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EP0408786A1 - Nozzle head - Google Patents

Nozzle head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408786A1
EP0408786A1 EP89113217A EP89113217A EP0408786A1 EP 0408786 A1 EP0408786 A1 EP 0408786A1 EP 89113217 A EP89113217 A EP 89113217A EP 89113217 A EP89113217 A EP 89113217A EP 0408786 A1 EP0408786 A1 EP 0408786A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
nozzle
omnidirectional
nozzle head
head according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89113217A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0408786B1 (en
Inventor
Dr. Schmon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SATA GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
SATA GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SATA GmbH and Co KG filed Critical SATA GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP89113217A priority Critical patent/EP0408786B1/en
Priority to DE89113217T priority patent/DE58905400D1/en
Priority to ES89113217T priority patent/ES2045288T3/en
Priority to AT89113217T priority patent/ATE93417T1/en
Priority to US07/512,316 priority patent/US5088648A/en
Publication of EP0408786A1 publication Critical patent/EP0408786A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0408786B1 publication Critical patent/EP0408786B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B05B7/0815—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets with at least one gas jet intersecting a jet constituted by a liquid or a mixture containing a liquid for controlling the shape of the latter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle head for a paint spray gun according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such nozzle heads are used in high-pressure guns which are operated with an air pressure of the compressed air of approximately 4 bar.
  • the paint is atomized very finely.
  • These nozzle heads therefore work with high air pressure and a relatively small amount of air.
  • the omnidirectional air nozzle of the nozzle head has an outlet area of 2 to 3 mm 2, from which the air emerges at high speed and flows past the cone that protrudes about 0.1 mm above the outlet area. This entrains paint from the paint nozzle and atomizes it. The finer this atomization, the greater the fog formation, i.e. H.
  • the air emerging from the round jet air nozzle forms a sharply defined ring jet which fans out at a distance from the nozzle head.
  • the outside of this round air jet has a very high speed difference to the ambient air. The paint is accelerated to relatively high speeds when atomized.
  • low pressure guns are used which are operated at an air pressure of maximum 0.7 bar and a large amount of air.
  • Such low pressure guns are the subject of DE-A 28, for example 22 650 and DE-A 33 18 205.
  • a common feature is that the compressed air emerging from the omnidirectional air nozzle emerges at low pressure and a large volume.
  • the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle therefore has an area of approximately 15 mm 2.
  • the ink jet is surrounded by an air cone that largely prevents the escape of paint mist.
  • the disadvantage is accepted that the paint is atomized only insufficiently and reaches the surface to be coated in the form of relatively large drops. Parts of these drops leave the spray jet and fall down, which is clearly visible when a paper is placed on the floor under the jet.
  • the object is to design the nozzle head in such a way that fog formation is largely avoided despite fine atomization when it is used with a high-pressure paint spray gun.
  • the lowering ensures that the round air jet is already fanned out before the air flows past the nozzle opening of the paint nozzle.
  • the cone-shaped ring air jet has a high atomization inside color flow flow, which decreases towards the outside of the air cone.
  • the air holes create a ring air screen around the ring air jet.
  • This ring air screen has the effect that color droplets possibly emerging from the jet are transported back into the jet. Since the total cross-sectional area of these air bores is smaller than that of the omnidirectional air nozzle, the energy content of the ring air screen is relatively low, as a result of which its flow velocity is also lower.
  • the ring air screen therefore acts as a sliding layer between the rapidly moving atomized jet and the still ambient air, which largely prevents the tangential inflow of ambient air into the atomized jet.
  • the rebound of paint or the lateral outflow of the paint mist on the object to be coated is also significantly reduced by this ring air screen, which holds the jet together as a whole.
  • the effective nozzle area of the omnidirectional air nozzle is increased by a factor of 2 to 3 compared to the nozzle head of a high-pressure gun, but is approximately a factor of 3 less than that of a low-pressure gun.
  • This increases the omnidirectional air volume and thus the transition area from moving jet air to the ambient air at rest.
  • the premature drop of paint droplets from the jet decreases significantly because the paint is better enveloped by air.
  • the outflow of paint droplets from the jet center to the outside is drastically reduced.
  • the choice of the total cross-sectional area of the horn jet air nozzles has the effect that the energy content and the speed of the air flowing out of these nozzles is greater compared to a high-pressure gun. This gives you a powerful broad jet.
  • the recessed arrangement of the air holes with respect to the round jet air nozzle means that a ring air screen has already formed when the air emerging from the air holes hits the outside of the round air jet.
  • the provision of two differently steep frustoconical surfaces between the omnidirectional air nozzle and the ring of the air holes prevents paint droplets from flowing in the direction of the air holes as a result of the suction effect in the air holes.
  • nozzle head When this nozzle head is used with a high-pressure gun, the paint is atomized finely, fog formation is largely avoided and the outflow of paint droplets from the jet center to the outside is significantly reduced.
  • the nozzle head thus has the advantages of nozzle heads in high and low pressure guns, but avoids their disadvantages.
  • the nozzle head has a paint nozzle body 1 which can be connected to the paint spray gun via a thread 2.
  • This paint nozzle body 1 is surrounded by an air nozzle body 3, which can also be connected to the paint spray gun via a union nut 4.
  • the paint nozzle body 1 has a central bore 5, which merges into a conical paint nozzle 6, which can be closed by a nozzle needle 7.
  • the paint nozzle body 1 ends with a circular cylindrical cone 8.
  • the air nozzle body 3 has two diametrically opposed horns 9, each of which has a horn jet air nozzle 10. These horn jet air nozzles 10 communicate with air supply bores 11 which run through the air nozzle body 3 and open into an annular chamber 12 which is formed between the paint nozzle body 1 and the air nozzle body 3. On the face side, an annular space 13 is formed between the paint nozzle body 1 and the air nozzle body 3, to which three air supply bores 14 run through the paint nozzle body 1. These air supply bores 14 open into a further annular chamber 15 on the rear of the paint nozzle body 1.
  • the air nozzle body 3 has a central bore which surrounds the suppository 8, as a result of which there is between the suppository 8 and this bore forms an omnidirectional air nozzle 16.
  • the bore of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 on the air nozzle body side is provided on the outside with a depression 17 which diverges outwards.
  • the suppository 8 projects outwards beyond the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16.
  • the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 is surrounded by a ring of air holes 18. These air holes open in the annular space 13. These air holes 18 are arranged in a converging incline in the direction of the beam axis 19. In the illustrated embodiment, the inclination is 10 °.
  • the outlet openings of the air bores 18 are arranged recessed with respect to the outlet surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16. Between the outer edge of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 and the rim of the air bores 18, two truncated cone surfaces are provided, specifically a flat truncated cone surface 20 on the inside and a steep truncated cone surface 21 adjoining it.
  • a total of 17 air holes 18 are provided, each of which has a diameter of 0.5 mm.
  • the wall thickness of the suppository 8 is less than 0.5 mm, its projection over the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 is preferably 0.3 mm.
  • the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 has an area of approximately 5.5 mm 2 at its narrowest point. It is thus approximately 1.6 times larger than the total cross-sectional area of the air bores 18.
  • the total cross-sectional area of the three air supply bores 14 is approximately the same size as the total cross-sectional area of the air bores 18 plus the cross-sectional area of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16.
  • the total cross-sectional area of the two horn jet air nozzles 10 is approximately the same size as the total cross-sectional area of omnidirectional air nozzle 16 and the air holes 18.
  • a conical atomization area of the paint emerging from the paint nozzle 6 occurs.
  • the depression 17 ensures that the round jet 23 fuses out in front of the atomization area 22 of the paint and thus has a speed gradient which drops sharply from the inside to the outside.
  • the annular air screen 24 produced by the air bores 18 then strikes the outer surface of the round jet 23 and has an even lower speed to the outer surface of the round jet 23.
  • the inflow of ambient air into the area of the omnidirectional jet 23 is hereby avoided with certainty.
  • the small wall thickness of the suppository 8 and its projection over the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 have the effect that fog formation is largely avoided.
  • the speed curve inside the circular jet and the ring air screen, seen from the inside out prevents paint droplets from getting out of the atomization area.

Landscapes

  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

In order largely to prevent formation of mist in the case of a nozzle head which is connected to a high-pressure paint spraying gun, the dispenser (8) from which the colour emerges has a very small wall thickness of less than 0.5 mm. The round air jet nozzle (16) which surrounds the dispenser (8) and over whose outlet surface the dispenser (8) protrudes is provided with a depression (17) which fans out the round air jet. The round air jet nozzle (16) is surrounded by a ring of air bores (18) which open in the same annular space (13) as the round air jet nozzle (16) and which have a smaller overall cross-sectional surface than the surface of the round air jet nozzle (16) and which produce an annular air screen which envelops the round air jet. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Düsenkopf für eine Farbspritz­pistole nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a nozzle head for a paint spray gun according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Düsenköpfe werden bei Hochdruckpistolen verwendet, die mit einem Luftdruck der Druckluft von etwa 4 bar betrie­ben werden. Hierbei findet eine sehr feine Zerstäubung der Farbe statt. Jedoch ist der Nachteil zu verzeichnen, daß eine Farbnebelbildung auftritt, die für den Benutzer der Pistole schädlich ist. Bei diesen Düsenköpfen wird also mit hohem Luftdruck und relativ geringer Luftmenge gearbeitet. Bei einer unter der Bezeichnung SATAjet bekannten Spritzpi­stole weist die Rundstrahlluftdüse des Düsenkopfs eine Aus­trittsfläche von 2 bis 3 mm² auf, aus der die Luft mit hoher Geschwindigkeit austritt und dabei an dem etwa 0,1 mm über die Austrittsfläche überstehenden Zäpfchen vorbeiströmt. Dabei wird Farbe aus der Farbdüse mitgerissen und zerstäubt. Je feiner diese Zerstäubung ist, um so stärker ist die Nebel­bildung, d. h. der Anteil an zerstäubter Farbe, der aus dem eigentlichen Farbstrahl austritt. Die aus der Rundstrahl­luftdüse austretende Luft bildet einen scharf begrenzten Ringstrahl, der sich im Abstand zum Düsenkopf auffächert. Im Bereich des Düsenkopfs weist die Außenseite dieses Rund­luftstrahls eine sehr hohe Geschwindigkeitsdifferenz zur Umgebungsluft auf. Die Farbe wird bei ihrer Zerstäubung auf relativ hohe Geschwindigkeiten beschleunigt.Such nozzle heads are used in high-pressure guns which are operated with an air pressure of the compressed air of approximately 4 bar. The paint is atomized very finely. However, there is a disadvantage that paint mist occurs which is harmful to the user of the gun. These nozzle heads therefore work with high air pressure and a relatively small amount of air. In a spray gun known under the name SATAjet, the omnidirectional air nozzle of the nozzle head has an outlet area of 2 to 3 mm 2, from which the air emerges at high speed and flows past the cone that protrudes about 0.1 mm above the outlet area. This entrains paint from the paint nozzle and atomizes it. The finer this atomization, the greater the fog formation, i.e. H. the amount of atomized paint that emerges from the actual color jet. The air emerging from the round jet air nozzle forms a sharply defined ring jet which fans out at a distance from the nozzle head. In the area of the nozzle head, the outside of this round air jet has a very high speed difference to the ambient air. The paint is accelerated to relatively high speeds when atomized.

Um diese Nebelbildung zu vermindern, werden Niederdruck­pistolen verwendet, die bei einem Luftdruck von maximal 0,7 bar und großer Luftmenge betrieben werden. Solche Nieder­druckpistolen sind beispielsweise Gegenstand der DE-A 28 22 650 und der DE-A 33 18 205. Gemeinsames Merkmal ist dabei, daß die aus der Rundstrahlluftdüse austretende Druckluft bei geringem Druck und einem großen Volumen austritt. Deshalb weist die Austrittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse eine Fläche von etwa 15 mm² auf. Der Farbstrahl wird hierbei von einem Luftkegel umgeben, der das Austreten von Farbnebel weit­gehend verhindert. Dabei wird jedoch der Nachteil in Kauf genommen, daß die Farbe nur unzureichend zerstäubt wird und in Form relativ großer Tropfen auf die zu beschichtende Oberfläche gelangt. Teile dieser Tropfen verlassen den Spritz­strahl und fallen herunter, was deutlich erkennbar ist, wenn ein Papier auf den Boden unter den Strahl gelegt wird.In order to reduce this fog formation, low pressure guns are used which are operated at an air pressure of maximum 0.7 bar and a large amount of air. Such low pressure guns are the subject of DE-A 28, for example 22 650 and DE-A 33 18 205. A common feature is that the compressed air emerging from the omnidirectional air nozzle emerges at low pressure and a large volume. The exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle therefore has an area of approximately 15 mm 2. The ink jet is surrounded by an air cone that largely prevents the escape of paint mist. However, the disadvantage is accepted that the paint is atomized only insufficiently and reaches the surface to be coated in the form of relatively large drops. Parts of these drops leave the spray jet and fall down, which is clearly visible when a paper is placed on the floor under the jet.

Es besteht die Aufgabe, den Düsenkopf so auszubilden, daß eine Nebelbildung trotz feiner Zerstäubung bei seiner Ver­wendung mit einer Hochdruckfarbspritzpistole weitgehend vermieden wird.The object is to design the nozzle head in such a way that fog formation is largely avoided despite fine atomization when it is used with a high-pressure paint spray gun.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkma­len des Anspruches 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements can be found in the subclaims.

Mit den Merkmalen des Düsenkopfs werden folgende Effekte erreicht:The following effects are achieved with the characteristics of the nozzle head:

Durch die geringe Wandstärke des Zäpfchens ist eine deutliche Abnahme der Nebelbildung feststellbar, da die aus der Ring­strahlluftdüse austretende Luft weitgehend ungestört am Zäpfchen vorbeiströmt.Due to the small wall thickness of the suppository, a clear decrease in the formation of fog can be determined, since the air emerging from the ring jet air nozzle flows largely undisturbed past the suppository.

Durch die Senkung wird erreicht, daß der Rundluftstrahl bereits aufgefächert wird, bevor die Luft an der Düsenöff­nung der Farbdüse vorbeiströmt. Der kegelringförmige Ring­luftstrahl weist dabei innenseitig eine hohe, die Zerstäu­ bung der Farbe begünstigende Strömungsgeschwindigkeit auf, die zur Außenseite des Luftkegels hin abnimmt.The lowering ensures that the round air jet is already fanned out before the air flows past the nozzle opening of the paint nozzle. The cone-shaped ring air jet has a high atomization inside color flow flow, which decreases towards the outside of the air cone.

Die Luftbohrungen erzeugen einen Ringluftschirm um den Ring­luftstrahl herum. Dieser Ringluftschirm bewirkt, daß even­tuell aus dem Strahl austretende Farbtröpfchen in den Strahl hinein zurücktransportiert werden. Da die Gesamtquerschnitts­fläche dieser Luftbohrungen kleiner ist als die der Rund­strahlluftdüse, ist der Energieinhalt des Ringluftschirms relativ gering, wodurch auch seine Strömungsgeschwindigkeit kleiner ist. Der Ringluftschirm wirkt deshalb als Gleit­schicht zwischen dem sich schnell bewegenden zerstäubten Strahl und der ruhenden Umgebungsluft, wodurch das tangen­tiale Einströmen von Umgebungsluft in den zerstäubten Strahl weitgehend verhindert wird. Auch der Rückprall von Farbe bzw. das seitliche Abströmen des Farbnebels am zu beschichten­den Objekt wird durch diesen Ringluftschirm, der den Strahl insgesamt zusammenhält, deutlich vermindert.The air holes create a ring air screen around the ring air jet. This ring air screen has the effect that color droplets possibly emerging from the jet are transported back into the jet. Since the total cross-sectional area of these air bores is smaller than that of the omnidirectional air nozzle, the energy content of the ring air screen is relatively low, as a result of which its flow velocity is also lower. The ring air screen therefore acts as a sliding layer between the rapidly moving atomized jet and the still ambient air, which largely prevents the tangential inflow of ambient air into the atomized jet. The rebound of paint or the lateral outflow of the paint mist on the object to be coated is also significantly reduced by this ring air screen, which holds the jet together as a whole.

Durch die Merkmale der Unteransprüche wird folgendes erreicht:The features of the subclaims achieve the following:

Die wirksame Düsenfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse ist gegen­über dem Düsenkopf einer Hochdruckpistole um den Faktor 2 bis 3 erhöht, ist jedoch gegenüber einer Niederdruckpistole um etwa den Faktor 3 geringer. Hierdurch wird das Rundstrahl­luftvolumen erhöht und damit der Übergangsbereich von be­wegter Strahlluft zur ruhenden Umgebungsluft. Der vorzei­tige Ausfall von Farbtröpfchen aus dem Strahl nimmt deutlich ab, da die Farbe besser von Luft umhüllt wird. In Verbindung mit der kegelförmigen Auffächerung des Rundluftstrahls und damit dessen geringe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit am Außenrand wird das Abströmen von Farbtröpfchen aus dem Strahlzentrum nach außen drastisch vermindert.The effective nozzle area of the omnidirectional air nozzle is increased by a factor of 2 to 3 compared to the nozzle head of a high-pressure gun, but is approximately a factor of 3 less than that of a low-pressure gun. This increases the omnidirectional air volume and thus the transition area from moving jet air to the ambient air at rest. The premature drop of paint droplets from the jet decreases significantly because the paint is better enveloped by air. In connection with the conical fanning out of the round air jet and thus its low flow speed at the outer edge, the outflow of paint droplets from the jet center to the outside is drastically reduced.

Da die Gesamtquerschnittsfläche der zum Ringraum verlaufen­den Luftzuführungsbohrungen etwa gleich ist wie die Gesamt­querschnittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse und der Luftboh­rungen wird gegenüber dem Düsenkopf bei einer Hochdruckpi­stole eine Reduzierung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten beim Rundluftstrahl und beim Ringluftschirm erreicht.Since the total cross-sectional area of the air supply holes running to the annular space is approximately the same as the total cross-sectional area of the round jet air nozzle and the air holes, a reduction in the flow velocities in the round air jet and in the ring air screen is achieved in comparison with the nozzle head in a high pressure gun.

Die Wahl der Gesamtquerschnittsfläche der Hornstrahlluft­düsen bewirkt, daß gegenüber einer Hochdruckpistole der Energieinhalt und die Geschwindigkeit der aus diesen Düsen ausströmenden Luft größer ist. Man erhält dadurch einen leistungsfähigen Breitstrahl.The choice of the total cross-sectional area of the horn jet air nozzles has the effect that the energy content and the speed of the air flowing out of these nozzles is greater compared to a high-pressure gun. This gives you a powerful broad jet.

Die vertiefte Anordnung der Luftbohrungen in Bezug auf die Rundstrahlluftdüse führt dazu, daß sich bereits ein Ring­luftschirm gebildet hat, wenn die aus den Luftbohrungen austretende Luft auf die Außenseite des Rundluftstrahls auftrifft. Das Vorsehen zweier unterschiedlich steiler Kegel­stumpfflächen zwischen der Rundstrahlluftdüse und dem Kranz der Luftbohrungen verhindert, daß infolge der Sogwirkung bei den Luftbohrungen Farbtröpfchen in Richtung der Luft­bohrungen fließen.The recessed arrangement of the air holes with respect to the round jet air nozzle means that a ring air screen has already formed when the air emerging from the air holes hits the outside of the round air jet. The provision of two differently steep frustoconical surfaces between the omnidirectional air nozzle and the ring of the air holes prevents paint droplets from flowing in the direction of the air holes as a result of the suction effect in the air holes.

Bei Verwendung dieses Düsenkopfes bei einer Hochdruckpisto­le wird erreicht, daß die Farbe fein zerstäubt wird, eine Nebelbildung weitgehend vermieden wird und das Abströmen von Farbtröpfchen aus dem Strahlzentrum nach außen deutlich vermindert wird. Der Düsenkopf weist also die Vorteile von Düsenköpfen bei Hoch- und Niederdruckpistolen auf, vermeidet jedoch deren Nachteile.When this nozzle head is used with a high-pressure gun, the paint is atomized finely, fog formation is largely avoided and the outflow of paint droplets from the jet center to the outside is significantly reduced. The nozzle head thus has the advantages of nozzle heads in high and low pressure guns, but avoids their disadvantages.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel wird nachfolgend an Hand der Zeich­nungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1: einen Schnitt durch den Düsenkopf;
  • Fig. 2: eine stirnseitige Ansicht des Düsenkopfs;
  • Fig. 3: einen Schnitt längs der Linie A-A in Fig. 1 und
  • Fig. 4: eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Düsenkopfs nach Figur 1.
An exemplary embodiment is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. Show it:
  • 1 shows a section through the nozzle head;
  • 2: an end view of the nozzle head;
  • 3 shows a section along the line AA in Fig. 1 and
  • 4 shows an enlarged view of the nozzle head according to FIG. 1.

Der Düsenkopf weist einen Farbdüsenkörper 1 auf, der über ein Gewinde 2 mit der Farbspritzpistole verbindbar ist. Umgeben wird dieser Farbdüsenkörper 1 von einem Luftdüsenkör­per 3, der über eine Überwurfmutter 4 ebenfalls mit der Farbspritzpistole verbindbar ist. Der Farbdüsenkörper 1 weist eine zentrische Bohrung 5 auf, welche in eine konische Farbdüse 6 übergeht, die durch eine Düsennadel 7 verschließbar ist. Der Farbdüsenkörper 1 endet mit einem kreiszylindrischen Zäpfchen 8.The nozzle head has a paint nozzle body 1 which can be connected to the paint spray gun via a thread 2. This paint nozzle body 1 is surrounded by an air nozzle body 3, which can also be connected to the paint spray gun via a union nut 4. The paint nozzle body 1 has a central bore 5, which merges into a conical paint nozzle 6, which can be closed by a nozzle needle 7. The paint nozzle body 1 ends with a circular cylindrical cone 8.

Der Luftdüsenkörper 3 weist zwei einander diametral gegen­überliegende Hörner 9 auf, die jeweils eine Hornstrahlluft­düse 10 aufweisen. Diese Hornstrahlluftdüsen 10 kommunizie­ren mit Luftversorgungsbohrungen 11, die durch den Luftdü­senkörper 3 verlaufen und in einer Ringkammer 12 münden, die sich zwischen dem Farbdüsenkörper 1 und dem Luftdüsen­körper 3 bildet. Stirnseitig entsteht zwischen dem Farbdü­senkörper 1 und dem Luftdüsenkörper 3 ein Ringraum 13, zu welchem drei Luftversorgungsbohrungen 14 durch den Farb­düsenkörper 1 hindurch verlaufen. Diese Luftversorgungs­bohrungen 14 münden an einer weiteren Ringkammer 15 an der Rückseite des Farbdüsenkörpers 1.The air nozzle body 3 has two diametrically opposed horns 9, each of which has a horn jet air nozzle 10. These horn jet air nozzles 10 communicate with air supply bores 11 which run through the air nozzle body 3 and open into an annular chamber 12 which is formed between the paint nozzle body 1 and the air nozzle body 3. On the face side, an annular space 13 is formed between the paint nozzle body 1 and the air nozzle body 3, to which three air supply bores 14 run through the paint nozzle body 1. These air supply bores 14 open into a further annular chamber 15 on the rear of the paint nozzle body 1.

Der Luftdüsenkörper 3 weist eine zentrische, das Zäpfchen 8 umgebende Bohrung auf, wodurch sich zwischen dem Zäpfchen 8 und dieser Bohrung eine Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 bildet. Die luftdüsenkörperseitige Bohrung der Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 ist außenseitig mit einer nach außen divergierenden Sen­kung 17 versehen. Das Zäpfchen 8 steht über die Austritts­fläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 nach außen über.The air nozzle body 3 has a central bore which surrounds the suppository 8, as a result of which there is between the suppository 8 and this bore forms an omnidirectional air nozzle 16. The bore of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 on the air nozzle body side is provided on the outside with a depression 17 which diverges outwards. The suppository 8 projects outwards beyond the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16.

Die Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 ist von einem Kranz von Luftboh­rungen 18 umgeben. Diese Luftbohrungen münden im Ringraum 13. Diese Luftbohrungen 18 sind in Richtung der Strahlachse 19 konvergierend geneigt angeordnet. Im dargestellten Aus­führungsbeispiel beträgt die Neigung 10°. Die Austritts­mündungen der Luftbohrungen 18 sind in Bezug auf die Aus­trittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 vertieft angeordnet. Zwischen dem äußeren Rand der Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 und dem Kranz der Luftbohrungen 18 sind zwei Kegelstumpfflächen vorgesehen und zwar innenseitig eine flache Kegelstumpf­fläche 20 und eine daran sich anschließende steile Kegel­stumpffläche 21. Die Neigung der Kegelstumpffläche 20 zur Horizontalen beträgt etwa 30°.The omnidirectional air nozzle 16 is surrounded by a ring of air holes 18. These air holes open in the annular space 13. These air holes 18 are arranged in a converging incline in the direction of the beam axis 19. In the illustrated embodiment, the inclination is 10 °. The outlet openings of the air bores 18 are arranged recessed with respect to the outlet surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16. Between the outer edge of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 and the rim of the air bores 18, two truncated cone surfaces are provided, specifically a flat truncated cone surface 20 on the inside and a steep truncated cone surface 21 adjoining it.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind insgesamt 17 Luft­bohrungen 18 vorgesehen, die jeweils einen Durchmesser von 0,5 mm aufweisen. Die Wandstärke des Zäpfchens 8 beträgt weniger als 0,5 mm, sein Überstand über die Austrittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 beträgt bevorzugt 0,3 mm. Die Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 weist an ihrer engsten Stelle eine Fläche von etwa 5,5 mm² auf. Sie ist somit etwa um das 1,6fache größer als die Gesamtquerschnittsfläche der Luftbohrungen 18. Die Gesamtquerschnittsfläche der drei Luftversorgungs­bohrungen 14 ist etwa gleich groß wie die Gesamtquerschnitts­fläche der Luftbohrungen 18 zuzüglich der Querschnittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse 16. Die Gesamtquerschnittsfläche der beiden Hornstrahlluftdüsen 10 ist etwa gleichgroß wie die Gesamtquerschnittsfläche von Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 und den Luftbohrungen 18.In the illustrated embodiment, a total of 17 air holes 18 are provided, each of which has a diameter of 0.5 mm. The wall thickness of the suppository 8 is less than 0.5 mm, its projection over the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 is preferably 0.3 mm. The omnidirectional air nozzle 16 has an area of approximately 5.5 mm 2 at its narrowest point. It is thus approximately 1.6 times larger than the total cross-sectional area of the air bores 18. The total cross-sectional area of the three air supply bores 14 is approximately the same size as the total cross-sectional area of the air bores 18 plus the cross-sectional area of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16. The total cross-sectional area of the two horn jet air nozzles 10 is approximately the same size as the total cross-sectional area of omnidirectional air nozzle 16 and the air holes 18.

Wie der Figur 1 entnehmbar ist, tritt ein kegelförmiges Zerstäubungsgebiet der aus der Farbdüse 6 austretenden Farbe auf. Durch die Senkung 17 wird erreicht, daß der Rundstrahl 23 sich bereits vor dem Zerstäubungsgebiet 22 der Farbe auffächert und somit einen von innen nach außen stark ab­fallenden Geschwindigkeitsgradienten aufweist. Auf die Außen­fläche des Rundstrahls 23 trifft dann der von den Luftboh­rungen 18 erzeugte Ringluftschirm 24 auf, der eine zur Außen­fläche des Rundstrahls 23 noch geringere Geschwindigkeit aufweist. Das Einströmen von Umgebungsluft in den Bereich des Rundstrahles 23 wird hierdurch mit Sicherheit vermieden. Die geringe Wandstärke des Zäpfchens 8 und sein Überstand über die Austrittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse 16 bewirken, daß eine Nebelbildung weitgehend vermieden wird. Der Geschwindigkeitsverlauf innerhalb des Rundstrahls und des Ringluftschirms von innen nach außen gesehen ver­hindert, daß Farbtröpfchen vom Zerstäubungsgebiet nach außen gelangen.As can be seen in FIG. 1, a conical atomization area of the paint emerging from the paint nozzle 6 occurs. The depression 17 ensures that the round jet 23 fuses out in front of the atomization area 22 of the paint and thus has a speed gradient which drops sharply from the inside to the outside. The annular air screen 24 produced by the air bores 18 then strikes the outer surface of the round jet 23 and has an even lower speed to the outer surface of the round jet 23. The inflow of ambient air into the area of the omnidirectional jet 23 is hereby avoided with certainty. The small wall thickness of the suppository 8 and its projection over the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle 16 have the effect that fog formation is largely avoided. The speed curve inside the circular jet and the ring air screen, seen from the inside out, prevents paint droplets from getting out of the atomization area.

Claims (11)

1. Düsenkopf für eine Farbspritzpistole mit einer durch eine Düsennadel (7) verschließbaren Farbdüse (6), deren Zäpfchen (8) von einer Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) umgeben ist, über deren Austrittsfläche das Zäpfchen (8) über­steht, mit zwei Hornstrahlluftdüsen (10), deren Düsen­öffnungen schräg in Richtung der Strahlachse (19) geneigt sind, sowie mit durch den Düsenkörper (1, 3) verlaufenden Luftversorgungsbohrungen (11, 14) für die Luftdüsen (10, 16), bei denen die zur Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) verlau­fende Bohrungen (14) in einem die Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) umgebenden Ringraum (13) münden und diese Bohrungen (11, 14) gemeinsam mit Druckluft versorgt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß a) die Wandstärke des Zäpfchens (8) möglichst gering gehalten wird b) die Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) mit einer Senkung (17) versehen ist, die eine kegelförmige Auffächerung der die Farbdüse (6) überströmenden Rundstrahlluft (23) bewirkt c) die Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) von einem Kranz von Luft­bohrungen (18) umgeben ist, die vom Ringraum (13) ab verlaufen und d) die Austrittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) mehr als 50 % größer ist als die Gesamtquerschnittsfläche dieser Luftbohrungen (18). 1. Nozzle head for a paint spray gun with a paint nozzle (6) which can be closed by a nozzle needle (7) and whose suppository (8) is surrounded by an omnidirectional air nozzle (16), over the outlet surface of which the suppository (8) protrudes, with two horn jet air nozzles (10) , the nozzle openings of which are inclined in the direction of the jet axis (19), and with air supply holes (11, 14) for the air nozzles (10, 16) running through the nozzle body (1, 3), in which the holes for the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) (14) open into an annular space (13) surrounding the round jet air nozzle (16) and these bores (11, 14) are supplied together with compressed air, characterized in that a) the wall thickness of the suppository (8) is kept as low as possible b) the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) is provided with a depression (17) which causes a conical fanning out of the omnidirectional air (23) flowing over the paint nozzle (6) c) the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) is surrounded by a ring of air holes (18) which run from the annular space (13) and d) the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) is more than 50% larger than the total cross-sectional area of these air bores (18). 2. Düsenkopf nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn­net, daß die Wandstärke des Zäpfchens (8) weniger als 0,5 mm beträgt.2. A nozzle according to claim 1, gekennnet characterized in that the wall thickness of the suppository (8) is less than 0.5 mm. 3. Düsenkopf nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß das Zäpfchen (8) etwa 0,3 mm über die Austrittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) übersteht.3. Nozzle head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the suppository (8) about 0.3 mm above the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) protrudes. 4. Düsenkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Austrittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) zwei- bis dreimal größer ist als bei einem Düsenkopf einer herkömmlichen Hoch­druckpistole und etwa dreimal kleiner ist als bei einem Düsenkopf einer Niederdruckpistole.4. Nozzle head according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) is two to three times larger than in a nozzle head of a conventional high-pressure gun and is approximately three times smaller than in a nozzle head of a low-pressure gun. 5. Düsenkopf nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die Austrittsfläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) etwa 5,5 mm² groß ist.5. Nozzle head according to claim 4, characterized in that the exit surface of the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) is approximately 5.5 mm². 6. Düsenkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftbohrungen (18) in Richtung der Strahlachse (19) konvergierend geneigt angeordnet sind.6. Nozzle head according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the air holes (18) are arranged convergingly inclined in the direction of the jet axis (19). 7. Düsenkopf nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeich­net, daß die Neigung etwa 10° beträgt.7. Nozzle head according to claim 6, characterized in that the inclination is approximately 10 °. 8. Düsenkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mehr als zehn Luft­bohrungen (18) vorgesehen sind.8. Nozzle head according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that more than ten air holes (18) are provided. 9. Düsenkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zum Ringraum (13) verlaufenden Bohrungen (14) eine Gesamtquerschnittsfläche aufweisen, die etwa gleich ist wie die Gesamtquerschnitts­fläche der Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) und der Luftbohrungen (18).9. Nozzle head according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the bores (14) extending to the annular space (13) have a total cross-sectional area which is approximately the same as the total cross-sectional area of the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) and the air bores (18). 10. Düsenkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gesamtquerschnitts­ fläche der Hornstrahlluftdüsen (10) etwa gleich groß ist wie die Gesmtquerschnittsfläche der Rundstrahlluft­düse (10) und der Luftbohrungen (18).10. Nozzle head according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the overall cross section area of the horn jet air nozzles (10) is approximately the same size as the total cross-sectional area of the omnidirectional air nozzle (10) and the air bores (18). 11. Düsenkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Luftbohrungen (18) in Bezug auf die Rundstrahlluftdüse (16) vertieft an­geordnet sind und zwischen dem äußeren Rand der Rund­strahlluftdüse (16) und dem Kranz der Luftbohrungen (18) zuerst eine flache Kegelstumpffläche (20) und daran an­schließend eine steile Kegelstumpffläche (21) angeordnet ist.11. Nozzle head according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the air holes (18) with respect to the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) are arranged recessed and between the outer edge of the omnidirectional air nozzle (16) and the ring of air holes (18) first a flat truncated cone surface (20) and then a steep truncated cone surface (21) is arranged.
EP89113217A 1989-07-19 1989-07-19 Nozzle head Expired - Lifetime EP0408786B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89113217A EP0408786B1 (en) 1989-07-19 1989-07-19 Nozzle head
DE89113217T DE58905400D1 (en) 1989-07-19 1989-07-19 Nozzle head.
ES89113217T ES2045288T3 (en) 1989-07-19 1989-07-19 NOZZLE HEAD
AT89113217T ATE93417T1 (en) 1989-07-19 1989-07-19 NOZZLE HEAD.
US07/512,316 US5088648A (en) 1989-07-19 1990-04-23 Nozzle head for a paint spray gun

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89113217A EP0408786B1 (en) 1989-07-19 1989-07-19 Nozzle head

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0408786A1 true EP0408786A1 (en) 1991-01-23
EP0408786B1 EP0408786B1 (en) 1993-08-25

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ID=8201643

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EP89113217A Expired - Lifetime EP0408786B1 (en) 1989-07-19 1989-07-19 Nozzle head

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US (1) US5088648A (en)
EP (1) EP0408786B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE93417T1 (en)
DE (1) DE58905400D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2045288T3 (en)

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EP0650766A2 (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-03 Ransburg Corporation Suction feed nozzle assembly for HVLP spray gun
US5540385A (en) * 1993-11-22 1996-07-30 Itw Limited Spray nozzle for high volume low pressure air
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US6793155B2 (en) * 2002-03-14 2004-09-21 Tiao-Hsiang Huang Spray gun pressure stabilizer
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EP0650766A2 (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-03 Ransburg Corporation Suction feed nozzle assembly for HVLP spray gun
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US5540385A (en) * 1993-11-22 1996-07-30 Itw Limited Spray nozzle for high volume low pressure air
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0408786B1 (en) 1993-08-25
US5088648A (en) 1992-02-18
ATE93417T1 (en) 1993-09-15
ES2045288T3 (en) 1994-01-16
DE58905400D1 (en) 1993-09-30

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