resistance of the yoke and armature material is neglected in a first approximation.

Grundsätzlich und in bekannter Weise besteht dabei das Fehlerstromrelais aus einem in einem Gehäuse 4 angeordneten Magnetsystem mit federbelastetem Klappanker 2, dessen Auslösebewegung an einen über dem Anker 2 am Gehäuse 4 angeordneten Stößel 3 übertragen wird, wobei das Magnetsystem aus einem u-förmigen Joch J gebildet ist, an dessen ankerlagerfernen Polschenkel 11' der Spulenkörper 1 mit Fehlerstromanschluß 12 sitzt.Basically and in a known manner, the residual current relay consists of a magnet system arranged in a housing 4 with a spring-loaded hinged armature 2, the triggering movement of which a plunger 3 arranged above the armature 2 on the housing 4 is transmitted, the magnet system being formed from a U-shaped yoke J, on the pole leg 11 'remote from the armature bearing, the coil former 1 with fault current connection 12 is seated.

Für dieses Fehlerstromrelais ist nun wesentlich, daß das u-förmige Joch J aus einem L-förmigen Jochteil 11 und einem S-förmigen Jochteil 7 gebildet ist, das mit seinem Schenkel 7' unterhalb des Spulenkörpenrs 1 unter Zwischenschaltung einer nichtmagnetischen Folie 10 am Polschenkel 11'anliegt, wobei der Dauermagnet 9 des Magnetsystems zwischen dem kurzen Schenkel 11'' des Jochteiles 11 und dem den Basissteg 7''' des u-förmigen Joches J bildenden Verbindungssteg des Schenkels 7' und des Polschenkels 7'' des S-förmigen Jochteiles 7 angeordnet ist. Das Gehäuse 4 ist dabei als das ganze System umschließende, auf einer Bodenplatte 8 sitzende Haube ausgebildet, in der oben der Stößel 3 in einer Führung angeordnet ist, der bspw. einen Hub von mindestens 2 mm mit ausreichender Kraft zur Betätigung des Schlosses im FI-Schalter überbrücken können soll.It is now essential for this residual current relay that the U-shaped yoke J is formed from an L-shaped yoke part 11 and an S-shaped yoke part 7, which has its leg 7 'below the coil former 1 with the interposition of a non-magnetic film 10 on the pole leg 11 'is present, the permanent magnet 9 of the magnet system between the short leg 11' 'of the yoke part 11 and the connecting web of the leg 7' and the pole leg 7 '' of the S-shaped yoke part forming the base web 7 '' 'of the u-shaped yoke J 7 is arranged. The housing 4 is designed as a hood enclosing the entire system and seated on a base plate 8, in which the plunger 3 is arranged in a guide at the top, which, for example, has a stroke of at least 2 mm with sufficient force to actuate the lock in the FI Should be able to bridge switches.

Der interne Magnetkreis besteht aus dem Dauermagneten 9, dem L-Jochteil 11, dem S-Jochteil 7 und der Folie 10. Das L-Jochteil 11, die Folien 10 und das S-Jochteil 7 sind durch je zwei Laserschweißpunkte (nicht dargestellt) rechts und links fest miteinander verbunden. Der Dauermagnet 9 ist durch je einen Laserschweißpunkt rechts und links unten am L-Joch 11 befestigt. Der Spulenkörper 1 sitzt auf dem Polschenkel 11' des L-Jochteils 11 und ist mit der Bodenplatte 8 verklipst. Die beiden elektrisch leitenden Anschlußfahnen 12, die im Spulenkörper 1 mit den beiden Wicklungsenden verlötet sind, ragen zur Kontaktierung durch die Bodenplatte nach außen.The internal magnetic circuit consists of the permanent magnet 9, the L-yoke part 11, the S-yoke part 7 and the film 10. The L-yoke part 11, the films 10 and the S-yoke part 7 are each on the right by two laser welding points (not shown) and firmly connected on the left. The permanent magnet 9 is attached to the right and left bottom of the L-yoke 11 by a laser welding spot. The coil former 1 sits on the pole leg 11 'of the L-yoke part 11 and is clipped to the base plate 8. The two electrically conductive connecting lugs 12, which are soldered in the coil former 1 to the two winding ends, project outwards for contacting through the base plate.

Auf dem Polschenkel 7'' des S-Jochteils 7 sitzt der Ankerhalter 6. In zwei seitlichen Führungen im Ankerhalter 6 ist die Ankerhaltewelle 13 geführt, die über einen rechteckigen Dorn 13' verfügt, der im Klappanker 2 verstemmt und somit fest mit diesem verbunden ist. Am Ende des Ankers ist eine Zugfeder 5 eingehängt, deren anderes Ende an der Bodenplatte 8 befestigt ist. Im geschlossenen Relaiszustand ist diese Zugfeder 5 um einen festen Betrag vorgespannt. Um eine möglichst verlustfreie, exakte und die Ansprechbarkeit des Relais praktisch nicht beeinträchtigende Klappankerlagerung zu erreichen, ohne dabei, wie dies bei bekannten Relais in der Regel der Fall ist, Feder- und Kippkantenausbildungen benutzen zu müssen, die immer mehr oder weniger stark mit Verlusten verbunden sind, besteht, wie ebenfalls aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich und wie zum Teil vorerwähnt, diese vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des Relais im einzelnen darin, daß der auf dem Polschenkel 7" des S-förmigen Jochteiles 7 entsprechend positionierte Ankerhalter 6 in seinen Seitenflanken 15 mit geringstmöglichem Drehspiel die Achsstümpfe der Ankerhaltewelle 13 gelagert sind, deren Dorn 13' mit dem unmittelbar darüber erstreckten Teil des Klappankers 2 fest verbunden ist, welche Verbindungsstelle selbstverständlich vor der Einhakstelle der Zugfeder 5 liegt.The armature holder 6 is seated on the pole leg 7 ″ of the S-yoke part 7. The armature holding shaft 13 is guided in two lateral guides in the armature holder 6 and has a rectangular mandrel 13 ′ which is caulked in the hinged armature 2 and is thus firmly connected to it . A tension spring 5 is suspended at the end of the anchor, the other end of which is attached to the base plate 8. In the closed relay state, this tension spring 5 is biased by a fixed amount. In order to achieve the most loss-free, exact and practically not impair the responsiveness of the relay hinged armature bearing without, as is usually the case with known relays, spring and tilting edge designs that are more or less associated with losses are, as can also be seen from Fig. 1 and as mentioned in part, this advantageous development of the relay in detail is that the armature holder 6 correspondingly positioned on the pole leg 7 "of the S-shaped yoke part 7 in its side flanks 15 with the least possible rotational play the stub axles of the armature holding shaft 13 are mounted, the mandrel 13 'of which is firmly connected to the part of the hinged armature 2 which extends directly above it, which connection point is, of course, in front of the hooking point of the tension spring 5.

Dieses Relais funktioniert wie folg:
Der Dauermagnet 9 erzeugt einen ersten magnetischen Kraftfluß ø1 durch das S-Jochteil 7 und das L-Jochteil 11 und einen zweiten magnetischen Kraftfluß ø2 durch das S-Jochteil 7, den Anker 2 und das L-Jochteil 11. Der Absolutwert der Kraftflüsse ø1 und ø2 ist durch den Ladungszustand des Dauermagneten 9 festgelegt. Das Verhältnis der Kraftflüsse ø1 zu ø2 wird durch die Größe des "Magnetischen Luftspaltes" definiert, der durch die Dicke der Folie 10 gegeben ist. Die magnetischen Verhältnisse sind unter Vernachlässigung des magnetischen Widerstandes der Joch- und Ankerteile durch das beigefügte Ersatzschaltbild gemäß Fig. 2 darstellbar.This relay works as follows:
The permanent magnet 9 generates a first magnetic force flow ø1 through the S-yoke part 7 and the L-yoke part 11 and a second magnetic force flow ø2 through the S-yoke part 7, the armature 2 and the L-yoke part 11. The absolute value of the force flows ø1 and ø2 is determined by the state of charge of the permanent magnet 9. The ratio of the force flows ø1 to ø2 is defined by the size of the "magnetic air gap", which is given by the thickness of the film 10. The magnetic relationships can be represented by neglecting the magnetic resistance of the yoke and armature parts by means of the attached equivalent circuit diagram according to FIG. 2.

Die geometrische Konfiguration des weichmagnetischen Kreises durch L-Jochteil 11, S-Jochteil 7 und Anker 2 (ø2) gewährleistet, daß im Material keine Sättigung auftreten kann, wenn der Ladungszustand des Dauermagneten einen festgelegten Maximalwert nicht überschreitet, was bewirkt, daß in weiten Bereichen eine freie Anpassung an den vorgeschalteten Wandler (nicht dargestellt) möglich ist. Der magnetische Kraftfluß ø2 sorgt dafür, daß der Anker 2 fest auf die Polflächen der S-, und L-Jochteiles 7, 11 gedrückt wird. Dieser sogenannten "Ankerhaltekraft" wirkt die gespannte Zugfeder 5 entgegen. Diese Zugfeder 5 bewirkt bei fehlendem magnetischen Kraftfluß ø2 das Öffnen des Relais, d.h. der Anker 2 wird um die Ankerhaltewelle 13 in Uhrzeigerrichtung gedreht, bis der Stößel 3 an der das Gehäuse 4 bildenden Haube anschlägt. Im geschlossenen Relaiszustand ist die Ankerhaltekraft, erzeugt durch den Magnetfluß ø2, grundsätzlich stärker, als die entgegen gerichtete Kraft, die durch die Zugfeder 5 erzeugt wird. Der Überhang der Ankerhaltekraft, erzeugt durch den magnetischen Fluß ø2 gegenüber der entgegen gerichteten Kraft der Zugfeder 5, ist ein Maß für die Störunempfindlichkeit des Relais gegen äußere mechanische Erschütterungen. Über die Anschlußfahnen 12 wird in einem FI-Schalter ein Fehlerstrom in die Spule 1 eingeleitet. Dieser Fehlerstrom induziert einen magnetischen Kraftfluß ø3, der dem Kraftfluß ø2 entgegenwirkt und damit auch der Ankerhaltekraft. Von einer bestimmten Fehlerstromstärke ab in der Spule 1 ist der von ihr induzierte magnetische Kraftfluß ø3 so groß, daß die durch die vorgespannte Zugfeder 5 erzeugte Kraft zum Öffnen des Ankers 2 führt.The geometric configuration of the soft magnetic circuit through L-yoke part 11, S-yoke part 7 and armature 2 (ø2) ensures that no saturation can occur in the material if the state of charge of the permanent magnet does not exceed a specified maximum value, which causes that in wide areas free adaptation to the upstream converter (not shown) is possible. The magnetic force flow ø2 ensures that the armature 2 is pressed firmly onto the pole faces of the S and L yoke parts 7, 11. The tensioned tension spring 5 counteracts this so-called "anchor holding force". In the absence of a magnetic force flow ø2, this tension spring 5 causes the relay to open, ie the armature 2 is rotated clockwise about the armature holding shaft 13 until the plunger 3 strikes the hood forming the housing 4. In the closed relay state, the armature holding force, generated by the magnetic flux ø2, is fundamentally stronger than the opposing force, which is generated by the tension spring 5. The overhang of the armature holding force, generated by the magnetic flux ø2 compared to the opposite force of the tension spring 5, is a measure of the immunity to interference of the relay against external mechanical shocks. A fault current is introduced into the coil 1 via the connection lugs 12 in a RCD. This fault current induces a magnetic force flow ø3, which counteracts the force flow ø2 and thus also the armature holding force. From a certain fault current strength in the coil 1, the magnetic force flow ø3 induced by it is so great that the force generated by the prestressed tension spring 5 leads to the opening of the armature 2.

Claims (6)

  1. A fault-current relay, comprising a magnetic system with a spring-loaded moving armature (2) housed in a casing (4), the release movement of which is transmitted to a plunger (3) arranged above the armature (2) on the casing (4), with the magnetic system being formed of a U-shaped joke (J), with the bobbin (1) along with the fault-current connection (12) being seated on the polar leg (11') thereof facing away from the armature bearing, and with the U-shaped yoke being formed of an L-shaped yoke portion (11) and of an S-type yoke portion (7), with a non-magnetic foil (10) inserted therebetween, and with a permanent magnet (9) of the magnetic system being provided between the two yoke portions (11,7), characterized in that the longer leg of the L-shaped yoke portion (11) forms a polar leg (11') and the S-type yoke portion is formed of a dual-angled yoke portion (7) which, with the one end leg (7') thereof underneath the bobbin (1), is in abutment with the polar leg (11') of the L-shaped yoke portion (11), with the non-magnetic foil (10) being provided therebetween, and which, with the second end leg thereof forms a second polar leg (7"), and that the permanent magnet (9) of the magnetic system is provided between the shorter leg (11") of the L-shaped yoke portion (11) and the connecting bridge of the two end legs of the approximately S-shaped yoke portion (7) forming the basic bridge (7"') of the U-shaped joke (J).
  2. A relay according to claim 1, characterized in that the bobbin (1) is provided with an elongated extension (1') and by means of a clip (14) is fixed to the bottom plate (8) of the casing (4).
  3. A relay according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the polar leg (11') of the L-shaped yoke portion (11) is anchored underneath a bottom plate extension (8').
  4. A relay according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two yoke portions (7,11) in the area of the foil (10), on the lateral flanks, are spot-welded to one another.
  5. A relay according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the permanent magnet (9) with the shorter leg (11') of the L-shaped yoke portion (7) is spot-welded at two points.
  6. A relay according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the armature holder (6) positioned on the polar leg (7") of the S-shaped yoke portion (7) in the side flanks (15) thereof is provided with aligning grooves (16) in which are arranged, with low rotating clearance, the axle stubs ofthe armature holding spindle (13) provided with a mandrel (13'), with the said mandrel (13') being directly connected to the part ofthe moving armature (2) extending thereabove.
EP92101784A 1991-04-07 1992-02-04 Fault current relay Expired - Lifetime EP0508052B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4111092A DE4111092A1 (en) 1991-04-07 1991-04-07 Fault current relay
DE4111092 1991-04-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0508052A2 EP0508052A2 (en) 1992-10-14
EP0508052A3 EP0508052A3 (en) 1993-08-11
EP0508052B1 true EP0508052B1 (en) 1996-08-14

Family

ID=6428905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92101784A Expired - Lifetime EP0508052B1 (en) 1991-04-07 1992-02-04 Fault current relay

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EP (1) EP0508052B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE141441T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4111092A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2091341T3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011126460A1 (en) 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Arc preventing switch
WO2012105913A1 (en) 2011-02-04 2012-08-09 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Electromagnetic relay, in particular for interruption of an electric circuit in the cases of differential circuit, and a switch comprising such relay
WO2012169975A1 (en) 2011-06-06 2012-12-13 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Electromagnetic relay with improved yoke, in particular a relay for interruption of electric circuit in the case of diffferential current, and switch comprising such relay

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES1025149Y (en) * 1993-06-30 1994-06-01 Electric Distrib & Contr Es Sa PERFECTED RELAY.
ES2107935B1 (en) * 1994-09-12 1998-10-01 Saez M Luisa Delgado IMPROVEMENTS INTRODUCED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF RELAYS.
DE19637076A1 (en) * 1996-09-12 1998-03-19 Maier & Cie C Magnetic release, especially for a residual current circuit breaker
CN106128868A (en) * 2016-08-19 2016-11-16 天津市百利电气有限公司 The dropout of electronic overload relay and reset conversion equipment

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1544085A (en) * 1967-09-14 1968-10-31 Comp Generale Electricite Adjustable electromagnetic relay
BE759996A (en) * 1970-01-02 1971-05-17 Felten & Guilleaume Schaltanl TRIGGER FOR FAULT CURRENT PROTECTION CIRCUIT BREAKER
FR2410353A1 (en) * 1977-11-28 1979-06-22 Merlin Gerin Polarised relay for differential circuit breaker - has magnetic yoke having two L=shaped legs, one carrying de-energising coil and other completing loop with permanent magnet
DE2905275A1 (en) * 1979-02-12 1980-08-21 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk MAGNETIC SYSTEM FOR A TRIGGER, ESPECIALLY IN A FAULT CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER
DE3643510A1 (en) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-30 Felten & Guilleaume Energie MAGNETIC SYSTEM FOR QUICK SHUTDOWN
FR2630256B1 (en) * 1988-04-14 1995-06-23 Merlin Gerin HIGH SENSITIVITY ELECTROMAGNETIC TRIGGER

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011126460A1 (en) 2010-04-07 2011-10-13 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Arc preventing switch
WO2012105913A1 (en) 2011-02-04 2012-08-09 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Electromagnetic relay, in particular for interruption of an electric circuit in the cases of differential circuit, and a switch comprising such relay
WO2012169975A1 (en) 2011-06-06 2012-12-13 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Electromagnetic relay with improved yoke, in particular a relay for interruption of electric circuit in the case of diffferential current, and switch comprising such relay

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE141441T1 (en) 1996-08-15
ES2091341T3 (en) 1996-11-01
EP0508052A3 (en) 1993-08-11
DE4111092A1 (en) 1992-10-08
DE59206886D1 (en) 1996-09-19
EP0508052A2 (en) 1992-10-14

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