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EP0437772A1 - Boiling liquid cooling system for a liquid cooled internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Boiling liquid cooling system for a liquid cooled internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0437772A1
EP0437772A1 EP90124708A EP90124708A EP0437772A1 EP 0437772 A1 EP0437772 A1 EP 0437772A1 EP 90124708 A EP90124708 A EP 90124708A EP 90124708 A EP90124708 A EP 90124708A EP 0437772 A1 EP0437772 A1 EP 0437772A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling system
evaporative cooling
coolant
space
compensation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90124708A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0437772B1 (en
Inventor
Peter Dr. Steinberg
Peter Kinninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0437772A1 publication Critical patent/EP0437772A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0437772B1 publication Critical patent/EP0437772B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
    • F01P3/2271—Closed cycles with separator and liquid return
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P11/16—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning coolant temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/14—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01P11/18—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning coolant pressure, coolant flow, or liquid-coolant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/0285—Venting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/0204—Filling
    • F01P11/0209—Closure caps
    • F01P2011/0271—Semi-permeable, e.g. using Gore-Tex c fibres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2025/00—Measuring
    • F01P2025/08—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P2060/00—Cooling circuits using auxiliaries
    • F01P2060/08—Cabin heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of the first claim.
  • An evaporative cooling system of the generic type is known from Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ) No. 50 (1989), number 9, page 428.
  • This cooling system has the advantage that an increased operating temperature can be achieved at partial load, but that the same efficiencies as a conventional cooling system can be achieved at high loads.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop a generic evaporative cooling system in such a way that the additional space for an expansion tank can be dispensed with.
  • this object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim.
  • the solution is based on the basic idea that the cooling system is connected to the atmosphere depending on the temperature. The connection to the atmosphere is maintained as long as it is ensured that no steam can escape. If steam were to escape, this would mean a loss of liquid and thus a correspondingly increased liquid supply or a constant refilling of coolant. Both are prevented by the proposal according to the invention. Thus, even when the hot cooling system cools down and thus falls below a minimum temperature, the cooling system can be connected to the atmosphere again. This prevents negative pressure from developing in the cooling system.
  • Claim 2 specifies a simple possibility of how the temperature-dependent ventilation can be carried out with little expenditure on equipment.
  • the thermostatic valve is made of bimetal, for example.
  • the development according to claim 3 ensures that air can escape and that water is retained.
  • the air exchange itself takes place with the help of the pressure difference between the atmosphere and the cooling system on the molecular sieve.
  • the development according to claim 4 ensures that a filling opening is created at the same time, which corresponds to the lid in conventional cooling systems using cooling liquid as the heat transfer medium. This eliminates the need for a separate filler opening for the coolant.
  • Fig. 1 the schematic of the evaporative cooling according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the cylinder 1 and the cylinder head 2 of an engine 3, which is not otherwise shown in detail, are provided with cooling channels 4 and 5 or cooling chambers.
  • a flow line 6 branches off.
  • a steam separator 7 is installed in this flow line 6.
  • the steam separator 7 is divided into a lower space 9 and an upper space 10 by means of an overflow line 8.
  • the flow line 6 runs from the upper space 10 to a heat exchanger 11 working as a condenser.
  • This heat exchanger 11 has a coolant collecting space 12 in its lower region.
  • An equalization chamber 13 has a condensate reservoir 14 in the lower region. This is connected via a line 15 to the cooling water collecting space 12. Furthermore, the overflow line 8 opens into the storage space 14.
  • the return line 16 leads from the storage space 14 with the interposition of a condensate pump 17 and a heating heat exchanger 18 back into the cylinder 1.
  • the heating heat exchanger 18 is used to heat a passenger compartment of a vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine 3.
  • the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger 11 can be increased by means of a blower 19 which sucks in cooling air and presses it through the heat exchanger 11.
  • the upper space 10 of the steam separator and the part 6 'of the flow line 6 and the heat exchanger 11 and the compensation space 13 are filled with air in the cold state of the internal combustion engine 3, and with coolant vapor in the hot state.
  • the compensation space 13 is shown in more detail in FIG. 2. It is essentially tubular and has a closure cover 20 at its upper end.
  • the coolant supply 21 In its lower area, it has a coolant supply 21 due to the connecting line 15.
  • the level of the coolant supply depends on the temperature. It is at level I when the coolant is cold and at level II when the coolant is warm.
  • the fill level indicator 22 serves to control the coolant level. It consists of a float 23 floating at the current coolant level, which is connected via a connecting rod 24 to a viewing plate 25 in the area of the cover 20.
  • a separating labyrinth is formed below the cover 20 in the compensation space 13.
  • This consists of sloping sheets 26 which are alternately attached to the wall of the compensation space 13. These sheets are - as Fig. 2c shows - provided at their highest points with compensating holes 27. Furthermore, they have an essentially centrally arranged bore 28 for the passage of the connecting rod 24.
  • the slanted plates 26 have the task of liquid coolant, which u. U. is entrained by the air flowing to the cover 20 to separate.
  • the compensating holes 27 cause here that no air cushion can hold under the sloping sheets. Therefore, these compensating holes 27 are provided at the highest point of the sheets.
  • the passage 29 at the lower free end of the sheets 26 ensures that the separated coolant can flow off unhindered and that it is not closed by capillary action of the venting cross sections.
  • the closure cover 20 is shown in more detail in FIG. 3. It consists essentially of a handle part 30 which is firmly connected to an insert 31.
  • a temperature-controlled vent valve 32 as well as a molecular sieve 33 and a cover plate 34 are arranged in the insert 31.
  • the vent valve 32 and the molecular sieve 33 form a structural unit which are arranged in the housing 35.
  • the vent valve 32 which operates in a temperature-dependent manner - for example via a bimetal - is arranged at the inlet of the housing 35.
  • the molecular sieve 33 is constructed in the manner of a cartridge and divides the housing 35 into a separating space 36 and a coolant-free space 37.
  • the space 37 communicates with the space enclosed by the handle part 30 and the insert 31 via vent holes 38 in the cover plate 34. From there, holes 39 lead to the atmosphere.
  • the cover plate 34 is supported by a spring 40 on the inside of the handle part 30. With the interposition of a seal 41, the cover plate 34 rests on the insert 31. The seal 41 is arranged so that the holes 39 always remain open. In this way, the cover plate 34 forms a spring-loaded pressure relief valve.
  • the function of the compensation space 13 constructed according to the invention is explained in more detail below.
  • the vent valve 32 is opened. This creates a flow connection to the atmosphere via the ventilation valve 32, the separating space 36, the molecular sieve 33, the space 37, the ventilation holes 38 and the holes 39. This is shown in FIG. 3a.
  • the water Due to the inclined plates 26 and the bores 27 and the distance 29, the water is separated and only the steam reaches the vent valve 32. From there, the coolant vapor flows to the atmosphere in the same way as before. However, the coolant liquid contained in the coolant vapor is retained by the molecular sieve.
  • the molecular sieve has the task of letting air escape and retaining water. The air is exchanged via the sieve with the help of the pressure difference between the atmosphere and the interior of the cooling system. The separated liquid coolant then runs back to the coolant storage space on the inclined plates.
  • the vent valve 32 closes. This prevents vaporous coolant from escaping during operation and the liquid level within the cooling system thus drops.
  • the ventilation valve 32 gradually cools down. At a temperature of around 80 ° C, for example, it opens again. This creates a connection between the cooling system and the atmosphere.
  • Cooling creates a lower vacuum in the cooling system. This leads to the fact that the molecular sieve 33 again allows air to flow into the separating space 13 and the previously steam-filled spaces. The air exchange is completed when the pressure between the atmosphere and the cooling system is equalized.
  • the entire cover 20 is removed. Now coolant can be poured in through the separation chamber and the inclined plates. The height of the coolant level is indicated by the viewing plate 25. Then the compensation chamber 13 is closed again with the cover 20. The cooling system is then ready for use.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

In order to provide a venting facility on an evaporation cooling system for an internal combustion engine, it is proposed according to the invention to control this venting as a function of the temperature. At the same time means are provided to prevent an escape of water vapour until the venting valve has been actuated. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung der im Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs angegebenen Art.The invention relates to a device of the type specified in the preamble of the first claim.

Aus der Motortechnischen Zeitschrift (MTZ) Nr. 50 (1989), Heft 9, Seite 428, ist ein Verdampfungskühlsystem der gattungsgemäßen Art bekannt. Dieses Kühlsystem hat den Vorteil, daß eine erhöhte Betriebstemperatur bei Teillast realisiert werden kann, daß aber bei hoher Last die gleichen Wirkungsgrade wie ein konventionelles Kühlsystem erreicht werden.An evaporative cooling system of the generic type is known from Motortechnische Zeitschrift (MTZ) No. 50 (1989), number 9, page 428. This cooling system has the advantage that an increased operating temperature can be achieved at partial load, but that the same efficiencies as a conventional cooling system can be achieved at high loads.

Um bei diesem bekannten Verdampfungskühlsystem, welches im kalten Zustand nur teilweise mit Kühlmittel gefüllt ist, zu entlüften, ist ein geschlossener Ausgleichsbehälter mit einem variablen Volumen vorgesehen. Dieser Behälter benötigt jedoch zusätzlichen Bauraum. Darüber hinaus müssen zusätzliche Maßnahmen geschaffen werden, um dieses Verdampfungskühlsystem mit Kühlmittel zu befüllen.In order to vent in this known evaporative cooling system, which is only partially filled with coolant when cold, a closed expansion tank with a variable volume is provided. However, this container requires additional space. In addition, additional measures must be taken to fill this evaporative cooling system with coolant.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein gattungsgemäßes Verdampfungskühlsystem dahingehend weiterzubilden, daß auf den zusätzlichen Bauraum für einen Ausgleichsbehälter verzichtet werden kann.The object of the present invention is to develop a generic evaporative cooling system in such a way that the additional space for an expansion tank can be dispensed with.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des ersten Anspruchs gelöst. Die Lösung basiert auf dem Grundgedanken, daß das Kühlsystem temperaturabhängig mit der Atmosphäre in Verbindung gebracht wird. Hierbei wird die Verbindung zur Atmosphäre solange aufrechterhalten, wie sichergestellt ist, daß kein Dampf entweichen kann. Würde Dampf entweichen, so bedeutet dies einen Flüssigkeitsverlust und damit ein entsprechend erhöhter Flüssigkeitsvorrat oder ein ständiges Nachfüllen an Kühlflüssigkeit. Beides wird durch den erfindungsgemäßen Vorschlag verhindert. Somit kann auch beim Abkühlen des heißen Kühlsystems und damit Unterschreiten einer Mindesttemperatur wieder das Kühlsystem mit der Atmosphäre verbunden werden. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß im Kühlsystem ein Unterdruck entsteht.According to the invention, this object is achieved by the characterizing features of the first claim. The solution is based on the basic idea that the cooling system is connected to the atmosphere depending on the temperature. The connection to the atmosphere is maintained as long as it is ensured that no steam can escape. If steam were to escape, this would mean a loss of liquid and thus a correspondingly increased liquid supply or a constant refilling of coolant. Both are prevented by the proposal according to the invention. Thus, even when the hot cooling system cools down and thus falls below a minimum temperature, the cooling system can be connected to the atmosphere again. This prevents negative pressure from developing in the cooling system.

Anspruch 2 gibt eine einfache Möglichkeit an, wie die temperaturabhängige Entlüftung mit geringem gerätetechnischen Aufwand durchgeführt werden kann. Das Thermostatventil besteht beispielsweise aus Bimetall.Claim 2 specifies a simple possibility of how the temperature-dependent ventilation can be carried out with little expenditure on equipment. The thermostatic valve is made of bimetal, for example.

Durch die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 3 wird erreicht, daß Luft entweichen kann un daß Wasser zurückgehalten wird. Der Luftaustausch selbst geschieht mit Hilfe der Druckdifferenz zwischen der Atmosphäre und dem Kühlsystem an dem Molekularsieb.The development according to claim 3 ensures that air can escape and that water is retained. The air exchange itself takes place with the help of the pressure difference between the atmosphere and the cooling system on the molecular sieve.

Durch die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 4 wird erreicht, daß gleichzeitig eine Befüllöffnung geschaffen wird, die dem Deckel bei üblichen mit Kühlflüssigkeit als Wärmeträger arbeitenden Kühlsystemen entspricht. Damit wird eine separate Einfüllöffnung für das Kühlmittel überflüssig.The development according to claim 4 ensures that a filling opening is created at the same time, which corresponds to the lid in conventional cooling systems using cooling liquid as the heat transfer medium. This eliminates the need for a separate filler opening for the coolant.

Gleichzeitig ist es mit der Anordnung nach Anspruch 4 möglich, in diesem Deckel ein Überdruckventil zu integrieren. Dies schlägt Anspruch 5 vor. Damit ist eine druckabhängig arbeitende Verbindung zur Atmosphäre zusätzlich zur temperaturabhängig arbeitenden vorhanden.At the same time, it is possible with the arrangement according to claim 4 to integrate a pressure relief valve in this cover. This proposes claim 5. This creates a pressure-dependent connection to the atmosphere in addition to the temperature-dependent connection.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Baueinheit nach Anspruch 4 schlagen die Ansprüche 6 und 7 vor.Advantageous embodiments of the assembly according to claim 4 propose claims 6 and 7.

Durch die Weiterbildung nach Anspruch 8 bis 10 wird ein Abscheidesystem für flüssiges Kühlmittel gebildet. Mit diesen Merkmalen wird sichergestellt, daß praktisch keine mitgerissene Flüssigkeit zu dem Entlüftungsventil und dem Molekularsieb gelangt.Through the development according to claims 8 to 10, a separation system for liquid coolant is formed. These features ensure that virtually no entrained liquid reaches the vent valve and the molecular sieve.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Ausgleichsbehälters beschreibt Anspruch 11.A preferred embodiment of the expansion tank is described in claim 11.

Aufgrund der Ausbildung nach Anspruch 11 ist es möglich, den Grund des Ausgleichsbehälters als Kühlmittelvorratsraum auszubilden. Dies beschreibt Anspruch 12. Anspruch 13 beschreibt eine hierfür sinnvolle Füllstandsanzeige.Due to the design according to claim 11, it is possible to design the base of the expansion tank as a coolant storage space. This describes claim 12. Claim 13 describes a useful level indicator.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es stellen dar:

Fig. 1
den schematischen Aufbau des Verdampfungskühlsystems;
Fig. 2a-c
schematisierte Längsschnitte durch den Ausgleichsraum;
Fig. 3a,b
zwei diskrete Zustände des Entlüftungsventils und des Überdruckventils am oberen Ende des Ausgleichsraumes.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a preferred exemplary embodiment. They represent:
Fig. 1
the schematic structure of the evaporative cooling system;
2a-c
schematic longitudinal sections through the compensation space;
3a, b
two discrete states of the vent valve and the pressure relief valve at the upper end of the compensation chamber.

In Fig. 1 ist schematisiert das Schema der Verdampfungskühlung nach der Erfindung dargestellt. Hierbei ist der Zylinder 1 sowie der Zylinderkopf 2 eines sonst nicht näher dargestellten Motors 3 mit Kühlkanälen 4 und 5 bzw. Kühlräumen versehen.In Fig. 1 the schematic of the evaporative cooling according to the invention is shown schematically. The cylinder 1 and the cylinder head 2 of an engine 3, which is not otherwise shown in detail, are provided with cooling channels 4 and 5 or cooling chambers.

Am höchsten Punkt der Kühlräume 5 im Zylinderkopf 2 zweigt eine Vorlaufleitung 6 ab. In dieser Vorlaufleitung 6 ist ein Dampfabscheider 7 eingebaut. Der Dampfabscheider 7 ist mit Hilfe einer Überlaufleitung 8 in einen unteren Raum 9 und einen oberen Raum 10 unterteilt. Aus dem oberen Raum 10 verläuft die Vorlaufleitung 6 zu einem als Kondensator arbeitenden Wärmetauscher 11. Dieser Wärmetauscher 11 weist in seinem unteren Bereich einen Kühlmittelsammelraum 12 auf.At the highest point of the cooling rooms 5 in the cylinder head 2, a flow line 6 branches off. A steam separator 7 is installed in this flow line 6. The steam separator 7 is divided into a lower space 9 and an upper space 10 by means of an overflow line 8. The flow line 6 runs from the upper space 10 to a heat exchanger 11 working as a condenser. This heat exchanger 11 has a coolant collecting space 12 in its lower region.

Ein Ausgleichsraum 13 weist im unteren Bereich einen Kondensatvorratsraum 14 auf. Dieser ist über eine Leitung 15 mit dem Kühlwassersammelraum 12 verbunden. Weiterhin mündet die Überlaufleitung 8 in den Vorratsraum 14. Aus dem Vorratsraum 14 führt die Rücklaufleitung 16 unter Zwischenschaltung einer Kondensatpumpe 17 und eines Heizungswärmetauschers 18 zurück in den Zylinder 1. Der Heizungswärmetauscher 18 dient zum Beheizen eines Fahrgastraumes eines von der Brennkraftmaschine 3 angetriebenen Fahrzeugs.An equalization chamber 13 has a condensate reservoir 14 in the lower region. This is connected via a line 15 to the cooling water collecting space 12. Furthermore, the overflow line 8 opens into the storage space 14. The return line 16 leads from the storage space 14 with the interposition of a condensate pump 17 and a heating heat exchanger 18 back into the cylinder 1. The heating heat exchanger 18 is used to heat a passenger compartment of a vehicle driven by the internal combustion engine 3.

Die Kühlleistung des Wärmetauschers 11 kann über ein Gebläse 19, welches Kühlluft ansaugt und durch den Wärmetauscher 11 drückt, gesteigert werden.The cooling capacity of the heat exchanger 11 can be increased by means of a blower 19 which sucks in cooling air and presses it through the heat exchanger 11.

Der Zylinder 1 sowie der Zylinderkopf 2 - bei mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschinen sämtliche Zylinder und der gesamte Zylinderkopf - sowie die Vorlaufleitung 6 bis zum Raum 9 des Dampfabscheiders 7 sind mit flüssigem Kühlmittel gefüllt. Weiterhin mit flüssigem Kühlmittel gefüllt sind der Kondensatvorratsraum 14 und die Rücklaufleitung 16 mit dem Heizungswärmetauscher 18 und evtl. die Überlaufleitung 8.The cylinder 1 and the cylinder head 2 - in the case of multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, all the cylinders and the entire cylinder head - and the feed line 6 to the space 9 of the steam separator 7 are filled with liquid coolant. The condensate reservoir 14 and the return line 16 with the heating heat exchanger 18 and possibly the overflow line 8 are also filled with liquid coolant.

Der obere Raum 10 des Dampfabscheiders sowie der Teil 6' der Vorlaufleitung 6 und der Wärmetauscher 11 sowie der Ausgleichsraum 13 sind im kalten Zustand der Brennkraftmaschine 3 mit Luft gefüllt, im heißen Zustand mit Kühlmitteldampf.The upper space 10 of the steam separator and the part 6 'of the flow line 6 and the heat exchanger 11 and the compensation space 13 are filled with air in the cold state of the internal combustion engine 3, and with coolant vapor in the hot state.

In Fig. 2 ist der Ausgleichsraum 13 näher dargestellt. Er ist im wesentlichen rohrförmig aufgebaut und besitzt an seinem oberen Ende einen Verschlußdeckel 20.The compensation space 13 is shown in more detail in FIG. 2. It is essentially tubular and has a closure cover 20 at its upper end.

In seinem unteren Bereich weist er aufgrund der Verbindungsleitung 15 einen Kühlmittelvorrat 21 auf. Die Höhe des Kühlmittelvorrats ist temperaturabhängig. Bei kaltem Kühlmittel befindet sich dieses auf dem Niveau I, bei warmem Kühlmittel auf dem Niveau II.In its lower area, it has a coolant supply 21 due to the connecting line 15. The level of the coolant supply depends on the temperature. It is at level I when the coolant is cold and at level II when the coolant is warm.

Zur Kontrolle des Kühlmittelstandes dient die Füllstandsanzeige 22. Diese besteht aus einem auf dem augenblicklichen Kühlmittelniveau aufschwimmenden Schwimmer 23, der über eine Verbindungsstange 24 mit einer Sichtplatte 25 im Bereich des Deckels 20 verbunden ist.The fill level indicator 22 serves to control the coolant level. It consists of a float 23 floating at the current coolant level, which is connected via a connecting rod 24 to a viewing plate 25 in the area of the cover 20.

Unterhalb des Deckels 20 ist in dem Ausgleichsraum 13 ein Abscheidelabyrinth gebildet. Dies besteht aus schrägstehenden Blechen 26, die abwechselnd an der Wand des Ausgleichsraumes 13 befestigt sind. Diese Bleche sind - wie Fig. 2c zeigt - an ihren höchsten Stellen mit Ausgleichsbohrungen 27 versehen. Weiterhin weisen sie eine im wesentlichen zentral angeordnete Bohrung 28 zum Durchtritt der Verbindungsstange 24 auf.A separating labyrinth is formed below the cover 20 in the compensation space 13. This consists of sloping sheets 26 which are alternately attached to the wall of the compensation space 13. These sheets are - as Fig. 2c shows - provided at their highest points with compensating holes 27. Furthermore, they have an essentially centrally arranged bore 28 for the passage of the connecting rod 24.

Die schräggestellten Bleche 26 haben die Aufgabe, flüssiges Kühlmittel, das u. U. von der zu dem Deckel 20 strömenden Luft mitgerissen wird, abzuscheiden. Die Ausgleichsbohrungen 27 bewirken hierbei, daß sich unter den schrägstehenden Blechen kein Luftpolster halten kann. Deshalb sind diese Ausgleichsbohrungen 27 am höchsten Punkt der Bleche vorgesehen.The slanted plates 26 have the task of liquid coolant, which u. U. is entrained by the air flowing to the cover 20 to separate. The compensating holes 27 cause here that no air cushion can hold under the sloping sheets. Therefore, these compensating holes 27 are provided at the highest point of the sheets.

Der Durchtritt 29 am unteren freien Ende der Bleche 26 gewährleistet, daß abgeschiedenes Kühlmittel ungehindert abfließen kann und daß er nicht durch Kapillarwirkung der Entlüfungsquerschnitte verschlossen wird.The passage 29 at the lower free end of the sheets 26 ensures that the separated coolant can flow off unhindered and that it is not closed by capillary action of the venting cross sections.

Der Verschlußdeckel 20 ist in Fig. 3 näher dargestellt. Er besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Griffteil 30, das mit einem Einsatz 31 fest verbunden ist. In dem Einsatz 31 sind ein temperaturgesteuertes Entlüftungsventil 32 sowie ein Molekularsieb 33 und eine Abdeckplatte 34 angeordnet. Das Entlüftungsventil 32 sowie das Molekularsieb 33 bilden eine Baueinheit, die in dem Gehäuse 35 angeordnet sind. Hierbei ist das Entlüftungsventil 32, welches temperaturabhängig - beispielsweise über ein Bimetall - arbeitet, am Eingang des Gehäuses 35 angeordnet. Das Molekularsieb 33 ist patronenartig aufgebaut und teilt das Gehäuse 35 in einen Abscheideraum 36 und einen kühlmittelfreien Raum 37. Über Entlüftungsbohrungen 38 in der Abdeckplatte 34 steht der Raum 37 mit dem vom Griffteil 30 und dem Einsatz 31 umschlossenen Raum in Verbindung. Von dort führen Bohrungen 39 zur Atmosphäre.The closure cover 20 is shown in more detail in FIG. 3. It consists essentially of a handle part 30 which is firmly connected to an insert 31. A temperature-controlled vent valve 32 as well as a molecular sieve 33 and a cover plate 34 are arranged in the insert 31. The vent valve 32 and the molecular sieve 33 form a structural unit which are arranged in the housing 35. In this case, the vent valve 32, which operates in a temperature-dependent manner - for example via a bimetal - is arranged at the inlet of the housing 35. The molecular sieve 33 is constructed in the manner of a cartridge and divides the housing 35 into a separating space 36 and a coolant-free space 37. The space 37 communicates with the space enclosed by the handle part 30 and the insert 31 via vent holes 38 in the cover plate 34. From there, holes 39 lead to the atmosphere.

Die Abdeckplatte 34 stützt sich über eine Feder 40 an der Innenseite des Griffteils 30 ab. Unter Zwischenschaltung einer Dichtung 41 liegt die Abdeckplatte 34 auf dem Einsatz 31 auf. Dabei ist die Dichtung 41 so angeordnet, daß die Bohrungen 39 stets offen bleiben. Auf diese Art und Weise bildet die Abdeckplatte 34 ein federbelastetes Überdruckventil.The cover plate 34 is supported by a spring 40 on the inside of the handle part 30. With the interposition of a seal 41, the cover plate 34 rests on the insert 31. The seal 41 is arranged so that the holes 39 always remain open. In this way, the cover plate 34 forms a spring-loaded pressure relief valve.

Im folgenden wird die Funktion des erfindungsgemäß aufgebauten Ausgleichsraumes 13 näher erläutert. Im kalten Zustand befindet sich im Ausgleichsraum 13 Umgebungsluft. Dementsprechend ist das Entlüftungsventil 32 geöffnet. Somit entsteht eine Strömungsverbindung zur Atmosphäre über das Entlüftungsvenil 32, den Abscheideraum 36, das Molekularsieb 33, den Raum 37, die Entlüftungsbohrungen 38 und die Bohrungen 39. Dies ist in Fig. 3a dargestellt.The function of the compensation space 13 constructed according to the invention is explained in more detail below. In the cold state, there is ambient air in the compensation space 13. Accordingly, the vent valve 32 is opened. This creates a flow connection to the atmosphere via the ventilation valve 32, the separating space 36, the molecular sieve 33, the space 37, the ventilation holes 38 and the holes 39. This is shown in FIG. 3a.

Sobald die Brennkraftmaschine in Betrieb ist, erwärmt sich das im Zylinder 1 und im Zylinderkopf 2 in den Kühlmittelräumen 4 und 5 befindliche Wasser. Ab einer gewissen Temperatur bildet sich Dampf, der über den Dampfabscheider und den Leitungsabschnitt 6' in den Wärmetauscher 11 strömt. Aufgrund des langsamen Befüllens des Leitungsabschnittes 6' und des Wärmetauschers 11 mit Dampf wird die dort vorhandene Luft über die Verbindungsleitung 15 in den Ausgleichsraum 13 verdrängt. Sie steigt durch das Abscheidelabyrinth hoch und gelangt dort zu dem geöffneten Entlüftungsventil 32. Von dort strömt sie weiter in den Abscheideraum 36 und gelangt durch das Molekularsieb 33 in den Raum 37. Von dort aus kann sie über die Entlüftungsbohrungen 38 und 39 zur Atmosphäre weiterströmen.As soon as the internal combustion engine is in operation, the water located in the cylinder 1 and in the cylinder head 2 in the coolant spaces 4 and 5 heats up. At a certain temperature, steam forms, which flows into the heat exchanger 11 via the steam separator and the line section 6 ′. Due to the slow filling of the line section 6 ′ and the heat exchanger 11 with steam, the air present there is displaced into the equalization space 13 via the connecting line 15. It rises through the separating labyrinth and arrives at the opened vent valve 32. From there it flows further into the separating space 36 and through the molecular sieve 33 into the space 37. From there it can continue to flow to the atmosphere via the vent holes 38 and 39.

Sobald die Luft vollständig aus dem Kühlsystem entwichen ist, gelangt Kühlmitteldampf in den Ausgleichsraum 13.As soon as the air has completely escaped from the cooling system, coolant vapor enters the compensation space 13.

Aufgrund der schräggestellten Bleche 26 und der Bohrungen 27 sowie des Abstandes 29 wird das Wasser abgeschieden und nur noch der Dampf gelangt zu dem Entlüftungsventil 32. Von dort strömt der Kühlmitteldampf auf dem gleichen Wege wie vorher die Luft zur Atmosphäre. Allerdings wird die im Kühlmitteldampf enthaltene Kühlmittelflüssigkeit durch das Molekularsieb zurückgehalten. Das Molekularsieb hat die Aufgabe, Luft entweichen zu lassen und Wasser zurückzuhalten. Der Luftaustausch über das Sieb geschieht mit Hilfe der Druckdifferenz zwischen der Atmosphäre und dem Inneren des Kühlsystems. Das abgeschiedene flüssige Kühlmittel läuft dann an den schräggestellten Blechen zurück wieder in den Kühlmittelvorratsraum.Due to the inclined plates 26 and the bores 27 and the distance 29, the water is separated and only the steam reaches the vent valve 32. From there, the coolant vapor flows to the atmosphere in the same way as before. However, the coolant liquid contained in the coolant vapor is retained by the molecular sieve. The molecular sieve has the task of letting air escape and retaining water. The air is exchanged via the sieve with the help of the pressure difference between the atmosphere and the interior of the cooling system. The separated liquid coolant then runs back to the coolant storage space on the inclined plates.

Sobald der Kühlmitteldampf heiß genug ist, beispielsweise ca. 95° C, schließt das Entlüftungsventil 32. Dadurch wird verhindert, daß während des Betriebes dampfförmiges Kühlmittel entweichen kann und so der Flüssigkeitsstand innerhalb des Kühlsystems sinkt.As soon as the coolant vapor is hot enough, for example approx. 95 ° C., the vent valve 32 closes. This prevents vaporous coolant from escaping during operation and the liquid level within the cooling system thus drops.

Wird die Brennkraftmaschine 3 nach dem Betrieb abgestellt, so kühlt sich das Entlüftungsventil 32 allmählich ab. Bei einer Temperatur von beispielsweise ca. 80° C öffnet es wieder. Dadurch wird wieder eine Verbindung zwischen dem Kühlsystem und der Atmosphäre hergestellt.If the internal combustion engine 3 is switched off after operation, the ventilation valve 32 gradually cools down. At a temperature of around 80 ° C, for example, it opens again. This creates a connection between the cooling system and the atmosphere.

Durch die Abkühlung entsteht ein geringerer Unterdruck im Kühlsystem. Dieser führt dazu, daß das Molekularsieb 33 wieder Luft in den Abscheideraum 13 und die vorher dampfgefüllten Räume strömen läßt. Der Luftaustausch ist bei Druckausgleich zwischen der Atmosphäre und dem Kühlsystem abgeschlossen.Cooling creates a lower vacuum in the cooling system. This leads to the fact that the molecular sieve 33 again allows air to flow into the separating space 13 and the previously steam-filled spaces. The air exchange is completed when the pressure between the atmosphere and the cooling system is equalized.

In Fig. 3b ist der Zustand dargestellt, der eintritt, wenn bei arbeitendem Kühlsystem der zulässige Systemdruck überschritten wird. In diesem Fall öffnet dann die Abdeckplatte 34 mitsamt dem Gehäuse 35 gegen die Kraft der Feder 40. Dadurch wird der Ventilsitz an der Dichtung 41 frei und Dampf kann zwischen dem Einsatz 31 und dem Gehäuse 35 zu den Bohrungen 39 strömen. Sobald der Systemdruck wieder sinkt, drückt die Feder 40 die Abdeckplatte 34 wieder über die Dichtung 41 auf den Einsatz 31. Somit ist die Strömungsverbindung vom Ausgleichsraum 13 zur Atmosphäre wieder unterbunden.3b shows the state that occurs when the permissible system pressure is exceeded while the cooling system is operating. In this case, the cover plate 34 together with the housing 35 then opens against the force of the spring 40. This frees the valve seat on the seal 41 and steam can flow between the insert 31 and the housing 35 to the bores 39. As soon as the system pressure drops again, the spring 40 presses the cover plate 34 onto the insert 31 again via the seal 41. The flow connection from the equalization chamber 13 to the atmosphere is thus prevented again.

Zum erstmaligen oder wiederholten Befüllen des Kühlsystems, beispielsweise nach dessen öffnen und Wiederverschließen zu Reparaturzwecken, wird der gesamte Deckel 20 abgenommen. Nunmehr kann Kühlmittel durch den Abscheideraum und die schräggestellten Bleche eingefüllt werden. Die Höhe des Kühlmittelstandes wird durch die Sichtplatte 25 angezeigt. Sodann wird mit dem Deckel 20 der Ausgleichsraum 13 wieder verschlossen. Das Kühlsystem ist dann betriebsbereit.For the first or repeated filling of the cooling system, for example after it has been opened and reclosed for repair purposes, the entire cover 20 is removed. Now coolant can be poured in through the separation chamber and the inclined plates. The height of the coolant level is indicated by the viewing plate 25. Then the compensation chamber 13 is closed again with the cover 20. The cooling system is then ready for use.

Claims (13)

Verdampfungskühlsystem für eine flüssigkeitsgekühlte Brennkraftmaschine, deren Kühlmittelmantel vollständig mit Kühlmittel gefüllt ist, mit einem in der Vorlaufleitung zum Kondensator an einem Hochpunkt angeordneten Dampfabscheider sowie einer in der Rücklaufleitung vom Kondensator zum Kühlmantel angeordneten Kondensatpumpe sowie einer vom Dampfabscheider parallel zum Kondensator angeordneten Verbindungsleitung zur Rücklaufleitung und einem an den Dampfraum des Kondensators angeschlossenen Ausgleichsraum,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgleichsraum (13) bei kaltem Kühlmittel mit der Atmosphäre verbunden ist und bei Betriebstemperatur des Kühlmittels von der Atmosphäre getrennt ist.Evaporative cooling system for a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine, the coolant jacket of which is completely filled with coolant, with a steam separator arranged in the feed line to the condenser at a high point, and a condensate pump arranged in the return line from the condenser to the cooling jacket, and a connecting line arranged parallel to the condenser to the return line and a steam separator compensation chamber connected to the vapor space of the condenser,
characterized in that the compensation chamber (13) is connected to the atmosphere when the coolant is cold and is separated from the atmosphere at the operating temperature of the coolant. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Ausgleichsraum (13) ein temperaturgesteuertes Entlüftungsventil (32) vorgesehen ist.Evaporative cooling system according to claim 1,
characterized in that a temperature-controlled vent valve (32) is provided in the compensation chamber (13). Verdampfungskühlsystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Entlüftungsventil (32) ein Molekularsieb (33) angeordnet ist.Evaporative cooling system according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that a molecular sieve (33) is arranged downstream of the vent valve (32) in the direction of flow. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entlüftungsventil (32) und das Molekularsieb (33) zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefaßt sind und an einem den Ausgleichsraum (13) verschließenden Deckel (20) befestigt sind.Evaporative cooling system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the vent valve (32) and the molecular sieve (33) are combined to form a structural unit and are fastened to a cover (20) which closes the compensation chamber (13). Verdampfungskühlsystem nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Baueinheit in einem Gehäuse (35) angeordnet ist, das an einer federbelasteten Abdeckplatte (34) befestigt ist, die als Überdruckventil ausgelegt ist.Evaporative cooling system according to claim 4,
characterized in that the structural unit is arranged in a housing (35) which is fastened to a spring-loaded cover plate (34) which is designed as a pressure relief valve. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach Anspruch 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Abdeckplatte (34) Entlüftungsbohrungen (38) eingearbeitet sind, die innerhalb des Gehäuses (35) liegen und mit der Atmosphäre eine Strömungsverbindung (Bohrungen 39) aufweisen.Evaporative cooling system according to claim 5,
characterized in that ventilation bores (38) are incorporated in the cover plate (34) which lie within the housing (35) and have a flow connection (bores 39) with the atmosphere. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Molekularsieb (33) als zylinderförmige Patrone ausgebildet ist, in deren Zentrum ein Stützrohr für das temperaturgesteuerte Ventil (32) vorgesehen ist.Evaporative cooling system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the molecular sieve (33) is designed as a cylindrical cartridge, in the center of which a support tube for the temperature-controlled valve (32) is provided. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Ausgleichsraum (13) ein aus stufenförmig, schrägstehenden Blechen (26) geschaffenes Abscheidelabyrinth vorgesehen ist.Evaporative cooling system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that a separating labyrinth made of step-shaped, inclined metal sheets (26) is provided in the compensating space (13). Verdampfungskühlsystem nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die schrägstehenden Bleche (26) an ihrer höchsten Stelle Ausgleichsbohrungen (27) aufweisen.Evaporative cooling system according to claim 8,
characterized in that the sloping plates (26) have compensating bores (27) at their highest point. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach Anspruch 8 oder 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die tiefsten Stellen der Bleche (26) einen Abstand (29) zur Wand des Ausgleichsraumes (13) aufweist.Evaporative cooling system according to claim 8 or 9,
characterized in that the deepest points of the sheets (26) are at a distance (29) from the wall of the compensation space (13). Verdampfungskühlsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgleichsraum (13) aus einem Rohr besteht.Evaporative cooling system according to one of claims 8 to 10,
characterized in that the compensation space (13) consists of a tube. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ausgleichsraum (13) an seinem Grund einen Kühlmittelvorratsraum (14) aufweist, in dem eine Füllstandsanzeige (22) vorgesehen ist.Evaporative cooling system according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the compensation space (13) has a coolant storage space (14) at its base, in which a fill level indicator (22) is provided. Verdampfungskühlsystem nach Anspruch 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Füllstandsanzeige (22) aus einem Schwimmer (23) besteht, der mit einer im Bereich des Deckels angeordneten Sichtplatte (25) in Verbindung steht.Evaporative cooling system according to claim 12,
characterized in that the level indicator (22) consists of a float (23) which is connected to a viewing plate (25) arranged in the area of the cover.
EP90124708A 1990-01-17 1990-12-19 Boiling liquid cooling system for a liquid cooled internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0437772B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE4001208 1990-01-17
DE4001208A DE4001208A1 (en) 1990-01-17 1990-01-17 EVAPORATION COOLING SYSTEM FOR A LIQUID-COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

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EP0437772A1 true EP0437772A1 (en) 1991-07-24
EP0437772B1 EP0437772B1 (en) 1993-05-12

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ES (1) ES2041111T3 (en)

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EP0545789A1 (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-09 Valeo Thermique Moteur Expansion tank for a boiling liquid cooling circuit
FR2752016A1 (en) * 1996-07-31 1998-02-06 Renault Cooling system for internal combustion engine
CN105709869A (en) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-29 中国航空工业集团公司航空动力控制系统研究所 Low temperature kerosene supply device
CN106837597A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-13 杨永顺 Modular liquid piston engine and boiler

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DE4342292A1 (en) * 1993-12-11 1995-06-14 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Partly flooded vaporised cooling system for IC engine
DE4428208B4 (en) * 1994-08-09 2007-03-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Device for detecting lack of fluid
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FR2752016A1 (en) * 1996-07-31 1998-02-06 Renault Cooling system for internal combustion engine
CN105709869A (en) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-29 中国航空工业集团公司航空动力控制系统研究所 Low temperature kerosene supply device
CN105709869B (en) * 2014-12-03 2017-11-03 中国航空工业集团公司航空动力控制系统研究所 A kind of low temperature kerosene feedway
CN106837597A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-13 杨永顺 Modular liquid piston engine and boiler
CN106837597B (en) * 2017-03-03 2018-08-17 杨永顺 modular liquid piston engine and boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4001208A1 (en) 1991-07-18
US5111777A (en) 1992-05-12
EP0437772B1 (en) 1993-05-12
ES2041111T3 (en) 1993-11-01
DE59001445D1 (en) 1993-06-17

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