EP0403767B1 - Internal combustion engine piston with a cooling oil stream through the piston head - Google Patents
Internal combustion engine piston with a cooling oil stream through the piston head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0403767B1 EP0403767B1 EP90108027A EP90108027A EP0403767B1 EP 0403767 B1 EP0403767 B1 EP 0403767B1 EP 90108027 A EP90108027 A EP 90108027A EP 90108027 A EP90108027 A EP 90108027A EP 0403767 B1 EP0403767 B1 EP 0403767B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- piston
- cooling chamber
- chamber
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 77
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/16—Pistons having cooling means
- F02F3/20—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
- F02F3/22—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
- F02F3/225—Pistons having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid the liquid being directed into blind holes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plunger for internal combustion engines with a piston head flooded with cooling oil according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a piston is known from DE 38 30 033 A1.
- the object of the invention is to improve, in a piston with the cooling oil guiding means of the generic type, the cooling effect emanating from the cooling oil shaking in the blind holes on the piston head.
- the purpose of the at least one proposed overflow channel is, in the case of cooling oil penetrating in the direction of the closed end of the blind bores into the cooling oil which, in this operating state, sets in the lower region of the cooling space which is supplied with oil from the outside and passes the cooling oil into the blind bores through a negative pressure caused by the To reduce ventilation flow flowing overflow channels.
- Another effect of the overflow channels is that when the cooling oil flows through the piston into the floor area of the cooling space into which the cooling oil is first introduced, oil can flow out through the overflow channels, thereby generating additional cooling oil-free space in the cooling oil guide means can. It is important, however, that an excessive flow of oil cannot flow through the overflow channels, since this cooling oil practically flows out in a short circuit that is in principle undesirable.
- the flow cross section of all overflow channel openings must therefore be substantially smaller than the total flow cross section of the cross bores connecting the blind bores with the central cooling space.
- overflow channels open radially above the floor of the cooling space into which the cooling oil is introduced from the outside, the risk of an excessive short-circuit oil flow is already considerably reduced from the outset.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing, which shows a longitudinal section through a piston.
- the piston consists of a lower piston part 1, which is connected to a piston crown via expansion screws (not shown) extending in the longitudinal direction of the piston.
- the cooling oil is transferred from the cooling ring channel 4 into the central cooling chamber 5 via blind hole bores 6, which flow out of the piston crown 2 into the cooling ring channel 4 approximately in the longitudinal direction of the piston and are distributed over the piston circumference and are in turn connected to the central cooling chamber 5 via radial transverse bores 7. These transverse bores 7 open into the blind holes 6 approximately in the region of the closed ends thereof.
- Overflow channels 8 lead from the lower area of the cooling ring channel 4 into the lower area of the central cooling room 5.
- the overflow channels can also be formed by radial recesses in the axially superimposed surfaces of the piston crown 2 and the lower part 1 between the cooling ring channel 4 and the central cooling room 5.
- the structural design of the cooling oil guide means 4, 6, 7 and 5 including the cooling oil supply and discharge lines is coordinated with one another together with the set cooling oil flow rate in such a way that, during engine operation, the oil inside the cooling ring channel 4 and the blind holes 6 opening into it can shake freely.
- the overflow channels 8 serve to improve this shaker effect, which is important for intensive cooling of the piston crown part 2. These ensure pressure equalization between the cooling ring channel 4 and the central cooling chamber 5. When the cooling oil is moved out of the cooling ring channel 4 into the blind holes 6, this pressure equalization causes an inflow of air into the outer ring channel 4. This creates the possibility that that part of the oil in the blind holes 6 which has not passed through the transverse holes 7 to the central cooling chamber 5 can be thrown back into the outer cooling ring channel 4. This ensures an optimal shaker effect.
- oil can flow radially inward through the overflow channels 8 in this operating state and thereby create additional oil-free space within the cooling ring channel 4 and the blind holes 6 opening into it.
- the flow cross section created by the overflow channels 8 is substantially smaller than that which is formed by the sum of the flow cross sections of the cross bores 7. It has proven to be advantageous to make the flow cross-section, which is totalized by the overflow channels 8 distributed over the circumference, more than ten times smaller than the corresponding flow cross-section of the cross bores 7. In a specific exemplary embodiment, excellent cooling results were achieved with a cross-sectional ratio of the bores mentioned of 15: 1 achieved.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Tauchkolben für Verbrennungsmotoren mit einem kühlöldurchfluteten Kolbenkopf nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Ein solcher Kolben ist aus DE 38 30 033 A1 bekannt.The invention relates to a plunger for internal combustion engines with a piston head flooded with cooling oil according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a piston is known from DE 38 30 033 A1.
Für eine gute Kühlwirkung ist es bei derartig gekühlten Kolben wichtig, daß die etwa parallel zur Kolbenlängsachse verlaufenden Sacklochbohrungen während der oszillierenden Bewegung des Kolbens möglichst vollständig gefüllt und entleert werden. Zu diesem Zweck ist es bekannt, den Kühlölstrom so einzustellen, daß der von dem äußeren Kühlringkanal und den darin einmündenden Sacklochbohrungen gebildete Ölaufnahmeraum niemals vollständig mit Öl ausgefüllt ist. Die Menge des Kühlölstromes und die konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Kühlölführungsmittel sind vielmehr so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß das Kühlöl bei der Hubbewegung des Kolbens in diesem Raum frei shakern kann.For a good cooling effect, it is important in the case of pistons cooled in this way that the blind holes approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the piston are filled and emptied as completely as possible during the oscillating movement of the piston. For this purpose, it is known to adjust the cooling oil flow in such a way that the oil receiving space formed by the outer cooling ring channel and the blind holes opening therein is never completely filled with oil. The amount of cooling oil flow and the design of the cooling oil guide means are rather coordinated with one another so that the cooling oil can shake freely in this space during the stroke movement of the piston.
Hiervon ausgehend liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Kolben mit den gattungsgemäß ausgestalteten Kühlölführungsmitteln die von dem in den Sacklochbohrungen shakernden Kühlöl auf den Kolbenkopf ausgehende Kühlwirkung zu verbessern.Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to improve, in a piston with the cooling oil guiding means of the generic type, the cooling effect emanating from the cooling oil shaking in the blind holes on the piston head.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch das Vorsehen mindestens eines zusätzlichen Überströmkanals nach dem kennzeichnenden Merkmal des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by the provision of at least one additional overflow channel according to the characterizing feature of claim 1.
Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche 2 und 3.Expedient configurations are the subject of
Der Zweck des mindestens einen vorgeschlagenen Überströmkanals besteht darin, bei in Richtung des geschlossenen Endes der Sacklochbohrungen in diese eindringendem Kühlöl den sich in diesem Betriebszustand im unteren Bereich des jeweils von außen mit Öl beaufschlagten das Kühlöl in die Sacklochbohrungen weiterleitenden Kühlraumes einstellenden Unterdruck durch einen durch die Überströmkanäle fließenden Lüftungsstrom abzubauen. Eine weitere Wirkung der Überströmkanäle besteht darin, daß bei einer durch die Kolbenbewegung bedingten Strömung des Kühlöles in den Bodenbereich desjenigen Kühlraumes, in den das Kühlöl von außen zuerst eingeleitet wird, Öl durch die Überströmkanäle abfließen kann, wodurch zusätzlicher kühlölfreier Raum in den Kühlölführungsmitteln erzeugt werden kann. Wichtig ist dabei allerdings, daß durch die Überströmkanäle kein zu großer Ölstrom abfließen kann, da dieses Kühlöl praktisch in einem im Prinzip unerwünschten Kurzschluß abfließt. Der Strömungsquerschnitt sämtlicher Überströmkanalöffnungen muß daher wesentlich geringer als der aufsummierte Strömungsquerschnitt der die Sacklochbohrungen mit dem zentralen Kühlraum verbindenden Querbohrungen sein.The purpose of the at least one proposed overflow channel is, in the case of cooling oil penetrating in the direction of the closed end of the blind bores into the cooling oil which, in this operating state, sets in the lower region of the cooling space which is supplied with oil from the outside and passes the cooling oil into the blind bores through a negative pressure caused by the To reduce ventilation flow flowing overflow channels. Another effect of the overflow channels is that when the cooling oil flows through the piston into the floor area of the cooling space into which the cooling oil is first introduced, oil can flow out through the overflow channels, thereby generating additional cooling oil-free space in the cooling oil guide means can. It is important, however, that an excessive flow of oil cannot flow through the overflow channels, since this cooling oil practically flows out in a short circuit that is in principle undesirable. The flow cross section of all overflow channel openings must therefore be substantially smaller than the total flow cross section of the cross bores connecting the blind bores with the central cooling space.
Münden die Überströmkanäle radial oberhalb des Bodens desjenigen Kühlraumes, in den das Kühlöl von außen eingeleitet wird, ein, so ist die Gefahr eines zu großen Kurzschlußölstromes bereits von vornherein erheblich gemindert.The overflow channels open radially above the floor of the cooling space into which the cooling oil is introduced from the outside, the risk of an excessive short-circuit oil flow is already considerably reduced from the outset.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt, die einen Längsschnitt durch einen Kolben zeigt.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing, which shows a longitudinal section through a piston.
Der Kolben besteht aus einem Kolbenunterteil 1, das mit einem Kolbenboden über nicht dargestellte in Kolbenlängsrichtung verlaufende Dehnschrauben verbunden ist.The piston consists of a lower piston part 1, which is connected to a piston crown via expansion screws (not shown) extending in the longitudinal direction of the piston.
Im Bereich der Kolbenringnuten 3 befindet sich zwischen dem Unterteil 1 und Kolbenboden 2 ein von beiden Teilen begrenzter Kühlringkanal 4, in den von der Ölversorgung des Motors aus Kühlöl eingepumpt wird, das von dort in einen zentralen Kühlraum 5 zwischen Kolbenboden 2 und Unterteil 1 geleitet wird. Von dem zentralen Kühlraum 5 aus fließt das Kühlöl über eine zentrale Öffnung zur Ölversorgungsquelle zurück.In the area of the
Die Überleitung des Kühlöles aus dem Kühlringkanal 4 in den zentralen Kühlraum 5 erfolgt über aus dem Kolbenboden 2 etwa in Kolbenlängsrichtung in den Kühlringkanal 4 einmündende über den Kolbenumfang verteilte Sacklochbohrungen 6, die wiederum über radiale Querbohrungen 7 mit dem zentralen Kühlraum 5 verbunden sind. Diese Querbohrungen 7 münden etwa im Bereich der geschlossenen Enden der Sacklochbohrungen 6 in diese ein.The cooling oil is transferred from the
Von dem unteren Bereich des Kühlringkanals 4 führen Überströmkanäle 8 in den unteren Bereich des zentralen Kühlraumes 5. Die Überströmkanäle können auch durch radiale Ausnehmungen in den axial aufeinanderliegenden Flächen des Kolbenbodens 2 und des Unterteils 1 zwischen Kühlringkanal 4 und zentralem Kühlraum 5 gebildet sein.
Die konstruktive Auslegung der Kühlölführungsmittel 4, 6, 7 und 5 einschließlich der Kühlölzuführ- und Abführleitungen ist zusammen mit dem eingestellten Kühlölmengenstrom derart aufeinander abgestimmt, daß im Motorbetrieb das Öl innerhalb des Kühlringkanales 4 und der in diesen mündenden Sacklochbohrungen 6 frei shakern kann.The structural design of the cooling oil guide means 4, 6, 7 and 5 including the cooling oil supply and discharge lines is coordinated with one another together with the set cooling oil flow rate in such a way that, during engine operation, the oil inside the
Zur Verbesserung dieser für eine intensive Kühlung des Kolbenbodenteiles 2 wichtigen Shakerwirkung dienen die Überströmkanäle 8. Diese sorgen für einen Druckausgleich zwischen dem Kühlringkanal 4 und dem zentralen Kühlraum 5. Beim Bewegen des Kühlöles aus dem Kühlringkanal 4 in die Sacklochbohrungen 6 hinein bewirkt dieser Druckausgleich ein Einfließen von Luft in den äußeren Ringkanal 4. Dadurch wird die Möglichkeit geschaffen, daß derjenige Teil des Öles in den Sacklochbohrungen 6, der nicht durch die Querbohrungen 7 zum zentralen Kühlraum 5 übergetreten ist, zurück in den äußeren Kühlringkanal 4 geschleudert werden kann. Hierdurch wird eine optimale Shakerwirkung erzielt.The
Wird aufgrund der Massen- und Beschleunigungskräfte während der Kolbenhubbewegungen Kühlöl auf den Grund des Kühlringkanales gepreßt, so kann in diesem Betriebszustand Öl durch die Überströmkanäle 8 nach radial innen abfließen und dadurch für zusätzlichen ölfreien Raum innerhalb des Kühlringkanals 4 sowie der in diesen mündenden Sacklochbohrungen 6 schaffen.Is due to the mass and acceleration forces pressed during the piston stroke movements cooling oil to the bottom of the cooling ring channel, oil can flow radially inward through the
Der durch die Überströmkanäle 8 geschaffene Strömungsquerschnitt ist wesentlich kleiner als derjenige, der durch die Summe der Strömungsquerschnitte der Querbohrungen 7 gebildet ist. Als günstig hat sich herausgestellt, den von den über den Umfang verteilten Überströmkanälen 8 aufsummiert gebildeten Strömungsquerschnitt um mehr als das zehnfache kleiner auszubilden als den entsprechenden Strömungsquerschnitt der Querbohrungen 7. In einem konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel wurden ausgezeichnete Kühlergebnisse bei einem Querschnittsverhältsnis der genannten Bohrungen von 15 : 1 erzielt.The flow cross section created by the
Claims (3)
- Trunk piston for internal combustion engines with a piston head which is permeated by cooling oil, in which the cooling oil guide means consist of a closed cooling ring channel (4) which is located radially externally and into which blind bores (6) orientated substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the piston merge from the piston base, and a central cooling chamber (5) which is connected, in an upper cooling chamber region directed toward the piston base via radial transverse bores (7), to at least individual blind bores (6) in each case in a region located remotely from the open end of the respective blind bore (6), wherein the cooling oil is supplied to the cooling oil guide means radially internally via the central cooling chamber (5) or radially externally via the external cooling ring channel (4) through a supply line which is, in particular, closed and does not completely fill the cooling oil guide means to allow an oil shaker movement in any operating state of the piston, characterised in that, in a lower cooling chamber region located remotely from the piston base relative to the upper cooling chamber region, from the respective cooling chamber (cooling ring channel (4) or central cooling chamber (5)), into which the cooling oil is firstly introduced, at least one overflow channel (8) leads into a chamber,which is gaseously connected to the crank chamber of the engine, the added cross section of flow of the overflow channel (8) being considerably smaller than that of all the radial transverse bores (7) between the blind bores (6) and the central cooling chamber (5).
- Trunk piston according to claim 1, characterised in that the overflow channel of which there is at least one merges in the respective cooling chamber (cooling ring channel (4) or cooling chamber (5)) substantially radially in each case and at a distance from the respective cooling chamber base.
- Trunk piston according to claim 2, characterised in that the overflow channels (8) connect the external cooling ring chamber (4) to the central cooling chamber (5), the overflow channels merging axially below the transverse bores (7) into the central cooling chamber.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3919872A DE3919872A1 (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1989-06-19 | SUBMERSIBLE PISTON FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES WITH A PISTON HEAD FLOODED WITH COOLING OIL |
| DE3919872 | 1989-06-19 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0403767A2 EP0403767A2 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
| EP0403767A3 EP0403767A3 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
| EP0403767B1 true EP0403767B1 (en) | 1994-01-19 |
Family
ID=6382976
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90108027A Expired - Lifetime EP0403767B1 (en) | 1989-06-19 | 1990-04-27 | Internal combustion engine piston with a cooling oil stream through the piston head |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0403767B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2911549B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3919872A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111868367A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-10-30 | 大众汽车股份公司 | Reciprocating piston for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and use of a reciprocating piston in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4120850A1 (en) * | 1991-06-25 | 1993-01-07 | Kolbenschmidt Ag | BUILT OIL-COOLED PISTON FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
| DE4221240C2 (en) * | 1992-06-27 | 2003-01-30 | Mahle Gmbh | Cooled two-part piston |
| DE4410141B4 (en) * | 1994-03-24 | 2008-05-08 | Mahle Gmbh | Closing of production-related holes in pistons with cooling channel |
| FI106396B (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 2001-01-31 | Wecometal Oy | Internal combustion piston |
| GB9909034D0 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 1999-06-16 | Seneca Tech Ltd | Piston coolant path |
| JP4965522B2 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2012-07-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Wear-resistant ring for piston |
| MD4134C1 (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2012-05-31 | Ион РАССОХИН | Internal combustion engine piston |
| GB201217067D0 (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2012-11-07 | British American Tobacco Co | Heating smokable material |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2407429A (en) * | 1944-05-19 | 1946-09-10 | Fairbanks Morse & Co | Wrist pin assembly |
| DE3518721C3 (en) * | 1985-05-24 | 1997-09-04 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Oil-cooled, multi-part plunger of an internal combustion engine |
| DE3643039A1 (en) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-30 | Mahle Gmbh | COOLABLE SUBMERSIBLE PISTON FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| DE3830033C2 (en) * | 1987-11-30 | 1998-05-07 | Mahle Gmbh | Built, oil-cooled plunger for internal combustion engines |
-
1989
- 1989-06-19 DE DE3919872A patent/DE3919872A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1990
- 1990-04-27 DE DE90108027T patent/DE59004281D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-27 EP EP90108027A patent/EP0403767B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-14 JP JP2154143A patent/JP2911549B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111868367A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2020-10-30 | 大众汽车股份公司 | Reciprocating piston for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine and use of a reciprocating piston in a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2911549B2 (en) | 1999-06-23 |
| JPH0331566A (en) | 1991-02-12 |
| DE3919872A1 (en) | 1990-12-20 |
| EP0403767A2 (en) | 1990-12-27 |
| DE59004281D1 (en) | 1994-03-03 |
| EP0403767A3 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
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