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EP0567024B1 - Clavier, spécialement pour instruments du type piano - Google Patents

Clavier, spécialement pour instruments du type piano Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0567024B1
EP0567024B1 EP93106269A EP93106269A EP0567024B1 EP 0567024 B1 EP0567024 B1 EP 0567024B1 EP 93106269 A EP93106269 A EP 93106269A EP 93106269 A EP93106269 A EP 93106269A EP 0567024 B1 EP0567024 B1 EP 0567024B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnets
keyboard
way
key
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93106269A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0567024A3 (en
EP0567024A2 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Hermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19924213469 external-priority patent/DE4213469A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19924223739 external-priority patent/DE4223739A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19934304807 external-priority patent/DE4304807A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0567024A2 publication Critical patent/EP0567024A2/fr
Publication of EP0567024A3 publication Critical patent/EP0567024A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0567024B1 publication Critical patent/EP0567024B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/32—Constructional details
    • G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/344—Structural association with individual keys
    • G10H1/346—Keys with an arrangement for simulating the feeling of a piano key, e.g. using counterweights, springs, cams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10C—PIANOS, HARPSICHORDS, SPINETS OR SIMILAR STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ONE OR MORE KEYBOARDS
    • G10C3/00—Details or accessories
    • G10C3/12—Keyboards; Keys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a keyboard, in particular for piano-like instruments, with which the playing impression of playing the piano is simulated, the keyboard having keys which are arranged movably on a frame.
  • piano-like keyboards which are used for training purposes or in high-quality electronic instruments. With these keyboards, the conditions that occur when playing the piano should be reproduced as faithfully as possible. For the replication, it is particularly important to generate both a resistance called play severity and to reproduce the pressure point that occurs with natural pianos and other instruments. Spring arrangements are supplemented with lead weightings in order to generate the play difficulty. Frictional, gravitational or spring forces are used in the known devices to simulate the pressure point. Because while playing on the keyboard at the moment of the pressure point, the maximum force is generated and this should then subside again, complex mechanical devices are required for this. According to FR-A-1 512 655, an arrangement is known in which a tension spring, which is long in relation to the key stroke, is arranged as an element which determines the amount of restoring and play.
  • the known devices have the disadvantage that they are either subject to high wear, as is the case, for example, with friction mechanisms, or that they require complex mechanical designs.
  • lead weights are raised in opposite directions or lead weights are provided for generating moments of inertia, it is disadvantageous that they cannot be set up and played in any position.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a keyboard that is easy to manufacture, on which the perception of playing that is common when playing the piano is felt and which can be used in any position.
  • the object is achieved in that magnets are arranged on the keys and on the frame of the keyboard, the magnets being arranged such that they move past each other by a small distance when the keys are pressed.
  • the magnets are polarized in the same way, so that repulsive forces occur when moving past.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that permanent magnets, preferably anisotropic ferrite magnets, are used as magnets.
  • An expedient development of the invention arises from the fact that the magnets attached to the frame of the keyboard are arranged in two directions for the purpose of adjusting the force and the location within the playing depth at which the pressure point is to be simulated.
  • the magnets on the fixed part are designed so that they are effective for several buttons.
  • Another form of the arrangement according to the invention provides that contact edges for fixing the position of the magnets are attached to the keys and / or to the frame.
  • the arrangement of the magnets can - seen in the longitudinal direction of the key lever - one behind the other or next to each other. If the magnets are arranged next to each other, they are moved past each other when the buttons are pressed. In this case, the distance determining the magnetic force remains constant even if wear occurs at the bearing of the key lever. Due to the side arrangement, this wear is also reduced because the magnetic forces are kept away from the bearing.
  • the fixed magnets can expediently be attached like a comb, so that the magnets attached to the key levers each move between two fixed magnets. The magnetic effect is used on two surfaces of the magnets. This leads to an increase in the magnetic force effect.
  • a major advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that by suitably dimensioning the magnet strength and by correspondingly positioning the magnets within the arrangement, the course of the actuating force can be designed in such a way that the triggering torque is more or less noticeable.
  • a resistance that occurs on the distance of the game depth is answered by the player by increasing the finger pressure.
  • An essential aspect for the lifelike replication of instruments is the delayed responsiveness of the player. The player is not in at normal velocity able to follow the real course of force - especially in the decreasing range. Therefore, after the pressure point has been overcome, an increased actuation force and thus an acceleration occur. This acceleration is deliberately used on the piano to safely trigger the hammer.
  • At least one of the magnets is movably mounted so that the magnet can evade the repulsive magnetic force when the key is moved back and that stops for limiting the pivoting movement are arranged at the bearing point of the mounted magnet.
  • Figure 1 shows the arrangement of the tension spring 1 parallel to the key 2 between a spring suspension 5 on the key 2 and an adjusting screw 4. So that the tension spring 1 is not rotated during adjustment, either a swivel joint is attached to the adjusting screw 4 or a thread is formed 3 used within the tension spring 1.
  • the spring attachment is possible in the same way on the white button 2 as on the black button 2 '.
  • the key 2 is movably arranged at a bearing 7.
  • an adjusting screw 8 is adjustably connected to the frame 6.
  • the head of the set screw 8 is on the kickback pad 9 of the button 2 to reduce kickback noise.
  • the head of the adjusting screw 8 has an enlarged contact surface.
  • the keys 2 and 2 are guided by means of a pin 10 and limited in their movement.
  • the pillows 11 in turn prevent a hard stop.
  • the pressure point effect is achieved in that the magnets MT, MG are arranged with the same polarity, so that they have a repulsive effect in the area of the pressure point, ie in the position where they are closest to each other.
  • the arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to arrange the pressure point to be simulated at any area of the playing depth T.
  • the resistance to be simulated, analogous to the model of piano mechanics, should be assigned to the lower part of the playing depth T.
  • the device for pressure point simulation according to the invention is advantageously used together with the arrangement for simulating the game severity. It is possible to adapt the game severity and the size of the pressure point resistance to each other. This allows the impression of how it appears when playing a keyboard with mechanics, for example when playing the piano, to be reproduced.
  • the frame magnet MG attached to the frame 6 is attached to a stable bar L or L ', for example by gluing.
  • the strip L is fastened to the frame 6 in an adjustable manner. This allows both the air gap and the removal of the force-generating magnets the pressure point position can be set. For the adjustment process, it is advisable to incorporate a contact edge on both the L bar and the 2 key. This enables a uniform magnetic distance across the entire keyboard.
  • the frame magnets MG attached to the frame 6 are dimensioned and arranged in such a way that they can be independently assigned to several key magnets MT. The maximum length of these MG magnets results from the fracture resistance of the magnetic elements.
  • Anisotropic ferrite magnets are expediently used in order to be able to use smaller and thus lighter magnets MT, MG. If magnets are arranged side by side on a bar L, a small distance must be ensured to avoid distortion of the magnetic field.
  • FIG. 2a to FIG. 2e explains the mode of operation of a keyboard, in which the pressure point is only felt when the key is depressed, but is avoided when the key is moved back. In this case, the playing impression of a piano keyboard with hammer release is reproduced even better.
  • permanent magnets MT and MG are arranged on the button 2 and on the frame 6. The polarity of the magnets is indicated by marking the north and south poles N and S.
  • the permanent magnet MT arranged on the button 2 is movable. The movement is made possible by mounting the MT magnet in a swivel joint G.
  • the swiveling movement of the magnet MT is limited upwards by the upper elastic stop Al and downwards by the elastic stop A2, which is fastened to the button 2 with the aid of a bracket B and a screw S.
  • the magnet MT is attached to a fastening part BT.
  • the magnet M1 bears against the stop Al as a result of the repulsive force effect of the two magnets MT and MG.
  • the position of the magnet MT in relation to the key 2 remains until the state shown in position b) is reached. In this position, the two magnets MT and MG approach a minimum air gap L1, at which the greatest repulsive force is achieved. The pressure point can be felt in this position.
  • Embodiments are also possible in which the magnet MT arranged on the button 2 is fixedly connected to the button 2 and the magnet MG attached to the frame 6 is arranged pivotably. It is advantageous to arrange the magnet MG on a rocker, which is designed so that a stop plane enables two different stop positions.
  • FIG. 3 shows a possibility in which the magnet MT located on the button 2 is immersed in the magnetic field of an electromagnet.
  • Various shapes such as horseshoe or rod-shaped magnets, can be used as electromagnets. It is also possible to design the electromagnets so that they are guided past one another. The pressure point to be simulated is also achieved in the position in which the magnets with the same poles are at the smallest distance from one another to have.
  • the electromagnet is switched off by an electrical contact, so that when the key 2 is moved back, the pressure point simulation can no longer be felt.
  • the switch is advantageously connected in parallel with a resistor which is set in such a way that when the key is moved back, the permanent magnet cannot be attracted to the iron circuit and the strength of the electromagnet is reduced so that it does not repulsive.
  • the desired magnetic force is generated by an air coil.
  • the pressure point strength is electrically adjustable in the electromagnetic application.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Clavier, en particulier pour instruments analogues au piano, permettant de reproduire le jeu de piano, disposant de touches mobiles ordonnées sur un cadre et où un ressort de traction (1) de force réglable et long par rapport à la course des touches, de longueur faiblement modifiée par la manipulation des touches, est disposé presque parallèlement au levier de touche en tant qu'élément déterminant le rappel et la gravité de jeu, une extrémité du ressort de traction (1) étant fixée à un emplacement d'accrochage de ressort à la hauteur environ du milieu du levier de touche (2), et l'autre extrémité étant fixée de manière à pouvoir être ajustée sur le cadre, caractérisé en ce que
    - les aimants (MT, MG) sont disposés respectivement sur les touches (2,2') et sur le cadre (6) de clavier.
    - les aimants (MT, MG) sont disposés de sorte à se déplacer en passant l'un devant l'autre en présentant entre eux un intervalle minime lors de la manipulation des touches.
    - les aimants (MT, MG) présentent des polarisations identiques déterminant l'apparition de forces répulsives lors du mouvement de passage.
  2. Clavier selon revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les aimants (MT, MG) employés sont des aimants permanents, préférentiellement des aimants en ferrite anisotropes.
  3. Clavier selon revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les aimants (MG) appliqués sur le cadre (6) de clavier sont disposés de manière à pouvoir être ajustés dans deux directions à l'intérieur de la profondeur de jeu en vue du réglage de place et de force.
  4. Clavier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les aimants (MG) de la partie fixe sont formés et disposés pour pouvoir agir sur plusieurs touches.
  5. Clavier selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un des aimants au moins est monté de manière mobile afin qu'il puisse, lors du déplacement de retour de la touche, éviter la force magnétique répulsive, et en ce que des butées (A1, A2) sont disposées au point d'appui de l'aimant monté, afin de limiter le mouvement pivotant.
  6. Clavier selon revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'aimant appliqué sur le cadre (MG) est placé sur une bascule et en ce que deux positions d'arrêt différentes sont prévues dans un plan d'arrêt.
  7. Clavier selon revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'un des deux champs magnétiques est produit par une bobine électrique traversée par le courant, ladite bobine étant commutée de sorte qu'en résulte un champ magnétique répulsif pour l'aimant permanent à déplacement relatif vers elle, ledit champ magnétique pouvant être interrompu électriquement.
EP93106269A 1992-04-24 1993-04-17 Clavier, spécialement pour instruments du type piano Expired - Lifetime EP0567024B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4213469 1992-04-24
DE19924213469 DE4213469A1 (de) 1992-04-24 1992-04-24 Tastatur für ein klavierartiges Musikinstrument
DE4223739 1992-07-18
DE19924223739 DE4223739A1 (de) 1992-07-18 1992-07-18 Einrichtung zur Druckpunktsimulierung an Tastenhebeln
DE19934304807 DE4304807A1 (de) 1992-07-18 1993-02-17 Einrichtung zur Druckpunktsimulierung an Tastenhebeln
DE4304807 1993-02-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0567024A2 EP0567024A2 (fr) 1993-10-27
EP0567024A3 EP0567024A3 (en) 1994-08-17
EP0567024B1 true EP0567024B1 (fr) 1997-11-19

Family

ID=27203662

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93106269A Expired - Lifetime EP0567024B1 (fr) 1992-04-24 1993-04-17 Clavier, spécialement pour instruments du type piano

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0567024B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE160463T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ282808B6 (fr)
DE (1) DE59307689D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001039169A1 (fr) * 1999-11-25 2001-05-31 Ulrich Hermann Dispositif de simulation d'un point de pression dans des claviers pour instruments a touches du type piano
US9966052B2 (en) * 2014-02-12 2018-05-08 Rodrigo Vázquez Díaz Keyboard with adjustable touch for a musical instrument
DE102015000133B3 (de) * 2015-01-07 2016-03-03 Olaf Schmidt Vorrichtung einer stufenlosen Druckpunkt- und Haltekrafteinstellung für Tastaturen zur Verwendung in Spieltischen digitaler Orgeln
DE102015015385A1 (de) 2015-11-28 2017-06-01 Ulrich A. Gottwald Vorrichtung zur Realisierung eines Tastenleergangs und der verschiedenen, teils im Spielbetrieb veränderlichen Tastenwiderstände verschiedener Pfeifenorgelspieltische zur Verwendung an einem digitalen Spieltisch.
DE102016006051A1 (de) 2016-05-18 2017-11-23 Ulrich A. Gottwald Vorrichtung zur Realisierung eines Tastenleergangs und der verschiedenen, teils im Spielbetrieb veränderlichen Tastenwiderstände verschiedener Pfeifenorgelspieltische zur Verwendung an einem digitalen Spieltisch mit einarmigen Tastaturen, sowie einer Druckpunktsimulation für das Pedal.
CN106981284A (zh) * 2017-06-05 2017-07-25 音乐梦想（北京）科技有限公司 一种磁吸式配重琴键键盘
CN110570833B (zh) * 2019-10-16 2024-07-19 得理乐器(珠海)有限公司 一种电子琴拉簧键盘手感分级调节装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6602034A (fr) * 1966-02-17 1967-08-18
US4365536A (en) * 1980-10-27 1982-12-28 Whirlpool Corporation Sliding actuator membrane switch for organ keyboard
US4524669A (en) * 1981-06-11 1985-06-25 Nippon Gakki Seizo Kabushiki Kaisha Key-driving/detecting mechanism for keyboard instrument
DD213269A1 (de) * 1983-01-06 1984-09-05 Zerkleinerungsmaschinen Veb Stahlfeder
JPH0810399B2 (ja) * 1989-02-16 1996-01-31 ヤマハ株式会社 電子楽器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59307689D1 (de) 1998-01-02
ATE160463T1 (de) 1997-12-15
EP0567024A3 (en) 1994-08-17
CZ72693A3 (en) 1993-11-17
EP0567024A2 (fr) 1993-10-27
CZ282808B6 (cs) 1997-10-15

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