EP0408453A1 - Vorrichtung für eine elektromagnetische Giessdüse zum Regeln eines Flüssigmetallstrahles - Google Patents
Vorrichtung für eine elektromagnetische Giessdüse zum Regeln eines Flüssigmetallstrahles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0408453A1 EP0408453A1 EP90402006A EP90402006A EP0408453A1 EP 0408453 A1 EP0408453 A1 EP 0408453A1 EP 90402006 A EP90402006 A EP 90402006A EP 90402006 A EP90402006 A EP 90402006A EP 0408453 A1 EP0408453 A1 EP 0408453A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- electromagnetic
- jet
- liquid metal
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/08—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like for bottom pouring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D39/00—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations
- B22D39/003—Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations using electromagnetic field
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electromagnetic nozzle device which can be used in particular at the outlet of a crucible for the stabilized casting of a liquid metal with variable flow rate in the form of ultra-clean material intended in particular for the atomization of metal powders such as for manufacture of superalloy parts for aeronautical applications.
- the known and currently used methods for the preparation of superalloys involve melting operations in a crucible of refractory material of ceramic type carried out in a vacuum furnace . During this operation, a metal / ceramic reaction takes place, which inevitably results in the presence of ceramic inclusions in the material obtained. A refining of the superalloy is therefore made necessary each time the application conditions impose the obtaining of a so-called super-clean superalloy. This is particularly the case for nickel-based superalloys intended for aeronautical applications, such as parts of aeronautical turbine engines or other propulsion assemblies.
- Various known techniques are used to obtain such an inclusive refining, for example by remelting in a cooled crucible, the fusion being obtained either by electric arc, or by electron beam or by plasma beam.
- the contact between liquid metal and solid walls of the nozzle leads to double pollution of the metal: - On the one hand, chemical pollution due to the reaction of the liquid metal at high temperature with the oxides contained in the refractory materials constituting the walls; - on the other hand, physical pollution due to abrasion of the walls of the nozzle by the passage of molten metal.
- FR-A-2 316 026, FR-A-2 396 612 and FR-A-2 397 251 have thus described electromagnetic devices operating at high frequency in which a copper screen is necessary to obtain the desired confinement.
- the industrial implementation of such devices such as on an installation for atomizing powders of nickel-based superalloys, however presents serious difficulties.
- FR-A-2 457 730 can eliminate the copper screen, but the device operating at low frequency requires in many applications to use significant powers, not compatible with industrialization, as soon as significant reductions in the jet of liquid metal are becoming necessary, especially in powder atomization techniques.
- An electromagnetic nozzle device making it possible to avoid the drawbacks of known prior devices is characterized in that the electromagnetic induction with turns is associated with a magnetic field concentrator device disposed between said coil inductor and the outlet walls of the crucible which it surrounds externally, said magnetic field concentrator device consisting of four to eight three-dimensional sectors separated by radial slots, each sector comprising a diametrically external semi-cylindrical wall and a semi-wall -cylindrical diametrically internal, coaxial and of smaller height, the respective four edges of these walls being joined by planar portions and the cavity thus formed being cooled by water, said internal and external walls comprising turns forming an electromagnetic inductor.
- FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show detailed views of an electromagnetic nozzle device produced in accordance with the invention usable for controlling the jet of liquid metal, in particular at the outlet of the crucible of a installation for casting molten metal as partially shown in FIG. 2.
- the nozzle comprises an electromagnetic inductor 1, of a type known per se, comprising several turns 1 a and the implementation of which (power supplies, etc.) is also known per se and does not will not be the subject of a more detailed description.
- the inductor 1 is disposed at the outlet of a crucible 2 and externally surrounds the walls of said crucible. Between said inductor 1 and said walls of the crucible 2 is placed a device 3 magnetic field concentrator.
- the field concentrator 3 is sectorized and in fact, the field concentration effect appears as soon as a slot is present. To avoid deformation or deflection of the jet due to a higher magnetic field intensity in front of a slot, the field concentrator 3 is produced in an even number of equal sectors distributed symmetrically. For ease of production and in the applications targeted by the invention for the casting of metals or the atomization of superalloys, in particular based on nickel, the number of sectors provided is eight but it can be reduced to four.
- each sector 4 is made of copper plates and has a radially outer wall 4 has a semi-cylindrical wall arranged vertically relative to the crucible 2 and a wall radially internal 4b semi-cylindrical, coaxial with the previous one but of lower height.
- the respective four edges of these wall elements 4a and 4b are joined by four planar wall portions, upper 4c, lower 4d and lateral 4e and 4f. the internal cavity 5 thus formed inside each sector 4 is filled with cooling water.
- Each semi-cylindrical wall 4a and 4b has turns 6a and 7a so as to form an electromagnetic inductor.
- the sectors 4 of the magnetic field concentrator 3 are separated by radial slots 3a.
- the crucible 2 of a type known per se has walls 8 whose particular geometry makes it possible to keep most of the liquid metal 9 in levitation. Said walls 8 include cooling tubes 10 supplied by a water box 11. The liquid metal is discharged at the outlet of the crucible 2 through an orifice 12 masked by a cooled finger 13 capable of being retracted.
- the detail of the lower part of the crucible 2, opened after retraction of the finger 13, shown in FIG. 3 shows the evacuation of a jet of liquid metal from the crucible.
- the jet of liquid metal has a diameter coincident with that of the material nozzle 14 located at the bottom of the crucible 2.
- the metal jet has a reduction in section 15.
- the lower part of this crucible 20 schematically represented in the FIG. 4 comprises an orifice 31 at the level of which the concentrator 3 of magnetic fields is positioned which causes a reduction in section 15 which separates the metal from contact with the wall 32a of the material nozzle 32.
- the restoring force is obtained when the magnetic field generates an increasing force in the radial direction from the surface of the jet, which causes, in conservative flux, a similar variation in the axial direction.
- the efficiency of the device increases with frequency. Increasing the frequency also has the advantage of reducing the mixing effects of the liquid metal.
- practical limits which can be determined experimentally for each application are imposed on the frequencies.
- a maximum frequency f2 is thus determined from the following criteria: - limitation of the powers used; - risks of electric strikes between the different sectors 4 of the magnetic field concentrator 3 or between them and the metal jet:; - increase with the frequency of losses in the inductor 1 and the field concentrator 3; - device efficiency measured by the contraction coefficient X, expressed in percent and defined by: X (de - ds) / de with de, diameter of the liquid stream at the inlet of the nozzle and ds, diameter of the liquid stream at the outlet of the nozzle.
- a frequency domain f such as: 100 Hz ⁇ f, ⁇ 106 Hz in which the jet of liquid metal is not only channeled but also contracted is thus obtained.
- the electromagnetic nozzle device with field concentrator device thus makes it possible to ensure, by means of a choice of implementation parameters adapted to each application according to the criteria which have been indicated. the desired results and in particular a separation of the liquid metal from the walls of the reflow crucible, in particular at the level of the material nozzle leaving the crucible, thus avoiding any contact between walls and liquid metal and thereby any risk of pollution.
- the device also has the advantage of ensuring stability of the jet of liquid metal contracted over a significant distance and thus a laminar flow is obtained over a distance which can be greater than ten times the outlet diameter of the electromagnetic nozzle.
- the compactness of the device according to the invention facilitates the installation at the outlet of the crucible of an installation of the "super clean" type of reflow by electron beam, by plasma beam or, as in the example described, by reflow in a cold crucible, a casting installation (in a mold for example) or finally a powder atomization installation.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8909369 | 1989-07-12 | ||
| FR8909369A FR2649625B1 (fr) | 1989-07-12 | 1989-07-12 | Dispositif de busette electromagnetique pour le controle d'un jet de metal liquide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0408453A1 true EP0408453A1 (de) | 1991-01-16 |
| EP0408453B1 EP0408453B1 (de) | 1993-03-31 |
Family
ID=9383711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90402006A Expired - Lifetime EP0408453B1 (de) | 1989-07-12 | 1990-07-12 | Vorrichtung für eine elektromagnetische Giessdüse zum Regeln eines Flüssigmetallstrahles |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5074532A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0408453B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH0645810B2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69001217T2 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2649625B1 (de) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0486830A2 (de) * | 1990-11-17 | 1992-05-27 | Eckart-Werke Standard Bronzepulver-Werke Carl Eckart Gmbh & Co. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallpartikeln aus einer Metallschmelze durch Verdüsung |
| EP0539051A1 (de) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-04-28 | General Electric Company | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur direkten Weiterverarbeitung von durch Elektroschlackeumschmelzen gereinigten Materialien |
| EP0549984A2 (de) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-07 | National Research Institute For Metals | Schwebe- und Schmelz-Vorrichtung |
| EP0636848A1 (de) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-01 | Imphy S.A. | Schmelzverfahren von elektroleitenden Materialien in einem Induktionsschmelzofen mit kaltem Tiegel und Ofen dafür |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5272718A (en) * | 1990-04-09 | 1993-12-21 | Leybold Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for forming a stream of molten material |
| DE4222399C2 (de) * | 1992-07-08 | 2001-06-07 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Gießstrahl-Führungstrichter |
| US5261611A (en) * | 1992-07-17 | 1993-11-16 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Metal atomization spray nozzle |
| DE4319128C1 (de) * | 1993-06-09 | 1995-02-23 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur freiformenden Herstellung dreidimensionaler Bauteile einer vorgegebenen Form |
| US5598200A (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1997-01-28 | Gore; David W. | Method and apparatus for producing a discrete droplet of high temperature liquid |
| JP2001516282A (ja) * | 1996-08-03 | 2001-09-25 | デイデイエル―ヴエルケ アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | 液状の金属を注入及び／又は鋳造する方法、装置及び耐火性ノズル |
| FR2773820B1 (fr) * | 1998-01-22 | 2000-02-25 | Snecma | Procede d'enduction metallique de fibres par voie liquide |
| FR2779363B1 (fr) * | 1998-06-08 | 2001-01-19 | Bruno Jean Marie Aubert | Procede d'acceleration et de guidage de fluides dans un champ electromagnetique. mise en oeuvre sur une lance a incendie pour en augmenter la portee |
| FR2788709B1 (fr) * | 1999-01-21 | 2001-02-23 | Snecma | Procede pour alimenter un creuset a levitation |
| TW200505932A (en) * | 2003-04-23 | 2005-02-16 | Stella Chemifa Kk | Apparatus for producing fluoride crystal |
| JP4902119B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-12 | 2012-03-21 | デジタルパウダー株式会社 | 金属シリコン粒子の製造方法 |
| CN100357049C (zh) * | 2005-09-29 | 2007-12-26 | 赫冀成 | 电磁旋流水口 |
| DE102008037259A1 (de) * | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-25 | Doncasters Precision Castings-Bochum Gmbh | Elektromagnetischer Stopfen |
| US9707621B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2017-07-18 | Erasteel Klister AB | System for metal atomisation and method for atomising metal powder |
| FR3044748B1 (fr) * | 2015-12-03 | 2019-07-19 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Four a creuset froid a chauffage par deux inducteurs electromagnetiques, utilisation du four pour la fusion d'un melange de metal(ux) et d'oxyde(s) representatif d'un corium |
| CN105945271B (zh) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-10-26 | 上海华培动力科技股份有限公司 | 一种自动可控定量浇注装置及其浇注工艺 |
| CN106334799A (zh) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-01-18 | 张森 | 一种金属粉末的生产方法 |
| CN106363188A (zh) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-02-01 | 张森 | 一种形成稳定的金属液流的装置 |
| EP3363560A1 (de) * | 2017-02-20 | 2018-08-22 | ABB Schweiz AG | Verfahren und rührsystem zu steuerung eines elektromagnetischen rührers |
| WO2019246255A1 (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-26 | Ultraflex International, Inc. | Melting and controlling the flow of molten metal by electromagnetic force utilizing multiple induction coils |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0021889A1 (de) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-01-07 | ANVAR Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche | Verfahren zum Einschnüren flüssiger Metallströme durch Anwendung eines elektromagnetischen Feldes |
| EP0153205A1 (de) * | 1984-01-18 | 1985-08-28 | UNION SIDERURGIQUE DU NORD ET DE L'EST DE LA FRANCE par abréviation "USINOR" | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dünnen Metall- und Halbmetallbändern |
| US4572279A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1986-02-25 | Olin Corporation | Electromagnetic shaping of thin ribbon conductor strip cast onto a chill wheel |
| EP0260617A1 (de) * | 1986-09-16 | 1988-03-23 | Centrem S.A. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und Weiterverarbeitung metallischer Stoffe |
| EP0345146A1 (de) * | 1988-05-30 | 1989-12-06 | Ugine S.A. | Induktor für Vorrichtungen zur Formung von flüssigem Metall durch elektromagnetische Kräfte |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2316026A1 (fr) * | 1975-07-04 | 1977-01-28 | Anvar | Dispositif electromagnetique de confinement des metaux liquides |
| FR2396612A2 (fr) * | 1977-07-08 | 1979-02-02 | Anvar | Dispositif electromagnetique de confinement des metaux liquides pour realiser une regulation de debit |
| FR2397251A1 (fr) * | 1977-07-12 | 1979-02-09 | Anvar | Procede et dispositif pour diriger, en l'absence de parois, des veines metalliques liquides, notamment pour les centrer, les guider ou controler leur forme circulaire |
-
1989
- 1989-07-12 FR FR8909369A patent/FR2649625B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-07-09 JP JP2181373A patent/JPH0645810B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-10 US US07/550,491 patent/US5074532A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-12 DE DE9090402006T patent/DE69001217T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-12 EP EP90402006A patent/EP0408453B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0021889A1 (de) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-01-07 | ANVAR Agence Nationale de Valorisation de la Recherche | Verfahren zum Einschnüren flüssiger Metallströme durch Anwendung eines elektromagnetischen Feldes |
| EP0153205A1 (de) * | 1984-01-18 | 1985-08-28 | UNION SIDERURGIQUE DU NORD ET DE L'EST DE LA FRANCE par abréviation "USINOR" | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von dünnen Metall- und Halbmetallbändern |
| US4572279A (en) * | 1984-02-27 | 1986-02-25 | Olin Corporation | Electromagnetic shaping of thin ribbon conductor strip cast onto a chill wheel |
| EP0260617A1 (de) * | 1986-09-16 | 1988-03-23 | Centrem S.A. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung und Weiterverarbeitung metallischer Stoffe |
| EP0345146A1 (de) * | 1988-05-30 | 1989-12-06 | Ugine S.A. | Induktor für Vorrichtungen zur Formung von flüssigem Metall durch elektromagnetische Kräfte |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0486830A2 (de) * | 1990-11-17 | 1992-05-27 | Eckart-Werke Standard Bronzepulver-Werke Carl Eckart Gmbh & Co. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallpartikeln aus einer Metallschmelze durch Verdüsung |
| EP0486830A3 (en) * | 1990-11-17 | 1993-08-18 | Eckart-Werke Standard Bronzepulver-Werke Carl Eckart Gmbh & Co. | Process for the atomisation of molten metal to produce metal powders |
| EP0539051A1 (de) * | 1991-10-21 | 1993-04-28 | General Electric Company | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur direkten Weiterverarbeitung von durch Elektroschlackeumschmelzen gereinigten Materialien |
| EP0549984A2 (de) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-07-07 | National Research Institute For Metals | Schwebe- und Schmelz-Vorrichtung |
| EP0549984A3 (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1993-09-15 | National Research Institute For Metals | Levitating and fusing device |
| EP0636848A1 (de) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-01 | Imphy S.A. | Schmelzverfahren von elektroleitenden Materialien in einem Induktionsschmelzofen mit kaltem Tiegel und Ofen dafür |
| FR2708725A1 (fr) * | 1993-07-29 | 1995-02-10 | Imphy Sa | Procédé de fusion d'un matériau électroconducteur dans un four de fusion par induction en creuset froid et four de fusion pour la mise en Óoeuvre de ce procédé. |
| US5563904A (en) * | 1993-07-29 | 1996-10-08 | Tecphy | Process for melting an electroconductive material in a cold crucible induction melting furnace and melting furnace for carrying out the process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5074532A (en) | 1991-12-24 |
| FR2649625A1 (fr) | 1991-01-18 |
| JPH03115508A (ja) | 1991-05-16 |
| DE69001217D1 (de) | 1993-05-06 |
| EP0408453B1 (de) | 1993-03-31 |
| FR2649625B1 (fr) | 1994-05-13 |
| DE69001217T2 (de) | 1993-09-23 |
| JPH0645810B2 (ja) | 1994-06-15 |
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