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EP0581962A1 - Procede et appareil d'application - Google Patents

Procede et appareil d'application Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0581962A1
EP0581962A1 EP93902521A EP93902521A EP0581962A1 EP 0581962 A1 EP0581962 A1 EP 0581962A1 EP 93902521 A EP93902521 A EP 93902521A EP 93902521 A EP93902521 A EP 93902521A EP 0581962 A1 EP0581962 A1 EP 0581962A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
plating
coat
lip
fluorine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93902521A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0581962A4 (fr
EP0581962B1 (fr
Inventor
Makoto Yoshida
Kasuhiko Sakata
Kazuyuki Shimizu
Takeshi Tanaka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Konica Minolta Inc
Original Assignee
Konica Minolta Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP22156492A external-priority patent/JPH05261330A/ja
Application filed by Konica Minolta Inc filed Critical Konica Minolta Inc
Publication of EP0581962A1 publication Critical patent/EP0581962A1/fr
Publication of EP0581962A4 publication Critical patent/EP0581962A4/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0581962B1 publication Critical patent/EP0581962B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/005—Curtain coaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/007—Slide-hopper coaters, i.e. apparatus in which the liquid or other fluent material flows freely on an inclined surface before contacting the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/007—Slide-hopper coaters, i.e. apparatus in which the liquid or other fluent material flows freely on an inclined surface before contacting the work
    • B05C5/008—Slide-hopper curtain coaters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0254—Coating heads with slot-shaped outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C9/00—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important
    • B05C9/06—Apparatus or plant for applying liquid or other fluent material to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid or other fluent material is not important for applying two different liquids or other fluent materials, or the same liquid or other fluent material twice, to the same side of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
    • B05D1/265—Extrusion coatings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coating apparatus of a hopper type, and more specifically, to a coating apparatus capable of offering excellent uniform coatability even for a coating solution having low surface tension and low viscosity.
  • Coating apparatus of a slide hopper type and those of an extrusion hopper type are capable of performing high-speed coating, thin-layer coating and simultaneous multilayer coating, and some of them are used widely for photographic light-sensitive materials and others are used for magnetic recording materials widely, depending on their features.
  • a staying coating solution which is called a bead of a coating solution is formed between a coater tip (also called an edge or a lip) and a running flexible support (also called a web), and coating is performed through the bead.
  • stability of coating is extremely influenced by stability of the bead.
  • the stability of the bead is influenced by factors including the distance setting up between a lip and a web, environmental conditions and physical properties of a coating solution, namely viscosity and surface tension.
  • the relation of physical properties between layers greatly affects the bead stability, and when the coating speed is high, or when a coated layer is thin, it is difficult to secure the bead stability.
  • coating defects are caused such as pencil lines, streak defects and coating solution shortage.
  • a coating solution having extremely low viscosity for example, a coating solution having a viscosity of 10 cps or less, containing an organic solvent and having low surface tension
  • the coating solution oozes out of a lip portion other than the bead, and drips on a coated layer or on a support despite the above-mentioned measure, causing comet defects and dropping defects, or causing more streak defects even when the coating speed is not so high and a coated layer is not so thin.
  • a lip portion on the tip of a coating apparatus is provided with water-repellent resins.
  • fluorine-containing resins are provided on the lip portion and the surface thereof is ground, for example, it is difficult to obtain satisfactory accuracy and strength on the lip portion due to the strength of the resins because the lip portion is required to have an extremely high accuracy. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain accuracy for a uniform coating layer thickness and scratches are easily caused, thus, it is difficult to maintain stable coating conditions.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a coating apparatus of a hopper type equipped with a dimensionally accurate lip which causes no coating defects including streak defects and is hardly scratched even in the case of coating with a coating solution having low surface tension and viscosity.
  • the object of the invention mentioned above can be achieved by both of a coating apparatus of a hopper type for coating one or more kinds of coating solutions on a running flexible support provided with a slit wherein a lip portion at the tip of a hopper and/or an inclined surface following the lip portion are subjected to composite plating to be covered by a coat of plating in which fluorine-containing resins are dispersed in a form of eutectoid, and of a method of coating under the condition that a length of the lower portion of a bead is equal to that of a part of the lip positioned at an upstream side when only the inclined surface following the lip portion is subjected to the composite plating.
  • the aforementioned coat of plating wherein fluorine-containing resins are made in a form of eutectoid is one plated with nickel through non-electrolytic plating utilizing a chemical reaction, and it is preferable that the coat of plating is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of not less than 300°C.
  • the inventors of the present invention recognized the difficulty of coating stably when coating a coating solution having low surface tension and low viscosity, for example, a coating solution of an organic solvent type by the use of a bead-employing coating apparatus such as a coater of a slide hopper type or an extrusion coater.
  • a bead-employing coating apparatus such as a coater of a slide hopper type or an extrusion coater.
  • the inventors presumed that the cause of the difficulty lies in the under mentioned mechanism.
  • a coating apparatus such as a coater of a slide hopper type, a coater of an extrusion hopper type or a curtain coater is usually made of metal, especially of stainless steel. It has been made clear that wettability of a coating solution having low surface tension and low viscosity such as an organic solvent for metal is very high because the surface energy of metal is large and its critical surface tension is high. Therefore, a coating solution spreads over the surface of the metal and thereby a bead can neither be formed sufficiently nor be kept in a stable form, and thus, the coating solution spreads over the lip or its surroundings.
  • Fig. 1 (a) is an illustrative sectional view showing an example of oozing out
  • Fig. 1 (b) is a plan view.
  • the numeral 1 represents an extrusion coating die and 10 represents a slit through which a coating solution is supplied.
  • the numeral 11 is a front bar and 12 is a back bar. Between web 2 running in the arrowed direction and the front and back bars, there is formed bead 13 through which a coated layer is formed on a web.
  • oozing out of the coating solution impedes complete bead formation, and oozed out portion 14 is formed under the regular bead.
  • the oozed out portion grows larger, it touches the web, causing streak defects or comet defects, or causing edge dirt at uncoated portions on both sides of the support, or the oozed out portion becomes a dropping defects to cause a dropping defects.
  • the coating solution oozes out on a lip as well as on an inclined surface following the lip at the slit outlet from which a flow-down layer comes out, and the oozed coating solution disturbs liquid releasing at the slit outlet, causing streak defects on the flow-down layer, or the oozed coating solution forms a drop which gets on the flow-down layer or drops on the web, resulting in dropping defects and streak defects.
  • water-repellent resins such as Teflon or the like are used as an actual means for giving water-repellent property to a lip portion according to Japanese Patent Publication No. 57629/1989, it has been made clear that it is difficult to obtain the precision necessary for the lip of a hopper and to maintain the precision without damaging the lip even when a grinding step is taken for finishing the lip in the means for providing resins in the lip, although it is expected that Teflon is excellent in water-repellent property and it prevents a coating solution from oozing out and thereby prevents streak defects.
  • composite plating wherein fine particles of fluorine-containing resin such as Teflon are dispersed in a form of eutectoid is very effective as a means which has water-repellent property and prevents streak defects and comet defects while correcting the aforementioned drawbacks. Due to the composite plating, it is possible to maintain the precision of a lip of a base material, which is a special feature of plating, and to form a coat having high hardness, while keeping the water-repellent property almost up to that of pure Teflon.
  • a coating solution having low surface tension and low viscosity was coated at high speed by a hopper wherein a coat was formed on the surface of a lip portion and/or the surface of an inclined surface following the lip portion, and the occurrence of comet defects, streak defects and dropping defects were not observed at all.
  • Fluorine-containing resins to be made in a form of eutectoid are preferably those having excellent water-repellent property wherein a carbon chain in a polymer is covered by as many fluorine atoms as possible such as in polytetrafluoroethylene known as Teflon (made by Du Pont Corp. in the U.S.)
  • nickel or chromium is used for a coat of plating wherein fluorine-containing resins is made in a form of eutectoid. It is further preferable that a lip portion for a coating die is plated by non-electrolytic plating utilizing a chemical reaction, from the viewpoints of uniformity of thickness of a plated coat, straightness and edge sharpness, which are required to be on a high level.
  • KANIFLON that is a trade name sold by Japan Kanigen Co., Ltd., as non-electrolytic nickel plating wherein Teflon fine particles, for example, are dispersed in a form of eutectoid. It is further possible to expect the effect of prevention of streak defects and others even for a coating solution having lower surface tension, due to more excellent water-repellent property obtained in the plating method developed by Applied Science Research Institute and C. Uyemura & Co., Ltd., wherein fluorine-containing resins are dispersed in a form of eutectoid.
  • the coat is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of not less than 200°C, and it is more preferable that the coat is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature ranging from 300°C to 350°C.
  • the purpose of the above is to decompose, through heat treatment, the dispersing agents used for dispersing fluorine-containing resins uniformly in a plating solution so that the dispersing agents staying on the surface even after the formation of the coat of plating may not impede the water-repellent effect.
  • Portions to be plated include a lip portion of a hopper and an inclined surface following the lip portion, and it is preferable for coating that a length of the lower portion of a bead is substantially the same as that of a part of the lip positioned at an upstream side.
  • a material having critical surface tension which is lower than surface tension of a coating solution is used on the surface of a lip situated at the tip of a hopper.
  • the coating solution in this case, concretely includes those for a photographic light-sensitive material layer, especially a photographic foundation layer, a light-sensitive material for a lithographic printing plate, a magnetic recording material and its foundation layer or a backcoating layer, and an electrophotographic light-sensitive material and so on.
  • Fig. 2 (a) to (f) are illustrative diagrams showing various coating apparatus and locations where problems tend to happen, that is, locations shown with thick lines to which the plating of the invention is to be applied.
  • Fig. 2 (a) is a sectional view of a coater of a slide hopper type
  • Fig. 2 (b) is a sectional view of a coater of an extrusion hopper type
  • Fig. 2 (c) is a sectional view of a curtain coater of a slide hopper type
  • Fig. 2 (d) is a sectional view of a curtain coater of an extrusion hopper type, and the coat of plating of the invention is applied to each location.
  • a coating method wherein a bead is adjusted so that a length of the bead may be equal to that of a part of the lip situated at an upstream side when only the inclined surface following the lip portion is subjected to plating on a coating apparatus of a hopper type.
  • Fig. 2 (e) represents an explanatory diagram showing a preferable length of a lower portion of a bead in the case that only an inclined surface portion following a lip is plated, for extrusion type coating, while Fig. 2 (f) represents that for slide hopper type coating.
  • a coat of nickel plating of about 10 ⁇ m thick wherein Teflon fine particles are dispersed in a form of eutectoid was applied to a lip portion of a slide hopper coating apparatus, and a coating solution having the following composition was coated on a polyethylene terephthalate web having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m and a width of 300 mm.
  • a coat of nickel plating of about 10 ⁇ m thick wherein Teflon fine particles are dispersed in a form of eutectoid was applied to a lip portion of an extrusion hopper coating apparatus, and a coating solution having the following composition was coated on a cellulose acetate web having a thickness of 125 ⁇ m and a width of 300 mm.
  • the straightness in the web width direction of the plated lip portion of the extrusion hopper coating apparatus mentioned above was 2 ⁇ m and variation of the coating thickness after coating was about 5%.
  • [Composition of coating solution] parts by weight Acetone 70 Isopropyl alcohol 20 Toluene 10 Cellulose acetate butylate 0.5
  • a coat of nickel plating of about 10 ⁇ m thick wherein Teflon fine particles are dispersed in a form of eutectoid was applied to an inclined surface portion following the lip portion of an extrusion coating apparatus wherein each of upper and lower lip lengths is 2.5 mm, and a coating solution having the following composition was coated on a cellulose acetate web having a thickness of 125 ⁇ m and a width of 300 mm.
  • composition of coating solution parts by weight Acetone 70 Isopropyl alcohol 20 Toluene 10 Cellulose acetate butylate 0.5
  • Coating speed 60 m/min, decompression degree: -30 mmaq, coating density: 23 ml/m2
  • a length of a lower portion of a bead was almost equal to that of the lip positioned at an upstream side, and neither coating defects such as streak defects nor coating thickness problem were caused, resulting in stable coating.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Appareil d'application du type à trémie permettant d'appliquer un ou plusieurs liquides de revêtement sur un élément de support flexible en défilement. L'appareil comprend une fente caractérisée par l'application d'un film de placage composite, dans lequel une résine contenant du fluor est dispersée et coagulée, sur une partie de lèvre située à l'extrémité avant et/ou sur une partie de surface inclinée contiguë à la partie de lèvre. Le procédé d'application consiste à rendre la longueur du fond d'une nervure pratiquement égale à la longueur de la lèvre du côté de l'admission lorsque le placage est appliqué uniquement à la partie de surface inclinée contiguë à la partie de lèvre. Cet appareil d'application permet d'éliminer des défauts tels que la formation de queues, l'égouttage du liquide et les ondulations, même lorsque le revêtement est effectué par une trémie coulissante et une matrice de revêtement du type à extrusion, utilisant un liquide de revêtement possédant une faible tension superficielle et une faible viscosité. Ce procédé d'application permet d'obtenir un revêtement aux propriétés uniformes.
EP93902521A 1992-01-22 1993-01-22 Procede et appareil d'application Expired - Lifetime EP0581962B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP9357/92 1992-01-22
JP935792 1992-01-22
JP22156492A JPH05261330A (ja) 1992-01-22 1992-08-20 塗布装置及び塗布方法
JP221564/92 1992-08-20
PCT/JP1993/000081 WO1993014878A1 (fr) 1992-01-22 1993-01-22 Procede et appareil d'application

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0581962A1 true EP0581962A1 (fr) 1994-02-09
EP0581962A4 EP0581962A4 (fr) 1994-03-23
EP0581962B1 EP0581962B1 (fr) 1997-04-09

Family

ID=26344057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93902521A Expired - Lifetime EP0581962B1 (fr) 1992-01-22 1993-01-22 Procede et appareil d'application

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0581962B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69309572T2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993014878A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5980992A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-11-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluorochemical treatments to provide low-energy surfaces
US5998549A (en) * 1996-05-31 1999-12-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Durable, low surface energy compounds and articles, apparatuses, and methods for using the same
EP1375014A2 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-02 Polytype S.A. Procédé de revêtement avec un film fluide
EP2052787A2 (fr) * 2001-08-17 2009-04-29 FUJIFILM Corporation Procédé et appareil de revêtement
CN112770846A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2021-05-07 富士胶片株式会社 薄膜制造方法及薄膜卷

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5741549A (en) * 1994-04-29 1998-04-21 Maier; Gary W. Slide die coating method and apparatus with improved die lip
US5639305A (en) * 1994-04-29 1997-06-17 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Die coating method and apparatus
US5759274A (en) * 1994-04-29 1998-06-02 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Die coating apparatus with surface covering

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6048599B2 (ja) * 1982-09-10 1985-10-28 上村工業株式会社 複合めつき皮膜
JPS59189963A (ja) * 1983-04-14 1984-10-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 塗布装置
JPH02142667U (fr) * 1989-04-26 1990-12-04
JPH03138376A (ja) * 1989-10-23 1991-06-12 Kooken:Kk 表面処理を施した産業用機械部品

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
No further relevant documents disclosed *
See also references of WO9314878A1 *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5998549A (en) * 1996-05-31 1999-12-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Durable, low surface energy compounds and articles, apparatuses, and methods for using the same
US6231929B1 (en) 1996-05-31 2001-05-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Slide coating apparatus having a low surface energy region
US5980992A (en) * 1997-10-03 1999-11-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Fluorochemical treatments to provide low-energy surfaces
EP2052787A2 (fr) * 2001-08-17 2009-04-29 FUJIFILM Corporation Procédé et appareil de revêtement
US7754285B2 (en) 2001-08-17 2010-07-13 Fujifilm Corporation Method for forming a plurality of coating layers on a continuous substrate
EP1375014A2 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-01-02 Polytype S.A. Procédé de revêtement avec un film fluide
EP1375014A3 (fr) * 2002-06-21 2004-10-06 Polytype S.A. Procédé de revêtement avec un film fluide
CN112770846A (zh) * 2018-09-27 2021-05-07 富士胶片株式会社 薄膜制造方法及薄膜卷
CN112770846B (zh) * 2018-09-27 2022-11-11 富士胶片株式会社 薄膜制造方法及薄膜卷

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69309572D1 (de) 1997-05-15
EP0581962A4 (fr) 1994-03-23
WO1993014878A1 (fr) 1993-08-05
DE69309572T2 (de) 1997-09-04
EP0581962B1 (fr) 1997-04-09

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