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EP0487345A2 - Baustein - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0487345A2
EP0487345A2 EP91310752A EP91310752A EP0487345A2 EP 0487345 A2 EP0487345 A2 EP 0487345A2 EP 91310752 A EP91310752 A EP 91310752A EP 91310752 A EP91310752 A EP 91310752A EP 0487345 A2 EP0487345 A2 EP 0487345A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opposed
block
semi
projections
projection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91310752A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0487345A3 (de
Inventor
Stephanus Petrus Naude
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0487345A2 publication Critical patent/EP0487345A2/de
Publication of EP0487345A3 publication Critical patent/EP0487345A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/24—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a building block.
  • a building block comprising a pair of opposed major side faces, a pair of opposed minor end faces and a pair of opposed major upper and lower faces, the upper or the lower face having a profile, when viewed in a direction normal to the end faces, with an outer semi-channel and an inner full channel alternating with an inner full projection and an outer semi-projection, the semi-channel and the semi-projection being half the width of the full channel and the full projection, and the channels and projections extending longitudinally between the opposed end faces of the block; and the opposed lower or upper face of the block being symmetrical about an imaginary axid which extends transversely between opposed side faces to divide the lower or upper face into two equal halves, each half having a profile, when viewed normal to the major side faces, comprising a semi-projection and a full projection alternating with a full channel and a semi-channel, which extend transversely between opposed side faces, and which are complemental with the channels and projections on the opposed respective upper or lower face.
  • At least one aperture extends between the upper and lower faces, the aperture being defined by opposed side and end walls of the block.
  • a pair of apertures extends between the upper and the lower faces, the apertures being divided by an inner web which extends transversely between the opposed side walls of the block parallel to the end walls.
  • the web is located exactly midway along the side walls of the block, so as to define two indentical rectangular apertures.
  • the one upper or lower face of the block when viewed normal to one of the side faces, preferably has transversely extending outer semi-projections adjacent the end face and three inner full channels which alternate with two inner full projections so as to provide a crenellated profile.
  • the uppermost portions of the projections and the semi-projections are conveniently co-planar, and the lowermost portions of the channels are also co-planar.
  • the uppermost portion of the projection and the uppermost portion of the semi-projection are also preferably co-planar, and the lowermost portion of the channel and the lowermost portion of the semi-channel are co-planar.
  • All the longitudinally extending channels and projections on the one upper or lower face are advantageously defined solely by cutting lines which run normal to the end faces of the block.
  • transversely extending channels and projections on the opposed upper or lower face are also advantageously defined solely by cutting lines which run normal to the side faces of the block.
  • the longitudinally extending projections and channels are preferably defined by respective castellations and indents formed in each of the end walls and the inner web, and the transversely extending projections and channels are defined by similar respective castellations and indents formed in the side walls.
  • the building block 10 illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 is in the basic form of a rectangular parallelepiped, having a pair of opposed major side faces 12 and 14 and a pair of opposed minor end faces 16 and 18.
  • a pair of rectangular cavities 20 and 22 extend through the block 10 from the upper face 24 to the lower face 26 thereof.
  • the cavities 20 and 22 are divided by a central web 28 and are bounded by parallel side walls 30 and 32 and parallel end walls 34 and 36.
  • the web 28 extends between the side walls 30 and 32 and is parallel to the end walls 34 and 36.
  • the upper face is crenellated and is symmetrical about an axis 38 which extends transversely between the opposite side walls 30 and 32, and which bisects the central web 28.
  • the upper face 24 has a profile when viewed in the direction of arrow A with outer semi-projections or ribs 40 and 42 extending the width of the block. Located between the ribs 40 and 42 are side channels 44 and 46 and a central channel 48, the channels alternating with full projections 50 and 52. Both the channels 44, 46 and 48 and the projections 50 and 52 are frusto-triangular in form.
  • the uppermost faces 56 of the projections 50 and 52 and the semi-projections 40 and 42 are co-planar and lie in a plane indicated in broken outline at 58.
  • the lowermost faces of the channels 44,46 and 48 are also co-planar and lie in a plane indicated in brocken outline at 60 which is spaced from and parallel to the plane 58.
  • the width W1 of each full, or major projection 50 and 52 is exactly twice the width W2 of the semi-projections 40 and 42.
  • the semi-projections 40 and 42 have a profile which is identical to the profile of one of the full projections 50 and 52 once it has been perpendicularly bisected.
  • the full channels 40, 46 and 48 and the full projections 50 and 52 do not extend continuously for the entire width of the block, due to the presence of the cavities 20 and 22. Rather, the channel 44 is defined by separate indents 62 and 64 formed in the respective side walls 30 and 32. Likewise, the central channel 48 is defined by indents 66 and 68, with the upper surface of the web 28 also defining the lower surface of the channel 48.
  • the channel 46 is constituted by indents 70 and 72.
  • the projection 50 is defined by castellations 74 and 76 and the projection 56 is constituted by castellations 78 and 80.
  • the lower surface 26 of the block has a profile with an outer semi-channel 82 being located adjacent the side face 14 and an outer semi-projection 84 being located adjacent the side face 12. Situated between and alternating with the semi-channel 82 and the semi-projection 84 is a full projection 86 and a full channel 88.
  • the full channel 88 is defined by individual indents 90, 92 and 94 formed in the undersides of the respective side wall 36, the web 28 and the opposite wall 34.
  • the projection 86 is constituted by individual castellations 96, 98 and 100.
  • the transverse axis of symmetry 38 divides the upper surface 24 of the block 10 into two mirrored halves 102 and 104.
  • the one half 102 is formed from the semi-projection 40, the full channel 44, the full projection 50 and half of the full channel 48, which is effectively a semi-channel.
  • the other half 104 of the upper face 24 is made up of the half projection 42, the full channel 46, the full projection 52 and the other half of the full channel 48.
  • the lower surface 26 of the block has a profile which is complemental with the profile of one of the halves 102 or 104 of the upper surface 24 of the block. This allows the lower surface 26 of one block to complementally engage one half of the upper surface 24 of another subjacent block, with the major axes of the blocks being perpendicular to one another, as is shown in chain outline at 106.
  • blocks identical to those illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 are used to build two walls 110 and 112 which meet at a corner 114.
  • the bricks are laid in a stretching bond.
  • the lower course 116 of bricks is laid in the upright position.
  • the superjacent course of bricks 118 is laid in the inverted position, and the following superjacent course 120 of bricks is laid once more in the upright position.
  • the surfaces of the bricks having transversely extending projections and channels, (referred to in the specification as the upper surfaces) are complementally interengaged with one another, as is shown at 122.
  • the surfaces of the bricks having longitudinally extending projections and channels are complementally interengaged with one another during the laying of the next course 120, as is shown at 124.
  • the transverse interlocking shown at 122 prevents longitudinal movement of the bricks in the direction of arrows 126.
  • the longitudinal interlocking shown at 124 prevents transverse movement of the bricks in the direction of arrows 128.
  • transversely extending channels and projections on the lower surface of the uppermost block 130 form a snug complemental fit with the transversely extending channels and projections on one half of the upper surface of the subjacent block 132, as well as with the longitudinally extending channels and projections on one half of the the subjacent block 134, which is perpendicular to the block 132.
  • reinforcing rods 136 are located in the cavity 138 which extends through the corner, and a corner post is formed by pouring concrete 140 into the cavity 138.
  • the reinforcing concrete posts may be formed at any desired interval along the wall. For instance, where a gable wall is being built, posts may be formed in every third or fourth cavity.
  • a further advantage of the building block of the invention lies in its ease of manufacture.
  • the blocks are manufactured from an aggregate in groups of four or six.
  • Movable pallets are located on a vibrating table and are fed from a pallet conveyor, which carries a drawsheet.
  • the drawsheet which has a crenellated profile complemental to the upper surface of each block, is moved into position over the pallet and four mouldboxes are lowered into position over the drawsheet.
  • the mouldboxes are filled with aggregate which is then compacted using an overhead tamping head.
  • the tamping head has a compaction face which is shaped to form the longitudinal channels and projections in the lower face of the block.
  • the drawsheet is withdrawn.
  • the mouldboxes are then raised with the tamping heads lowered to maintain the newly formed blocks in position.
  • the tamping heads are thereafter raised, and the pallet is slid away to make room for a subsequent pallet.
  • the blocks of the invention can be formed using relatively basic block making equipment.
  • the projection and channels may take on any shape. For instance they may be castellated or scalloped.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
EP19910310752 1990-11-22 1991-11-21 Baustein Withdrawn EP0487345A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA909359 1990-11-22
ZA909359 1990-11-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0487345A2 true EP0487345A2 (de) 1992-05-27
EP0487345A3 EP0487345A3 (de) 1992-06-10

Family

ID=25580406

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910310752 Withdrawn EP0487345A3 (de) 1990-11-22 1991-11-21 Baustein

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0487345A3 (de)
AP (1) AP265A (de)
AU (1) AU8808191A (de)
BR (1) BR9105085A (de)
CA (1) CA2056001A1 (de)
IL (1) IL100135A (de)
PT (2) PT99595A (de)
YU (1) YU48256B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2147092A1 (es) * 1997-08-20 2000-08-16 Guerra Ruiz Jose Antonio Perfeccionamiento de patente numero "p9301622" modelo y sistema de bloque prefabricado para construccion tal que no es necesario usar ningun tipo de mortero o pegamento en las juntas para unirlos entre si.
CN102094491A (zh) * 2010-12-15 2011-06-15 张建兴 一种新型砌混结构墙角构造柱
EP2430255A1 (de) * 2009-05-13 2012-03-21 Andre Esterhuizen Block
WO2013019134A1 (en) * 2011-08-03 2013-02-07 Milan Kekanovic Building structure of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs
CN103015615A (zh) * 2013-01-09 2013-04-03 杜勋 一种空心环保切块
CN104499633A (zh) * 2014-10-27 2015-04-08 沈阳建筑大学 一种净化空气用煤矸石砌块及其加工方法
GB2597772A (en) * 2020-08-05 2022-02-09 Working Env Furniture Ltd Modular Furnishing Block

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL109784A (en) * 1993-05-29 1998-02-08 Steven Alan Wolfowitz Building element

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR526080A (fr) * 1920-10-15 1921-10-01 Giovanni Battista Araldo Perfectionnements apportés aux pierres artificielles pour constructions
DE805074C (de) * 1949-02-12 1951-05-07 Emil Roth Baustein fuer moertelloses Mauerwerk
DE1083530B (de) * 1954-02-18 1960-06-15 Heinrich Wingenfeld Moertelloses Mauerwerk
DE2345568A1 (de) * 1973-09-10 1975-04-17 Franz Julius Dipl Ing Gergely Bau-elemente
FR2463840A1 (fr) * 1979-08-24 1981-02-27 Limousin Louis Elements modulaires emboitables et leurs procedes d'assemblage

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0020721B1 (de) * 1978-12-11 1984-05-16 Roger L. Toffolon Strukturale betonfertigeinheit und zusammengesetzte wandstruktur
FR2545127B1 (fr) * 1983-04-28 1985-09-27 Bevy Corinne Elements modulaires emboitables pour la construction de murs

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR526080A (fr) * 1920-10-15 1921-10-01 Giovanni Battista Araldo Perfectionnements apportés aux pierres artificielles pour constructions
DE805074C (de) * 1949-02-12 1951-05-07 Emil Roth Baustein fuer moertelloses Mauerwerk
DE1083530B (de) * 1954-02-18 1960-06-15 Heinrich Wingenfeld Moertelloses Mauerwerk
DE2345568A1 (de) * 1973-09-10 1975-04-17 Franz Julius Dipl Ing Gergely Bau-elemente
FR2463840A1 (fr) * 1979-08-24 1981-02-27 Limousin Louis Elements modulaires emboitables et leurs procedes d'assemblage

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2147092A1 (es) * 1997-08-20 2000-08-16 Guerra Ruiz Jose Antonio Perfeccionamiento de patente numero "p9301622" modelo y sistema de bloque prefabricado para construccion tal que no es necesario usar ningun tipo de mortero o pegamento en las juntas para unirlos entre si.
EP2430255A1 (de) * 2009-05-13 2012-03-21 Andre Esterhuizen Block
EP2430255A4 (de) * 2009-05-13 2012-10-17 Andre Esterhuizen Block
CN102094491A (zh) * 2010-12-15 2011-06-15 张建兴 一种新型砌混结构墙角构造柱
CN102094491B (zh) * 2010-12-15 2013-04-24 张建兴 一种新型砌混结构墙角构造柱
WO2013019134A1 (en) * 2011-08-03 2013-02-07 Milan Kekanovic Building structure of pre-cast monolithic walls and interfloor slabs
CN103797197A (zh) * 2011-08-03 2014-05-14 米兰·凯卡诺维克 预铸整体式墙与楼板的建筑结构
CN103015615A (zh) * 2013-01-09 2013-04-03 杜勋 一种空心环保切块
CN103015615B (zh) * 2013-01-09 2015-01-07 杜勋 一种空心环保切块
CN104499633A (zh) * 2014-10-27 2015-04-08 沈阳建筑大学 一种净化空气用煤矸石砌块及其加工方法
GB2597772A (en) * 2020-08-05 2022-02-09 Working Env Furniture Ltd Modular Furnishing Block
GB2597772B (en) * 2020-08-05 2024-05-22 Morph Bricks Ltd Modular Furnishing Block

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0487345A3 (de) 1992-06-10
IL100135A (en) 1994-11-28
AP265A (en) 1993-06-16
PT8901T (pt) 1994-05-31
BR9105085A (pt) 1992-06-23
AU8808191A (en) 1992-05-28
PT99595A (pt) 1994-01-31
AP9100337A0 (en) 1992-01-31
YU183791A (sh) 1995-10-03
PT8901U (pt) 1998-07-31
CA2056001A1 (en) 1992-05-23
YU48256B (sh) 1997-09-30

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