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EP0479030B1 - Frothing apparatus and method for evacuating the remaining air in a container filled with a foaming liquid, especially bottles - Google Patents

Frothing apparatus and method for evacuating the remaining air in a container filled with a foaming liquid, especially bottles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0479030B1
EP0479030B1 EP91115726A EP91115726A EP0479030B1 EP 0479030 B1 EP0479030 B1 EP 0479030B1 EP 91115726 A EP91115726 A EP 91115726A EP 91115726 A EP91115726 A EP 91115726A EP 0479030 B1 EP0479030 B1 EP 0479030B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frothing
equipment
pressure
medium
control valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91115726A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0479030A1 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Clüsserath
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KHS Maschinen und Anlagenbau AG
Original Assignee
Seitz Enzinger Noll Maschinenbau AG
KHS Maschinen und Anlagenbau AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seitz Enzinger Noll Maschinenbau AG, KHS Maschinen und Anlagenbau AG filed Critical Seitz Enzinger Noll Maschinenbau AG
Publication of EP0479030A1 publication Critical patent/EP0479030A1/en
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Publication of EP0479030B1 publication Critical patent/EP0479030B1/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67CCLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22Details
    • B67C3/222Head-space air removing devices, e.g. by inducing foam

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for displacing the residual air volume by foaming from containers filled with a foamable liquid filling material, in particular bottles, according to the preamble of claim 1, and to a foaming device for displacing the remaining volume by foaming according to the preamble claim 3.
  • the containers filled with the filling material but not yet closed are moved past on a conveyor line connecting the filling machine and a container closing device under a nozzle device which has at least one injection nozzle. From this, a predetermined amount of the foaming medium, which preferably has the form of a liquid, is then introduced into the respective container, so that the contents filled in the container are stimulated to froth or foam and the residual air quantity from the resulting filling material foam Container is displaced.
  • the closed position is the position of the container closing device at which a closure is placed on the respective container or the respective container is closed.
  • the degree of foaming or foaming at the closed position depends on. a. from the time available for the foaming process, d. H. remains between the introduction of the foaming medium into a container and the closure. This also means that the degree of foaming depends on the conveying speed of the conveyor line and thus on the machine output (processed bottles per unit of time).
  • the degree of foaming also depends on the type of the filling material, i. H. depends on the foaming power of the liquid filling material has already been proposed in a generic device when using a liquid foaming medium (DE-A-16 32 034), which is controlled by a pneumatic pressure booster, i.e. H. to adjust the pressure of the liquid foaming medium generated by a piston pump arrangement actuated by compressed air to the respective filling material, specifically by adjusting the pressure of the compressed air used to drive the pressure booster.
  • a pneumatic pressure booster i.e. H. to adjust the pressure of the liquid foaming medium generated by a piston pump arrangement actuated by compressed air to the respective filling material, specifically by adjusting the pressure of the compressed air used to drive the pressure booster.
  • the object of the invention is to demonstrate a method and a foaming device which, with little construction effort, enable an improved displacement of the residual air volume from containers, regardless of changes in the Performance of the upstream container filling machine or regardless of changes in the conveying speed of the conveyor line.
  • the pressure of the frothing medium is regulated really as a function of an actual value / setpoint comparison, using a control loop of at least the control device, the control valve, which is preferably designed as a proportional valve, and the at least one measuring station for detecting the respective actual state or
  • the actual value of the foaming or foam formation includes.
  • “measuring station” is understood to mean any device or sensor etc. which enables the actual state or actual value to be recorded.
  • foaming is possible in such a way that, before a closure is placed on the respective container or before this container is closed, the liquid filling material is foamed out of the container , the extent of this foaming is kept as low as is just necessary for displacing the residual air volume.
  • the device according to the invention it is in particular also possible to control the extent of the foaming so that the foaming is essentially ended when, after the first foam formation with relatively large bubbles still containing air, filling foam with smaller, essentially only carbonic acid contained bubbles emerges from the mouth of the respective container.
  • the foaming is regulated in such a way that the proportion of liquid filling material in the filling material foam emerging from the respective container is in the order of magnitude between 0.3-1.0 ml.
  • 1 is a bottle filling machine of conventional design, of which only the bottle table or rotor rotating around a vertical axis is shown for the sake of simplicity, and which is used for filling bottles 2 with a foamable liquid filling material, preferably for filling bottles 2 with beer serves.
  • a transport or transfer star 3 which rotates synchronously with the filling machine 1 about a vertical axis and which successively feeds the filled, not yet closed bottles 2 on a conveyor line 4 formed by a pitch circle to a bottle closing device having a closing station or closing position 5 feeds, from which the closed bottles 2 are forwarded via a push-out star, not shown, to a discharge conveyor, also not shown.
  • the transfer star 3 forming the conveyor section 4 for the upright bottles 2 and the bottle closing device 5 have the same as the push-out star, not shown and the discharge conveyor, not shown, has the construction known and customary for these elements. Furthermore, the transfer star 3, the bottle closure device 5 and the push-out star, not shown, are usually driven synchronously with the filling machine 1.
  • a holding arm 6 is provided, which is held manually adjustable at one end by pivoting about a vertical axis on a holding pin 7.
  • the holding pin 7 is in turn provided on a fixed to a stationary machine part 8, for example on a control ring of the bottle filling machine 1 holder 9 such that the axis of the holding pin 7 is axially aligned with the central axis of the transfer star 3 or with the axis of a drive this transfer star 3 10 lies.
  • a clamping device 11 the arm 6 can be clamped to the holding pin 7 after manual pivoting or adjustment.
  • an injection nozzle 12 is attached to the arm 6, which projects with its lower end having a nozzle opening over the underside of the holding arm 6 and with its nozzle opening is arranged above the conveying path formed by the transfer star 3 and vertically downward is aligned with the path of movement of the mouths of bottles 2.
  • the injection nozzle 12 is connected via a solenoid valve 13 to a liquid line 14 for supplying a pressurized liquid foaming medium.
  • this foaming medium is water.
  • Another liquid for example the liquid filling material, could also be used as the foaming medium.
  • the input of the control valve 17 is connected via a liquid line 19 having a shut-off valve 18 to the outlet of a pump 21 driven by an electric motor 20 for the liquid foaming medium.
  • a pressure accumulator 22 is also connected to the outlet of the pump 21, so that a sufficient amount of foaming medium with a sufficient pressure generated by the pump 21 is always available.
  • the input of the pump 21 is connected to a liquid line 23 which can be connected to a local water supply via a pressure control valve 24, a dirt trap or a filter 25 and a shut-off valve 26.
  • a safety valve 27 is also provided between the outlet and the inlet of the pump 21, which opens when a predetermined maximum pressure is exceeded, for example when a pressure of 20 bar is exceeded, so that the pressure in the liquid line 19 and in the pressure accumulator 22 does not reach this maximum pressure can exceed.
  • the solenoid valve 13 and the control valve 17 are each connected to an output of an electrical or electronic control device 30, specifically via electrical lines 37 and 38, respectively. Via an electrical line 31, the control device receives a message from the machine or Operating cycle of the filling machine 1 corresponding clock signal, which is derived, for example, from the common drive of the filling machine 1, the transfer star 3 and the bottle closure device 5 or from a pulse generator or clock generator controlled by this drive.
  • two further inputs of the control device 30 are each connected to a measuring station 34 and 35, each of which is arranged on the path of movement of the bottles 2 in such a way that the area of the mouths of the bottles 2 moved past, and in particular the Degree of foaming is detected in each of the bottles 2 moved past.
  • the measuring stations 34 and 35 work, for example, with a high-frequency measurement or are designed as light barriers or camera systems. Other measuring methods, for example ultrasonic measuring methods, can also be used at measuring stations 34 and 35.
  • the measuring station 34 is provided in the region of the conveying path 4 formed by the transfer star 3, shortly before the transition to the bottle closure device 5.
  • the measurement station 35 is located in front of the path of movement of the bottles 2 in the bottle closure device 5 the area of this bottle closure device 5 is provided on which the closures are placed on the bottles 2 or the bottles 2 are closed.
  • the liquid foaming medium supplied to the injection nozzle 12 is heated by the heater 15, so that this medium has a constant temperature (e.g. 90 ° -95 ° C.) corresponding to a predetermined value when it emerges from the injection nozzle 12. Furthermore, an air or gas cushion that enables a certain volume compensation is provided in the interior of the heater 15.
  • the holding arm 6 and thus the injection nozzle 12 are in a position (injection position) on the conveyor line formed mainly by the transfer star 3, the (position) taking into account the properties of the liquid filling material, ie the foamability this filling material, as well as taking into account the range within which the pressure of the foaming medium can be changed by the control valve 17, and, if appropriate, taking into account further parameters or influencing variables (for example temperature of the liquid filling material, type or size of the bottles 2 to be filled, etc.) ) ensures the best possible foaming of the liquid contents in the bottles 2.
  • Optimal foaming is ensured if the liquid foaming medium is used to cause excessive foaming, but only to the extent that is necessary for the complete displacement of the residual air volume from the respective bottle 2.
  • the foaming of the liquid filling material in the bottles 2 is controlled, for example, in such a way that a small amount of filling material foam emerges from it before the closure is placed on a bottle 2 or before this bottle 2 is closed, in which (proportion) the proportion liquid filling is in the order of about 0.3 - 1.0 ml.
  • An optimal foaming is guaranteed in any case if after the first liquid foam, which still has relatively large, air-containing bubbles, a liquid foam with fine bubbles, which essentially only contain carbon dioxide, has formed in the area of the mouth of the respective bottle.
  • the set position of the holding arm 6 or the injection nozzle 12 with respect to the transport path 4 formed by the transfer star 3 is manually entered into the control device 30 on an input device 36, or this position of the holding arm 6 or the injection nozzle 12 is determined by a measuring sensor ( z. B. angle encoder) automatically transmitted to the control device 30 as a measurement signal.
  • a measuring sensor z. B. angle encoder
  • the solenoid valve 13 When the machine is running, the solenoid valve 13 is opened by the control device 30. In order to stimulate the foaming, a jet is thus injected into each bottle 2 moving under the injection nozzle 12 or its nozzle opening of the liquid foaming medium injected.
  • the pressure with which this foaming medium is injected and which determines the intensity and, above all, the speed of the foaming process is regulated by the control device 30 via the control valve 17 designed as a proportional pressure valve, depending on an actual-value setpoint. Comparison. This regulation is carried out, for example, using either measuring station 34 or measuring station 35.
  • the control device 30 and the control valve 17 first set a base pressure for the foaming medium as a function of the machine output according to predetermined characteristic values, which (base pressure) optimally foams the liquid contents, for example based on experience. H. a complete displacement of the residual air volume from the respective bottle 2 can be expected by optimal foaming of the liquid contents.
  • the dependence of this base pressure on the performance and possibly on other parameters, such as. B. temperature of the liquid filling material, type of liquid filling material, shape of the bottles used, filling level of the liquid filling material in the respective bottle, etc., is in a memory of the control device 30, for. B. stored in the form of tables or characteristic curves, so that the respective base pressure is set on the basis of the actual machine performance of the control device 30 and the control valve 17.
  • the actual machine output and other parameters can be entered manually, for example, by the input device 36.
  • the machine power and other parameters that can be detected by simple probes are preferably entered automatically.
  • the position of the injection nozzle 12 on the conveying path formed by the transfer star 3, i. H. the angular position of the holding arm 6 is detected, for example, as a parameter.
  • the control device 30 also effects the regulation by comparing the actual value and the desired value, for example using the measuring station 34 with which the distance between the upper edge of the foam crown formed by the foaming and foaming of the bottles 2 moved past the upper edge of the respective bottle mouth is detected.
  • This actual value is in the control device 30 with a target value, ie. H. compared with a distance, which in turn, taking into account the machine performance and any other parameters such as the type of liquid filling material, temperature of the liquid filling material, type of bottles 2, etc., ensures optimal foaming within the time it takes for the closure to be placed on the each bottle 2 or until its closure remains or which the respective bottle 2 requires for the transport from the measuring station 34 to the closing area of the bottle closing device 5.
  • the relevant setpoints are also stored in the memory of the control device 30 as a function of the machine output and possibly as a function of further parameters.
  • the distance between the upper edge of the foam crown and the upper edge of the bottle mouth of the bottles 2, as determined by the measuring station 34, is smaller than the desired value, this means that the foaming is too intensive or too rapid.
  • the pressure of the foaming medium is reduced by the control device 30 and the control valve 17.
  • a distance between the upper edge of the foam crown and the upper edge of the bottle mouth, as measured by the measuring station 34, which is greater than the desired value, means that the foaming is not intensive enough.
  • the control device 30 therefore causes an increase in the pressure of the foaming medium by appropriate control of the control valve 17.
  • the measuring station 35 detects the state which is present immediately before the bottles 2 are closed. This actual state or actual value is compared with a target value, which corresponds to a target state in which, due to the foaming of the liquid filling material on the outer surface of the respective bottle 2, a stain of filling material foam of a certain size and / or position has been formed, that is to say an expansion to a certain extent.
  • the measuring station 35 is preferably designed as a camera (video camera), the actual value / setpoint comparison being carried out, for example, by comparing the image supplied by this camera with a predetermined image. In this image comparison, for example, light-dark transitions between the lighter stain of filling foam and the other, darker outer surface of the respective bottle are used or evaluated.
  • the pressure of the foaming medium is reduced via the control device 30 and the control valve 17. In the opposite case, this pressure is increased.
  • the liquid line 29 with throttle device 28 and the gas cushion in the heater 15 ensure that even larger pressure changes can take place practically without delay in the control.
  • the invention has been described above using an exemplary embodiment. However, it is also possible to position the injection nozzle 12 or the holding arm 6 firmly, i.e. not adjustable, in which case, of course, a change in the position of the injection nozzle, i.e. a change in the injection position does not have to be taken into account in the regulation. Furthermore, it is also possible that, instead of only one injection nozzle 12, a nozzle arrangement is provided which has a plurality of injection nozzles above the conveying section 4, which follow one another in the conveying direction of this conveying section 4 and of which an injection nozzle 12 is then selected and activated accordingly in order to change the injection position is, preferably by the control device 30.
  • the base pressure is set as a function of the machine output as follows:

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  • Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Verdrängen des Restluftvolumens durch Aufschäumen aus mit einem aufschäumbaren flüssigen Füllgut gefüllten Behältern, insbesondere aus Flaschen, gemäß Oberbegriff Patentanspruch 1 sowie auf eine Aufschäumvorrichtung zum Verdrängen des Restvolumens durch Aufschäumen gemäß Oberbegriff Patentanspruch 3.The invention relates to a method for displacing the residual air volume by foaming from containers filled with a foamable liquid filling material, in particular bottles, according to the preamble of claim 1, and to a foaming device for displacing the remaining volume by foaming according to the preamble claim 3.

Es ist bekannt, beim Abfüllen eines aufschäumbaren flüssigen Füllgutes (insbesondere kohlensäurehaltige Getränke) in Behälter und dabei bevorzugt beim Abfüllen von Bier das nach dem Abfüllen in dem betreffenden Behälter vorhandene Restluftvolumen durch Aufschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes vor dem Verschließen zu verdrängen, um so insbesondere eine Beeinträchtigung im Geschmack und in der Haltbarkeit des abgefüllten Füllgutes durch Luft- bzw. Sauerstoffeinflüsse zu vermeiden.It is known, when filling a foamable liquid filling material (in particular carbonated beverages) into containers, and preferably when filling beer, to displace the residual air volume after filling in the container in question by foaming the liquid filling material before closing, in order in particular to impair it Avoid the taste and shelf life of the filled product due to air or oxygen influences.

Zum Aufschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes bzw. zum Verdrängen des Restluftvolumens werden die mit dem Füllgut gefüllten, aber noch nicht verschlossenen Behälter auf einer die Füllmaschine und eine Behälterverschließeinrichtung verbindenden Förderstrecke unter einer Düseneinrichtung vorbeibewegt, die wenigstens eine Einspritzdüse aufweist. Aus dieser wird dann jeweils eine vorgegebene Menge des Aufschäummediums, welches bevorzugt die Form einer Flüssigkeit aufweist, in den jeweiligen Behälter eingebracht, so daß das im Behälter abgefüllte Füllgut zum Aufschäumen bzw. zur Schaumbildung angeregt und durch den hierbei zunehmend entstehenden Flüllgutschaum die Restluftmenge aus dem Behälter verdrängt wird. Für ein optimales Aufschäumen wird beim Stand der Technik angestrebt, daß der Füllgutschaum bzw. die von diesem gebildete Schaumkrone die obere Behältermündung dann erreicht bzw. über diese obere Behältermündung ohne Überschäumen oder wesentliches Überschäumen dann geringfügig übersteht, wenn der betreffende Behälter an die Verschließposition der Behälterverschließeinrichtung gelangt. Die Verschließposition ist dabei diejenige Position der Behälterverschließeinrichtung, an der auf dem jeweiligen Behälter ein Verschluß aufgesetzt bzw. der jeweilige Behälter verschlossen wird.To foam the liquid filling material or to displace the residual air volume, the containers filled with the filling material but not yet closed are moved past on a conveyor line connecting the filling machine and a container closing device under a nozzle device which has at least one injection nozzle. From this, a predetermined amount of the foaming medium, which preferably has the form of a liquid, is then introduced into the respective container, so that the contents filled in the container are stimulated to froth or foam and the residual air quantity from the resulting filling material foam Container is displaced. For optimum foaming, the prior art strives for the filling material foam or the foam crown formed by it to reach the upper container mouth or without via this upper container mouth Overexposure or substantial overexposure then slightly survives when the container in question reaches the closed position of the container closing device. The closed position is the position of the container closing device at which a closure is placed on the respective container or the respective container is closed.

Ein zu starkes Aufschäumen bzw. Überschäumen, welches Füllgutverluste und Verunreinigungen der Behälterverschließeinrichtung verursacht, ist dabei ebenso zu vermeiden, wie ein zu geringes Aufschäumen, welches nur zu einer unzureichenden Verdrängung der Restluftmenge aus dem betreffenden Behälter führt. Der Grad des Aufschäumens bzw. der Schaumbildung an der Verschließposition hängt dabei u. a. von derjenigen Zeit ab, die für den Aufschäumvorgang zur Verfügung steht, d. h. zwischen dem Einbringen des Aufschäummediums in einen Behälter und dem Verschließen verbleibt. Dies bedeutet auch, daß der Grad des Aufschäumens von der Fördergeschwindigkeit der Förderstrecke und damit von der Maschinenleistung (verarbeitete Flaschen je Zeiteinheit) abhängt.Excessive foaming or foaming, which causes loss of contents and contamination of the container closing device, is to be avoided, as is insufficient foaming, which only leads to an insufficient displacement of the residual air volume from the container in question. The degree of foaming or foaming at the closed position depends on. a. from the time available for the foaming process, d. H. remains between the introduction of the foaming medium into a container and the closure. This also means that the degree of foaming depends on the conveying speed of the conveyor line and thus on the machine output (processed bottles per unit of time).

Da der Grad des Aufschäumens auch von der Art des jeweiligen Füllgutes, d. h. von dem Aufschäumvermögen des flüssigen Füllgutes abhängt, wurde bei Verwendung eines flüssigen Aufschäummediums bereits in einer gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen (DE-A-16 32 034), den durch einen pneumatischen Druckverstärker, d. h. durch eine mit Druckluft betätigte Kolbenpumpenanordnung erzeugten Druck des flüssigen Aufschäummediums dem jeweiligen Füllgut entsprechend einzustellen, und zwar durch Einstellung des Druckes der für den Antrieb des Druckverstärkers verwendeten Druckluft.Since the degree of foaming also depends on the type of the filling material, i. H. depends on the foaming power of the liquid filling material has already been proposed in a generic device when using a liquid foaming medium (DE-A-16 32 034), which is controlled by a pneumatic pressure booster, i.e. H. to adjust the pressure of the liquid foaming medium generated by a piston pump arrangement actuated by compressed air to the respective filling material, specifically by adjusting the pressure of the compressed air used to drive the pressure booster.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren sowie eine Aufschäumvorrichtung aufzuzeigen, die bei geringem Bauaufwand ein verbessertes Verdrängen des Restluftvolumens aus Behältern ermöglichen, und zwar unabhängig von Änderungen der Leistung der vorgeschalteten Behälterfüllmaschine bzw. unabhängig von Änderungen der Fördergeschwindigkeit der Förderstrecke.The object of the invention is to demonstrate a method and a foaming device which, with little construction effort, enable an improved displacement of the residual air volume from containers, regardless of changes in the Performance of the upstream container filling machine or regardless of changes in the conveying speed of the conveyor line.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sind ein Verfahren entsprechend dem kennzeichneden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 und eine Aufschäumvorrichtung entsprechend dem kennzeichenden Teil des Patentanspruches 3 ausgebildet.To achieve this object, a method according to the characterizing part of patent claim 1 and a foaming device according to the characterizing part of patent claim 3 are formed.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Aufschäumvorrichtung erfolgt eine echte Regelung des Druckes des Aufschäummediums in Abhängigkeit von einem Istwert-Sollwert-Vergleich, und zwar unter Verwendung eines Regelkreises der zumindest die Steuereinrichtung, das bevorzugt als Proportionalventil ausgebildete Steuerventil sowie die wenigstens eine Meßstation zum Erfassen des jeweiligen Istzustandes bzw. Istwertes der Aufschäumung bzw. Schaumbildung umfaßt. Unter "Meßstation" ist dabei im Sinne der Erfindung jede Einrichtung bzw. jeder Sensor usw. zu verstehen, die bzw. der die Erfassung des Istzustandes bzw. Istwertes ermöglicht.In the frothing device according to the invention, the pressure of the frothing medium is regulated really as a function of an actual value / setpoint comparison, using a control loop of at least the control device, the control valve, which is preferably designed as a proportional valve, and the at least one measuring station for detecting the respective actual state or The actual value of the foaming or foam formation includes. In the context of the invention, “measuring station” is understood to mean any device or sensor etc. which enables the actual state or actual value to be recorded.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist zur Erzielung einer vollständigen, optimalen Verdrängung des Restluftvolumens ein Aufschäumen in der Form möglich, daß es vor dem Aufsetzen eines Verschlusses auf den jeweiligen Behälter bzw. vor dem Verschließen dieses Behälters zwar zu einem Überschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes aus dem Behälter kommt, das Ausmaß dieses Überschäumens aber so gering gehalten ist, wie dies für das Verdrängen des Restluftvolumens gerade erforderlich ist. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist es insbes. auch möglich, das Ausmaß des Überschäumens so zu steuern, daß das Überschäumen im wesentlichen dann beendet ist, wenn nach der ersten Schaumbildung mit relativ großen, noch Luft enthaltenen Blasen Füllgutschaum mit kleineren, im wesentlichen nur noch Kohlensäure enthaltenen Blasen aus der Mündung des jeweiligen Behälters austritt.With the device according to the invention, in order to achieve a complete, optimal displacement of the residual air volume, foaming is possible in such a way that, before a closure is placed on the respective container or before this container is closed, the liquid filling material is foamed out of the container , the extent of this foaming is kept as low as is just necessary for displacing the residual air volume. With the device according to the invention it is in particular also possible to control the extent of the foaming so that the foaming is essentially ended when, after the first foam formation with relatively large bubbles still containing air, filling foam with smaller, essentially only carbonic acid contained bubbles emerges from the mouth of the respective container.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise das Aufschäumen so geregelt, daß der Anteil an flüssigem Füllgut in dem aus dem jeweiligen Behälter ausgetretenen Füllgutschaum in der Größenordnung zwischen 0,3 - 1,0 ml liegt.In the device according to the invention, for example, the foaming is regulated in such a way that the proportion of liquid filling material in the filling material foam emerging from the respective container is in the order of magnitude between 0.3-1.0 ml.

Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Figuren an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
in schematischer Darstellung und in Draufsicht eine Flaschenfüllmaschine, eine Flaschenverschließeinrichtung, eine mit einer Düse an einer Förderstrecke zwischen der Füllmaschine und der Flaschenverschließeinrichtung vorgesehene Aufschäumvorrichtung sowie Funktionselemente dieser Aufschäumvorrichtung;
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt entsprechend der Linie I-I der Fig. 1.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures using an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
Fig. 1
in a schematic representation and in plan view, a bottle filling machine, a bottle closing device, a foaming device provided with a nozzle on a conveying path between the filling machine and the bottle closing device, and functional elements of this foaming device;
Fig. 2
a section along the line II of FIG. 1st

In den Figuren ist 1 eine Flaschenfüllmaschine herkömmlicher Bauart, von der der einfacheren Darstellung wegen nur der um eine vertikale Achse umlaufende Flaschentisch bzw. Rotor dargestellt ist und die zum Füllen von Flaschen 2 mit einem aufschäumbaren flüssigen Füllgut, vorzugsweise zum Füllen der Flaschen 2 mit Bier dient. Am Flaschenauslauf der Füllmaschine 1 ist ein synchron mit der Füllmaschine 1 um eine vertikale Achse umlaufender Transport- oder Überführungsstern 3 vorgesehen, der die gefüllten, noch nicht verschlossenen Flaschen 2 auf einer von einem Teilkreis gebildeten Förderstrecke 4 nacheinander einer eine Verschließstation bzw. Verschließposition aufweisenden Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5 zuführt, aus welcher die verschlossenen Flaschen 2 über einen nicht dargestellten Ausschubstern an einen ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Abförderer weitergeleitet werden.In the figures, 1 is a bottle filling machine of conventional design, of which only the bottle table or rotor rotating around a vertical axis is shown for the sake of simplicity, and which is used for filling bottles 2 with a foamable liquid filling material, preferably for filling bottles 2 with beer serves. At the bottle outlet of the filling machine 1 there is a transport or transfer star 3 which rotates synchronously with the filling machine 1 about a vertical axis and which successively feeds the filled, not yet closed bottles 2 on a conveyor line 4 formed by a pitch circle to a bottle closing device having a closing station or closing position 5 feeds, from which the closed bottles 2 are forwarded via a push-out star, not shown, to a discharge conveyor, also not shown.

Der die Förderstrecke 4 für die aufrechtstehenden Flaschen 2 bildende Überführungsstern 3 und die Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5 weisen ebenso wie der nicht dargestellte Ausschubstern und der nicht dargestellte Abförderer die für diese Elemente bekannte und übliche Konstruktion auf. Weiterhin sind der Überführungsstern 3, die Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5 und der nicht dargestellte Ausschubstern üblicherweise synchron mit der Füllmaschine 1 angetrieben.The transfer star 3 forming the conveyor section 4 for the upright bottles 2 and the bottle closing device 5 have the same as the push-out star, not shown and the discharge conveyor, not shown, has the construction known and customary for these elements. Furthermore, the transfer star 3, the bottle closure device 5 and the push-out star, not shown, are usually driven synchronously with the filling machine 1.

Über dem Überführungsstern 3 ist ein Haltearm 6 vorgesehen, der mit seinem einen Ende durch Schwenken um eine vertikale Achse an einem Haltezapfen 7 manuell einstellbar gehalten. Der Haltezapfen 7 ist seinerseits an einer an einem ortsfesten Maschinenteil 8, beispielsweise an einem Steuerring der Flaschenfüllmaschine 1 befestigten Halterung 9 derart vorgesehen, daß die Achse des Haltezapfens 7 achsgleich mit der Mittelachse des Überführungssternes 3 bzw. mit der Achse einer diesen Überführungsstern 3 antreibenden Welle 10 liegt. Durch eine Klemmvorrichtung 11 ist der Arm 6 nach einem manuellen Schwenken bzw. Einstellen an dem Haltezapfen 7 festklemmbar. Am anderen, dem Haltezapfen 7 entfernt liegenden Ende ist am Arm 6 eine Einspritzdüse 12 befestigt, die mit ihrem eine Düsenöffnung aufweisenden unteren Ende über die Unterseite des Haltearmes 6 vorsteht und mit ihrer Düsenöffnung über der von dem Überführungsstern 3 gebildeten Förderstrecke angeordnet sowie senkrecht nach unten auf die Bewegungsbahn der Mündungen der Flaschen 2 ausgerichtet ist. Über ein Magnetventil 13 ist die Einspritzdüse 12 mit einer Flüssigkeitsleitung 14 zum Zuführen eines unter Druck stehenden flüssigen Aufschäummediums verbunden. Dieses Aufschäummedium ist bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform Wasser. Als Aufschäummedium könnte aber auch eine andere Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise das flüssige Füllgut verwendet werden.Above the transfer star 3, a holding arm 6 is provided, which is held manually adjustable at one end by pivoting about a vertical axis on a holding pin 7. The holding pin 7 is in turn provided on a fixed to a stationary machine part 8, for example on a control ring of the bottle filling machine 1 holder 9 such that the axis of the holding pin 7 is axially aligned with the central axis of the transfer star 3 or with the axis of a drive this transfer star 3 10 lies. By means of a clamping device 11, the arm 6 can be clamped to the holding pin 7 after manual pivoting or adjustment. At the other end, which is remote from the holding pin 7, an injection nozzle 12 is attached to the arm 6, which projects with its lower end having a nozzle opening over the underside of the holding arm 6 and with its nozzle opening is arranged above the conveying path formed by the transfer star 3 and vertically downward is aligned with the path of movement of the mouths of bottles 2. The injection nozzle 12 is connected via a solenoid valve 13 to a liquid line 14 for supplying a pressurized liquid foaming medium. In the embodiment shown, this foaming medium is water. Another liquid, for example the liquid filling material, could also be used as the foaming medium.

Das dem Magnetventil 13 entfernt liegende andere Ende der Flüssigkeitsleitung 14, die für das Schwenken des Haltearmes 6 zumindest in einem Teilbereich flexibel ausgeführt ist und/oder für dieses Schwenken eine Drehkupplung aufweist, ist mit dem Ausgang eines Heizgerätes 15 verbunden, welches über eine Flüssigkeitsleitung 16 an den Ausgang eines Steuerventils 17 angeschlossen ist, welches als Proportional-Druckventil ausgebildet ist. Der Eingang des Steuerventiles 17 ist über eine ein Absperrventil 18 aufweisende Flüssigkeitsleitung 19 mit dem Ausgang einer von einem Elektromotor 20 angetriebenen Pumpe 21 für das flüssige Aufschäummedium verbunden. An den Ausgang der Pumpe 21 ist weiterhin auch ein Druckspeicher 22 angeschlossen, so daß stets eine ausreichende Menge an Aufschäummedium mit einem ausreichenden, durch die Pumpe 21 erzeugten Druck zur Verfügung steht. Der Eingang der Pumpe 21 ist mit einer Flüssigkeitsleitung 23 verbunden, die über ein Druckregelventil 24, über einen Schmutzfänger bzw. über ein Filter 25 und über ein Absperrventil 26 an eine örtliche Wasserversorgung anschließbar ist. Zwischen dem Ausgang und dem Eingang der Pumpe 21 ist weiterhin ein Sicherheitsventil 27 vorgesehen, welches bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen maximalen Druckes, beispielsweise bei Überschreiten eines Druckes von 20 bar öffnet, so daß der Druck in der Flüssigkeitsleitung 19 und in dem Druckspeicher 22 diesen Maximaldruck nicht übersteigen kann. Über eine eine Drosseleinrichtung 28 aufweisende Flüssigkeitsleitung 29, die mit ihrem einen Ende von der Flüssigkeitsleitung 16 abzweigt und mit ihrem anderen Ende in die Flüssigkeitsleitung 23 zwischen dem Druckregelventil 24 und dem Eingang der Pumpe 21 einmündet, ist der Ausgang des Steuerventiles 17 mit dem Eingang der Pumpe 21, d. h. mit einem Teil des das Aufschäummedium führenden Systems verbunden, der den niedrigen, durch das Druckregelventil 24 im wesentlichen konstant gehaltenen Druck dieses Systems aufweist.The other end of the liquid line 14, which is remote from the solenoid valve 13 and which is designed to be flexible for pivoting the holding arm 6 at least in a partial area and / or has a rotary coupling for this pivoting, is connected to the output of a heater 15 which is connected via a liquid line 16 is connected to the output of a control valve 17, which is used as a proportional pressure valve is trained. The input of the control valve 17 is connected via a liquid line 19 having a shut-off valve 18 to the outlet of a pump 21 driven by an electric motor 20 for the liquid foaming medium. A pressure accumulator 22 is also connected to the outlet of the pump 21, so that a sufficient amount of foaming medium with a sufficient pressure generated by the pump 21 is always available. The input of the pump 21 is connected to a liquid line 23 which can be connected to a local water supply via a pressure control valve 24, a dirt trap or a filter 25 and a shut-off valve 26. A safety valve 27 is also provided between the outlet and the inlet of the pump 21, which opens when a predetermined maximum pressure is exceeded, for example when a pressure of 20 bar is exceeded, so that the pressure in the liquid line 19 and in the pressure accumulator 22 does not reach this maximum pressure can exceed. Via a liquid line 29 having a throttle device 28, which branches off at one end from the liquid line 16 and opens at the other end into the liquid line 23 between the pressure control valve 24 and the input of the pump 21, the output of the control valve 17 is connected to the input of the Pump 21, ie connected to a part of the system carrying the foaming medium, which has the low pressure of this system, which is kept essentially constant by the pressure control valve 24.

Das Magnetventil 13 und das Steuerventil 17 sind jeweils an einen Ausgang einer elektrischen bzw. elektronischen Steuereinrichtung 30 angeschlossen, und zwar über elektrische Leitungen 37 bzw. 38. Über eine elektrische Leitung 31 erhält die Steuereinrichtung ein dem Maschinen-bzw. Arbeitstakt der Füllmaschine 1 entsprechendes Taktsignal, welches beispielsweise von dem gemeinsamen Antrieb der Füllmaschine 1, des Überführungssternes 3 und der Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5 bzw. von einem von diesem Antrieb angesteuerten Impulsgenerator oder Taktgeber abgeleitet ist.The solenoid valve 13 and the control valve 17 are each connected to an output of an electrical or electronic control device 30, specifically via electrical lines 37 and 38, respectively. Via an electrical line 31, the control device receives a message from the machine or Operating cycle of the filling machine 1 corresponding clock signal, which is derived, for example, from the common drive of the filling machine 1, the transfer star 3 and the bottle closure device 5 or from a pulse generator or clock generator controlled by this drive.

Über elektrische Leitungen 32 und 33 sind zwei weitere Eingänge der Steuereinrichtung 30 jeweils mit einer Meßstation 34 und 35 verbunden, von denen jede an der Bewegungsbahn der Flaschen 2 derart angeordnet ist, daß mit ihr der Bereich der Mündungen der vorbeibewegten Flaschen 2 und dabei speziell der Grad der Aufschäumung in den jeweils vorbeibewegten Flaschen 2 erfaßt wird. Die Meßstationen 34 und 35 arbeiten beispielsweise mit einer Hochfrequenzmessung oder sind als Lichtschranken oder Kamerasystem ausgebildet. Auch andere Meßverfahren, beispielsweise Ultraschall-Meßverfahren können an den Meßstationen 34 und 35 verwendet werden.Via electrical lines 32 and 33, two further inputs of the control device 30 are each connected to a measuring station 34 and 35, each of which is arranged on the path of movement of the bottles 2 in such a way that the area of the mouths of the bottles 2 moved past, and in particular the Degree of foaming is detected in each of the bottles 2 moved past. The measuring stations 34 and 35 work, for example, with a high-frequency measurement or are designed as light barriers or camera systems. Other measuring methods, for example ultrasonic measuring methods, can also be used at measuring stations 34 and 35.

Wie aus der Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, ist die Meßstation 34 im Bereich der vom Überführungsstern 3 gebildeten Förderstrecke 4 vorgesehen, und zwar kurz vor dem Übergang zur Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5. Die Meßstation 35 ist an der Bewegungsbahn der Flaschen 2 in der Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5 unmittelbar vor demjenigen Bereich dieser Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5 vorgesehen, an welchem die Verschlüsse auf die Flaschen 2 aufgesetzt oder die Flaschen 2 verschlossen werden.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the measuring station 34 is provided in the region of the conveying path 4 formed by the transfer star 3, shortly before the transition to the bottle closure device 5. The measurement station 35 is located in front of the path of movement of the bottles 2 in the bottle closure device 5 the area of this bottle closure device 5 is provided on which the closures are placed on the bottles 2 or the bottles 2 are closed.

Durch das Heizgerät 15 wird das der Einspritzdüse 12 zugeführte flüssige Aufschäummedium erwärmt, so daß dieses Medium beim Austritt aus der Einspritzdüse 12 möglichst eine konstante, einem vorgegebenen Wert entsprechende Temperatur (z.B. 90° - 95° C) aufweist. Weiterhin ist im Inneren des Heizgerätes 15 auch ein einen gewissen Volumen-Ausgleich ermöglichendes Luft- oder Gaspolster vorgesehen.The liquid foaming medium supplied to the injection nozzle 12 is heated by the heater 15, so that this medium has a constant temperature (e.g. 90 ° -95 ° C.) corresponding to a predetermined value when it emerges from the injection nozzle 12. Furthermore, an air or gas cushion that enables a certain volume compensation is provided in the interior of the heater 15.

Die Arbeitsweise der Aufschäumvorrichtung läßt sich, wie folgt, beschreiben:The operation of the frothing device can be described as follows:

Es wird davon ausgegangen, daß der Haltearm 6 und damit die Einspritzdüse 12 sich in einer Position (Einspritzposition) an der hauptsächlich vom Überführungsstern 3 gebildeten Förderstrecke befinden, die (Position) unter Berücksichtigung der Eigenschaften des flüssigen Füllgutes, d. h. der Aufschäumfähigkeit dieses Füllgutes, sowie unter Berücksichtigung des Bereichs, innerhalb dessen der Druck der Aufschäummediums durch das Steuerventil 17 verändert werden kann, sowie gegebenenfalls unter Berücksichtigung weiterer Parameter bzw. Einflußgrößen (z.B. Temperatur des flüssigen Füllgutes, Art bzw. Größe der zu füllenden Flaschen 2 usw.) ein möglichst optimales Aufschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes in den Flaschen 2 sicherstellt.It is assumed that the holding arm 6 and thus the injection nozzle 12 are in a position (injection position) on the conveyor line formed mainly by the transfer star 3, the (position) taking into account the properties of the liquid filling material, ie the foamability this filling material, as well as taking into account the range within which the pressure of the foaming medium can be changed by the control valve 17, and, if appropriate, taking into account further parameters or influencing variables (for example temperature of the liquid filling material, type or size of the bottles 2 to be filled, etc.) ) ensures the best possible foaming of the liquid contents in the bottles 2.

Ein optimales Aufschäumen ist dann gewährleistet, wenn es durch die Beaufschlagung mit dem flüssigen Aufschäummedium zu einem Überschäumen kommt, allerdings nur in einem solchen Ausmaß, wie es für das vollständige Verdrängen des Restluftvolumens aus der jeweiligen Flasche 2 gerade erforderlich ist. Das Aufschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes in den Flaschen 2 ist dabei beispielsweise so gesteuert, daß vor dem Aufsetzen eines Verschlusses auf eine Flasche 2 bzw. vor dem Verschließen dieser Flasche 2 aus ihr eine geringe Menge an Füllgutschaum austritt, in der (Menge) der Anteil an flüssigem Füllgut in der Größenordnung zwischen etwa 0,3 - 1,0 ml liegt. Ein optimales Aufschäumen ist aber auf jeden Fall dann gewährleistet, wenn nach dem ersten Flüssigkeitsschaum, der noch relativ große, Luft enthaltene Blasen besitzt, sich im Bereich der Mündung der jeweiligen Flasche ein Flüssigkeitsschaum mit feinen, im wesentlichen nur noch Kohlensäure enthaltenen Blasen gebildet hat.Optimal foaming is ensured if the liquid foaming medium is used to cause excessive foaming, but only to the extent that is necessary for the complete displacement of the residual air volume from the respective bottle 2. The foaming of the liquid filling material in the bottles 2 is controlled, for example, in such a way that a small amount of filling material foam emerges from it before the closure is placed on a bottle 2 or before this bottle 2 is closed, in which (proportion) the proportion liquid filling is in the order of about 0.3 - 1.0 ml. An optimal foaming is guaranteed in any case if after the first liquid foam, which still has relatively large, air-containing bubbles, a liquid foam with fine bubbles, which essentially only contain carbon dioxide, has formed in the area of the mouth of the respective bottle.

Die eingestellte Position des Haltearmes 6 bzw. der Einspritzdüse 12 in bezug auf die von den Überführungsstern 3 gebildete Transportstrecke 4 wird der Steuereinrichtung 30 an einer Eingabeeinrichtung 36 manuell eingegeben, oder aber diese Position des Haltearmes 6 bzw. der Einspritzdüse 12 wird von einem Meßgeber (z. B. Winkelgeber) als Meßsignal automatisch an die Steuereinrichtung 30 übermittelt.The set position of the holding arm 6 or the injection nozzle 12 with respect to the transport path 4 formed by the transfer star 3 is manually entered into the control device 30 on an input device 36, or this position of the holding arm 6 or the injection nozzle 12 is determined by a measuring sensor ( z. B. angle encoder) automatically transmitted to the control device 30 as a measurement signal.

Bei laufender Maschine ist das Magnetventil 13 durch die Steuereinrichtung 30 geöffnet. In jede sich unter der Einspritzdüse 12 bzw. deren Düsenöffnung vorbeibewegende Flasche 2 wird somit zum Anregen des Aufschäumens ein Strahl des flüssigen Aufschäummediums eingespritzt. Der Druck, mit dem dieses Einspritzen des Aufschäummediums erfolgt und der die Intensität und vor allem auch die Schnelligkeit des Aufschäumvorganges bestimmt, wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 30 über das als Proportional-Druckventil ausgebildete Steuerventil 17 geregelt, und zwar in Abhängigkeit von einem Istwert-Sollwert-Vergleich. Diese Regelung wird dabei beispielsweise unter Verwendung entweder der Meßstation 34 oder der Meßstation 35 durchgeführt.When the machine is running, the solenoid valve 13 is opened by the control device 30. In order to stimulate the foaming, a jet is thus injected into each bottle 2 moving under the injection nozzle 12 or its nozzle opening of the liquid foaming medium injected. The pressure with which this foaming medium is injected and which determines the intensity and, above all, the speed of the foaming process is regulated by the control device 30 via the control valve 17 designed as a proportional pressure valve, depending on an actual-value setpoint. Comparison. This regulation is carried out, for example, using either measuring station 34 or measuring station 35.

In beiden Fällen erfolgt durch die Steuereinrichtung 30 und das Steuerventil 17 in Abhängigkeit von der Maschinenleistung nach vorgegebenen Kennwerten zunächst eine Einstellung eines Basisdruckes für das Aufschäummedium, welcher (Basisdruck) beispielsweise nach Erfahrungswerten ein optimales Aufschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes, d. h. ein vollständiges Verdrängen des Restluftvolumens aus der jeweiligen Flasche 2 durch optimales Aufschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes erwarten läßt. Die Abhängigkeit dieses Basisdruckes von der Leistung sowie gegebenenfalls von weiteren Parametern, wie z. B. Temperatur des flüssigen Füllgutes, Art des flüssigen Füllgutes, Form der verwendeten Flaschen, Füllhöhe des flüssigen Füllgutes in der jeweiligen Flasche usw., ist in einem Speicher der Steuereinrichtung 30, z. B. in Form von Tabellen oder Kennlinien gespeichert, so daß aufgrund der tatsächlichen Maschinenleistung von der Steuereinrichtung 30 und dem Steuerventil 17 der jeweilige Basisdruck eingestellt wird.In both cases, the control device 30 and the control valve 17 first set a base pressure for the foaming medium as a function of the machine output according to predetermined characteristic values, which (base pressure) optimally foams the liquid contents, for example based on experience. H. a complete displacement of the residual air volume from the respective bottle 2 can be expected by optimal foaming of the liquid contents. The dependence of this base pressure on the performance and possibly on other parameters, such as. B. temperature of the liquid filling material, type of liquid filling material, shape of the bottles used, filling level of the liquid filling material in the respective bottle, etc., is in a memory of the control device 30, for. B. stored in the form of tables or characteristic curves, so that the respective base pressure is set on the basis of the actual machine performance of the control device 30 and the control valve 17.

Die tatsächliche Maschinenleistung sowie andere Parameter können beispielsweise durch die Eingabeeinrichtung 36 manuell eingegeben werden. Bevorzugt erfolgt jedoch die Eingabe der Maschinenleistung sowie anderer durch einfache Sonden erfaßbare Parameter (z. B. Temperatur des flüssigen Füllgutes) selbsttätig.The actual machine output and other parameters can be entered manually, for example, by the input device 36. However, the machine power and other parameters that can be detected by simple probes (for example the temperature of the liquid filling material) are preferably entered automatically.

Auch die Position der Einspritzdüse 12 an der vom Überführungsstern 3 gebildeten Förderstrecke, d. h. die Winkelstellung des Haltearmes 6 wird hierbei beispielsweise als Parameter erfaßt.The position of the injection nozzle 12 on the conveying path formed by the transfer star 3, i. H. the angular position of the holding arm 6 is detected, for example, as a parameter.

Zusätzlich zu dieser Einstellung des Basisdruckes bewirkt die Steuereinrichtung 30 auch noch die Regelung durch den Istwert-Sollwert-Vergleich, und zwar beispielsweise unter Verwendung der Meßstation 34, mit der bei den vorbeibewegten Flaschen 2 der Abstand zwischen der Oberkante der durch das Aufschäumen gebildeten Schaumkrone und der Oberkante der jeweiligen Flaschenmündung erfaßt wird. Dieser Istwert wird in der Steuereinrichtung 30 mit einem Sollwert, d. h. mit einem Abstand verglichen, der wiederum unter Berücksichtigung der Maschinenleistung sowie gegebenenfalls weiterer Parameter, wie Art des flüssigen Füllgutes, Temperatur des flüssigen Füllgutes, Art der Flaschen 2 usw., ein optimales Aufschäumen innerhalb derjenigen Zeit sicherstellt, die bis zum Aufsetzen des Verschlusses auf die jeweilige Flasche 2 oder bis zu deren Verschließen verbleibt bzw. die die jeweilige Flasche 2 für den Transport von der Meßstation 34 bis an den Verschließbereich der Flaschenverschließeinrichtung 5 benötigt. Die betreffenden Sollwerte sind ebenfalls in Abhängigkeit von der Maschinenleistung sowie eventuell in Abhängigkeit von weiteren Parametern im Speicher der Steuereinrichtung 30 gespeichert.In addition to this setting of the base pressure, the control device 30 also effects the regulation by comparing the actual value and the desired value, for example using the measuring station 34 with which the distance between the upper edge of the foam crown formed by the foaming and foaming of the bottles 2 moved past the upper edge of the respective bottle mouth is detected. This actual value is in the control device 30 with a target value, ie. H. compared with a distance, which in turn, taking into account the machine performance and any other parameters such as the type of liquid filling material, temperature of the liquid filling material, type of bottles 2, etc., ensures optimal foaming within the time it takes for the closure to be placed on the each bottle 2 or until its closure remains or which the respective bottle 2 requires for the transport from the measuring station 34 to the closing area of the bottle closing device 5. The relevant setpoints are also stored in the memory of the control device 30 as a function of the machine output and possibly as a function of further parameters.

Ist der von der Meßstation 34 ermittelte Abstand zwischen der Oberkante der Schaumkrone und der Oberkante der Flaschenmündung der Flaschen 2 kleiner als der Sollwert, so bedeutet dies ein zu intensives bzw. schnelles Aufschäumen. Durch die Steuereinrichtung 30 und das Steuerventil 17 wird der Druck des Aufschäumungsmediums reduziert.If the distance between the upper edge of the foam crown and the upper edge of the bottle mouth of the bottles 2, as determined by the measuring station 34, is smaller than the desired value, this means that the foaming is too intensive or too rapid. The pressure of the foaming medium is reduced by the control device 30 and the control valve 17.

In umgekehrter Weise bedeutet ein von der Meßstation 34 erfaßter Abstand zwischen der Oberkante der Schaumkrone und der Oberkante der Flaschenmündung, der größer ist als der Sollwert, ein zu wenig intensives Aufschäumen. Die Steuereinrichtung 30 bewirkt daher durch entsprechende Steuerung des Steuerventils 17 eine Erhöhung des Druckes des Aufschäummediums.Conversely, a distance between the upper edge of the foam crown and the upper edge of the bottle mouth, as measured by the measuring station 34, which is greater than the desired value, means that the foaming is not intensive enough. The control device 30 therefore causes an increase in the pressure of the foaming medium by appropriate control of the control valve 17.

Mit der Meßstation 35 wird der Zustand erfaßt, der unmittelbar vor dem Verschließen der Flaschen 2 vorliegt. Dieser Istzustand bzw. Istwert wird mit einem Sollwert verglichen, der einem Sollzustand entspricht, bei dem sich durch das Überschäumen des flüssigen Füllgutes an der Außenfläche der jeweiligen Flasche 2 ein Fleck aus Füllgutschaum in einer bestimmten Größe und/oder Lage gebildet hat, also ein Überschäumen in einem bestimmten Ausmaß vorliegt. Zur Erfassung dieses Fleckes ist die Meßstation 35 vorzugsweise als Kamera (Videokamera) ausgebildet, wobei der Istwert-Sollwert -Vergleich beispielsweise durch Bildvergleich zwischen dem von dieser Kamera gelieferten Bild und einem vorgegebenen Bild erfolgt. Bei diesem Bildvergleich werden beispielsweise Hell-Dunkel-Übergänge zwischen dem helleren Fleck aus Füllgutschaum und der sonstigen, dunkleren Außenfläche der jeweiligen Flasche ausgenutzt bzw. ausgewertet.The measuring station 35 detects the state which is present immediately before the bottles 2 are closed. This actual state or actual value is compared with a target value, which corresponds to a target state in which, due to the foaming of the liquid filling material on the outer surface of the respective bottle 2, a stain of filling material foam of a certain size and / or position has been formed, that is to say an expansion to a certain extent. To detect this spot, the measuring station 35 is preferably designed as a camera (video camera), the actual value / setpoint comparison being carried out, for example, by comparing the image supplied by this camera with a predetermined image. In this image comparison, for example, light-dark transitions between the lighter stain of filling foam and the other, darker outer surface of the respective bottle are used or evaluated.

Wird der vorgegebene Sollwert überschritten, so erfolgt über die Steuereinrichtung 30 und das Steuerventil 17 eine Reduzierung des Druckes des Aufschäummediums. Im umgekehrten Fall erfolgt eine Erhöhung dieses Druckes.If the predetermined target value is exceeded, the pressure of the foaming medium is reduced via the control device 30 and the control valve 17. In the opposite case, this pressure is increased.

Für die Steuerung ist nur eine der beiden Meßstationen 34 oder 35 erforderlich. Grundsätzlich ist es selbstverständlich auch möglich, beide Meßstationen gleichzeitig vorzusehen.Only one of the two measuring stations 34 or 35 is required for the control. In principle, it is of course also possible to provide both measuring stations at the same time.

Unabhängig hiervon ist es sinnvoll, die Steuerung bzw. Regelung so vorzunehmen, daß die bei einer bestimmten Abweichung zwischen Sollwert und Istwert (ausgehend von einem bestimmten Basisdruck) vorgenommene Druckänderung ebenfalls zumindest von der Maschinenleistung in der Weise abhängig ist, daß bei einer vorgegebenen Abweichung zwischen Istwert und Sollwert diese Druckänderung mit zunehmender Maschinenleistung zunimmt.Regardless of this, it makes sense to carry out the control or regulation in such a way that the pressure change made in the event of a specific deviation between the setpoint and actual value (starting from a specific base pressure) is also at least dependent on the machine output in such a way that, in the case of a predetermined deviation, Actual value and setpoint this pressure change increases with increasing machine performance.

Durch die Flüssigkeitsleitung 29 mit Drosseleinrichtung 28 sowie durch das Gaspolster in Heizgerät 15 ist sichergestellt, daß bei der Regelung auch größere Druckänderungen praktisch verzögerungsfrei erfolgen können.The liquid line 29 with throttle device 28 and the gas cushion in the heater 15 ensure that even larger pressure changes can take place practically without delay in the control.

Die Erfindung wurde voranstehend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Einspritzdüse 12 bzw. den Haltearm 6 fest zu positionieren, d.h. nicht verstellbar vorzusehen, wobei dann in einem solchen Fall selbstverständlich eine Änderung der Position der Einspritzdüse, d.h. eine Änderung der Einspritzposition bei der Regelung nicht berücksichtigt werden muß. Weiterhin ist es auch möglich, daß anstelle nur einer Einspritzdüse 12 eine Düsenanordnung vorgesehen ist, die über der Förderstrecke 4 mehrere Einspritzdüsen besitzt, die in Förderrichtung dieser Förderstrecke 4 aufeinander folgen und von denen dann zur Änderung der Einspritzposition jeweils eine Einspritzdüse 12 entsprechend ausgewählt und aktiviert wird, und zwar bevorzugt durch die Steuereinrichtung 30.The invention has been described above using an exemplary embodiment. However, it is also possible to position the injection nozzle 12 or the holding arm 6 firmly, i.e. not adjustable, in which case, of course, a change in the position of the injection nozzle, i.e. a change in the injection position does not have to be taken into account in the regulation. Furthermore, it is also possible that, instead of only one injection nozzle 12, a nozzle arrangement is provided which has a plurality of injection nozzles above the conveying section 4, which follow one another in the conveying direction of this conveying section 4 and of which an injection nozzle 12 is then selected and activated accordingly in order to change the injection position is, preferably by the control device 30.

Bei einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung mit fest positionierter Einspritzdüse 12 erfolgt die Einstellung des Basisdruckes in Abhängigkeit von der Maschinenleistung, wie folgt:

Figure imgb0001
In one embodiment of the invention with a fixedly positioned injection nozzle 12, the base pressure is set as a function of the machine output as follows:
Figure imgb0001

Aufstellung der BezugszeichenList of reference numbers

11
FlaschenfüllmaschineBottle filling machine
22nd
Flaschebottle
33rd
ÜberführungssternFlyover star
44th
FörderstreckeConveyor line
55
FlaschenverschließeinrichtungBottle closure device
66
HaltearmHolding arm
77
HaltezapfenRetaining pin
88th
MaschinenteilMachine part
99
Halterungbracket
1010th
Wellewave
1111
KlemmvorrichtungClamping device
1212
EinspritzdüseInjector
1313
Magnetventilmagnetic valve
1414
FlüssigkeitsleitungLiquid line
1515
Heizgerätheater
1616
FlüssigkeitsleitungLiquid line
1717th
SteuerventilControl valve
1818th
AbsperrventilShut-off valve
1919th
FlüssigkeitsleitungLiquid line
2020th
ElektromotorElectric motor
2121
Pumpepump
2222
DruckspeicherPressure accumulator
2323
FlüssigkeitsleitungLiquid line
2424th
DruckreglerPressure regulator
2525th
Filterfilter
2626
AbsperrventilShut-off valve
2727
SicherheitsventilSafety valve
2828
DrosseleinrichtungThrottle device
2929
FlüssigkeitsleitungLiquid line
3030th
SteuereinrichtungControl device
3131
elektrische Leitungelectrical line
3232
elektrische Leitungelectrical line
3333
elektrische Leitungelectrical line
3434
MeßstationMeasuring station
3535
MeßstationMeasuring station
3636
EingabeeinrichtungInput device
3737
elektrische Leitungelectrical line
3838
elektrische Leitungelectrical line

Claims (17)

  1. Method for the expulsion of the residual air volume by frothing out of containers filled with a frothable liquid filling stock, in particular out of bottles (2), in which (method) with the aid of a nozzle equipment with at least one injection nozzle which is arranged above a conveying section (4), by which the containers, filled with the filling stock and not yet closed, are fed standing upright to a closing station of a container-closing equipment (5), the filling stock in the containers moving past below the nozzle equipment is acted on by a jet of a gaseous or liquid frothing medium at an injection position disposed ahead of the closing station in the conveying direction of the conveying section (4) and in which (method) the pressure of the frothing medium, which originates from a supply equipment which is connected with the nozzle equipment by way of a gas duct or liquid duct (16), is varied in dependence on properties of the filling stock to be frothed, characterised thereby, that the variation of the pressure of the frothing medium takes place with the aid of a control valve (17), which is constructed as proportional valve and driven by an electrical control equipment (30), and that the regulation of the pressure of the frothing medium by the control valve (17) and the control equipment (30) as well as with the use of a measuring station (34, 35) arranged behind the injection station in conveying direction takes place in a closed regulating loop in such a manner that the degree of the frothing or the froth formation at the containers respectively being moved past is detected as actual value at the at least one measuring station (34, 35) ahead of the closing position, the actual value is compared with a target value at the control equipment (30) and a control signal to the control valve (17) for the variation of the pressure of the frothing medium is produced from the deviation of the actual value from the target value.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised thereby, that the respective target value is dependent on the conveying speed of the conveying section (4) or on the machine performance as well as in a given case on at least one further influencing magnitude from the group "kind and/or temperature of the liquid filling stock, spacing of the injection position from the at least one measuring station (34, 35), kind and/or shaping and/or size of the containers, filling height of the liquid filling stock in the respective container".
  3. Frothing device for the expulsion of the residual air volume out of containers filled with a frothable liquid filling stock, in particular out of bottles (2), with a nozzle equipment with at least one injection nozzle (12), which is arranged above a conveying section (4), which feeds the containers, filled with the filling stock and not yet closed, standing upright to a closing position of a container-closing equipment (5) and - for the expulsion of the residual air volume by the filling stock froth arising in this case - the filling stock in the containers moving past below the nozzle equipment is acted on by a jet of a gaseous or liquid frothing medium at an injection position disposed ahead of the closing station in the conveying direction of the conveying section (4), as well as with a supply equipment for the frothing medium, which is connected with the nozzle equipment by way of a gas duct or liquid duct (16) and comprises means (17) for the variation of the pressure of the frothing medium, characterised thereby, that the means for the variation of the pressure of the frothing medium are formed by a control valve (17) driven by an electrical control equipment (30) and that the control valve (17) and the control equipment (30) together with at least one measuring station (34, 35), which is arranged at the conveying section (4) behind the injection station in conveying direction, are elements of a closed regulating loop, which regulates the pressure of the frothing medium and in which the degree of the frothing or the froth formation at the containers respectively being moved past is detected as actual value by the at least one measuring station (34, 35) ahead of the closing position, the actual value is compared with a target value in the control equipment (30) and a control signal to the control valve (17) for the variation of the pressure of the frothing medium is produced from the deviation of the actual value from the target value.
  4. Frothing device according to claim 3, characterised thereby, that water or the liquid filling stock is used as frothing medium.
  5. Frothing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterised thereby, that the control valve (17) is a proportional valve.
  6. Frothing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterised thereby, that the at least one measuring station (34, 35) is provided directly ahead of the closing position of the container-closing equipment (5) in the conveying direction of the conveying section (4).
  7. Frothing device according to claim 6, characterised thereby, that the target value corresponds with a state in which the frothing device has taken place so far that it comes to a frothing-over of the liquid filling stock out of the container, but only to a preset small degree sufficient for the expulsion of the residual air volume.
  8. Frothing device according to one of the claims 3 to 7, characterised thereby, that the at least one measuring station (34, 35) is provided at a spacing ahead of the closing position of the container-closing equipment (5) in the conveying direction of the conveying section (4).
  9. Frothing device according to claim 8, characterised thereby, that the target value is so chosen that the actual value corresponds with a degree of the froth formation produced by the frothing, at which - at least subject to consideration of the conveying speed of the conveying section - a complete frothing is effected at the closing position of the container-closing equipment (5), i.e. preferably a frothing in the form that it comes to a frothing-over of the liquid filling stock out of the container, but only to a preset small degree sufficient for the expulsion of the residual air volume.
  10. Frothing device according to one of the claims 3 to 9, characterised thereby, that the respective target value is dependent on the conveying speed of the conveying section (4) or on the machine performance as well as in a given case on at least one further influencing magnitude from the group "kind and/or temperature of the liquid filling stock, spacing of the injection position from the at least one measuring station (34, 35), kind and/or shaping and/or size of the containers, filling height of the liquid filling stock in the respective container".
  11. Frothing device according to one of the claims 3 to 10, characterised thereby, that a base pressure for the frothing medium is settable with the aid of the control valve (17) by a control signal supplied to the control valve (17) by the control equipment (30) and that the regulation of the pressure of the frothing medium takes place starting out from this base pressure, i.e. by increasing or reducing the base pressure.
  12. Frothing device according to claim 11, characterised thereby, that the base pressure is settable by the control equipment (30) and by the control valve (17) in dependence on the conveying speed of the conveying section (4) or in dependence on the machine performance as well as in a given case subject to consideration of at least one further influencing magnitude from the group "kind and/or temperature of the liquid filling stock, spacing of the injection position from the closing position of the container-closing equipment, kind and/or shaping and/or size of the containers, filling height of the liquid filling stock in the respective container".
  13. Frothing device according to claim 11 or 12, characterised thereby, that a variation of the base pressure of the frothing medium takes place by the control equipment (30) and by the control valve (17), which (variation) for a given deviation of the actual value from the target value is dependent on the conveying speed of the conveying section (4) or on the machine performance and namely preferably in such a manner that this pressure variation of the respective base pressure increases with increasing machine performance.
  14. Frothing device according to one of the claims 3 to 13, characterised by a storage equipment, which is preferably provided in the control equipment (30), for the storage of the target values and/or for the storage of values corresponding with the base pressures and namely preferably in dependence on at least one influencing magnitude from the group "the conveying speed of the conveying section (4), kind and/or temperature of the liquid filling stock, spacing of the injection position from the at least one measuring station (34, 35), kind and/or shaping and/or size of the containers, filling height of the liquid filling stock in the respective container".
  15. Frothing device according to one of the claims 3 to 14, characterised thereby, that a heating equipment (15) and/or an equipment (15) enabling an equalisation of volume is provided in the gas duct or the liquid duct (16) connecting the nozzle equipment with the supply equipment.
  16. Frothing device according to one of the claims 3 to 15, characterised thereby, that the supply equipment comprises at least one pump (21), which at its exit supplies the frothing medium , which stands under pressure and is conducted to the control valve (17), and which at its input is connected with a part of the supply equipment conducting the frothing medium at lower pressure, and that the exit of the control valve (17) is connected by way of a throttle equipment (28) with this part of the supply equipment conducting the frothing medium at lower pressure.
  17. Frothing device according to claim 16, characterised thereby, that the part of the supply equipment conducting the frothing medium at lower pressure is connectable by way of a pressure regulator (24) as well as in a given case by way of a filter (25) and/or a shut-off valve (26) with a stationary water supply.
EP91115726A 1990-09-22 1991-09-17 Frothing apparatus and method for evacuating the remaining air in a container filled with a foaming liquid, especially bottles Expired - Lifetime EP0479030B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4030081 1990-09-22
DE4030081A DE4030081A1 (en) 1990-09-22 1990-09-22 SUPPLY DEVICE FOR PREVENTING THE ROLLING AIR VOLUME FROM CONTAINERS FILLED WITH A SEPARATE FLUID FILLER, IN PARTICULAR BOTTLES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0479030A1 EP0479030A1 (en) 1992-04-08
EP0479030B1 true EP0479030B1 (en) 1993-06-16

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EP91115726A Expired - Lifetime EP0479030B1 (en) 1990-09-22 1991-09-17 Frothing apparatus and method for evacuating the remaining air in a container filled with a foaming liquid, especially bottles

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EP (1) EP0479030B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4030081A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2042330T3 (en)

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DE4306120C1 (en) * 1993-02-27 1994-07-28 Orthmann & Herbst Beverage filler for transparent containers
DE59400970D1 (en) * 1993-02-27 1996-12-12 Ortmann & Herbst Masch Gmbh Volumetric beverage filler
DE69601710T2 (en) * 1996-08-29 1999-07-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc., Allentown, Pa. Method and device for displacing air from bottles filled with carbonated beverages
DE19718276A1 (en) * 1997-05-01 1998-11-05 Linde Ag Method and device for filling containers with liquids
DE19728057C2 (en) * 1997-07-01 1999-07-29 Crown Simplimatic Ortmann & He Beverage filler with foam control
FR2773552B1 (en) * 1998-01-15 2000-02-25 Aubreby Jean Pierre D METHOD AND DEVICE FOR ADDING A FOAM SUPPLEMENT TO A BEVERAGE CONTAINER CONTAINING A VOLUME OF BEER
DE10048761C1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2002-06-06 Sasib Beverage Deutschland Gmb Foaming device for beverage containers
DE102006022464B4 (en) * 2006-05-13 2008-09-25 Khs Ag Method and device for the controlled foaming of a product introduced in bottles or the like
DE102008006770B4 (en) * 2008-01-30 2013-06-13 Khs Gmbh Device and method for frothing products filled in containers
DE102008032822A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Krones Ag Device for filling beverage i.e. beer, in container i.e. glass bottle, has sensor device provided in transportation path of containers between filling device and closing device and testing function of injection device
EP3395751B1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2024-03-13 Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. Content filling system and content filling method
DE102018113435B4 (en) 2018-06-06 2021-07-15 Khs Gmbh Device and method for treating containers filled with foamable liquid filling material
DE102019110774A1 (en) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-29 Krones Ag Device and method for foaming a filling product filled into a container

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BE680665A (en) * 1964-04-28 1966-10-17
DE1432329A1 (en) * 1964-10-09 1969-04-30 Enzinger Union Werke Ag Device for injecting liquid or gas into still open bottles, cans and the like filled with carbonated beverages.
DE3638601A1 (en) * 1986-11-12 1988-05-26 Seitz Enzinger Noll Masch FOAMING DEVICE FOR DISPLACING THE REMAINING AIR VOLUME FROM CONTAINERS FILLED WITH A FOAMABLE LIQUID, IN PARTICULAR BOTTLES

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EP0479030A1 (en) 1992-04-08
ES2042330T3 (en) 1993-12-01
DE59100157D1 (en) 1993-07-22
DE4030081A1 (en) 1992-03-26

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