EP0548861B1 - Assembled screw for an extruder used in the ceramic industry - Google Patents
Assembled screw for an extruder used in the ceramic industry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0548861B1 EP0548861B1 EP92121657A EP92121657A EP0548861B1 EP 0548861 B1 EP0548861 B1 EP 0548861B1 EP 92121657 A EP92121657 A EP 92121657A EP 92121657 A EP92121657 A EP 92121657A EP 0548861 B1 EP0548861 B1 EP 0548861B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- screw
- worm
- pointed
- head
- teeth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 4
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001300068 Cochlicella acuta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
- B30B11/246—Screw constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
- B28B3/222—Screw or worm constructions
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of a screw with the features specified in claim 1.
- Extruders are used in the ceramic industry with which strands are initially formed from the plastic molding compounds from which ceramic products are fired.
- the molding compound in the extruder is conveyed through a single screw into a press head and compacted in the process; the press head continues into a mouthpiece, from which a strand emerges from the molding compound.
- the snail is surrounded by a snail cylinder.
- the molding compound does not flow uniformly in this, rather the molding compound is more strongly promoted at the end of the catchable screw on the driving side of the screw than on the back, which is why speed-dependent pressure fluctuations occur in the screw cylinder.
- Another option is to design the shaft as a square, hexagonal or octagonal profile.
- Another known possibility is to provide a number of axially parallel bores in which cylindrical pins are inserted on a pitch circle on the facing end faces of the hubs of the pointed-head worm and single-start worm.
- the holes In view of the fact that the torque that occurs on the screw during conveying must be transmitted with the pins, the holes must be arranged extremely precisely, which becomes more difficult the more holes are required.
- a screw is known in which four bores are arranged on the pitch circle and more than eight to a maximum of twelve bores should not be possible in practice.
- a composite screw for a plastic injection molding machine consisting of a plasticizing screw and a head screw, which are detachably connected to each other by a rigid, form-fitting coupling, the connection being made by means of spur gear teeth the mutually facing ends of the hubs of the screw parts is effected.
- the head screw is intended for replacement if it is worn out by processing filled plastics or if the head pressure during injection molding is to be adapted to the respectively required procedural conditions by means of a head screw with a changed slope.
- adjusting the angular position of the head screw relative to the plasticizing screw is not provided, but is undesirable in order to avoid dead space.
- the object of the invention is therefore to achieve a more uniform flow of the molding compound in the press head of the extruder, which flow is accompanied by fewer pressure fluctuations.
- the catchable worm and the pointed worm are via a spur toothing, in particular via a Hirth serration, positively connected and clamped together in the axial direction.
- the smallest angle of rotation by which the pointed worm can be adjusted compared to the single worm is determined by the tooth pitch or the number of teeth.
- teeth numbers of 24, 36 or even 48 can easily be achieved.
- the optimal position of the pointed worm relative to the catchable worm can be set much more precisely than with known worms.
- the pointed worm can be adjusted in steps of 10 °, with 48 teeth in 7.5 ° steps.
- the adjustment is very easy to do: all that needs to be done is to loosen an axially extending screw bolt, through which the pointed worm and the single-start worm are clamped together, at least by the tooth height; the pointed worm can then be turned and the screw bolt tightened again.
- the screw bolt is tightened, the pointed worm is automatically centered by the intermeshing of the spur toothing.
- a special wear of the spur gear is not to be expected, since it introduces the torques that occur into a relatively large area, and dirt that can penetrate into the spur gear when the coupling is released can be easily removed if necessary, because the spur gear is easily accessible is.
- the Hirth serration can be attached in the form of rings to the hubs of the catchy worm and the pointed worm.
- the rings with the end faces of the Hubs are screwed.
- the rings are preferably welded to the end faces of the hubs.
- the spur toothing enables the user of an extruder to adapt the optimal position of the pointed screw in relation to the single screw for his particular application, in particular to the type of molding compound to be processed. This minimizes the pressure fluctuations in the press head and optimizes the uniformity of the flow. In this way, the quality of the ceramic products to be burned from the strand can be increased.
- Figure 1 shows a composite screw consisting of a single-start screw 1 and a two-start pointed screw 2 in its housing 3, which is part of an extruder that is used in the ceramic industry, for example in brick factories.
- the assembled screw is on a worm shaft 4 with which it is non-rotatably connected, expediently with a feather keyway.
- the helix 5 of the single-start screw 1 has a larger diameter than in the front area, where the screw is surrounded by the screw cylinder 6.
- the feed zone 7 in which the molding compound which is to be conveyed and compressed by the screw is fed.
- the single-start worm 1 and the pointed worm 2 are connected to one another by a coupling 8, which comprises two rings 9 and 10 with end teeth 11.
- a coupling 8 which comprises two rings 9 and 10 with end teeth 11.
- One ring 9 is welded onto the front end face of the hub 12 of the single-start worm, while the other ring 10 is welded onto the rear end face of the hub 13 of the pointed-head worm.
- the pointed worm and the single-start worm are clamped together by a screw bolt, which is screwed into the front end of the worm shaft 4 through an axial bore 14 in the pointed worm from the tip thereof.
- This screw bolt is released when the pointed worm screw 2 is to be turned relative to the single-screw screw 1.
- the pointed-head worm 2 is positioned such that the trailing edge 15 of the helix 5 of the single-start worm lies approximately in the middle between the leading edges 16 and 17 of the two helices 18 and 19 of the pointed-head worm 2.
- a pointed-head screw with more than two courses could be used. This allows pressure fluctuations in the flow rate to be compensated even further, albeit at the price of an increased energy requirement and an increase in the number of cut textures in the strand.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf die Verwendung von einer Schnecke mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to the use of a screw with the features specified in
In der keramischen Industrie sind Extruder im Einsatz, mit welchen aus den plastischen Formmassen, aus denen keramische Erzeugnisse gebrannt werden, zunächst Stränge gebildet werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Formmasse im Extruder durch eine eingängige Schnecke in einen Preßkopf gefördert und dabei verdichtet; der Preßkopf setzt sich fort in ein Mundstück, aus welchem ein Strang aus der Formmasse austritt. Die Schnecke ist von einem Schneckenzylinder umgeben. In diesem strömt die Formmasse nicht gleichförmig, vielmehr wird am Ende der eingängigen Schnecke die Formmasse auf der Treibseite der Schnecke stärker gefördert als auf ihrer Rückseite, deshalb treten im Schneckenzylinder drehzahlabhängige Druckschwankungen auf. Sowohl diese Druckschwankungen als auch die damit verbundene asymmetrische Förderung, die mit der Schneckendrehzahl im Austrittsquerschnitt des Schneckenzylinders umläuft, verursacht eine pulsierende Strömung der Formmasse im Preßkopf. Insbesondere bei bänderartigen Strangprofilen oder beim Pressen von mehreren Einzelsträngen zeigen sich dabei erhebliche Mängel in der Maßgenauigkeit der Stränge, oft auch in Form von Rissen.Extruders are used in the ceramic industry with which strands are initially formed from the plastic molding compounds from which ceramic products are fired. For this purpose, the molding compound in the extruder is conveyed through a single screw into a press head and compacted in the process; the press head continues into a mouthpiece, from which a strand emerges from the molding compound. The snail is surrounded by a snail cylinder. The molding compound does not flow uniformly in this, rather the molding compound is more strongly promoted at the end of the catchable screw on the driving side of the screw than on the back, which is why speed-dependent pressure fluctuations occur in the screw cylinder. Both these pressure fluctuations and the associated asymmetrical delivery, which revolves with the screw speed in the outlet cross section of the screw cylinder, causes a pulsating flow of the molding compound in the press head. Particularly in the case of ribbon-like extrusion profiles or when pressing a plurality of individual extrudates, there are considerable defects in the dimensional accuracy of the extrudates, often also in the form of cracks.
Um diese für Schnecken typischen, aber unerwünschten Erscheinungen zu beseitigen, ist es bekannt, vor der eingängigen Schnecke eine kurze zweigängige Schnecke anzuordnen, die Spitzkopfschnecke, welche den von der eingängigen Schnecke angelieferten unsymmetrischen Förderstrom in zwei gleichgroße Hälften teilen und dadurch den Förderstrom im Preßkopf nachträglich vergleichmässigen soll. Damit das tatsächlich geschieht, müssen die Eintrittskanten der Wendeln der Spitzkopfschnecke gegenüber der Austrittskante der Wendel der eingängigen Schnecke so angeordnet sein, dass der Förderstrom der eingängigen Schnecke genau in zwei gleiche Teile geteilt wird und die Spitzkopfschnecke selbst muss symmetrisch ausgebildet sein. Nur dann sind die beiden Teilströme in den Schneckengängen der Spitzkopfschnecke hinsichtlich ihrer Menge als auch ihres Druckes gleich (Ziegeleitechnisches Jahrbuch ZTJ 1969, Seiten 224 und 225 sowie 1975, Seiten 268 und 269 sowie 321 bis 329). Die richtige, winkelmässige Zuordnung der Spitzkopfschnecke zur eingängigen Schnecke ist am wichtigsten, um eine gleichförmige Strömung der Formmasse im Preßkopf zu erreichen (ZTJ 1975, Seite 323). Es ist deshalb bekannt, dass man den Spitzkopf auf der Schneckenwelle gegenüber der eingängigen Schnecke verdrehen und in einer Anzahl von unterschiedlichen Drehwinkelstellungen mit der eingängigen Schnecke verbinden kann. Die Verbindung geschieht mittels einer starren, formschlüssigen Kupplung, im allgemeinen mittels Paßfedern. Um die Spitzkopfschnecke in unterschiedliche Stellungen zur eingängigen Schnecke bringen zu können, werden in die Bohrung der Spitzkopfschnecke mehrere Nuten eingebracht.In order to eliminate these typical but undesirable phenomena for screws, it is known to arrange a short double-screw in front of the single-screw, the pointed-head screw, which divides the asymmetrical flow delivered by the single-screw into two equally large halves and thus subsequently the flow in the press head should be even. In order for this to actually happen, the leading edges of the helix of the pointed worm screw must be arranged opposite the trailing edge of the helix of the single-screw worm in such a way that the flow rate of the single-screw worm is divided exactly into two equal parts and the pointed-head screw itself must be symmetrical. Only then are the two partial flows in the worm threads of the pointed worm screw the same in terms of their quantity and their pressure (Brickwork Yearbook ZTJ 1969, pages 224 and 225 and 1975, pages 268 and 269 and 321 to 329). The correct, angular assignment of the pointed snail to the catchy snail is most important to one to achieve uniform flow of the molding compound in the press head (ZTJ 1975, page 323). It is therefore known that the pointed head on the worm shaft can be turned relative to the single-start screw and can be connected to the single-start screw in a number of different angular positions. The connection is made by means of a rigid, form-fitting coupling, generally by means of feather keys. In order to be able to bring the pointed worm into different positions to the catchable worm, several grooves are made in the bore of the pointed worm.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, die Welle als Vierkant-, Sechskant- oder Achtkantprofil auszuführen. Eine andere bekannte Möglichkeit besteht darin, an den einander zugekehrten Endflächen der Naben von Spitzkopfschnecke und eingängiger Schnecke auf einem Teilkreis eine Anzahl von achsparallelen Bohrungen vorzusehen, in welchen Zylinderstifte stecken. Damit ist aber nur eine sehr grobe Winkelverstellung möglich, weil sich nur verhältnismässig wenige Bohrungen auf dem Teilkreis anordnen lassen: Im Hinblick darauf, dass mit den Stiften das beim Fördern an der Schnecke auftretende Drehmoment übertragen werden muss, müssen die Bohrungen äußerst maßgenau angeordnet sein, was um so schwieriger wird, je mehr Bohrungen gewünscht sind. Bekannt ist eine Schnecke, bei der vier Bohrungen auf dem Teilkreis angeordnet sind und mehr als acht bis höchstens zwölf Bohrungen dürften in der Praxis nicht möglich sein.Another option is to design the shaft as a square, hexagonal or octagonal profile. Another known possibility is to provide a number of axially parallel bores in which cylindrical pins are inserted on a pitch circle on the facing end faces of the hubs of the pointed-head worm and single-start worm. However, this means that only a very rough angle adjustment is possible because only a relatively small number of holes can be arranged on the pitch circle: In view of the fact that the torque that occurs on the screw during conveying must be transmitted with the pins, the holes must be arranged extremely precisely, which becomes more difficult the more holes are required. A screw is known in which four bores are arranged on the pitch circle and more than eight to a maximum of twelve bores should not be possible in practice.
Man könnte daran denken, die optimale Drehwinkellage der Spitzkopfschnecke gegenüber der eingängigen Schnecke zu berechnen. Leider ist das aber nicht möglich, da die optimale Lage von mehreren Einflußfaktoren abhängt, u.a. von den Eigenschaften der verarbeiteten Formmasse, so dass es wichtig ist, dass der Benutzer des Extruders die Winkellage der Spitzkopfschnecke von Fall zu Fall den Gegebenheiten anpassen und optimieren kann. Dabei kommt erschwerend hinzu, daß der optimale Winkelbereich um so schmaler ist, je geringer der Abstand zwischen der Wendel der eingängigen Schnecke und den Wendeln der Spitzkopfschnecke ist.One could think of calculating the optimal angle of rotation of the pointed worm compared to the catchable worm. Unfortunately, this is not possible, since the optimal location depends on several influencing factors, including the properties of the molding compound processed, so it is important that the The user of the extruder can adjust and optimize the angular position of the pointed screw from case to case. This is aggravated by the fact that the smaller the distance between the helix of the single-start screw and the helixes of the pointed worm, the narrower the optimal angular range.
Mit der verhältnismäßig groben Verstellmöglichkeit über Paßfedernuten oder achsparallele Bohrungen mit Zylinderstiften ist dem Benutzer deshalb nicht viel geholfen, ganz abgesehen davon, daß die Verstellmöglichkeit mühsam ist, zumal die Gefahr eines Festfressens der Schnecke auf der Schneckenwelle besteht. So ist das Problem, welches aus der ungleichmäßigen, unsymmetrischen Strömung im Extruder folgt, zwar seit langem bekannt, aber bis heute noch immer nicht zufriedenstellend gelöst.With the relatively coarse adjustment option via feather key grooves or axially parallel bores with cylindrical pins, the user is not helped much, quite apart from the fact that the adjustment option is tedious, especially since there is a risk of the worm seizing up on the worm shaft. The problem resulting from the uneven, asymmetrical flow in the extruder has been known for a long time, but has still not been satisfactorily solved to this day.
Aus der DE-A-1 779 711 ist bereits eine zusammengesetzte Schnecke für eine Kunststoff-Spritzgießmaschine bekannt, bestehend aus einer Plastifizierschnecke und einer Kopfschnecke, welche durch eine starre, formschlüssige Kupplung lösbar miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Verbindung mittels Stirnverzahnung erfolgt, die an den einander zugewandten Enden der Naben der Schneckenteile bewirkt wird. Die Kopfschnecke ist zum Austausch vorgesehen, wenn sie durch Verarbeitung von gefüllten Kunststoffen verschlissen ist oder wenn durch eine Kopfschnecke mit geänderter Steigung der Gegendruck beim Spritzgießen den jeweils erforderlichen verfahrenstechnischen Gegebenheiten angepaßt werden soll. Ein Verstellen der Winkellage der Kopfschnecke gegenüber der Plastifizierschnecke ist dabei jedoch nicht vorgesehen, sondern zwecks Vermeidung von Totraum unerwünscht.
Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, auf möglichst einfache Weise eine gleichmäßigere, von weniger Druckschwankungen begleitete Strömung der Formmasse im Preßkopf des Extruders zu erreichen.From DE-A-1 779 711 a composite screw for a plastic injection molding machine is already known, consisting of a plasticizing screw and a head screw, which are detachably connected to each other by a rigid, form-fitting coupling, the connection being made by means of spur gear teeth the mutually facing ends of the hubs of the screw parts is effected. The head screw is intended for replacement if it is worn out by processing filled plastics or if the head pressure during injection molding is to be adapted to the respectively required procedural conditions by means of a head screw with a changed slope. However, adjusting the angular position of the head screw relative to the plasticizing screw is not provided, but is undesirable in order to avoid dead space.
The object of the invention is therefore to achieve a more uniform flow of the molding compound in the press head of the extruder, which flow is accompanied by fewer pressure fluctuations.
Diese Aufgabe wird auf überraschend einfache Weise gelöst durch die Verwendung einer Schnecke mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by using a screw with the features specified in
Erfindungsgemäß sind die eingängige Schnecke und die Spitzkopfschnecke über eine Stirnverzahnung, insbesondere über eine Hirth-Verzahnung, formschlüssig miteinander verbunden und in Achsrichtung miteinander verspannt. Der kleinste Drehwinkel, um welches die Spitzkopfschnecke gegenüber der eingängigen Schnecke verstellt werden kann, ist bestimmt durch die Zahnteilung bzw. die Zähnezahl. Für den vorgesehenen Verwendungszweck lassen sich Zähnezahlen von 24, 36 oder sogar 48 leicht erreichen. Aus diesem Grund läßt sich optimale Stellung der Spitzkopfschnecke gegenüber der eingängigen Schnecke sehr viel genauer einstellen als bei bekannten Schnecken. Bei einer Zähnezahl von 36 kann die Spitzkopfschnecke in Schritten von 10°, bei einer Zähnezahl von 48 in Schritten von 7,5° verstellt werden. Dabei ist die Verstellung ganz einfach zu bewerkstelligen: Es muss lediglich ein sich achsial erstreckender Schraubbolzen, durch den die Spitzkopfschnecke und die eingängige Schnecke miteinander verspannt sind, mindestens um die Zahnhöhe gelöst werden; dann kann die Spitzkopfschnecke verdreht und der Schraubbolzen wieder angezogen werden. Beim Anziehen des Schraubbolzens wird die Spitzkopfschnecke durch das Ineinandergreifen der Stirnverzahnung selbsttätig zentriert. Mit einem besonderen Verschleiß der Stirnverzahnung ist nicht zu rechnen, da sie die auftretenden Drehmomente in eine verhältnismässig große Fläche einleitet, und Verschmutzungen, die beim Lösen der Kupplung in die Stirnverzahnung eindringen können, lassen sich im Bedarfsfall leicht wieder entfernen, da die Stirnverzahnung gut zugänglich ist.According to the invention, the catchable worm and the pointed worm are via a spur toothing, in particular via a Hirth serration, positively connected and clamped together in the axial direction. The smallest angle of rotation by which the pointed worm can be adjusted compared to the single worm is determined by the tooth pitch or the number of teeth. For the intended use, teeth numbers of 24, 36 or even 48 can easily be achieved. For this reason, the optimal position of the pointed worm relative to the catchable worm can be set much more precisely than with known worms. With 36 teeth, the pointed worm can be adjusted in steps of 10 °, with 48 teeth in 7.5 ° steps. The adjustment is very easy to do: all that needs to be done is to loosen an axially extending screw bolt, through which the pointed worm and the single-start worm are clamped together, at least by the tooth height; the pointed worm can then be turned and the screw bolt tightened again. When the screw bolt is tightened, the pointed worm is automatically centered by the intermeshing of the spur toothing. A special wear of the spur gear is not to be expected, since it introduces the torques that occur into a relatively large area, and dirt that can penetrate into the spur gear when the coupling is released can be easily removed if necessary, because the spur gear is easily accessible is.
Die Hirth-Verzahnung kann in Form von Ringen an den Naben der eingängigen Schnecke und der Spitzkopfschnecke angebracht werden. Zu diesem Zweck könnten die Ringe mit den Stirnseiten der Naben verschraubt werden. Vorzugsweise werden die Ringe jedoch mit den Stirnseiten der Naben verschweißt.The Hirth serration can be attached in the form of rings to the hubs of the catchy worm and the pointed worm. For this purpose, the rings with the end faces of the Hubs are screwed. However, the rings are preferably welded to the end faces of the hubs.
Die Stirnverzahnung ermöglicht es dem Benutzer eines Extruders, die optimale Stellung der Spitzkopfschnecke gegenüber der eingängigen Schnecke für seinen jeweiligen Anwendungsfall, insbesondere an die Art der zu verarbeitenden Formmasse anzupassen. Dadurch können die Druckschwankungen im Preßkopf minimiert und die Gleichmässigkeit des Förderstroms optimiert werden. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Qualität der aus dem Strang zu brennenden keramischen Erzeugnisse steigern.The spur toothing enables the user of an extruder to adapt the optimal position of the pointed screw in relation to the single screw for his particular application, in particular to the type of molding compound to be processed. This minimizes the pressure fluctuations in the press head and optimizes the uniformity of the flow. In this way, the quality of the ceramic products to be burned from the strand can be increased.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt.
Figur 1- zeigt die Schnecke eines Extruders in ihrem Gehäuse in einer Seitenansicht, und
Figur 2- zeigt das vordere Ende der Schnecke vergrößert in einer Seitenansicht.
- Figure 1
- shows the screw of an extruder in its housing in a side view, and
- Figure 2
- shows the front end of the snail enlarged in a side view.
Figur 1 zeigt eine zusammengesetzte Schnecke bestehend aus einer eingängigen Schnecke 1 und einer zweigängigen Spitzkopfschnecke 2 in ihrem Gehäuse 3, welches Teil eines Extruders ist, der in der keramischen Industrie Verwendung findet, beispielsweise in Ziegeleien. Die zusammengesetzte Schnecke steckt auf einer Schneckenwelle 4, mit welcher sie verdrehfest verbunden ist, zweckmässigerweise mit einer Paßfedernut. Im hinteren Bereich hat die Wendel 5 der eingängigen Schnecke 1 einen größeren Durchmesser als im vorderen Bereich, wo die Schnecke vom Schneckenzylinder 6 umgeben ist. Im hinteren Bereich der Schnecke befindet sich die Speisezone 7, in welcher die Formmasse zugeführt wird, die durch die Schnecke gefördert und verdichtet werden soll.Figure 1 shows a composite screw consisting of a single-
Wie Figur 2 zeigt, sind die eingängige Schnecke 1 und die Spitzkopfschnecke 2 durch eine Kupplung 8 miteinander verbunden, welche zwei Ringe 9 und 10 mit Stirnverzahnung 11 umfaßt. Der eine Ring 9 ist auf die vordere Stirnfläche der Nabe 12 der eingängigen Schnecke aufgeschweißt, während der andere Ring 10 auf die rückseitige Stirnfläche der Nabe 13 der Spitzkopfschnecke aufgeschweißt ist.As FIG. 2 shows, the single-
Die Spitzkopfschnecke und die eingängige Schnecke werden durch einen Schraubbolzen miteinander verspannt, der durch eine achsiale Bohrung 14 in der Spitzkopfschnecke von deren Spitze aus in das vordere Ende der Schneckenwelle 4 eingedreht wird. Dieser Schraubbolzen wird gelöst, wenn die Spitzkopfschnecke 2 gegenüber der eingängigen Schnecke 1 verdreht werden soll. Im gezeichneten Beispiel steht die Spitzkopfschnecke 2 so, dass die Austrittskante 15 der Wendel 5 der eingängigen Schnecke ungefähr in der Mitte zwischen den Eintrittskanten 16 und 17 der beiden Wendeln 18 und 19 der Spitzkopfschnecke 2 liegt.The pointed worm and the single-start worm are clamped together by a screw bolt, which is screwed into the front end of the
Grundsätzlich könnte anstelle einer zweigängigen Spitzkopfschnecke auch eine Spitzkopfschnecke mit mehr als zwei Gängen verwendet werden. Damit lassen sich Druckschwankungen im Förderstrom noch weiter ausgleichen, allerdings um den Preis eines erhöhten Energiebedarfs und einer Vergrößerung der Zahl der Schnittexturen im Strang.In principle, instead of a two-course pointed-head screw, a pointed-head screw with more than two courses could be used. This allows pressure fluctuations in the flow rate to be compensated even further, albeit at the price of an increased energy requirement and an increase in the number of cut textures in the strand.
Claims (4)
- Use of a composite screw consisting of
a single-thread screw (1) and a two or three-start steeple-head screw (2), which are detachably joined to one another by means of a rigid, jaw-type coupling (8) and can be arranged to form different angles of rotation when the coupling (8) is moved apart, whereby the single-thread screw (1) and the steeple-head screw (2) are provided with end-face engaging teeth (11) on the oppositely facing ends of the hubs (12, 13) thereof,
as an extrusion means for processing formable material to make ceramic products. - Use as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the coupling (8) is a Hirth toothing.
- Use as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the end-face toothing (11) is arranged on rings (9, 10) which are welded onto the hub (12) of the single-thread screw and onto the hub (13) of the steeple-head screw.
- Use as claimed in one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on each side of the end-face toothing (11), at least 24 teeth, preferably 36 or 48 teeth, are provided.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9219197U DE9219197U1 (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1992-12-19 | Compound screw for an extruder for the ceramic industry |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4142653A DE4142653A1 (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1991-12-23 | COMPOSED SNAIL FOR AN EXTRUDER FOR THE CERAMIC INDUSTRY |
| DE4142653 | 1991-12-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0548861A1 EP0548861A1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| EP0548861B1 true EP0548861B1 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
Family
ID=6447937
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92121657A Revoked EP0548861B1 (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1992-12-19 | Assembled screw for an extruder used in the ceramic industry |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0548861B1 (en) |
| DE (3) | DE4142653A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202010003416U1 (en) | 2010-03-10 | 2010-05-27 | Coperion Gmbh | Extruder and screw shaft for an extruder |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10044776A1 (en) * | 2000-09-09 | 2002-04-04 | Wolfgang Richter | Two-part press screw |
| GB2431704B (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2008-12-03 | Cooper Cameron Corp | Replaceable hirth coupling component |
| DE102008021935B4 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2024-08-14 | Werkstoff + Funktion Grimmel Wassertechnik Gmbh | Screw press |
| DE102008028289B4 (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2021-07-15 | Leistritz Extrusionstechnik Gmbh | Extruder screw and extruder comprising at least one such extruder screw |
| CN103753694A (en) * | 2014-01-03 | 2014-04-30 | 程玉全 | Heating-eliminating broken belt type boosting double-line extrusion reamer |
| CN113732567B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-08-23 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Composite brazing filler metal friction extrusion preparation device and preparation method |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE162710C (en) * | ||||
| GB310680A (en) * | 1928-05-23 | 1929-05-02 | Percy Vavasseur Appleby | Improvements in or relating to feed or pressure worms, applicable for use in oil-pressing apparatus or the like |
| FR746987A (en) * | 1932-12-06 | 1933-06-09 | Improvement provided in the establishment of stretch-moulders for the ceramic industry | |
| DE1779711A1 (en) * | 1968-09-14 | 1971-09-09 | Eckert & Ziegler Gmbh | Injection molding machine |
| US3880267A (en) * | 1973-02-12 | 1975-04-29 | Gleason Works | Coupling device having means for relieving circumferential stresses |
| DE3714506A1 (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-11-10 | Wilfried Schraufstetter | Positive connection of two coaxial shaft components, particularly hollow shaft components |
| DE9115931U1 (en) * | 1991-12-23 | 1992-02-27 | Händle GmbH & Co. KG., 7130 Mühlacker | Composite screw for an extruder for the ceramic industry |
-
1991
- 1991-12-23 DE DE4142653A patent/DE4142653A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-12-19 EP EP92121657A patent/EP0548861B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1992-12-19 DE DE9219197U patent/DE9219197U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-19 DE DE59207125T patent/DE59207125D1/en not_active Revoked
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202010003416U1 (en) | 2010-03-10 | 2010-05-27 | Coperion Gmbh | Extruder and screw shaft for an extruder |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59207125D1 (en) | 1996-10-17 |
| EP0548861A1 (en) | 1993-06-30 |
| DE9219197U1 (en) | 1999-12-30 |
| DE4142653A1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
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