EP0422477B1 - Training projectile for target shooting without explosives with ordonance - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a practice projectile for target shooting without explosives with large-caliber weapons when using an insertion tube according to the preamble of claim 1.

DE-A1 32 01 629 discloses a spin-stabilized practice projectile for target shooting without explosives. Except for a target distance, this projectile has the same ballistic properties as the respective live ammunition. The practice floor has a conical floor with a flat face, a cylindrical middle section and a rear section. The conical projectile tip and the cylindrical middle part form a butt edge. The rear section is equipped with braking elements to reduce the speed of rotation of the projectile. The brake elements are arranged on the middle section and consist of aerodynamically effective surfaces in the form of either ribs or grooves. Due to the braking elements, there is a high air resistance with a correspondingly sharp drop in the bullet speed. This means that the gun operator cannot use the firing board for full-caliber combat ammunition during practice shooting. As a result, the exercise floor does not meet the requirements of the application due to a different principle of action.

A projectile for practice ammunition is known from DE-A1 32 05 612. The mass of the bullet and the streamlined shape of the bullet correspond to a sharp bullet. Accordingly, the ogive is curved and is stepped into a cylindrical central section of the floor. There are therefore no indications of flow-increasing agents on the Bullet shape in order to be able to simulate a large-caliber, flow-unfavorable bullet type by means of a much smaller bullet.

Practice shooting with full-caliber practice projectiles is costly. It requires bullets with properties that correspond to the sharp bullets in indoor and outdoor ballistics. A cost factor is also the wear of the gun barrel.

Shooting by means of a push-in barrel system is cheaper, in which a small-caliber firing device is installed in the existing large-caliber weapon system.

For example, a firing device with a caliber of 35 mm is used for a bullet caliber of 120 mm. With this relatively small practice floor, the departure behavior and outer ballistics of a large-caliber, heavy, and with very high air resistance, shaped hollow charge projectile of the spike type should be simulated up to a target distance of approx. 2,500 m. This would ensure that the gun operator could use the firing board for full-caliber combat ammunition during practice shooting.

The invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a training projectile for a push-in tube system which simulates a shaped charge projectile of the spike type. Its trajectory and the hit location at approx. 2,500 m should correspond to this shaped charge floor.

The invention solves this problem according to the characterizing features of claim 1.

Advantageous further developments can be found in the subclaims.

What is surprising about the invention is that the training projectile has simple geometric shapes and is therefore inexpensive to manufacture. Manufacturing tolerances have no measurable influence on the bullet's exit behavior, its trajectory and its hit pattern.

It is also essential that, according to the invention, for the first time there is a smaller caliber projectile that simulates a relatively slow shot with a relatively high speed drop corresponding to a large-caliber shaped charge projectile according to the spike type.

Figur 1

ein Übungsgeschoß

Figur 2

ein weiteres Übungsgeschoß.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. It shows:

Figure 1

a practice floor

Figure 2

another practice floor.

According to FIG. 1, a training projectile 1 consists of a hollow body 2 made of steel, with a conventional guide band 3, a gag groove 4, an outer cylinder 5 according to a section 6, a conical rear end 7 and recesses 8 to 10 with threads 11, 12.

A conventional tracer insert 13 lies in the recess 8. Instead of this insert 13, a solid base plate 14 made of steel can also be screwed in.

An ogive 20 formed as a truncated cone 19 and consisting of an aluminum alloy with an end face 21 and a length 22 is screwed to the thread 11 and forms a butt edge 23 with the cylinder 5. A center of gravity of the projectile and a rear angle are designated with 24.25. The rear 7 has a length 27.

The following values are available for a 35 mm practice floor for simulating a reference floor (not shown) 120 mm / 105 mm shaped charge floor according to the spike type: End face 21 (diameter) 0.086 caliber Length 22 4.9 caliber Length 6 4.7 caliber Lengths 22: 6 1: 0.96 Ratio of moments of inertia longitudinal / transverse 6.54 Distance of the center of gravity 24 from the end face 3.3 caliber Length 27 0.3 caliber Angle 25 4 ° Total mass 0.55 kg Definition of "caliber":
The term "caliber" refers to the bullet diameter, ie caliber 35 mm corresponds to a bullet diameter of 35 mm.

According to FIG. 2, in contrast to the practice floor 1, a training floor 30 consists of a solid body 31 made of steel with a hollow, thin-walled threaded pin 32 with a bore 33 and of a thin-walled hood 34 made of an aluminum alloy. The location of the center of gravity is designated 35. For a version in 35 mm caliber, the following deviating values are available for practice floor 1: Ratio of moments of inertia longitudinal / transverse 4.3 Distance of the center of gravity 35 from the end face 21 3.48 caliber.

The other values are the same.

Both practice floors 1.30 correspond to the departure behavior and the trajectory of the reference floors mentioned and do not exceed the permissible standard deviations of the hit pattern up to 2000 m.

The shape of the truncated cone 19 is decisive for the air resistance behavior.

A defined flow separation in the practice storeys 1, 30 is provided by the end face 21. This means that aerodynamic disturbances, such as the angle of attack, have only a minor effect.

The practice bullets 1.30 are particularly stable due to the outer shape of the truncated cone 19 and cylinder 15.

The drop in speed is based on the drag coefficient due to the outer shape of the practice floor 1.30. Decisive for this are the end face 21, the truncated cone 19, the abutting edge 23 and the cylinder 5.

Claims (5)

1. A training projectile (1) for target practice without explosive with large-calibre weapons upon use of a subcalibre barrel with a projectile body designed as a cylinder (5) and a conical ogive (20) in the form of a truncated cone (19) with a front surface (21) having a diameter of approximately 0.08 to 0.1 of the projectile calibre, the ogive (20) forming a but edge with the cylinder (5) of the projectile,
   characterised by the combination of the following features:

   (a) a length ratio of ogive (20) to cylinder (5) of approximately 1 : 1 +/- 5%,

   (b) a position of centre of gravity of 3 to 3.5 projectile calibres from the front surface (21),

   (c) a ratio of moment of inertia of the transverse and longitudinal moments of 4.0 to 7.0 and

   (d) a tapered tail (7) with a length of approximately 0.3 calibres and an angle (25) of 2° to 6°.
2. A training projectile according to claim 1, characterised in that
   the ogive (20) consists of a solid material made from an aluminium alloy and
   the projectile body consists of a hollow body (2) made from steel with recesses (8-10).
3. A training projectile according to claim 2, characterised in that
   the hollow body (2) is closed off by a base plate (14).
4. A training projectile according to claim 2, characterised in that
   the hollow body has a tracer path insert (13).
5. A training projectile according to claims 1, 3 and 4, characterised in that
   the ogive (20) consists of a thin-walled cap (34) made from an aluminium alloy or steel and
   is screwed with a hollow threaded spigot (32) of a solid body (31) made from steel, wherein a recess (8) for the reception of the base plate (14) or of the tracer path mechanism (13) is provided at the tail side.

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