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EP0590008B1 - Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores - Google Patents

Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0590008B1
EP0590008B1 EP92913017A EP92913017A EP0590008B1 EP 0590008 B1 EP0590008 B1 EP 0590008B1 EP 92913017 A EP92913017 A EP 92913017A EP 92913017 A EP92913017 A EP 92913017A EP 0590008 B1 EP0590008 B1 EP 0590008B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
extrusion
outer ring
bores
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92913017A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0590008A1 (en
Inventor
Arno Friedrichs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG
Gottlieb Guehring KG
Original Assignee
Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG
Gottlieb Guehring KG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG, Gottlieb Guehring KG filed Critical Konrad Friedrichs GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0590008A1 publication Critical patent/EP0590008A1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
    • B21C23/14—Making other products
    • B21C23/147—Making drill blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F2005/004—Article comprising helical form elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an extrusion tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one twisted inner bore according to the preamble of claim 1 or 2.
  • Tungsten carbide or ceramic rods with twisted, ie screw-shaped, inner bores are further processed into drills, for example.
  • the twisted inner bores form the later rinsing or cooling channels for introducing the coolant and rinsing agent.
  • From EP 01 18 035 it is known to twist the blank emerging from the extrusion device by means of appropriate twisting devices with an angular velocity which is matched to the material flow, the desired drill geometry and the spiral profile of the cooling channels.
  • additional twisting devices and coordinated control and regulating elements are required for this.
  • the twisting device which acts from the outside on the blank emerging from the extrusion tool leads to undesirable formation of grooves, pressure marks and constrictions.
  • the extrusion tool has become known, in which the extrusion compound is twisted helically during the extrusion process.
  • the extrusion tool has a nozzle, on the inner jacket of which there is at least one web which extends helically in the pressing direction and which forces the extruded material pressed through the nozzle from the radially outside into a swirl movement.
  • the twisted bores are provided with elastic pins which protrude into the interior of the nozzle and have the desired rinsing bore diameter.
  • an extrusion tool has also already been proposed (see EP-A-0 465 946, which belongs to the prior art according to Article 54 (3)), which has a swirl device in the form of a swirl screw, with the aid of which the extrusion compound already during the extrusion process receives a swirl movement within the extrusion die and leaves the nozzle mouthpiece with a smooth cylindrical channel with swirl.
  • the helical inner bores are formed by elastic threads attached to the swirl device or by thread-like material emerging from the swirl device and pressed into the mass flow.
  • the object of the invention is to further simplify the extrusion tool according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2 and to further improve the quality of the rod blanks produced herewith.
  • the carrier is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the nozzle, the flexible elements are formed by threads, and the mouthpiece is in the form of a cylindrical ring with a smooth, cylindrical nozzle channel, and that an outside of the channel arranged by the carrier and the mouthpiece arranged drive for rotation of the carrier and / or the mouthpiece is provided.
  • the object is achieved in that the carrier is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the nozzle and the devices for forming the corresponding inner bores have channel openings or outlet openings from which thread-like, plastic material can be pressed into the extrusion mass flow, the mouthpiece having the shape of a cylindrical ring with a smooth, cylindrical nozzle channel, and that a drive arranged outside the channel formed by the carrier and the mouthpiece is provided for rotating the carrier and / or the mouthpiece.
  • the thread carrier and / or the nozzle mouthpiece is designed to be rotatable, ie the thread carrier and / or nozzle mouthpiece rotate about the longitudinal axis.
  • the extrusion compound does not rotate while the thread carrier and / or the nozzle mouthpiece which is smooth on the inside is / are brought into rotation.
  • the pitch angle of the swirl channels generated is thus determined by the rotational speed of the thread carrier or the nozzle mouthpiece and the flow speed of the molding compound.
  • a rotating smooth nozzle that is to say a nozzle or a nozzle mouthpiece without projections, webs or the like, under the high pressing pressure of the press and due to the surface friction of the nozzle, the emerging molding compound rotates with almost no slip.
  • a drive is arranged within the press nozzle for rotating the thread carrier.
  • the thread carrier is designed as a hub which tapers towards the nozzle mouthpiece, ie it has the shape of a propeller hub without a wing.
  • the hub is expediently designed as a hollow hub and has a plurality of bores lying on different pitch circles, into which the threads are suspended.
  • these threads carry metallic or other parts which influence a magnetic or electrical field at their ends projecting into the nozzle mouthpiece. In this way, the rotational speed of the threads and thus the twist pitch can be measured indirectly with known extrusion speed of the plastic mass.
  • helically extending channels are produced in the mass flow which have high precision.
  • the swirl channels can also be produced by plastic material emerging from the carrier.
  • the extrusion tool essentially consists of the housing 1, which merges into the conically tapering nozzle 2 which is formed in one piece with it.
  • the nozzle mouthpiece 3 has a smooth cylindrical channel 4 and is either formed in one piece with the nozzle 2 or as a separate part, as shown.
  • a mandrel 5 is provided in a coaxial arrangement, to which the thread carrier 6 is attached.
  • This thread carrier 6 is approximately paraboloid-shaped in the manner of a propeller hub and hollow.
  • a plurality of fastening bores 7 are arranged on the thread carrier 6 and lie on different pitch circles, that is to say they have a different radial distance from the longitudinal axis 8.
  • Elastic threads 9 are fastened in each of these bores 7, namely in a number which corresponds to the number of later twisted inner bores.
  • the threads 9 protrude into the nozzle mouthpiece 3.
  • the nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to be stationary. But it can also be rotatable.
  • the thread carrier 6 can also be designed to be stationary or rotatable.
  • a drive is provided in each case in order to set the thread carrier 8 or the nozzle mouthpiece 3 in rotation.
  • a drive 10 is arranged inside the mandrel 5, which drives the thread carrier 6 via the shaft 11 communicates and rotates it, as indicated by arrow A.
  • the rotation of the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is symbolized by the arrow B.
  • the ceramic or hard metal mass located within the annular gap 12 between the mandrel 5 and the housing 1 or nozzle 2 is pressed by a pressing device (extruder, piston, etc.) not shown, past the thread carrier 6 into the nozzle mouthpiece 3 and emerges as a rod blank 13 which is then further treated by sintering.
  • the thread carrier 6 can be set in rotation.
  • the carrier 6 is driven from the inside by the drive 10 at a certain angular velocity in order to produce the desired swirl shape.
  • the extrusion is pressed out and does not rotate.
  • the speed of rotation of the thread carrier 6 and the (axial) flow speed of the molding compound determine the pitch angle of the swirl channels 13 generated.
  • the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is fixed, ie does not rotate.
  • the smooth nozzle mouthpiece 3 is set in rotation according to arrow B.
  • both the thread carrier 6 and the nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to rotate, so that a superimposition of the rotational movement of the nozzle 3 and the thread carrier 6 is obtained. If the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in the same direction, the rotation is increased, and if the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in the opposite direction, the Rotation and thus the swirl of the inner holes instead.
  • the thread carrier 6 can, for example, rotate at a constant speed, while the speed of rotation of the nozzle 3 is variable and possibly compensates for twist errors.
  • the ends of the threads 9 carry metallic or other parts influencing a magnetic field or an electric field in the area within the nozzle mouthpiece 3.
  • the rotational speed can then be determined and changed according to the requirements with an externally arranged measuring device (not shown further). All in all, this results in a simply dismantled extrusion tool, with which completely smooth rod blanks with highly precise, twisted inner bores can be produced on the lateral surface.
  • plastic material can also be pressed into the mass flow to produce the swirl channels 14.
  • This plastic material emerges in a thread-like manner from the bores 7 of the carrier 6, the bores 7 still being connected to channels (not shown in further detail) and a correspondingly designed press chamber or the like.
  • the plastic thread-like material contains a metallic powder as the filling compound, which influences the magnetic or electric field of a measuring device, also not shown, and is used to determine the speed of rotation.
  • This variant of the extrusion tool can also be used to produce rod blanks with a smooth outer surface and exact swirl holes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP92/01379 Sec. 371 Date May 2, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date May 2, 1994 PCT Filed Jun. 17, 1992 PCT Pub. No. WO93/24190 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 9, 1993.The invention relates to a extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one twisted internal bore (14). The nose (3) of the nozzle (2) has a smooth cylindrical channel (4). A bearer (6) is fitted coaxially inside the nozzle (2) which has a plurality of elastic threads (9) and/or channels or bores corresponding to the desired number of internal bores for the thread-shaped pressing of a plastic material into the extruded material. The bearer (6) and the nozzle nose (3) are rotary, i.e. they rotate about their longitudinal axes. The pitch of the twisted internal bores (14) produced is thus determined by the rotation speed of the thread bearer (6) and/or the nozzle nose (3) and the rate of flow of the extruded material. Rod blanks with high-precision helical internal bores (14) can thus be produced.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Strangpreßwerkzeug zur Herstellung eines Hartmetall- oder Keramikstabes mit mindestens einer gedrallten Innenbohrung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 oder 2.The invention relates to an extrusion tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one twisted inner bore according to the preamble of claim 1 or 2.

Hartmetall- oder Keramikstäbe mit gedrallten, d. h. schraubenförmigen, Innenbohrungen, werden beispielsweise zu Bohrern weiterverarbeitet. Die gedrallten Innenbohrungen bilden dabei die späteren Spül- bzw. Kühlkanäle zur Heranführung des Kühl- und Spülmittels. Aus der EP 01 18 035 ist es bekannt, den aus der Strangpreßeinrichtung austretenden Rohling mittels entsprechender Verdrilleinrichtungen mit einer auf den Materialfluß, auf die gewünschte Bohrergeometrie und auf den Wendelverlauf der Kühlkanäle abgestimmten Winkelgeschwindigkeit zu verdrillen. Hierfür werden neben dem eigentlichen Strangpreßwerkzeug noch zusätzliche Verdrilleinrichtungen und hierauf abgestimmte Steuer- und Regelorgane benötigt. Durch die von außen an dem aus dem Strangpreßwerkzeug austretenden Rohling angreifende Verdrilleinrichtung kommt es zu unerwünschter Bildung von Riefen, Anpreßmarken und Einschnürungen. Aus der DE 36 00 681 A1 ist ein Strangpreßwerkzeug bekanntgeworden, bei dem die Strangpreßmasse bereits während des Strangpreßvorgangs wendelförmig verdrillt wird. Zu diesem Zweck weist das Strangpreßwerkzeug eine Düse auf, an deren Innenmantel wenigstens ein in Preßrichtung wendelförmig velaufender Steg angeordnet ist, der der durch die Düse gepreßten Stangpreßmasse von radial außen her eine Drallbewegung aufzwingt. Zur Bildung der gedrallten Bohrungen sind elastische Stifte vorgesehen, die in den Düseninnenraum ragen und den gewünschten Spülbohrungsdurchmesser aufweisen. Mit diesem Strangpreßwerkzeug läßt sich keine gleichmäßige, über den gesamten Querschnitt des Rohlings wirkende Drallbewegung erzeugen, so daß die notwendige Geometrie der gedrallten Innenbohrungen kaum eingehalten und erhalten werden kann. Wegen der am Düseninnenmantel angeordneten Stege läßt sich auch kein Stabmaterial mit glatter Mantelfläche erzeugen; vielmehr weist das erzeugte Stabmaterial an seiner Mantel- oder Außenfläche ausgeprägte wendelförmige Eindrückungen auf. Außerdem kommt es wegen des abrasiven Verhaltens der verarbeiteten Hartmetall- bzw. Keramikmasse zu einem schnellen Verschleiß der Drallstege, so daß die Standzeit des Werkzeugs gering ist. Die Wiederaufarbeitung der Düsen z. B. durch Innenerodieren ist kostspielig und verteuert damit die Herstellung der Hartmetall- bzw. Keramikstäbe. Schließlich wurde auch schon ein Strangpreßwerkzeug vorgeschlage (Siehe EP-A-0 465 946, das zum Stand der Technik gemäß Artikel 54(3) gehört), das im Inneren eine als Drallschnecke ausgebildete Dralleinrichtung aufweist, mit deren Hilfe die Strangpreßmasse während des Strangpreßvorgangs schon innerhalb des Strangpreßwerzeugs eine Drallbewegung erhält und das einen glatten zylindrischen Kanal aufweisende Düsenmundstück mit Drall verläßt. Die Bildung der wendelförmigen Innenbohrungen erfolgt durch an der Dralleinrichtung befestigten elastischen Fäden oder durch aus der Dralleinrichtung austretendes und in den Massestrom eingepreßtes fadenförmiges Material.Tungsten carbide or ceramic rods with twisted, ie screw-shaped, inner bores are further processed into drills, for example. The twisted inner bores form the later rinsing or cooling channels for introducing the coolant and rinsing agent. From EP 01 18 035 it is known to twist the blank emerging from the extrusion device by means of appropriate twisting devices with an angular velocity which is matched to the material flow, the desired drill geometry and the spiral profile of the cooling channels. In addition to the actual extrusion tool, additional twisting devices and coordinated control and regulating elements are required for this. The twisting device which acts from the outside on the blank emerging from the extrusion tool leads to undesirable formation of grooves, pressure marks and constrictions. From DE 36 00 681 A1 an extrusion tool has become known, in which the extrusion compound is twisted helically during the extrusion process. For this purpose, the extrusion tool has a nozzle, on the inner jacket of which there is at least one web which extends helically in the pressing direction and which forces the extruded material pressed through the nozzle from the radially outside into a swirl movement. For education the twisted bores are provided with elastic pins which protrude into the interior of the nozzle and have the desired rinsing bore diameter. With this extrusion tool it is not possible to produce a uniform swirl movement that acts over the entire cross-section of the blank, so that the necessary geometry of the twisted inner bores can hardly be maintained and maintained. Because of the webs arranged on the inner surface of the nozzle, it is also not possible to produce rod material with a smooth outer surface; rather, the rod material produced has pronounced helical indentations on its outer surface or outer surface. In addition, because of the abrasive behavior of the processed hard metal or ceramic mass, the swirl webs wear out quickly, so that the tool life is short. The reprocessing of the nozzles z. B. by internal erosion is expensive and therefore expensive to manufacture the hard metal or ceramic rods. Finally, an extrusion tool has also already been proposed (see EP-A-0 465 946, which belongs to the prior art according to Article 54 (3)), which has a swirl device in the form of a swirl screw, with the aid of which the extrusion compound already during the extrusion process receives a swirl movement within the extrusion die and leaves the nozzle mouthpiece with a smooth cylindrical channel with swirl. The helical inner bores are formed by elastic threads attached to the swirl device or by thread-like material emerging from the swirl device and pressed into the mass flow.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, das Strangpreßwerkzeug nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 bzw. 2 weiter zu vereinfachen und die Qualität der hiermit hergestellten Stabrohlinge weiter zu verbessern.The object of the invention is to further simplify the extrusion tool according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2 and to further improve the quality of the rod blanks produced herewith.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 dadurch gelöst, daß der Träger drehbar um die Düsenlängsachse gelagert ist, die flexiblen Elemente von Fäden gebildet sind, und das Mundstück die Form eines zylindrischen Rings mit einem glatten, zylindrischen Düsenkanal hat, und daß ein außerhalb des durch den Träger und das Mundstück gebildeten Kanals angeordneter Antrieb zur Rotation des Trägers und/oder des Mundstücks vorgesehen ist. Mit der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Träger drehbar um die Düsenlängsachse gelagert ist und die Einrichtungen zur Einformung der entsprechenden Innenbohrungen Kanalöffnungen bzw. Austrittsöffnungen aufweisen, aus denen fadenförmiges, plastisches Material in den Strangpreßmassestrom einpreßbar ist, wobei das Mundstück die Form eines zylindrischen Rings mit einem glatten, zylindrischen Düsenkanal hat, und daß ein außerhalb des durch den Träger und das Mundstück gebildeten Kanals angeordneter Antrieb zur Rotation des Trägers und/oder des Mundstücks vorgesehen ist. Wie oben schon erwähnt, ist der Fadenträger und/oder das Düsenmundstück drehbar ausgebildet, d. h. Fadenträger und/oder Düsenmundstück rotieren um die Längsachse.This object is achieved in a device according to claim 1 in that the carrier is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the nozzle, the flexible elements are formed by threads, and the mouthpiece is in the form of a cylindrical ring with a smooth, cylindrical nozzle channel, and that an outside of the channel arranged by the carrier and the mouthpiece arranged drive for rotation of the carrier and / or the mouthpiece is provided. With the device according to claim 2, the object is achieved in that the carrier is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the nozzle and the devices for forming the corresponding inner bores have channel openings or outlet openings from which thread-like, plastic material can be pressed into the extrusion mass flow, the mouthpiece having the shape of a cylindrical ring with a smooth, cylindrical nozzle channel, and that a drive arranged outside the channel formed by the carrier and the mouthpiece is provided for rotating the carrier and / or the mouthpiece. As already mentioned above, the thread carrier and / or the nozzle mouthpiece is designed to be rotatable, ie the thread carrier and / or nozzle mouthpiece rotate about the longitudinal axis.

Es ist also keine besondere Dralleinrichtung erforderlich, die der gesamten durch die Düse gepreßten Masse einen Drall aufzwingt. Beim Strangpreßwerkzeug nach der Erfindung rotiert die Strangpreßmasse nicht, während der Fadenträger und/oder das innen glatte Düsenmundstück in Rotation gebracht wird bzw. werden. Der Steigungswinkel der erzeugten Drallkanäle wird also durch die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Fadenträgers bzw. des Düsenmundstücks und die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Preßmasse bestimmt. Bei rotierender glatter Düse, also einer Düse bzw. einem Düsenmundstück ohne Vorsprünge, Stege oder dergleichen, wird unter dem hohen Preßdruck der Presse und durch die Oberflächenreibung der Düse erreicht, daß die austretende Preßmasse nahezu schlupffrei mitrotiert.It is therefore not necessary to have a special swirl device which imposes a swirl on the entire mass pressed through the nozzle. In the extrusion tool according to the invention, the extrusion compound does not rotate while the thread carrier and / or the nozzle mouthpiece which is smooth on the inside is / are brought into rotation. The pitch angle of the swirl channels generated is thus determined by the rotational speed of the thread carrier or the nozzle mouthpiece and the flow speed of the molding compound. In the case of a rotating smooth nozzle, that is to say a nozzle or a nozzle mouthpiece without projections, webs or the like, under the high pressing pressure of the press and due to the surface friction of the nozzle, the emerging molding compound rotates with almost no slip.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung ist zum Drehen des Fadenträgers innerhalb der Preßdüse ein Antrieb angeordnet. Der Fadenträger ist nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung als sich zum Düsenmundstück hin verjüngende Nabe gestaltet, d. h. sie weist die Form einer Propellernabe ohne Flügel auf. Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Nabe als Hohlnabe ausgebildet und weist mehrere, auf verschiedenen Teilkreisen liegende Bohrungen auf, in die die Fäden eingehängt sind. Diese Fäden tragen nach einem weiteren Merkmal an ihren in das Düsenmundstück ragenden Enden metallische oder andere, ein Magnet- oder elektrisches Feld beeinflussende Teile. Hierdruch kann die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Fäden und damit indirekt bei bekannter Auspreßgeschwindigkeit der plastischen Masse die Drallsteigung gemessen werden. Durch die in vorbestimmten Abständen und in vorbestimmter Anzahl angeordneten Fäden des Fadenträgers werden im Massestrom stromabwärts rotationssymmetrisch angeordnete schraubenförmig verlaufende Kanäle erzeugt, die hohe Präzision aufweisen. Die Drallkanäle können auch durch aus dem Träger austretendes plastisches Material erzeugt werden.According to an advantageous development, a drive is arranged within the press nozzle for rotating the thread carrier. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thread carrier is designed as a hub which tapers towards the nozzle mouthpiece, ie it has the shape of a propeller hub without a wing. The hub is expediently designed as a hollow hub and has a plurality of bores lying on different pitch circles, into which the threads are suspended. According to a further feature, these threads carry metallic or other parts which influence a magnetic or electrical field at their ends projecting into the nozzle mouthpiece. In this way, the rotational speed of the threads and thus the twist pitch can be measured indirectly with known extrusion speed of the plastic mass. By means of the threads of the thread carrier arranged at predetermined intervals and in a predetermined number, rotationally symmetrically arranged, helically extending channels are produced in the mass flow which have high precision. The swirl channels can also be produced by plastic material emerging from the carrier.

Die Erfindung wird nun anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Längsschnitt durch das Strangpreßwerkzeug in schematischer abgebrochener Darstellung und
Fig. 2
die Vorderansicht des Fadenträgers mit Befestigungspunkten für die Fäden auf verschiedenen Teilkreisen.
The invention will now be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment in connection with the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a longitudinal section through the extrusion tool in a schematic broken view and
Fig. 2
the front view of the thread carrier with attachment points for the threads on different circles.

Das Strangpreßwerkzeug besteht im wesentlichen aus dem Gehäuse 1, das in die einstückig mit ihm ausgebildete, sich konisch verjüngende Düse 2 übergeht. Das Düsenmundstück 3 weist einen glatten zylindrischen Kanal 4 auf und ist entweder einstückig mit der Düse 2 oder aber als getrenntes Teil, wie dargestellt, ausgebildet. Innerhalb der Preßdüse 2 ist in koaxialer Anordnung ein Dorn 5 vorgesehen, an dem der Fadenträger 6 befestigt ist. Dieser Fadenträger 6 ist in der Art einer Propellernabe etwa paraboloidförmig gestaltet und hohl ausgebildet. Wie in Fig. 2 zu erkennen, sind am Fadenträger 6 mehrere Befestigungsbohrungen 7 angeordnet, die auf verschiedenen Teilkreisen liegen, d. h. von der Längsachse 8 verschieden großen radialen Abstand besitzen. In diesen Bohrungen 7 sind jeweils elastische Fäden 9 befestigt, und zwar in einer Anzahl, die der Anzahl der späteren gedrallten Innenbohrungen entspricht. Die Fäden 9 ragen in das Düsenmundstück 3 hinein. Das Düsenmundstück 3 kann feststehend ausgebildet sein. Es kann aber auch drehbar sein. Auch der Fadenträger 6 kann feststehend oder aber drehbar ausgebildet sein. Im Falle der drehbaren Ausbildung von Fadenträger 8 und Düsenmundstück 3 ist jeweils ein Antrieb vorgesehen, um den Fadenträger 8 bzw. das Düsenmundstück 3 in Rotation zu versetzen. In Fig. 1 ist innerhalb des Dorns 5 ein Antrieb 10 angeordnet, der über die Welle 11 mit dem Fadenträger 6 in Verbindung steht und diesen in Rotation versetzt, wie durch den Pfeil A angedeutet. Die Rotation des Düsenmundstücks 3 ist durch den Pfeil B symbolisiert. Die innerhalb des Ringsspalts 12 zwischen Dorn 5 und Gehäuse 1 bzw. Düse 2 befindliche Keramik- bzw. Hartmetallmasse wird durch eine nicht weiter gezeigte Preßvorrichtung (Extruder, Kolben usw.) am Fadenträger 6 vorbei in das Düsenmundstück 3 gepreßt und tritt als Stabrohling 13 aus, der anschließend durch Sintern weiterbehandelt wird.The extrusion tool essentially consists of the housing 1, which merges into the conically tapering nozzle 2 which is formed in one piece with it. The nozzle mouthpiece 3 has a smooth cylindrical channel 4 and is either formed in one piece with the nozzle 2 or as a separate part, as shown. Within the press nozzle 2, a mandrel 5 is provided in a coaxial arrangement, to which the thread carrier 6 is attached. This thread carrier 6 is approximately paraboloid-shaped in the manner of a propeller hub and hollow. As can be seen in FIG. 2, a plurality of fastening bores 7 are arranged on the thread carrier 6 and lie on different pitch circles, that is to say they have a different radial distance from the longitudinal axis 8. Elastic threads 9 are fastened in each of these bores 7, namely in a number which corresponds to the number of later twisted inner bores. The threads 9 protrude into the nozzle mouthpiece 3. The nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to be stationary. But it can also be rotatable. The thread carrier 6 can also be designed to be stationary or rotatable. In the case of the rotatable formation of the thread carrier 8 and the nozzle mouthpiece 3, a drive is provided in each case in order to set the thread carrier 8 or the nozzle mouthpiece 3 in rotation. In FIG. 1, a drive 10 is arranged inside the mandrel 5, which drives the thread carrier 6 via the shaft 11 communicates and rotates it, as indicated by arrow A. The rotation of the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is symbolized by the arrow B. The ceramic or hard metal mass located within the annular gap 12 between the mandrel 5 and the housing 1 or nozzle 2 is pressed by a pressing device (extruder, piston, etc.) not shown, past the thread carrier 6 into the nozzle mouthpiece 3 and emerges as a rod blank 13 which is then further treated by sintering.

Es bestehen nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, um in diesem Stabrohling 13 die gedrallten Innenbohrungen 14 zu erzeugen. Zum einen kann der Fadenträger 6 in Rotation versetzt werden. Hierbei wird der Träger 6 von innen her durch den Antrieb 10 mit einer bestimmten Winkelgeschwindigkeit angetrieben, um die gewünschte Drallform zu erzeugen. Die Strangpreßmasse wird ausgepreßt und rotiert nicht. Die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Fadenträgers 6 und die (axiale) Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Preßmasse bestimmen den Steigungswinkel der erzeugten Drallkanäle 13. Das Düsenmundstück 3 steht fest, d. h. rotiert nicht. In einem anderen Falle, bei dem das Düsenmundstück 3 drehbar ist und der Fadenträger 6 feststeht, d. h. keinen Antrieb aufweist, wird das glatte Düsenmundstück 3 in Rotation gemäß Pfeil B versetzt. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß durch den hohen Preßdruck der Presse und die Obeflächenreibung in der glatten rotierenden Düse 3, obwohl diese keinerlei Vorsprünge oder dergleichen aufweist, die austretende Preßmasse fast schlupffrei mitrotiert. Es werden deshalb auch auf diese Weise Rohlinge mit exakt gedrallten Innenbohrungen erzielt. Schließlich können sowohl der Fadenträger 6 als auch das Düsenmundstück 3 rotierend ausgebildet sein, so daß eine Überlagerung der Rotationsbewegung der Düse 3 und des Fadenträger 6 erhalten wird. Bei gleichgerichteter Rotation von Düse und Fadenträger findet also eine Verstärkung der Rotation, bei entgegengesetzter Rotation von Düse und Fadenträger eine Abschwächung der Rotation und damit des Dralls der Innenbohrungen statt. Der Fadenträger 6 kann beispielsweise mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit rotieren, während die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Düse 3 variabel ist und eventuell Drallfehler ausgleicht. Um die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit der Fäden 9 zu messen und damit bei bekannter Auspreßgeschwindigkeit der Masse die Drallsteigung festzustellen, tragen die Enden der Fäden 9 im Bereich innerhalb des Düsenmundstücks 3 metallische oder andere, ein Magnetfeld oder ein elektrisches Feld beeinflussende Teile. Mit einer außen angeordneten, nicht weiter gezeigten Meßeinrichtung kann sodann die Rotationsgeschwindigkeit bestimmt und je nach den Erfordernissen geändert werden. Insgesamt ergibt sich also ein einfach ausfgebautes Strangwerkzeug, mit dem an der Mantelfläche völlig glatte Stabrohlinge mit hochpräzis gedrallten Innenbohrungen erzeugt werden können.There are now various possibilities for producing the twisted inner bores 14 in this rod blank 13. On the one hand, the thread carrier 6 can be set in rotation. Here, the carrier 6 is driven from the inside by the drive 10 at a certain angular velocity in order to produce the desired swirl shape. The extrusion is pressed out and does not rotate. The speed of rotation of the thread carrier 6 and the (axial) flow speed of the molding compound determine the pitch angle of the swirl channels 13 generated. The nozzle mouthpiece 3 is fixed, ie does not rotate. In another case, in which the nozzle mouthpiece 3 is rotatable and the thread carrier 6 is fixed, ie has no drive, the smooth nozzle mouthpiece 3 is set in rotation according to arrow B. It has been shown that, due to the high pressing pressure of the press and the surface friction in the smooth rotating nozzle 3, although the latter has no projections or the like, the emerging molding compound rotates almost slip-free. Blanks with precisely twisted inner bores are therefore also obtained in this way. Finally, both the thread carrier 6 and the nozzle mouthpiece 3 can be designed to rotate, so that a superimposition of the rotational movement of the nozzle 3 and the thread carrier 6 is obtained. If the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in the same direction, the rotation is increased, and if the nozzle and thread carrier rotate in the opposite direction, the Rotation and thus the swirl of the inner holes instead. The thread carrier 6 can, for example, rotate at a constant speed, while the speed of rotation of the nozzle 3 is variable and possibly compensates for twist errors. In order to measure the rotational speed of the threads 9 and thus to determine the twist pitch when the mass is squeezed out, the ends of the threads 9 carry metallic or other parts influencing a magnetic field or an electric field in the area within the nozzle mouthpiece 3. The rotational speed can then be determined and changed according to the requirements with an externally arranged measuring device (not shown further). All in all, this results in a simply dismantled extrusion tool, with which completely smooth rod blanks with highly precise, twisted inner bores can be produced on the lateral surface.

Anstelle der elastischen Fäden 9 kann zur Erzeugung der Drallkanäle 14 auch plastisches Material in den Massestrom eingepreßt werden. Dabei tritt dieses plastische Material fadenförmig aus den Bohrungen 7 des Trägers 6 aus, wobei die Bohrungen 7 noch mit nicht weiter dargestellten Kanälen und einer entsprechend ausgebildeten Preßkammer oder dergleichen in Verbindung stehen. Das plastische fadenförmige Material enthält als Füllmasse ein metallisches Pulver, das das Magnet- oder elektrische Feld einer ebenfalls nicht weiter gezeigten Meßeinrichtung beeinflußt und zur Bestimmung der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit herangezogen wird. Auch mit dieser Variante des Strangpreßwerkzeugs lassen sich Stabrohlinge mit glatter Mantelfläche und exakten Drallbohrungen herstellen.Instead of the elastic threads 9, plastic material can also be pressed into the mass flow to produce the swirl channels 14. This plastic material emerges in a thread-like manner from the bores 7 of the carrier 6, the bores 7 still being connected to channels (not shown in further detail) and a correspondingly designed press chamber or the like. The plastic thread-like material contains a metallic powder as the filling compound, which influences the magnetic or electric field of a measuring device, also not shown, and is used to determine the speed of rotation. This variant of the extrusion tool can also be used to produce rod blanks with a smooth outer surface and exact swirl holes.

Claims (9)

  1. Extrusion press tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one spiral internal bore (14), which tool comprises an extrusion die (2) with an outer ring (3) and a carrier (6), which is disposed coaxially inside the extrusion die (2) and bears flexible elements corresponding in number to the internal bores (14) to be formed on corresponding partial circles, which threads project into the outer ring (3) during the extrusion operation, characterised in that the carrier (6) is mounted such that it can rotate about the longitudinal axis of the die, the flexible elements are formed by threads (9), and the outer ring (3) is in the form of a cylindrical ring with a smooth, cylindrical die channel, and that a drive which is disposed outside of the channel formed by the carrier (6) and the outer ring (3) is provided to rotate the carrier (6) and/or the outer ring (3).
  2. Extrusion press tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with at least one spiral internal bore (14), which tool comprises an extrusion die (2) with an outer ring (3) and a carrier (6), which is disposed coaxially inside the extrusion die (2) and is provided with devices corresponding in number to the internal bores (14) to be formed on corresponding partial circles for forming the corresponding internal bores (14) in the extruded extrusion material, characterised in that the carrier (6) is mounted such that it can rotate about the longitudinal axis of the die, and the devices for forming the corresponding internal bores (14) comprise on corresponding partial circles channel openings out of which threadlike, plastic material can be pressed into the extrusion material flow, the outer ring (3) being in the form of a cylindrical ring with a smooth, cylindrical die channel (4), and that a drive which is disposed outside of the channel formed by the carrier (6) and the outer ring (3) is provided to rotate the carrier (6) and/or the outer ring (3).
  3. Extrusion press tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a drive (10) is disposed inside the extrusion die (2) or inside a mandrel (5) holding the carrier.
  4. Extrusion press tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, with the carrier (6) being maintained stationary, the outer ring (3) is rotatable.
  5. Extrusion press tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that both the carrier (6) and the outer ring (3) are rotatable.
  6. Extrusion press tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the carrier (6) is formed as a hub which tapers towards the outer ring (3).
  7. Extrusion press tool according to one of claims 1 or 3 to 6, characterised in that the threads (9) bear metallic or other parts, which influence a magnetic or electric field, at their ends which project into the outer ring (3).
  8. Extrusion press tool according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterised in that the plastic material which is pressed into the extrusion material flow contains as filler a metallic powder for influencing the magnetic or electric field of a measuring device.
  9. Extrusion press tool according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the hub (6) which bears the threads (9) or presses out the threadlike material is formed as a hollow hub and comprises a plurality of bores (7) on different partial circles, in which bores the threads (9) are suspended or out of which the plastic material is pressed.
EP92913017A 1991-06-19 1992-06-17 Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores Expired - Lifetime EP0590008B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4120166 1991-06-19
DE4120166A DE4120166C2 (en) 1991-06-19 1991-06-19 Extrusion tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted inner holes
PCT/EP1992/001379 WO1992022390A1 (en) 1991-06-19 1992-06-17 Extrusion die tool for producing a hard metal or ceramic rod with twisted internal bores

Publications (2)

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EP0590008A1 EP0590008A1 (en) 1994-04-06
EP0590008B1 true EP0590008B1 (en) 1996-02-07

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EP (1) EP0590008B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3312355B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE133879T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4120166C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2082478T3 (en)
WO (1) WO1992022390A1 (en)

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DE59205315D1 (en) 1996-03-21
JPH06508301A (en) 1994-09-22
DE4120166A1 (en) 1993-01-07
WO1992022390A1 (en) 1992-12-23
EP0590008A1 (en) 1994-04-06
US5438858A (en) 1995-08-08
ES2082478T3 (en) 1996-03-16
DE4120166C2 (en) 1994-10-06
ATE133879T1 (en) 1996-02-15
JP3312355B2 (en) 2002-08-05

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