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EP0434924A1 - Apparatus for drilling an offset or side-tracked well, especially from a cased well - Google Patents

Apparatus for drilling an offset or side-tracked well, especially from a cased well Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0434924A1
EP0434924A1 EP90120537A EP90120537A EP0434924A1 EP 0434924 A1 EP0434924 A1 EP 0434924A1 EP 90120537 A EP90120537 A EP 90120537A EP 90120537 A EP90120537 A EP 90120537A EP 0434924 A1 EP0434924 A1 EP 0434924A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting tool
deflection
starting
wedge unit
borehole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90120537A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0434924B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Dr.-Ing. Jürgens
Dietmar Krehl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baker Hughes Holdings LLC
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Baker Hughes Inc
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0434924A1 publication Critical patent/EP0434924A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0434924B1 publication Critical patent/EP0434924B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
    • E21B29/06—Cutting windows, e.g. directional window cutters for whipstock operations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for drilling a secondary or deflection bore of a particularly cased borehole in underground rock or earth formations according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a packer When creating a conventional borehole deflection from z. B. the pipe wall of a cased borehole, a packer is first placed in the borehole, a deflecting wedge unit having a wedge surface is oriented in a certain direction and fixed to the packer via an anchor device.
  • the deflection wedge unit is conventionally fastened to a start cutting tool via a shear pin connection and introduced into the borehole with the drill string having the start cutting tool.
  • the conventionally used starting tool has a front cone oriented towards the deflection wedge unit, which cone forms a deflection guide which interacts with the deflection wedge piece at the upper end of the deflection wedge unit.
  • the start cutting tool is located after the initiation of the deflection process in an area of the borehole where its front or front cutting surfaces no longer come to rest on the front edge of the deflection wedge unit .
  • a guide element that cannot be cut such as a cone part, cannot hinder the progress of the tool.
  • the start cutting tool is located after the start cutting or milling process with its end face in the casing and is fully cutable without fear of destroying the deflection wedge unit. It is therefore not necessary to pull the strand and replace the starting cutting tool when a drilling progress corresponding to the length of the deflection guide has been reached. The associated time savings are considerable.
  • the design of the device according to the invention thus creates the prerequisite for arranging further milling tools after the leading cutting tool in order to cut out and expand the window with a drilling set, Carry out clearing work and make the deflection hole until you can continue working with a conventional drilling set.
  • the deflection wedge unit preferably comprises a deflection ramp engaging behind the starting cutting tool or the leading tool in the starting position and interacting with the deflection guide.
  • the deflection guide of the starting cutting tool is formed by a downstream, tapered tool holder area.
  • This can then be followed directly by other cutting tools, e.g. B. a milling tool with a larger cutting diameter than the cutting tool, with which the cut borehole window in the casing area is to be expanded.
  • Such a milling tool can be followed by a further broaching tool with a larger cutting diameter than the first downstream tool.
  • there is the possibility of adding further broaching tools if the broaching capacity should not be sufficient in the individual case.
  • the device according to the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises a packer 1 and a deflecting wedge unit 2 with a deflecting wedge surface 3.
  • the packer 1 and the deflecting wedge unit 2 are designed as a complete structural unit and therefore together in one borehole to be determined.
  • the deflection wedge unit 2 or the deflection wedge surface 3 should have a deflection or deflection angle of approximately 2 ° to 3 ° in the illustrated exemplary embodiment.
  • the deflecting wedge surface 3 consists of a tempered high-performance steel, so that a milling tool can be guided along this while simultaneously cutting out a casing tube window without having to fear destruction of the wedge surface.
  • the deflection wedge unit 2 is connected directly to the packer 1 and has a hydraulic passage 4 in order to place the packer 1 together with the deflection wedge unit 2 in the borehole. Otherwise, the deflecting wedge unit 2 also comprises a hydraulic line on the rear side, which is not visible in the illustration according to FIG.
  • the hose 5 is to be connected to the start cutting tool numbered 6 and thus creates a direct connection to the flushing supply, but at the same time also closes the flushing openings of the starting cutting tool 6 that are not visible in the drawing.
  • the deflection guide 9 of the leading cutting tool 6 is arranged in the form of a tapering tool holder area in the tool holder area under the downstream milling cutting tool 7, which is therefore also arranged downstream of the cutting tool 6 in the direction of drilling progress.
  • the deflecting wedge unit 2 in turn comprises the start cutting tool at its upper end facing the drill rods of the drill string, generally numbered 10 6 engaging deflection ramp 11. Not visible in detail is fixed in the region of the deflection ramp 11 of the starting cutting tool 6 via a shear pin connection for setting and positioning the device on the deflection wedge unit 2 and thus also on the packer 1.
  • the deflection ramp 11 in turn has a deflection wedge surface 13 against which the lower region of the deflection guide 9 rests at the start of a deflection or window cutting process. 2, the deflection guide 9 projects beyond the wedge surface 13 of the deflection ramp 11, so that the starting cutting tool 6 can be deflected away from the longitudinal axis of the borehole via the deflection guide 9 and the deflection wedge surface 13 of the deflection ramp 11 without first to come into contact with the deflecting wedge surface 3 of the deflecting wedge unit 2.
  • the milling cutting tool 7 immediately downstream of the starting cutting tool 6 in the direction of the drilling progress has an outer cutting diameter which is larger than the outer diameter of the starting cutting tool 6, but does not yet correspond to the diameter of the deflection bore to be created.
  • a cut window is to be expanded with the milling cutter tool 7.
  • Above the milling cutter 14 of the first subordinate cutting tool 7, the latter is so flexible via a constriction 15 that it can be deflected to a certain extent, so that material loads due to bending moments that occur during deflection can be kept low.
  • the tool 7 is followed by a further tool 7.2, which is also equipped with a milling cutter 16.
  • the tool 7.2 also includes a constriction 17 and is therefore also flexible in order to reduce the material loads that occur.
  • the milling cutter 16 of the tool 7.2 has an outer cutting diameter which corresponds essentially to the diameter of the finished deflection bore to be produced and thus forms a broaching tool. Additional cutting tools or milling cutters can be connected between the broaching tool 7.2 and the strand 10, if in the respective individual case the existing clearing capacity should not be sufficient.
  • the packer / deflecting wedge complete unit together with the tools 6, 7, 7.2 are to be mounted on the derrick, wherein the deflecting wedge unit 2 and milling cutters 6, 7, 7.2 are to be aligned .
  • Packer 1, deflection wedge unit 2 and milling tools 6, 7, 7.2 are then lowered into the borehole. Once the desired depth has been reached, the deflection wedge unit 2 is to be aligned using special tools and the packer 1 is set by means of overpressure via the hydraulic passages 4 of the deflection wedge unit 2.
  • the connecting bolts between the starting cutting tool 6 and the deflection unit 2 are then to be sheared off, after which the device is ready for the deflection or window cutting process to be carried out.
  • the cutting tool unit is put into operation, with the starting cutting tool 6 first cutting a window in the borehole wall when the deflection guide 9 moves downward along the deflection wedge surface 13 of the deflection ramp 11 before it comes into contact with the deflection wedge surface 3 of the deflection wedge unit 2 as part of a further downward movement ( 3A). This ensures that the deflecting wedge unit 2 is not damaged in its upper region via the starting cutting tool 6, but that the starting cutting tool 6 can be used for the window cutting process.
  • the downstream cutting tool 7 first mills away the deflection ramp 11 in some areas, but in doing so also expands the window in the borehole wall cut by the starting cutting tool 6 (FIG. 3B).
  • the cutting tool 6, which now rests on the deflecting wedge surface 3 of the deflecting wedge unit 2 takes over the guidance and can safely slide along the deflecting wedge surface 3, which is made of tempered high-performance steel, without causing damage.
  • the start cutting tool After further drilling progress, the start cutting tool has 6 the casing wall directly below its center, which is noticeable by a reduced torque with decreasing drilling progress.
  • the load is therefore expediently initially increased further in order to bring the starting cutting tool 6 out of this position.
  • the window area is to be expanded and cleared with the milling cutter 16 or the further downstream cutting tool 7.2, the starting cutting tool 6 drilling further into the formation until it is ensured that that the milling tool 7.2 has completely passed through the drilling wall area.
  • the drill string can be exchanged for a standard drill set.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for drilling an offset or side-tracked well, especially from a cased well in underground rock or earth formations, having a deflector-wedge unit 2 which can be fixed in the well by means of a packer 1 as well as having a starting cutting tool 6, which can be fastened on a drill string 10 and is for cutting a well window, assigned to which is a deflecting guide 9, which is in effective connection with the deflector-wedge unit 2 and is for initiating a deflecting operation. In order in particular to be able to produce a well window with a reduced amount of work and consequently in less time, the deflecting guide 9 is arranged after the starting cutting tool 6 in the direction in which drilling progresses (Fig. 2).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Bohren einer Neben- oder Ablenkbohrung eines inbesondere verrohrten Bohrlochs in unterirdischen Gesteins- oder Erdformationen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for drilling a secondary or deflection bore of a particularly cased borehole in underground rock or earth formations according to the preamble of claim 1.

Beim Erstellen einer Bohrlochablenkung konventioneller Art aus z. B. der Rohrwandung eines verrohrten Bohrloches wird in dem Bohrloch zunächst ein Packer gesetzt, eine eine Keilfläche aufweisende Ablenkkeileinheit in bestimmte Richtung orientiert und über eine Ankervorrichtung an dem Packer festgelegt. Die Ablenkkeileinheit wird dabei herkömmlicherweise über eine Scherbolzenverbindung an einem Startschneidwerkzeug befestigt und mit dem das Startschneidwerkzeug aufweisenden Bohrstrang in das Bohrloch eingebracht. Das herkömmlicherweise eingesetzte Startwerkzeug hat einen vorderen, zur Ablenkkeileinheit hin orientierten Kegel, der eine mit dem Ablenkkeilstück am oberen Ende der Ablenkkeileinheit zusammenwirkende Ablenkführung bildet. Nach Abscheren der Bolzenverbindung ist mit dem Startwerkzeug während der ablenkenden Abwärtsbewegung des Kegels in den Rohrwandungsbereich ein Fenster anzufräsen. Ist der Kegel jedoch an dem Ablenkkeilstück entlanggelaufen, befindet sich das Startwerkzeug noch mit seiner Stirnfläche direkt oberhalb der Ablenkkeileinheit und damit in seiner Schneidendstellung. Der Kegel des Startwerkzeuges verklemmt sich zwischen Ablenkkeilstück und Rohrwand. Mithin ist für die weiteren notwendigen Schneidarbeiten zur Erstellung der Ablenkarbeiten wie Auffräsen, Erweitern und Aufräumen des Fensters der eingesetzte Bohrstrang mehrfach zu ziehen, mit neuen Schneidwerkzeugen zu versehen und wieder abzulassen. Der damit einhergehende Arbeits- und Montageaufwand ist erheblich.When creating a conventional borehole deflection from z. B. the pipe wall of a cased borehole, a packer is first placed in the borehole, a deflecting wedge unit having a wedge surface is oriented in a certain direction and fixed to the packer via an anchor device. The deflection wedge unit is conventionally fastened to a start cutting tool via a shear pin connection and introduced into the borehole with the drill string having the start cutting tool. The conventionally used starting tool has a front cone oriented towards the deflection wedge unit, which cone forms a deflection guide which interacts with the deflection wedge piece at the upper end of the deflection wedge unit. After the bolt connection has been sheared off, a window has to be milled with the starting tool during the deflecting downward movement of the cone into the tube wall area. However, if the cone ran along the deflection wedge piece, the starting tool is still with its end face directly above the deflection wedge unit and thus in its cutting end position. The cone of the starter tool jams between the deflection wedge piece and the pipe wall. Therefore, the drill string used must be pulled several times for the other necessary cutting work to create the deflection work such as milling, expanding and tidying up the window, provided with new cutting tools and lowered again. The associated work and assembly effort is considerable.

Es ist Aufhabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit der mit vermindertem Arbeits- und Montageaufwand eine Ablenkbohrung zu erstellen ist. Diese Aufgabe löst die Erfindung durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Hinsichtlich wesentlicher weiterer Ausgestaltungen wird auf die Ansprüche 2 bis 11 verwiesen.It is the object of the present invention to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset with which a deflection bore can be produced with reduced work and assembly effort. This object is achieved by the invention with a device having the features of claim 1. With regard to further essential configurations, reference is made to claims 2 to 11.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit der den Fensterausschneidvorgang unmittelbar bewirkenden, hinter dem Schneidwerkzeug gelegenen Ablenkführung, ist das Startschneidwerkzeug nach Einleitung des Ablenkvorganges in einem Bereich des Bohrlochs gelegen, wo es mit seinen stirnseitigen bzw. vorderen Schneidflächen nicht mehr an der Stirnkante der Ablenkkeileinheit zur Anlage kommt. Darüber hinaus kann ein nicht schneidfähiges Führungselement wie zum Beispiel ein Konusteil den Fortschritt des Werkzeuges nicht behindern. Das Startschneidwerkzeug befindet sich nach dem Startschneid- bzw. fräsvorgang mit seiner Stirnfläche im Futterrohr und ist voll schneidfähig, ohne daß eine Zerstörung der Ablenkkeileinheit zu befürchten wäre. Ein Ziehen des Stranges und Auswechseln des Startschneidwerkzeuges bei Erreichen eines der Länge der Ablenkführung entsprechenden Bohrfortschritts ist daher nicht erforderlich. Die damit einhergehende Zeitersparnis ist erheblich. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der Vorrichtung ist damit die Voraussetzung geschaffen, dem vorauseilenden Schneidwerkzeug weitere Fräswerkzeuge nachzuordnen, um mit einer Bohrgarnitur das Fenster auszuschneiden, zu erweitern, Räumarbeiten durchzuführen und insgesamt die Ablenkbohrung so weit herzustellen, bis mit einer üblichen Bohrgarnitur weitergearbeitet werden kann.In the device according to the invention with the deflection guide directly behind the cutting tool and causing the window cutting process, the start cutting tool is located after the initiation of the deflection process in an area of the borehole where its front or front cutting surfaces no longer come to rest on the front edge of the deflection wedge unit . In addition, a guide element that cannot be cut, such as a cone part, cannot hinder the progress of the tool. The start cutting tool is located after the start cutting or milling process with its end face in the casing and is fully cutable without fear of destroying the deflection wedge unit. It is therefore not necessary to pull the strand and replace the starting cutting tool when a drilling progress corresponding to the length of the deflection guide has been reached. The associated time savings are considerable. The design of the device according to the invention thus creates the prerequisite for arranging further milling tools after the leading cutting tool in order to cut out and expand the window with a drilling set, Carry out clearing work and make the deflection hole until you can continue working with a conventional drilling set.

Bevorzugtermaßen umfaßt die Ablenkkeileinheit eine das Startschneidwerkzeug bzw. das vorauseilende Werkzeug in der Startposition hintergreifende, mit der Ablenkführung zusammenwirkende Ablenkrampe, wobei z. B. die Ablenkführung des Startschneidwerkzeuges durch einen diesem nachgeordneten, konisch zulaufenden Werkzeughalterbereich gebildet ist. Hieran können sich dann weitere Schneidwerkzeuge direkt anschließen, z. B. ein Fräswerkzeug mit gegenüber dem Schneidwerkzeug größeren Schneiddurchmesser, mit dem das angeschnittene Bohrlochfenster im Futterrohrbereich zu erweitern ist. Einem solchen Fräswerkzeug kann sich ein weiteres Räumschneidwerkzeug mit gegenüber dem ersten nachgeordneten Werkzeug vergrößertem Schneiddurchmesser anschließen. Gleichfalls besteht die Möglichkeit, diesem noch weitere Räumschneidwerkzeuge nachzuordnen, falls die Räumkapazität im jeweiligen Einzelfalle nicht ausreichen sollte.The deflection wedge unit preferably comprises a deflection ramp engaging behind the starting cutting tool or the leading tool in the starting position and interacting with the deflection guide. B. the deflection guide of the starting cutting tool is formed by a downstream, tapered tool holder area. This can then be followed directly by other cutting tools, e.g. B. a milling tool with a larger cutting diameter than the cutting tool, with which the cut borehole window in the casing area is to be expanded. Such a milling tool can be followed by a further broaching tool with a larger cutting diameter than the first downstream tool. Likewise, there is the possibility of adding further broaching tools if the broaching capacity should not be sufficient in the individual case.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung, in der ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung näher veranschaulicht ist. Im einzelnen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine abgebrochene schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung mit Packer, Ablenkkeileinheit sowie dem Startschneidwerkzeug;
Fig. 2
eine abgebrochene Darstellung des in Fig. 1 veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiels der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung mit Startschneidwerkzeug sowie mit weiteren, diesem nachgeordneten Schneidwerkzeugen, und
Fig. 3A, 3B, 3C
schematische Darstellungen beim Betrieb des veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiels nach der Erfindung.
Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the drawing, in which an embodiment of the object of the invention is illustrated in more detail. In detail show:
Fig. 1
a broken schematic representation of an embodiment of a device according to the invention with packer, deflection wedge unit and the starting cutting tool;
Fig. 2
a broken view of the illustrated in Fig. 1 embodiment of the device according to the invention with starting cutting tool and with further, downstream of this cutting tools, and
3A, 3B, 3C
schematic representations during operation of the illustrated embodiment according to the invention.

Die in den Figuren 1 bis 3 veranschaulichte Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung umfaßt einen Packer 1 sowie eine Ablenkkeileinheit 2 mit Ablenkkeilfläche 3. Wie insbesondere auch näher in Fig. 1 veranschaulicht ist, sind Packer 1 und Ablenkkeileinheit 2 als Komplettbaueinheit ausgebildet und mithin gemeinsam in einem Bohrloch festzulegen. Die Ablenkkeileinheit 2 bzw. die Ablenkkeilfläche 3 soll in dem veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispiel einen Aus- bzw. Ablenkwinkel von etwa 2° bis 3° haben. Die Ablenkkeilfläche 3 besteht aus einem vergüteten Hochleistungsstahl, so daß ein Fräswerkzeug an dieser entlang geführt werden kann unter gleichzeitigem Ausschneiden eines Futterrohrfensters, ohne Keilflächenzerstörungen befürchten zu müssen. Die Ablenkkeileinheit 2 ist direkt mit dem Packer 1 verbunden und hat einen hydraulischen Durchgang 4, um den Packer 1 mitsamt der Ablenkkeileinheit 2 in dem Bohrloch zu setzen. Im übrigen umfaßt die Ablenkkeileinheit 2 noch eine in der Darstellung nach Fig. 1 nicht sichtbare rückseitige Hydraulikleitung, an deren oberem Ende sich ein Schlauch 5 mit einer im einzelnen nicht sichtbaren Schnellkupplung anschließt. Der Schlauch 5 ist mit dem mit 6 bezifferten Startschneidwerkzeug zu verbinden und schafft somit eine direkte Verbindung zur Spülungsversorgung, schließt gleichzeitig jedoch auch die in der Zeichnung nicht sichtbaren Spülungsöffnungen des Startschneidwerkzeugs 6.The device according to the invention illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises a packer 1 and a deflecting wedge unit 2 with a deflecting wedge surface 3. As is also illustrated in more detail in particular in FIG. 1, the packer 1 and the deflecting wedge unit 2 are designed as a complete structural unit and therefore together in one borehole to be determined. The deflection wedge unit 2 or the deflection wedge surface 3 should have a deflection or deflection angle of approximately 2 ° to 3 ° in the illustrated exemplary embodiment. The deflecting wedge surface 3 consists of a tempered high-performance steel, so that a milling tool can be guided along this while simultaneously cutting out a casing tube window without having to fear destruction of the wedge surface. The deflection wedge unit 2 is connected directly to the packer 1 and has a hydraulic passage 4 in order to place the packer 1 together with the deflection wedge unit 2 in the borehole. Otherwise, the deflecting wedge unit 2 also comprises a hydraulic line on the rear side, which is not visible in the illustration according to FIG. The hose 5 is to be connected to the start cutting tool numbered 6 and thus creates a direct connection to the flushing supply, but at the same time also closes the flushing openings of the starting cutting tool 6 that are not visible in the drawing.

Im Bereich 8 zwischen den Schneidwerkzeugen 6 und 7 befindet sich die durch Überlast lösbare Aufhängung der Ablenkkeileinheit 12 (Fig. 2). Im Werkzeughalterbereich unter dem nachgeordneten Frässchneidwerkzeug 7 ist die Ablenkführung 9 des vorauseilenden Schneidwerkzeuges 6 in Gestalt eines konisch nach unten zulaufenden Werkzeughalterbereiches angebracht, die mithin in Bohrfortschrittsrichtung ebenfalls dem Schneidwerkzeug 6 nachgeordnet ist.In the area 8 between the cutting tools 6 and 7 there is the suspension of the deflection wedge unit 12 which can be released by overload (FIG. 2). The deflection guide 9 of the leading cutting tool 6 is arranged in the form of a tapering tool holder area in the tool holder area under the downstream milling cutting tool 7, which is therefore also arranged downstream of the cutting tool 6 in the direction of drilling progress.

Die Ablenkkeileinheit 2 umfaßt ihrerseits an ihrem oberen, den Schwerstangen des allgemein mit 10 bezifferten Bohrstranges zugewandtem Ende eine das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 hintergreifende Ablenkrampe 11. Im einzelnen nicht sichtbar ist im Bereich der Ablenkrampe 11 des Startschneidwerkzeugs 6 über eine Scherbolzenverbindung zum Setzen und Positionieren der Vorrichtung an der Ablenkkeileinheit 2 und damit auch am Packer 1 festgelegt.The deflecting wedge unit 2 in turn comprises the start cutting tool at its upper end facing the drill rods of the drill string, generally numbered 10 6 engaging deflection ramp 11. Not visible in detail is fixed in the region of the deflection ramp 11 of the starting cutting tool 6 via a shear pin connection for setting and positioning the device on the deflection wedge unit 2 and thus also on the packer 1.

Die Ablenkrampe 11 weist ihrerseits eine Ablenkkeilfläche 13 auf, an der zu Beginn eines Ablenk- bzw. Fensterschneidvorganges der untere Bereich der Ablenkführung 9 anliegt. In der Anschneid- bzw. Ablenkstartposition überragt entsprechend dar Darstellung nach Fig. 2 die Ablenkführung 9 die Keilfläche 13 der Ablenkrampe 11, so daß das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 über die Ablenkführung 9 und die Ablenkkeilfläche 13 der Ablenkrampe 11 weg von der Bohrlochlängsachse abgelenkt werden kann, ohne zunächst mit der Ablenkkeilfläche 3 der Ablenkkeileinheit 2 in Berührung zu kommen.The deflection ramp 11 in turn has a deflection wedge surface 13 against which the lower region of the deflection guide 9 rests at the start of a deflection or window cutting process. 2, the deflection guide 9 projects beyond the wedge surface 13 of the deflection ramp 11, so that the starting cutting tool 6 can be deflected away from the longitudinal axis of the borehole via the deflection guide 9 and the deflection wedge surface 13 of the deflection ramp 11 without first to come into contact with the deflecting wedge surface 3 of the deflecting wedge unit 2.

Das dem Startschneidtwerkzeug 6 in Bohrfortschrittsrichtung unmittelbar nachgeordnete Frässchneidwerkzeug 7 hat einen äußeren Schneiddurchmesser, der zwar größer ausgebildet ist als der äußere Durchmesser des Startschneidwerkzeuges 6, jedoch noch nicht dem Durchmesser der zu erstellenden Ablenkbohrung entspricht. Mit dem Frässchneidwerkzeug 7 soll ein angeschnittenes Fenster erweitert werden. Oberhalb des Fräsers 14 des ersten nachgeordneten Schneidwerkzeuges 7 ist dieses über eine Einschnürung 15 dergestalt flexibel und damit selbst in gewissem Maße auslenkbar ausgebildet, so daß beim Ablenken auftretende Materialbelastungen infolge Biegemomente gering gehalten werden können. An das Werkzeug 7 schließt sich ein weiteres Werkzeug 7.2 an, das gleichfalls mit einem Fräser 16 ausgerüstet ist. Das Werkzeug 7.2 umfaßt gleichfalls eine Einschnürung 17 und ist damit ebenfalls zwecks Verringerung der auftretenden Materialbelastungen flexibel ausgebildet. Der Fräser 16 des Werkzeuges 7.2 hat einen Schneidaußendurchmesser, der im wesentlichen dem Durchmesser der zu erstellenden fertigen Ablenkbohrung entspricht und bildet somit ein Räumschneidwerkzeug. Zwischen dem Räumschneidwerkzeug 7.2 und dem Strang 10 können sich weitere Schneidwerkzeuge bzw. Fräser anschließen, falls im jeweiligen Einzelfall die vorhandene Räumkapazität nicht ausreichen sollte.The milling cutting tool 7 immediately downstream of the starting cutting tool 6 in the direction of the drilling progress has an outer cutting diameter which is larger than the outer diameter of the starting cutting tool 6, but does not yet correspond to the diameter of the deflection bore to be created. A cut window is to be expanded with the milling cutter tool 7. Above the milling cutter 14 of the first subordinate cutting tool 7, the latter is so flexible via a constriction 15 that it can be deflected to a certain extent, so that material loads due to bending moments that occur during deflection can be kept low. The tool 7 is followed by a further tool 7.2, which is also equipped with a milling cutter 16. The tool 7.2 also includes a constriction 17 and is therefore also flexible in order to reduce the material loads that occur. The milling cutter 16 of the tool 7.2 has an outer cutting diameter which corresponds essentially to the diameter of the finished deflection bore to be produced and thus forms a broaching tool. Additional cutting tools or milling cutters can be connected between the broaching tool 7.2 and the strand 10, if in the respective individual case the existing clearing capacity should not be sufficient.

Wie in der Fig. 3 mit den Darstellungen A, B und C näher veranschaulicht ist, ist die Packer-Ablenkkeil-Kompletteinheit mitsamt den Werkzeugen 6, 7, 7.2 am Bohrturm zu montieren, wobei Ablenkkeileinheit 2 und Fräser 6, 7, 7.2 auszurichten sind. Packer 1, Ablenkkeileinheit 2 sowie Fräswerkzeuge 6, 7, 7.2 werden dann in das Bohrloch abgelassen. Ist die angestrebte Teufe erreicht, ist die Ablenkkeileinheit 2 mittels besonderer Werkzeuge auszurichten und der Packer 1 über die hydraulischen Durchgänge 4 der Ablenkkeileinheit 2 durch Überdruck zu setzen. Alsdann sind die Verbindungsbolzen zwischen Startschneidwerkzeug 6 und Ablenkeinheit 2 abzuscheren, wonach die Vorrichtung bereit ist für den durchzuführenden Ablenk- bzw. Fensterschneidvorgang. Dazu wird die Schneidwerkzeugeinheit in Betrieb genommen, wobei zunächst das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 bei Abwärtsbewegung der Ablenkführung 9 entlang der Ablenkkeilfläche 13 der Ablenkrampe 11 ein Fenster in der Bohrlochwand anschneidet, bevor es im Rahmen einer weiteren Abwärtsbewegung mit der Ablenkkeilfläche 3 der Ablenkkeileinheit 2 in Berührung kommt (Fig. 3A). Dadurch ist sichergestellt, daß über das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 die Ablenkkeileinheit 2 in ihrem oberen Bereich nicht beschädigt wird, sondern das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 für den Fensteranschneidvorgang genutzt werden kann. Nachdem die Ablenkführung 9 vollständig über die Ablenkrampe 11 bewegt ist, fräst das nachgeordnete Schneidwerkzeug 7 zunächst die Ablenkrampe 11 bereichsweise weg, erweitert dabei aber auch schon das vom Startschneidwerkzeug 6 angeschnittene Fenster in der Bohrlochwandung (Fig. 3B). Dabei übernimmt die Führung von dem nun an der Ablenkkeilfläche 3 der Ablenkkeileinheit 2 anliegende Schneidwerkzeugs 6, das an der aus vergütetem Hochleistungsstahl bestehende Ablenkkeilfläche 3 sicher entlanggleiten kann, ohne Schäden zu verursachen. Um im übrigen Metallspäne aus der Schneidwerkzeugspülung aufzufangen, kann es je nach Bedarf zweckmäßig sein, magnetische Stangen einzusetzen. Je nach Drehmoment ist die Drehzahl und auch die Last umzustellen. Nach weiterem Bohrfortschritt hat das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 die Futterrohrwandung direkt unter seinem Zentrum, was sich durch ein vermindertes Drehmoment bei ebenfalls abfallendem Bohrfortschritt bemerkbar macht. Die Last wird daher zweckmäßigerweise zunächst weiter erhöht, um das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 aus dieser Lage herauszubringen. Nachdem das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 die Bohrlochwandung dann vollständig durchdrungen hat (Fig. 3C), ist mit dem Fräser 16 bzw. dem weiteren nachgeordneten Schneidwerkzeug 7.2 der Fensterbereich zu erweitern und zu räumen, wobei das Startschneidwerkzeug 6 weiter in die Formation bohrt, bis sichergestellt ist, daß das Fräswerkzeug 7.2 den Bohrwandungsbereich vollständig durchfahren hat. Bevor mit einer Standardbohrgarnitur durch das Fenster gefahren wird, ist es zweckmäßig, den Fensterbereich der Bohrlochwandung zu erweitern bzw. eventuell noch vorstehende Teile zuerst zu entfernen, was gleichfalls mit der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung und den Schneidwerkzeugen 6, 7 und 7.2 vollzogen werden kann. Nachdem die Fräs- bzw. Schneidarbeiten im Fenster der Bohrlochwandung abgeschlossen sind, kann der Bohrstrang gegen eine Standardbohrgarnitur ausgetauscht werden.As is illustrated in more detail in FIGS. 3 with the representations A, B and C, the packer / deflecting wedge complete unit together with the tools 6, 7, 7.2 are to be mounted on the derrick, wherein the deflecting wedge unit 2 and milling cutters 6, 7, 7.2 are to be aligned . Packer 1, deflection wedge unit 2 and milling tools 6, 7, 7.2 are then lowered into the borehole. Once the desired depth has been reached, the deflection wedge unit 2 is to be aligned using special tools and the packer 1 is set by means of overpressure via the hydraulic passages 4 of the deflection wedge unit 2. The connecting bolts between the starting cutting tool 6 and the deflection unit 2 are then to be sheared off, after which the device is ready for the deflection or window cutting process to be carried out. For this purpose, the cutting tool unit is put into operation, with the starting cutting tool 6 first cutting a window in the borehole wall when the deflection guide 9 moves downward along the deflection wedge surface 13 of the deflection ramp 11 before it comes into contact with the deflection wedge surface 3 of the deflection wedge unit 2 as part of a further downward movement ( 3A). This ensures that the deflecting wedge unit 2 is not damaged in its upper region via the starting cutting tool 6, but that the starting cutting tool 6 can be used for the window cutting process. After the deflection guide 9 has been moved completely over the deflection ramp 11, the downstream cutting tool 7 first mills away the deflection ramp 11 in some areas, but in doing so also expands the window in the borehole wall cut by the starting cutting tool 6 (FIG. 3B). In this case, the cutting tool 6, which now rests on the deflecting wedge surface 3 of the deflecting wedge unit 2, takes over the guidance and can safely slide along the deflecting wedge surface 3, which is made of tempered high-performance steel, without causing damage. In order to collect metal shavings from the cutting tool rinse, it may be expedient to use magnetic rods as required. Depending on the torque, the speed and the load must be changed. After further drilling progress, the start cutting tool has 6 the casing wall directly below its center, which is noticeable by a reduced torque with decreasing drilling progress. The load is therefore expediently initially increased further in order to bring the starting cutting tool 6 out of this position. After the starting cutting tool 6 has completely penetrated the borehole wall (FIG. 3C), the window area is to be expanded and cleared with the milling cutter 16 or the further downstream cutting tool 7.2, the starting cutting tool 6 drilling further into the formation until it is ensured that that the milling tool 7.2 has completely passed through the drilling wall area. Before driving through the window with a standard drilling set, it is expedient to expand the window area of the borehole wall or to remove any protruding parts first, which can likewise be carried out with the device according to the invention and the cutting tools 6, 7 and 7.2. After the milling or cutting work in the window of the borehole wall has been completed, the drill string can be exchanged for a standard drill set.

Claims (11)

Vorrichtung zum Bohren einer Neben- oder Ablenkbohrung eines insbesondere verrohrten Bohrlochs in unterirdischen Gesteins- oder Erdformationen mit einer mittels eines Packers (1) im Bohrloch festlegbaren Ablenkkeileinheit (2) sowie mit einem an einem Bohrstrang (10) befestigbaren Startschneidwerkzeug (6) zum Ausschneiden eines Bohrlochfensters, welchem eine zur Einleitung eines Ablenkbohrvorganges mit der Ablenkkeileinheit (2) in Wirkverbindung stehende Ablenkführung (9) zugeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkführung (9) dem Startschneidwerkzeug (6) in Bohrfortschrittsrichtung nachgeordnet ist.Device for drilling a secondary or deflection bore of a particularly well-drilled borehole in underground rock or earth formations with a deflecting wedge unit (2) which can be fixed in the borehole by means of a packer (1) and with a starting cutting tool (6) which can be fastened to a drill string (10) for cutting out a Borehole window, which is assigned a deflection guide (9) which is operatively connected to the deflection wedge unit (2) to initiate a deflection drilling process, characterized in that the deflection guide (9) is arranged downstream of the starting cutting tool (6) in the direction of drilling progress. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkkeileinheit (2) eine das Startschneidwerkzeug (6) hintergreifende, mit der Ablenkführung (9) zusammenwirkende Ablenkrampe (11) umfaßt.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the deflection wedge unit (2) comprises a deflection ramp (11) which engages behind the start cutting tool (6) and cooperates with the deflection guide (9). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkführung (9) des Startschneidwerkzeuges (6) durch einen diesem nachgeordneten, konisch zulaufenden Werkzeugschaftbereich gebildet ist.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deflection guide (9) of the starting cutting tool (6) is formed by a tapered tool shank region arranged after it. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Startschneidwerkzeug (6) ein erstes, das angeschnittene Bohrlochfenster erweiterndes Schneidwerkzeug (14) und diesem ein oder mehrere Räumschneidwerkzeuge (16) nachgeordnet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the starting cutting tool (6) is followed by a first cutting tool (14) which widens the cut borehole window and this is followed by one or more broaching cutting tools (16). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Startschneidwerkzeug (6) nachgeordnete Schneidwerkzeuge (14, 16) bereichsweise flexibel ausgebildet sind.Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that cutting tools (14, 16) arranged downstream of the starting cutting tool (6) are flexible in some areas. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dein Startschneidwerkzeug (6) nachgeordnete Schneidwerkzeuge (14, 16) Auslenkungen zulassende Einschnürungen (15, 17) umfassen.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that your starting cutting tool (6) downstream cutting tools (14, 16) comprise constrictions (15, 17) allowing deflections. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Packer (1) und die Ablenkkeileinheit (2) als eine gemeinsame, im Bohrloch festlegbare Komplettbaueinheit ausgebildet sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the packer (1) and the deflection wedge unit (2) are designed as a common complete unit which can be fixed in the borehole. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkkeileinheit (2) zumindest bereichsweise aus einem vergüteten Hochleistungsstahl besteht.Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the deflecting wedge unit (2) consists at least in regions of a tempered high-performance steel. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die das Startschneidwerkzeug (6) hintergreifende Ablenkrampe (11) zumindest teilweise von einem dem Startschneidwerkzeug (6) nachgeordneten Schneidwerkzeug (14) wegfräsbar ist.Device according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the deflection ramp (11) engaging behind the starting cutting tool (6) can be at least partially milled away by a cutting tool (14) arranged downstream of the starting cutting tool (6). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkkeileinheit (2), der Packer (1) und das Startschneidwerkzeug (6) zum Orientieren und Setzen der Vorrichtung in einem Bohrloch über ein an der Ablenkführung (9) des Startschneidwerkzeuges (6) angreifende Bolzenverbindung aneinander festlegbar sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the deflecting wedge unit (2), the packer (1) and the starting cutting tool (6) for orienting and setting the device in a borehole via a on the deflecting guide (9) of the starting cutting tool ( 6) attacking bolt connection can be fixed to each other. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ablenkkeileinheit (2) einen hydraulischen Durchgang (4) für einen Packer (1) sowie einen mit dem Startschneidwerkzeug (6) mittels Schnellkupplungen verbindbaren Hydraulikanschluß umfaßt.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the deflecting wedge unit (2) comprises a hydraulic passage (4) for a packer (1) and a hydraulic connection which can be connected to the starting cutting tool (6) by means of quick-release couplings.
EP90120537A 1989-12-22 1990-10-26 Apparatus for drilling an offset or side-tracked well, especially from a cased well Expired - Lifetime EP0434924B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3942438 1989-12-22
DE3942438A DE3942438A1 (en) 1989-12-22 1989-12-22 DEVICE FOR DRILLING A SUB-DRILLING OR DEFLECTING DRILL OF A PARTICULARLY PIPED HOLE

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EP0434924A1 true EP0434924A1 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0434924B1 EP0434924B1 (en) 1993-09-22

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US (1) US5109924A (en)
EP (1) EP0434924B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2033048A1 (en)
DE (1) DE3942438A1 (en)
NO (1) NO905506L (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO905506L (en) 1991-06-24
DE3942438C2 (en) 1992-01-30
CA2033048A1 (en) 1991-06-23
EP0434924B1 (en) 1993-09-22
US5109924A (en) 1992-05-05
DE3942438A1 (en) 1991-07-11
NO905506D0 (en) 1990-12-20

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