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EP0582628B1 - Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps - Google Patents

Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0582628B1
EP0582628B1 EP92909856A EP92909856A EP0582628B1 EP 0582628 B1 EP0582628 B1 EP 0582628B1 EP 92909856 A EP92909856 A EP 92909856A EP 92909856 A EP92909856 A EP 92909856A EP 0582628 B1 EP0582628 B1 EP 0582628B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
diaphragm according
leakage
diaphragm
ply
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EP92909856A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0582628A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Willi Meinz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REGIPUR POLYURETHAN-ANLAGENTECHNIK GMBH
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REGIPUR Polyurethan-Anlagentechnik GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/0009—Special features
    • F04B43/0081—Special features systems, control, safety measures
    • F04B43/009—Special features systems, control, safety measures leakage control; pump systems with two flexible members; between the actuating element and the pumped fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-layer diaphragm with leakage discharge for diaphragm pumps, in particular hydraulically actuated pumps, consisting of at least two individual diaphragms lying one on top of the other, fixed at a circumferential clamping point, between each of which there is a space according to the preamble of claim 1, known from DE-A - 2620228.
  • Multilayer membranes of this type have the advantage that a membrane break can be indicated before the working medium and the conveying medium come into contact with one another.
  • a known multi-layer membrane (US-PS 31 31 638) several, but at least three membranes are arranged one on top of the other, the central membrane being perforated and provided with radially outwardly conductive slots. One or more of the slots are connected to the environment. If one of the two outer membranes in contact with the conveying or hydraulic medium breaks, the medium passing through the breaking point is directed outwards along the radial slots of the middle membrane and can be fed there to a suitable monitoring and signaling device.
  • the superimposed membranes In order to act as a single membrane in their entirety, the superimposed membranes must be connected to one another by adhesive bonding. However, this adhesive connection is subject to considerable shear forces during operation, particularly at higher pressures, loads the diaphragms very unfavorably during the suction stroke and therefore impairs operational safety the pump noticeably. Increased rigidity must also be accepted.
  • a further known multi-layer membrane (DE-PS 18 00 018) at least three individual membranes lying against one another are also provided, but these are not bonded but are hydraulically coupled by a hydraulic medium that completely fills the slots in the central membrane.
  • a hydraulic coupling can only be properly implemented in the high-pressure range only in the case of flat plate-shaped membranes made of relatively hard materials, which, however, can only perform a very small stroke.
  • the slotted membrane system causes problems at the clamping point, because in the high pressure area a relatively high surface pressure is necessary at the clamping point to seal the membranes outwards. A high surface pressure, however, deforms the slots in the middle membrane in such a way that a possible leak can no longer be dissipated through the closed slots.
  • DE-PS 31 46 222 are porous, in the radial and axial direction permeable intermediate layers, e.g. in the form of fleece, between the individual membranes.
  • permeable intermediate layers e.g. in the form of fleece
  • such relatively soft, porous intermediate layers lose their porosity with increasing surface pressure, i.e. in the higher pressure range.
  • the intermediate layers serve the purpose of enabling the removal of the leakage from the intermediate space of the multi-layer membrane with the simplest of means in the case of a multi-layer membrane of the type mentioned at the outset, without sacrificing operational reliability.
  • the space between the multi-layer membrane should also be permeable to higher-viscosity media in both the low-pressure and high-pressure range, so that if a membrane breaks, or hydraulic medium can escape at the periphery of the membrane for the purpose of leakage monitoring or reporting.
  • At least one intermediate space is provided with at least one wrinkle-free and force-free layer of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments that is permeable to liquid even under pressure, and the intermediate space provided with this layer / these layers in the area of the clamping point communicating with a leakage drain accommodated in a surrounding housing.
  • the material used here e.g. made of metal or ceramic or plastic
  • Claim 1 solves the task of improving the life of the membrane and still enable its coating and chemically highly resistant plastics.
  • the multi-layer membrane can be designed such that the individual membranes are dome-shaped shaped membranes made of elastomers, which are mechanical. e.g. are connected to each other via two membrane plates clamped by means of a screw connection.
  • the pump stroke is carried out by stretching the diaphragm in one and in the opposite direction. Repeated stretching exposes both the membranes and the tissue reinforcement to constant internal tension so that they tend to be in the area of greatest tension, i.e. tear in the middle of the membrane.
  • the service life of such flat membranes is therefore short and they have to be changed accordingly often.
  • Another disadvantage of flat membranes is that, due to the high internal stresses, they are not compatible with highly chemically resistant plastics, e.g. PTFE, can be coated, as these cannot follow the strains and therefore detach from the elastomer.
  • the mechanical coupling of the individual membranes is a structurally particularly simple solution. In addition, it is also completely leak-tight if one membrane plate is vulcanized into the membrane system facing the pumping medium and the other membrane plate clamps the two membrane systems together using a screw connection.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed so that it is multiaxial or multidirectional scrims, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or fabrics. With such a material it is possible to work without wrinkles and forces even with a relatively large layer thickness.
  • the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that at least one layer is formed as a knitted fabric. This results in a particularly advantageous adaptation of the layer to the curvature of the individual membranes at low cost.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed so that at least one layer is formed as a knitted polyamide fabric.
  • the hardness of the polyamide can be chosen so that the layer is permeable to liquid even at high pressures remains.
  • the layer is a very inexpensive component.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that at least one layer is formed from a fiber reinforcement consisting of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments, which is arranged on one of the mutually facing surfaces of two superimposed individual membranes protrudes from this surface.
  • the fabric reinforcement is usually placed inside the membrane.
  • a plastic fabric e.g. Made of polyester or polyamide, with a rough texture, so that the fibers of the fabric are still partially outside the rubber-like membrane base material.
  • the protruding texture facilitates the drainage of accumulated leakage between the membrane systems in the event of a membrane breakage.
  • the texture of the protruding tissue can be sufficient for the leakage fluid to drain, particularly in the case of low-viscosity conveying and hydraulic fluids and when the pressures are not extremely high.
  • the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that at least one layer (9) is formed as a separate intermediate layer between two individual membranes lying one on top of the other.
  • the layer thickness and material can be well adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the combination of such a layer forming a separate intermediate layer with a layer formed by a reinforcing insert can be expedient.
  • the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that there is a liquid inert to the delivery and hydraulic medium in the gaps, which transmits a leakage mela hydraulically to the outside in the event of a membrane rupture.
  • a liquid inert to the delivery and hydraulic medium in the gaps which transmits a leakage mela hydraulically to the outside in the event of a membrane rupture.
  • Such an inert liquid which is in communication with the environment outside the pump housing, enables a quick response in the event of a diaphragm rupture, so that there is the possibility of a leakage message long before the multi-layer diaphragm becomes leaky as a whole.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed so that the individual membranes each have at their outer edges a round ring-like bead, which is tightly clamped in a correspondingly formed circumferential groove in the housing.
  • the clamping point of the multi-layer membrane serves on the one hand as centering and fixing the individual membranes; on the other hand, it must seal the fluid and the hydraulic medium space from the outside.
  • the simplest method of clamping a membrane in a sealing manner is based on the principle of a round sealing ring, which has a semicircular to triangular cross-section.
  • a round ring-like bead is attached to the outer circumference of the individual membranes and the clamping point in the housing is designed as a correspondingly shaped groove.
  • the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that the circumferential groove or the circumferential grooves with the environment outside the housing in connection stent or.
  • a possible leakage can be visually detected by optical monitoring on the outside of the pump housing.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed so that the circumferential groove or grooves is or are connected to a leakage detection device.
  • the leakage can be carried out automatically, e.g. by electronic evaluation of a liquid sensor.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the leakage detection device is a pressure sensor or Pressure switch is.
  • the leakage report can be made continuously using a pressure sensor or discontinuously using a pressure switch.
  • the pressure sensor has the advantage that a creeping diaphragm rupture is noticeable through a slowly increasing pressure build-up.
  • the pressure switch is probably the cheapest automatic signaling device, but can only be set to a fixed value, which then outputs the leakage message without warning.
  • the drawing shows a section of a longitudinally cut diaphragm pump with a multi-layer diaphragm consisting of two individual diaphragms 1, 2, which is clamped between the housing parts 3, 4.
  • the two individual membranes 1, 2 are mechanically tensioned via two membrane plates 5, 6 and a screw connection.
  • the individual membranes 1, 2 each have a round-ring-like bead 7, 8 with a triangular cross section on their outer edges.
  • a layer which is permeable to liquid even under pressure here connects the intermediate space 10 between the individual membranes 1, 2 with a groove 11 located in the housing 3, 4.
  • the layer 9 is designed as a knitted fabric and lies as a blank between the individual membranes 1, 2. It consists of textured polyamide filament yarn of type 6.6.
  • the groove 11 communicates with the surroundings outside the housing 3, 4 via a bore 12.
  • a bore 13 is provided for receiving a pressure sensor or pressure switch (not shown).
  • layer 9 is of a fabric reinforcement is formed, which is embedded in a single membrane 1, 2 and protrudes from the surface of the single membrane 1, 2 facing the adjacent single membrane 1, 2. This results in an above-mentioned liquid-permeable texturing.
  • Both mutually facing surfaces of two individual membranes 1, 2 delimiting an intermediate space 10 can be provided with such a texturing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)

Abstract

A multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps, in particular hydraulic pumps, has at least two superposed individual diaphragms (1, 2) fixed to a rotating clamping site. A space (10) is located between adjacent individual diaphragms (1, 2). At least one space (10) contains at least one fold-free and force-free layer (9) made of a nonwoven, knitted, or woven hard-filament fabric which follows the deformation of the individual diaphragms. When under pressure, this layer (9) is also permeable to liquid. The space (10) containing this (these) layer(s) is connected, in the region of the clamping site, to a leakage offtake (12, 13) surrounded by a housing. The layer (9) can, however, also consist of a fibre reinforcement consisting of a nonwoven, knitted, or woven hard-filament fabric which projects from the diaphragm surface facing the adjacent individual diaphragm. A combination of these types of layers is also possible.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mehrlagen-Membran mit Leckage-Ableitung für Membranpumpen, insbesondere hydraulisch beaufschlagte Pumpen, bestehend aus mindestens zwei aufeinanderliegenden, an einer umlaufenaen Einspannstelle festgelegten Einzelmembranen, zwischen denen sich jeweils ein Zwischenraum befindet nach Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1, bekannt aus DE-A- 2620228.The invention relates to a multi-layer diaphragm with leakage discharge for diaphragm pumps, in particular hydraulically actuated pumps, consisting of at least two individual diaphragms lying one on top of the other, fixed at a circumferential clamping point, between each of which there is a space according to the preamble of claim 1, known from DE-A - 2620228.

Mehrlagen-Membranen dieser Art haben den vorteil, daß ein Membranbruch angezeigt werden kann, bevor Arbeits- und Fördermedium miteinander in Beruhrung kommen. Insbesondere beim Einsatz von hydraulisch beaufschlagten Pumpen ist es für den Anwender von größter Bedeutung, einen Membranbruch rechtzeitig signalisiert zu bekommen, damit es nicht zum Ausfall der gesamten Pumpeneinheit kommen kann, wobei die durch Membranbruch verursachte Vermischung des Fördermediums mit der Hydraulikflüssigkeit den am meisten gefürchtete Störfall überhaupt darstellt.Multilayer membranes of this type have the advantage that a membrane break can be indicated before the working medium and the conveying medium come into contact with one another. In particular when using hydraulically operated pumps, it is of the utmost importance for the user to have a diaphragm rupture signaled in good time so that the entire pump unit cannot fail, whereby the mixing of the delivery medium with the hydraulic fluid caused by the diaphragm rupture is the most feared accident represents at all.

Bei einer bekannten Mehr lagen-Membran (US-PS 31 31 638) sind mehrere, mindestens jedoch drei Membranen, aufeinanderliegend angeordnet, wobei die mittlere Membran perforiert und mit radial nach außen leitenden Schlitzen versehen ist. Einer oder mehrere der Schlitze stehen dabei mit der Umgebung in Verbindung. Bei einem Bruch einer der beiden außenliegenden, mit dem Förder- bzw. Hydraulikmedium in Berührung stehenden Membranen wird das durch die Bruchstelle hindurchtretende Medium längs den radialen Schlitzen der mittleren Membran nach außen geleitet und kann dort einer geeigneten überwachungs- und Meldeeinrichtung zugeführt werden. Die übereinanderliegenden Membranen müssen, um in ihrer Gesamtheit als eine einzige Membran zu wirken, durch Kleben miteinander verbunden sein. Diese Klebeverbindung unterliegt aber im Betrieb, insbesonder bei höheren Drücken, beträchtlichen Scherkräften, belastet beim Saughub die Membranen sehr ungünstig und beeinträchtigt deshalb die Betriebssicherheit der Pumpe merklich. Auch muß eine vergrößerte Steifigkeit in Kauf genommen werden.In a known multi-layer membrane (US-PS 31 31 638) several, but at least three membranes are arranged one on top of the other, the central membrane being perforated and provided with radially outwardly conductive slots. One or more of the slots are connected to the environment. If one of the two outer membranes in contact with the conveying or hydraulic medium breaks, the medium passing through the breaking point is directed outwards along the radial slots of the middle membrane and can be fed there to a suitable monitoring and signaling device. In order to act as a single membrane in their entirety, the superimposed membranes must be connected to one another by adhesive bonding. However, this adhesive connection is subject to considerable shear forces during operation, particularly at higher pressures, loads the diaphragms very unfavorably during the suction stroke and therefore impairs operational safety the pump noticeably. Increased rigidity must also be accepted.

Bei einer weiteren bekannten Mehrlagen-Membran (DE-PS 18 00 018) sind ebenfalls mindestens drei aneinanderliegende Einzelmembranen vorgesehen, die jedoch nicht verklebt, sondern durch ein die Schlitze der mittleren Membran vollständig ausfüllendes Hydraulikmedium hydraulisch gekoppelt sind. Eine solche hydraulische Kopplung läßt sich im Hochdruckbereich einwandfrei nur bei ebenen plattenförmigen Membranen aus relativ harten Werkstoffen realisieren, die jedoch nur einen sehr kleinen Hub ausführen können. Bei Membranen aus Elastomeren bringt die geschlitzte Membranlage an der Einspannstelle Probleme, well im Hochdruckbereich eine relativ hohe Flächenpressung an der Einspannstelle notwendig ist, um die Membranen nach außen abzudichten. Eine hohe Flächenpressung jecoch verformt die Schlitze in der mittleren Membran derart, daß eine mögliche Leckaqe nicht mehr durch die verschlossenen Schlitze abgeführt werden kann.In a further known multi-layer membrane (DE-PS 18 00 018) at least three individual membranes lying against one another are also provided, but these are not bonded but are hydraulically coupled by a hydraulic medium that completely fills the slots in the central membrane. Such a hydraulic coupling can only be properly implemented in the high-pressure range only in the case of flat plate-shaped membranes made of relatively hard materials, which, however, can only perform a very small stroke. In the case of membranes made of elastomers, the slotted membrane system causes problems at the clamping point, because in the high pressure area a relatively high surface pressure is necessary at the clamping point to seal the membranes outwards. A high surface pressure, however, deforms the slots in the middle membrane in such a way that a possible leak can no longer be dissipated through the closed slots.

Bei einer weiteren bekannten Mehrlagen-Membran (DE-PS 31 46 222) sind poröse, in radialer und axialer Richtung durchlässige Zwischenlagen, z.B. in Form von Vlies, zwischen den Einzelmembranen vorgeschlagen worden. Solche relativ weichen, porösen Zwischenlagen verlieren jedoch ihre Porosität mit zunehmender Flächenpressung, d.h. im höheren Druckbereich.In another known multi-layer membrane (DE-PS 31 46 222) are porous, in the radial and axial direction permeable intermediate layers, e.g. in the form of fleece, between the individual membranes. However, such relatively soft, porous intermediate layers lose their porosity with increasing surface pressure, i.e. in the higher pressure range.

Die Zwischenlagen dienen dem Zweck, bei, einer Mehrlagen-Membran der eingangs genannten Art die Abführung der Leckage aus dem Zwischenraum der Mehrlagen-Membran mit einfachsten Mitteln zu ermöglichen, ohne daß Abstriche von der Betriebssicherheit gemacht werden müssen. Dabei soll der Zwischenraum der Mehr lagen-Membran auch für höherviskose Medien sowohl im Niederdruck- als auch im Hochdruckbereich so durchlässig sein, daß bei einem Membranbruch zwischen die Membran lagen eingedrungenes Förder- bzw. Hydraulikmedium am Umfang der Membran zum Zwecke der Leckage-überwachung bzw. -Meldung austreten kann.The intermediate layers serve the purpose of enabling the removal of the leakage from the intermediate space of the multi-layer membrane with the simplest of means in the case of a multi-layer membrane of the type mentioned at the outset, without sacrificing operational reliability. The space between the multi-layer membrane should also be permeable to higher-viscosity media in both the low-pressure and high-pressure range, so that if a membrane breaks, or hydraulic medium can escape at the periphery of the membrane for the purpose of leakage monitoring or reporting.

Hierzu wird mindestens ein Zwischenraum mit mindestens einer falten- und kräftefrei der Verformung der Einzelmemoranen folgenden, auch unter Druck flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Schicht aus einem Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe aus harten Filamenten versehen und der mit dieser Schicht / diesen Schichten versehene Zwischenraum im Bereich der Einspannstelle mit einer in einem umgebenden Gehäuse untergebrachten Leckage-Ableitung kommunizier end verbunden.For this purpose, at least one intermediate space is provided with at least one wrinkle-free and force-free layer of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments that is permeable to liquid even under pressure, and the intermediate space provided with this layer / these layers in the area of the clamping point communicating with a leakage drain accommodated in a surrounding housing.

Das hier für eingesetzte Material (z.B. aus Metall oder Keramik oder Kunststoff) kann mit fast beliebig großen Flächenpressungen beansprucht werden, ohne seine Porosität zu verlieren, so daß auch bei hohen Drücken und hochviskosen Medien eine sichere und schnelle Leckage-Meldung vom Zwischenraum bzw. den Zwischenräumen durch den Klemmbereich der Einzelmembranen nach außen ermöglicht wird.The material used here (e.g. made of metal or ceramic or plastic) can be subjected to surface pressures of almost any size without losing its porosity, so that even at high pressures and highly viscous media, a safe and fast leakage message from the gap or the Gaps through the clamping area of the individual membranes to the outside is made possible.

Anspruch 1 löst die Aufgabe, die Lebensdauer der Membran zu verbessern und trotzdem desen Beschichtung und chemisch hochbeständigen Kunststoffen zu ermöglichen.Claim 1 solves the task of improving the life of the membrane and still enable its coating and chemically highly resistant plastics.

Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die Einzelmembranen kalottenförmige Formmembranen aus Elastomeren sind, die mechanisch. z.B. über zwei mittels Schraubenverbindung verspannte Membranteller, miteinander verbunden sind. Bei Flachmembranen wird der Pumpenhub durch Dehnen der Membran in die eine und in die entgegengesetzte Richtung ausgeführt. Das wiederholte Dehnen setzt sowohl die Membranen als auch die Gewebeverstärkung einer ständigen inneren Spannung aus, so daß sie dazu neigen, im Bereich der größten Spannung, d.h. in der Mitte der Membran, zu reißen. Die Lebensdauer solcher Flachmembranen ist daher kurz, und sie müssen entsprechend oft gewechselt werden. Ein weiterer Nachteil der Flachmembranen besteht darin, daß sie aufgrund der hohen inneren Spannungen nicht mit chemisch hochbeständigen Kunststoffen, wie z.B. PTFE, beschichtet werden können, da diese den Dehnungen nicht folgen können und sich deshalb vom Elastomer lösen.According to the invention, the multi-layer membrane can be designed such that the individual membranes are dome-shaped shaped membranes made of elastomers, which are mechanical. e.g. are connected to each other via two membrane plates clamped by means of a screw connection. For flat diaphragms, the pump stroke is carried out by stretching the diaphragm in one and in the opposite direction. Repeated stretching exposes both the membranes and the tissue reinforcement to constant internal tension so that they tend to be in the area of greatest tension, i.e. tear in the middle of the membrane. The service life of such flat membranes is therefore short and they have to be changed accordingly often. Another disadvantage of flat membranes is that, due to the high internal stresses, they are not compatible with highly chemically resistant plastics, e.g. PTFE, can be coated, as these cannot follow the strains and therefore detach from the elastomer.

Werden die Membranen bereits gewölbt hergestellt und in diesem Zustand eingespannt, so erfolgt die Hubbewegung der Membran durch Beulung bzw. Abrollbewegung mit minimaler innerer Spannung, weil die Membran während des Hubes nicht oder nur wenig gedehnt werden muß. Hierdurch wird sowohl eine wesentlich höhere Lebensdauer erzielt als auch eine PTFE-Beschichtung ermöglicht.If the membranes are already arched and clamped in this state, the lifting movement of the membrane takes place by buckling or rolling movement with minimal internal tension, because the membrane does not have to be stretched or only slightly during the stroke. As a result, a much longer service life is achieved and a PTFE coating is made possible.

Die mechanische Kopplung der Einzelmembranen ist eine konstruktiv besonders einfache Lösung. Außerdem ist sie auch völlig leckagedicht, wenn der eine Membranteller in der dem Fördermedium zugewandten Membranlage einvulkanisiert ist und der andere Membranteller über eine Scnraubenverbindung die beiden Membranlagen miteinander verspannt.The mechanical coupling of the individual membranes is a structurally particularly simple solution. In addition, it is also completely leak-tight if one membrane plate is vulcanized into the membrane system facing the pumping medium and the other membrane plate clamps the two membrane systems together using a screw connection.

Nach Anspruch 4 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß es sich um multiaxiale oder multidirektionale Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe handelt. Mit einem solchen Material kann auch bei relativ großer Schichtdicke falten- und kräftefrei gearbeitet werden.According to claim 4, the multilayer membrane can be designed so that it is multiaxial or multidirectional scrims, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or fabrics. With such a material it is possible to work without wrinkles and forces even with a relatively large layer thickness.

Nach Anspruch 5 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht als Maschenware ausgebildet ist. Dadurch ergibt sich kostengünstig eine besonders vorteilhafte Anpassung der Schicht an die jeweilige Wölbung der Einzelmembranen.According to claim 5, the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that at least one layer is formed as a knitted fabric. This results in a particularly advantageous adaptation of the layer to the curvature of the individual membranes at low cost.

Nach Anspruch 6 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht als Polyamid-Maschenware ausgebildet ist. Die Härte des Polyamids kann dabei so gewählt werden, daß die Schicht auch bei hohen Drücken flüssigkeitsdurchlässig bleibt. Auch hier ist die Schicht ein sehr preisgünstiges Bauelement.According to claim 6, the multilayer membrane can be designed so that at least one layer is formed as a knitted polyamide fabric. The hardness of the polyamide can be chosen so that the layer is permeable to liquid even at high pressures remains. Here, too, the layer is a very inexpensive component.

Nach Anspruch 7 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht von einer aus einem Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe aus harten Filamenten bestehenden Faserverstärkung gebildet ist, die auf einer der einander zugewandten Oberflächen von zwei aufeinanderliegenden Einzelmembranen angeordnet ist und aus dieser Oberfläche vorsteht.According to claim 7, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that at least one layer is formed from a fiber reinforcement consisting of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments, which is arranged on one of the mutually facing surfaces of two superimposed individual membranes protrudes from this surface.

Üblicherweise wird bei gewebeverstärkten Elastomer membranen die Gewebeverstärkung ins Innere der Membran gelegt. Um jedoch eine möglichst zerklüftete Oberfläche an den aneinanderliegenden Flächen zu erhalten, wird bei diesem Vorschlag nach der Erfindung ein kunststoffgewebe, z.B. aus Polyester oder Polyamid, mit einer möglichst groben Textur verwendet, so daß sich die Fasern des Gewebes noch teilweise außerhalb des gummiähnlichen Membran-Grundwerkstoffs befinden. Die hervorstehende Textur erleichtert das Abfließen von angesammelter Leckage zwischen den Membranlagen im Falle eines Membranbruchs. Insbesondere bei niederviskosen Förder- und Hydraulikflüssigkeiten und bei nicht extrem hohen Drücken kann die Textur des hervorstehenden Gewebes für ein Abfließen der Leckage-Flüssigkeit ausreichen. Es ist aber auch möglich, die hervorstehende Textur gemeinsam mit einer Schicht aus einem Gelege, Gestricke oder Gewebe zu verwenden, wobei ein besonders gutes Gleiten möglich wird.In the case of fabric-reinforced elastomer membranes, the fabric reinforcement is usually placed inside the membrane. However, in order to obtain as jagged a surface as possible on the adjoining surfaces, a plastic fabric, e.g. Made of polyester or polyamide, with a rough texture, so that the fibers of the fabric are still partially outside the rubber-like membrane base material. The protruding texture facilitates the drainage of accumulated leakage between the membrane systems in the event of a membrane breakage. The texture of the protruding tissue can be sufficient for the leakage fluid to drain, particularly in the case of low-viscosity conveying and hydraulic fluids and when the pressures are not extremely high. However, it is also possible to use the protruding texture together with a layer of a scrim, knitted fabric or fabric, whereby particularly good sliding is possible.

Nach Anspruch 8 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht (9) als separate Zwischenlage zwischen zwei aufeinanderliegenden Einzelmembranen ausgebildet ist. Hier können Schichtdicke und Material den jeweiligen Erfordernissen gut angepaßt sein. Die Kombination einer solchen eine separate Zwischenlage bildenden Schicht mit einer von einer Verstärkungseinlage gebildeten Schicht kann zweckmäßig sein.According to claim 8, the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that at least one layer (9) is formed as a separate intermediate layer between two individual membranes lying one on top of the other. Here the layer thickness and material can be well adapted to the respective requirements. The combination of such a layer forming a separate intermediate layer with a layer formed by a reinforcing insert can be expedient.

Nach Anspruch 9 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß sich in den Zwischenräumen eine zum Förder- und Hydraulikmedium inerte Flüssigkeit befindet, die im Fall eines Membranbruchs eine Leckage-Melaung hydraulisch nacn außen überträgt. Eine solche inerte Flüssigkeit, die mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Pumpengehäuses in Verbindung steht, ermöglicht ein schnelles Ansprechen im Falle eines Membranbruchs, so daß die Möglichkeit einer Leckage-Meldung besteht, lange bevor die Mehrlagen-Membran insgesamt undicht wird.According to claim 9, the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that there is a liquid inert to the delivery and hydraulic medium in the gaps, which transmits a leakage mela hydraulically to the outside in the event of a membrane rupture. Such an inert liquid, which is in communication with the environment outside the pump housing, enables a quick response in the event of a diaphragm rupture, so that there is the possibility of a leakage message long before the multi-layer diaphragm becomes leaky as a whole.

Nach Anspruch 10 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die Einzelmembranen an ihren Außenrändern jeweils einen rundringähnlichen Wulst aufweisen, der in jeweils einer entsprechend ausgebildeten umlaufenden Nut im Gehäuse dichtend verspannt ist. Die Einspannstelle der Mehrlagen-Membran dient zum einen als Zentrierung und Fixierung der Einzelmembranen; zum anderen muß sie den Fördermedium- und den Hydraulikmediumraum nach außen abdichten. Die einfachste Methode, eine Membran dichtend einzuspannen, beruht auf dem Prinzip eines Runddichtringes, der einen halbkreisförmigen bis dreieckähnlichen Querschnitt aufweist. Dazu wird am äußeren Umfang der Einzelmembranen ein rundringähnlicher Wulst angebracht und die Einspannstelle im Gehäuse als entsprechend geformte Nut ausgebildet.According to claim 10, the multilayer membrane can be designed so that the individual membranes each have at their outer edges a round ring-like bead, which is tightly clamped in a correspondingly formed circumferential groove in the housing. The clamping point of the multi-layer membrane serves on the one hand as centering and fixing the individual membranes; on the other hand, it must seal the fluid and the hydraulic medium space from the outside. The simplest method of clamping a membrane in a sealing manner is based on the principle of a round sealing ring, which has a semicircular to triangular cross-section. For this purpose, a round ring-like bead is attached to the outer circumference of the individual membranes and the clamping point in the housing is designed as a correspondingly shaped groove.

Nach Anspruch 11 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die umlaufende Nut bzw. die umlaufenden Nuten mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Gehäuses in Verbindung stent bzw. stehen. Um eine Leckage-Uberwachung zu ermöglichen, kann im einfachsten Fall eine mögliche Leckage visuell durch optische überwachung außen am Pumpengehäuse erfaßt werden.According to claim 11, the multi-layer membrane can be designed so that the circumferential groove or the circumferential grooves with the environment outside the housing in connection stent or. In order to enable leakage monitoring, in the simplest case a possible leakage can be visually detected by optical monitoring on the outside of the pump housing.

Nach Anspruch 12 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die umlaufende Nut bzw. Nuten mit einer Leckage-Meldeeinrichtung verbunden ist bzw. sind. Nach diesem Vorschlag kann die Leckage automatisch, z.B. durch elektronische Auswertung eines Flüssigkeitssensors, erfaßt werden.According to claim 12, the multilayer membrane can be designed so that the circumferential groove or grooves is or are connected to a leakage detection device. According to this proposal, the leakage can be carried out automatically, e.g. by electronic evaluation of a liquid sensor.

Nach Ansprcuh 13 kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die Leckage-Meldeeinrichtung ein Drucksensor oder Druckschalter ist. Grundsätzlich kann die Leckage-Meldung kontinuierlich mittels Drucksensor oder diskontinuierlich mittels Druckschalter erfolgen. Der Drucksensor hat den Vorteil, daß sich ein einschleichender Membranbruch durch einen langsam steigenden Druckaufbau bemerkbar macht. Der Druckschalter stellt die wohl preiswerteste selbsttätige Meldeeinrichtung dar, kann jedoch nur auf einen festen Wert eingestellt werden, der dann die Leckage-Meldung ohne Vorwarnung ausgibt.According to claim 13, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the leakage detection device is a pressure sensor or Pressure switch is. In principle, the leakage report can be made continuously using a pressure sensor or discontinuously using a pressure switch. The pressure sensor has the advantage that a creeping diaphragm rupture is noticeable through a slowly increasing pressure build-up. The pressure switch is probably the cheapest automatic signaling device, but can only be set to a fixed value, which then outputs the leakage message without warning.

Im folgenden Teil der Beschreibung werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Mehrlagen-Membran anhand einer Zeichnung dargestellt.In the following part of the description, two exemplary embodiments of the multilayer membrane according to the invention are illustrated with the aid of a drawing.

Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer längsgeschnittenen Membranpumpe mit einer aus zwei Einzelmembranen 1,2 bestehenden Mehrlagen-Membran, die zwischen den Gehäuseteilen 3,4 eingespannt ist. Die beiden Einzelmembranen 1,2 sind mechanisch über zwei Membranteller 5,6 und eine Schraubenverbindung verspannt. Die Einzelmembranen 1,2 weisen an ihren Außenrändern jeweils einen rundringähnlichen Wulst 7,8 mit dreieckigem Querschnitt auf. Eine auch unter Druck flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Schicht verbindet hier den Zwischenraum 10 zwischen den Einzelmembranen 1,2 mit einer im Gehäuse 3,4 befindlichen Nut 11. Die Schicht 9 ist nach einer ersten Ausführungsform als Maschenware ausgeführt und liegt als Zuschnitt zwischen den Einzelmembranen 1,2. Sie besteht aus texturiertem Polyamid-Filamentgarn der Type 6.6. Über eine Bohrung 12 steht die Nut 11 mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Gehäuses 3,4 in Verbindung. Eine Bohrung 13 ist für die Aufnahme eines Drucksensors oder Druckschalters (ohne Abb.) vorgesehen.The drawing shows a section of a longitudinally cut diaphragm pump with a multi-layer diaphragm consisting of two individual diaphragms 1, 2, which is clamped between the housing parts 3, 4. The two individual membranes 1, 2 are mechanically tensioned via two membrane plates 5, 6 and a screw connection. The individual membranes 1, 2 each have a round-ring-like bead 7, 8 with a triangular cross section on their outer edges. A layer which is permeable to liquid even under pressure here connects the intermediate space 10 between the individual membranes 1, 2 with a groove 11 located in the housing 3, 4. According to a first embodiment, the layer 9 is designed as a knitted fabric and lies as a blank between the individual membranes 1, 2. It consists of textured polyamide filament yarn of type 6.6. The groove 11 communicates with the surroundings outside the housing 3, 4 via a bore 12. A bore 13 is provided for receiving a pressure sensor or pressure switch (not shown).

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Schicht 9 von einer Gewebeverstärkung gebildet, die in eine Einzelmembran 1,2 eingebettet ist und dabei aus derjenigen Oberfläche der Einzelmembran 1,2 heraus vorsteht, die der benachbarten Einzelmembran 1,2 zugewandt ist. Es ergibt sich somit eine vorstehende flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Texturierung.According to a further embodiment, layer 9 is of a fabric reinforcement is formed, which is embedded in a single membrane 1, 2 and protrudes from the surface of the single membrane 1, 2 facing the adjacent single membrane 1, 2. This results in an above-mentioned liquid-permeable texturing.

Es können beide einander zugewandten Oberflächen von zwei einen Zwischenraum 10 begrenzenden Einzelmembranen 1,2 mit einer derartigen Texturierung versehen sein.Both mutually facing surfaces of two individual membranes 1, 2 delimiting an intermediate space 10 can be provided with such a texturing.

Die vorstehend beschriebenen Schichtausbildungen zwischen benachbarten Einzelmembranen können je nach den vorliegenden Bedingungen insbesondere hinsichlich Druck und Viskosität miteinander kombiniert eingesetzt werden.The above-described layer formations between adjacent individual membranes can be used in combination with one another, in particular with regard to pressure and viscosity, depending on the prevailing conditions.

Claims (13)

  1. Multi-layer diaphgram with leakage take-off for diaphram pumps, particularly hydraulically powered pumps, comprising at least two single diaphragms overlying one another and fixed to a rotatable point of support, with an intermediate space located between each of the respective diaphragms, in which at least one intermediate space is provided with at least one ply (9) of a layering, fabric, stringing or web of hard filaments permeable to liquid under pressure, and in which the intermediate space (10) provided with this ply / these plies (9) communicates in the region of the point of support with a leakage take-off (11,12,13) accommodated in a surrounding housing (3,4),
    characterised in that
    the single diaphragms are dish-shaped diaphragms which are connected together mechanically in the central region.
  2. Multi-layer diaphragm according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the mechanical connection is effected by two diaphragm discs (5,6) which are clamped together by means of a screw connection.
  3. Multi-layer diaphragm according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    one of the diaphragm discs is vulcanised into the diaphragm layer which is next to the pumped medium, and the other diaphragm disc by means of a screw connection clamps the two single diaphragms (1,2) together.
  4. Multi-layer diaphragm according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one ply (9) is formed from a multi-axial or multi-directional layering, fabric, stringing or web.
  5. Multi-layer diaphragm according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one ply is a mesh article.
  6. Multi-layer diaphragm according to claim 5, characterised in that at least one ply is a polyamide mesh article.
  7. Multi-layer diaphragm according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one ply is formed by a fibrous reinforcement consisting of a layering, fabric, stringing or web of hard filaments, which is positioned on one of the two facing surfaces of two overlying single diaphragms and projects from this surface.
  8. Multi-layer diaphragm according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one ply (9) is formed as a separate intermediate layer between two overlying single diaphragms.
  9. Multi-layer diaphragm according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a liquid which is inert in relation to the pumped and hydraulic medium is located in the intermediate spaces (10) and in the case of diaphragm rupture transmits a leakage announcement hydraulically outwards.
  10. Multi-layer diaphragm according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the single diaphragms (1,2) each have an annular bead (7,8) at their outer edge, which are clamped sealingly into the housing (3,4) in a correspondingly shaped, circumferential groove (11).
  11. Multi-layer diaphragm according to claim 10, characterised in that the circumferential groove (11) or the circumferential grooves is/are in communication with the environs outside the housing (3,4).
  12. Multi-layer diaphragm according to claim 11, characterised in that the circumferential groove (11) or grooves is/are connected to a leakage announcement device.
  13. Multi-layer diaphragm according to claim 12, characterised in that the leakage announcement device is a pressure sensor or pressure switch.
EP92909856A 1991-05-03 1992-05-04 Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps Expired - Lifetime EP0582628B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4114439 1991-05-03
DE4114439 1991-05-03
PCT/DE1992/000351 WO1992019866A1 (en) 1991-05-03 1992-05-04 Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0582628A1 EP0582628A1 (en) 1994-02-16
EP0582628B1 true EP0582628B1 (en) 1997-01-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92909856A Expired - Lifetime EP0582628B1 (en) 1991-05-03 1992-05-04 Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps

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EP (1) EP0582628B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3133067B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE148202T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59207956D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992019866A1 (en)

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JP4578981B2 (en) * 2005-01-06 2010-11-10 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Cartridge tank and coating machine
WO2012147477A1 (en) 2011-04-27 2012-11-01 シーケーディ株式会社 Multilayer diaphragm
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CN103362793A (en) * 2013-07-26 2013-10-23 胜瑞兰工业设备（苏州）有限公司 Woven wire mesh membrane leakage guide device
WO2015054598A1 (en) * 2013-10-11 2015-04-16 Checkpoint Fluidic Systems International, Ltd. Scalable pumping mechanism utilizing anti-synchronized poly-diaphragm stack
DE102016201182A1 (en) 2016-01-27 2017-07-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Diaphragm pump with dust suction from below
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Publication number Publication date
ATE148202T1 (en) 1997-02-15
EP0582628A1 (en) 1994-02-16
WO1992019866A1 (en) 1992-11-12
DE59207956D1 (en) 1997-03-06
JPH06506998A (en) 1994-08-04
JP3133067B2 (en) 2001-02-05

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