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EP0470536B1 - Honing-measuring tool - Google Patents

Honing-measuring tool Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0470536B1
EP0470536B1 EP91113085A EP91113085A EP0470536B1 EP 0470536 B1 EP0470536 B1 EP 0470536B1 EP 91113085 A EP91113085 A EP 91113085A EP 91113085 A EP91113085 A EP 91113085A EP 0470536 B1 EP0470536 B1 EP 0470536B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring
machining
tool
control
operating member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91113085A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0470536A1 (en
Inventor
Wolf Nagel
Herbert Rauscher
Rainer Dr. Widmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nagel Maschinen und Werkzeugfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Nagel Maschinen und Werkzeugfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nagel Maschinen und Werkzeugfabrik GmbH filed Critical Nagel Maschinen und Werkzeugfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0470536A1 publication Critical patent/EP0470536A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0470536B1 publication Critical patent/EP0470536B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08Honing tools
    • B24B33/087Honing tools provided with measuring equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a measuring tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 13.
  • a honing tool which also serves as a pneumatic measuring tool during processing and for this purpose has a measuring nozzle directed radially against the bore wall in the area of guide strips.
  • the dynamic pressure acting on the measuring nozzle serves as a reference value for the bore diameter.
  • DE-A-38 42 047 shows a honing tool without measuring elements, with guide elements being self-adjusting by spring loading.
  • EP-A-0 081 635 shows a honing and measuring tool, in which the measuring members as well as the processing members are fixed in position on the tool body, the processing members being arranged in an elastically yielding manner.
  • a pure measuring tool has become known, the measuring elements of which can be slid on the machining surface of the workpiece can be adjusted in length in order to compensate for wear on the sliding surface of the measuring element.
  • the measuring gap is not provided here between the measuring element and the processing surface, but between the ends of two or more measuring elements facing each other.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a measuring tool of the type mentioned, in which disadvantages of known designs are avoided and in particular an adaptation of its essentially non-processing functional elements to the workpiece surface or bore to be machined or being machined.
  • the features of claim 1 are suitable for achieving this object. E.g. If one or more identical or different functional elements are at least partially adjustably mounted on the tool body. Depending on the direction in which the adjustability is provided, various changes to the tool can be made through adjustment or adjustment.
  • the functional element can be adjusted transversely to the machining surface, it can be adjusted by correspondingly small dimensions, for example, by increasing the bore width, or even converted to different nominal machining dimensions by correspondingly larger amounts. This means that one and the same tool can be used on rotating surfaces of widely differing widths.
  • the adjustability can also be provided so that the respective functional element can be transferred between a functional and a non-functional position and can thus be exchanged for at least one further functional element which corresponds to a corresponding other machining dimension. This design enables an even more precise guidance of the tool on the workpiece surface or an even more precise measurement of this surface.
  • the training according to the invention is also suitable for methods and devices or honing tools according to DE-OS 38 27 892, to which reference is made for further features and effects.
  • both work steps can be carried out simultaneously in the same station by the inventive design, the adjustment or readjustment can be carried out during processing or relative movement between surface and tool or in pause intervals between processing cycles.
  • the adjustment can also be provided continuously and / or in stages.
  • the respective functional member is preferably designed approximately the same and arranged so that it is located partially or completely in the same longitudinal region of the tool body. All processing elements and several or all measuring elements or guide elements and / or similar functional elements can thus be located in the same longitudinal region of the tool body and can be effective simultaneously in every tool position.
  • the storage of the respective, adjustable functional member is expediently carried out via a slide bearing, which is a rotary and / or Sliding storage can be, the arrangement being appropriately such that the functional element for adjustment does not have to be moved directly by hand or with a tool, but can be adjusted indirectly with an adjusting device which is at least partially arranged on or in the tool body.
  • An actuator acting on the respective functional element can be provided essentially in the same longitudinal region of the tool body as at least one actuator for at least one machining element.
  • at least one suitable actuator is provided, which is formed, for example, by a handle mounted on the tool body or instead or additionally by an actuator of the machine carrying the tool, which acts on the actuator via an actuating rod.
  • the design according to the invention is also suitable for those honing tools which have two or more sets of one or more processing members which can be adjusted independently of one another transversely to the workpiece surface or in another direction, namely, for example, a first set for pre-processing and a second set for finishing .
  • At least one or all of the functional elements can be adjusted via the same actuator or the same actuating device as at least one or all of the processing elements, or a separate actuator can be provided in each case.
  • at least one or all of the functional elements can be adjustable independently of the respective processing element, and the functional elements can in turn be combined in groups that are independently adjustable.
  • At least one functional element can be adjustable independently of and / or together with at least one measuring element. If several, independently adjustable actuators are provided, these are expedient approximately coaxially one inside the other or within the hollow tool body, so that a very compact design results.
  • At least one functional element could be positively controlled in both opposite directions of its adjustability, but a considerably simpler design results if it is positively controlled only in one direction, in particular in the direction towards the workpiece surface, and is loaded in the opposite direction by at least one return spring .
  • the respective return spring can be provided together for at least two or all functional and / or processing elements.
  • the functional elements are designed in the form of strips.
  • the respective functional element expediently has approximately the same length and / or width as at least one machining element.
  • the respective measuring element expediently influences a control device via at least one control line, by means of which, for example, the reaching of the finished dimension is indicated during processing.
  • This control line can be changed in relation to the tool body, at least in the area of its connection to the measuring element, so as not to impede the adjustment.
  • the control line can be formed by a flexible hose or have at least one correspondingly flexible intermediate section; it is advantageously on the outside of the tool body, but can also lie within its outer surface.
  • a calibration or adjustment device with at least one reference surface corresponding to the workpiece surface is also provided for a honing or measuring tool of the type described or another type, on which the respective functional element can be aligned or a reference value for its function can be derived ; E.g. guide elements can be precisely adjusted by placing them on the reference surface.
  • the dynamic pressure of a pneumatic measuring device can be detected on this reference surface and used as a reference value for the surface measurement of the workpiece.
  • the reference surface is conveniently located in e.g. axial path of movement of the tool that it can be started by a simple tool movement by the respective functional member.
  • reference surfaces can also be provided next to one another like a magazine, for example in the manner of a rotatable revolver magazine, or can be transferred one after the other into the movement path of the tool.
  • a method for measuring a workpiece surface is also proposed.
  • at least one functional element is preferably re-adjusted against this surface in order to reduce its functional tolerances which have become larger as a result of the machining.
  • the tool can be moved back or out of the hole in the course of the above-mentioned machining, readjusted and calibrated for a zero adjustment of the control device on the reference surface, after which the further machining is continued immediately.
  • An adjustment of the respective functional element in, albeit smallest, stages can be achieved by a graduated control curve of the actuator and / or by actuating an actuator with, for example, a continuously increasing control curve via a stepper motor, the actuating steps of which can be precisely determined by a counter, so that the actual setting is precisely recorded at all times.
  • the tool 1 which is designed in the manner of a honing or measuring mandrel, has an essentially hollow or sleeve-shaped tool body 2, which has a tool shaft 3 at the rear end with a coupling member 4 for a cardanically self-aligning connection with a rotatable and / or axial and possibly oscillating Movable machine spindle.
  • a front section of the tool 1 adjoining the tool shank 3 forms a tool head 5, with the area of which the tool processes, guides and / or measures.
  • each processing element 7 has a support strip 8 which is approximately radially guided in a longitudinal slot of the jacket 6 and has a processing covering 9 on the radially outer edge of the strip.
  • a plurality of function members 10 which are substantially uniformly distributed around the tool axis, are guided in an approximately radially adjustable manner, which are also formed in a strip-like manner, two functional members 10 of the same type being expediently provided in a common axial plane.
  • Each functional member 10 has a support strip 11 and on its outer longitudinal edge a highly wear-resistant covering 12.
  • the guide slots for the processing members 7 and the functional members 10 can have the same dimensions, and their ends can each lie in a common plane perpendicular to the tool axis, so that one and the same tool body with a different distribution and different numbers of said members depending on the requirements can be equipped.
  • six links are distributed substantially uniformly over the circumference, four being designed as processing links and two as measuring or guide links.
  • a functional member 10 can advantageously also be provided between two adjacent processing members, wherein the functional members can alternately be designed as measuring members and guide members in the circumferential direction, or the respective functional member 10 can be simultaneously determined for measurement and guidance.
  • the processing elements 7 are adjustable with an actuating device 13 located within the casing 6 and the functional members 10 with a further actuating device 14, the sleeve-shaped actuator 16 of which is guided on the inside of the casing 6 and on the inside of which an actuator 15 of the actuating device 13 is guided.
  • the actuators 15, 16 have at their rear ends within the tool shaft and nested connecting members 17, 18 for connection to corresponding nested adjusting rods of the machine spindle, which are expediently coupled to the connecting members 17, 18 when the tool 1 is inserted into the machine spindle, that at least one, in particular the actuator 15 can be positively entrained axially in both directions.
  • the actuating device 13 has two, at an axial distance one behind the other, acute-angled adjusting cones, the outer circumference of which each forms a control curve 19 and which are guided with subsequent cylinder sections on the cylindrical inner surface of the actuator 16. On the outer circumference, this has two stepped control cams 20 which are located one behind the other at a larger axial distance and approximately in the region of the ends of the functional members 10, but which, in particular when using an electronic stepping motor as an actuator, could also be stepped conically.
  • the processing members 7 rest with radially inwardly directed, plate-shaped control cams 21, which protrude beyond the inner longitudinal edges of the support strips 8 as one-piece components, are axially spaced apart and have treads which are formed by their inner longitudinal edges and are approximately the same long as the associated control curve 19.
  • the functional members 10 have corresponding, flat-plate-shaped control cams 22 which protrude beyond the inner longitudinal edge of the respective support bar 11, are formed in one piece therewith, connect approximately to the end edges thereof and have a larger axial distance than the control cams 21 from one another.
  • Each control cam 22 is provided with an oblique running surface at an acute angle to the tool axis for guiding on the associated control cam 20, this running surface expediently merging at the cam end into a neutral-looking edge which is approximately axially parallel to the tool in accordance with the associated stepped surfaces of the control cam 20.
  • the control cams 21 penetrate passages 23 in the form of longitudinal slots in the jacket of the actuator 16; these passages 23 are at least longer than the control cams 21 by the maximum travel of the actuator 16, separate passages 23 being provided for control cams 21 one behind the other, between the ends of which a section of the jacket of the actuator 16 lies.
  • the running surfaces of the control cams 21 and 22 can be tapered in cross-section or provided with corresponding flanks, so that a large number of, for example, sixteen processing or functional members can also be accommodated if the smallest distance between the associated control cam 19 or 20 of the tool or adjusting axis is only a few millimeters.
  • the processing members 7 and the functional members 10 are spring-loaded radially inwards by common springs 24, 25. So that only two springs 24, 25 are required for this purpose, these are formed by ring springs which engage in grooves in the region of the ends of the support strips 8, 11.
  • the control cams 21, 22 are held on the control cams 19, 20 without play by the springs 24, 25.
  • the actuator 16 is useful only in its associated with the infeed to the front Tool-end directed movement is inevitably movable and is moved in the opposite direction by a return spring 26, which acts on the actuator 16 in the region of the front end, is arranged axially to this, in the longitudinal direction in front of the front ends of the processing or functional elements 7, 10 and
  • the actuators 15, 16 are located and expediently arranged in a spring housing 27 which is formed by the front end of the jacket 6 of the tool body 2.
  • the jacket 6 can have an inner width which is substantially constant over its entire length for guiding the actuator 16 and / or for receiving the return spring 26.
  • the functional member 10 has approximately in the middle of the length and / or the width of its working surface, which extends approximately over the entire length of the support strip 11, the nozzle opening of a measuring nozzle 28 which is approximately at right angles to this working surface and is formed by a nozzle bore in the coating 12 is.
  • This nozzle bore is connected with its inner end to the end of a channel 29, which is provided as a bore in the support bar 11 and extends from its, in particular rear, end edge.
  • a connection 30, for example a plug connection is provided on the tool 1, to which a corresponding hose or pipe of the machine can be connected.
  • a coupling piece in the form of, for example, an S-shaped bent elbow is attached to the functional member 10 or the support bar 11, which projects freely to the rear adjacent to the outer circumference of the jacket 6 and by inserting it into a correspondingly enlarged end section of the channel 29 on the functional member 10 is attached.
  • the coupling piece 31 engages with his End edge of the functional member 10 adjoining section into a pocket 32 formed by an axial groove on the outer circumference of the jacket 6 so that it can carry out the radial movements of the functional member 10 with respect to the jacket 6 without hindrance.
  • the tool 1 is used on a machine according to FIG. 2, on the work spindle 33 of which it is attached.
  • the work spindle 33 is rotatable and axially movable with a work drive 34, an actuator 35 of this work drive 34 being designed so that the tool 1 can be converted into different axial or functional positions and can be held in the respective functional position.
  • a likewise hollow actuating rod 36 is axially displaceable or - if one of the described actuating movements of the tool should not be an axial movement, but rather a rotary movement - is rotatably mounted, which can be moved via an actuating device 37 with an actuating motor 38 and for actuating the Actuator 14 is used.
  • an actuating rod 39 is mounted in the actuating rod 36 for actuating the actuating device 13 and can be driven by a stepping motor 41 via an actuating device 40.
  • the actuating devices 37, 40 can be effective in any axial position of the work spindle 33.
  • the workpiece 43 to be measured or machined is to be arranged on a machine table 42, possibly with a transport device, in such a way that it can be moved transversely to the tool axis in a row with further workpieces in and out of the working area of the tool 1.
  • An internal surface 44 in the form of a bore is to be machined on the workpiece 43.
  • the connection 30 of the functional element 10 is via a line 45 which is led upwards along the work spindle 33 connected to a converter 46, in which the air pressure applied to the measuring nozzle 28 and more or less accumulated by the surface 44 depending on the distance is converted into an electrical value, which signals, for example via feedback control, to a control device 47 or to its measured value acquisition 48 there.
  • the control device 47 also receives status signals from the working drive and / or from one or both actuating devices 37, 40 about the position and setting state of the tool 1 or the processing and functional elements 7, 10. These signals are processed in a processor into control pulses, by means of which at least the actuator 35 and the actuating devices 37, 40 are controlled.
  • an adjustment device 50 with a calibration ring 51 is provided outside the working area of the tool 1 between the spindle head of the machine having the work drive 34 and the machine table 42, which is coaxially penetrated by the work spindle 33.
  • the measured value acquisition 48 detects a back pressure which is too low, the tool 1 is withdrawn in a program-controlled manner via the working drive 34 into the calibration ring 51, and the functional elements 10 are adjusted by a predetermined amount via the adjusting devices 37.
  • the associated signal value of the reference dynamic pressure is then detected via the measured value acquisition 48 and defined as a starting value for the further measurement of the surface 44 via a zero adjustment 59. After this step, the tool 1 moves back into the curved surface 44 and continues the machining.
  • the control device 47 can also be provided to compensate for the wear of the processing members 7. As soon as it is determined by the measured value acquisition 48 that the dimension measured by the functional elements 10 deviates from the desired target dimension by a certain amount, a signal is sent to the infeed mechanism, which allows the corresponding compensation steps to be carried out by the servomotor 41. Instead, the wear compensation can also be carried out on the basis of an empirically determined value, which results from a certain processing time and intensity.
  • the machine according to the invention is also suitable for machining surfaces 44 of different nominal dimensions in succession with one and the same tool 1.
  • the adjusting device 50 has a corresponding number of calibration bodies or calibration rings 51 in a magazine 53, which have reference surfaces 52 corresponding to the nominal dimensions that occur.
  • the magazine can e.g. be a revolver magazine, which can be rotated about a distance axis parallel to the tool axis with a servomotor 54 so that each calibration ring 51 can be transferred into a position that is the same as the tool 1.
  • the lifting drive of the work spindle 33 is designed in such a way that the tool 1 can be completely retracted relative to the latter after the calibration ring 51 has been passed through, thus releasing the magazine 53 for the aforementioned advancement.
  • a magazine which could be displaced approximately linearly or at right angles to the tool axis in corresponding bearings of a machine frame could also be provided.
  • Fig. 1 the tool 1 is shown in its setting for the smallest possible nominal diameter.
  • the machining members 7 are appropriately fed via a setting device 13, 40 to a bore with a larger nominal diameter.
  • the functional elements 10 are appropriately delivered via the actuating devices 14, 37.
  • a sensor 55 can be provided in the transport path of the workpieces 43 for a corresponding coding or the like on the workpieces 43, from which the nominal dimension to be machined can be seen.
  • the sensor 55 transmits this information as a coded signal to the processor of the control device 47, which then makes the above-mentioned settings in the manner described and initiates the successive work steps of the adjusting device 50, which are necessary for the associated calibration ring 51 to be brought into the functional position.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are used for corresponding parts, but with the index "a", which is why corresponding description parts also apply analogously to this exemplary embodiment.
  • the different or identical designs according to FIGS. 1 and 3 can also be provided together or several times on one tool.
  • the actuating device 14a lies in the region of the front end of the tool 1a and can advantageously be actuated manually with a handle in the form of an adjusting ring 38a instead of with an actuator arranged on the tool body 2a.
  • the actuator 16a is extended forward over the associated end of the tool body 2a or its end section 27a and surrounded by the adjusting ring 38a, which engages via cams 56, for example two axially identical, radial pins in link guides 37a of the actuator 16a, which act as stepped slots are provided in the front end and in the manner of a stepped spiral have an axial slope.
  • the adjusting ring 38a engages over the front end of the tool body 2a, which is correspondingly reduced in diameter, and is axially secured relative to the latter, but rotatable, which can be achieved, for example, by cams projecting radially inwards, which adjustably engage in an annular groove in the tool body 2a.
  • a latching device 57 is expediently provided, which can lie in the region of the rear end face of the adjusting ring 38a and an annular shoulder of the tool body 2a lying adjacent to it.
  • an axially spring-loaded latching element can be arranged movably in an outer jacket part of the adjusting ring 38a, to which a ring in the ring shoulder is assigned closely spaced latching depressions, so that the adjusting ring 38a is automatically secured by a few angular degrees after each adjusting step.
  • the actuator 16a is also secured against rotation and / or axially in that at least one of the passages 23a is extended to the front and a radial pin engages in the extension in the front end of the tool body 2a.
  • Rotational movements of the adjusting ring 38a lead to corresponding axial adjusting movements of the adjusting element 16a and to the radial adjusting movement of the functional elements 10a.
  • the tool 1a can only be operated with one adjusting device 40 for the machining elements 7a.
  • the associated actuator 15a is in this case loaded in the return direction by a return spring 26a, which surrounds a shaft or the connecting member 17a releasably attached to the rear end of the control body, so that the actuating rod 39 does not form fit with the connecting member 17a or one to the rear must be coupled to this subsequent push pin.
  • the actuator 16a can be produced from a section of a tube which has constant cross sections.
  • the control cams 20a are then produced in the manner of ring grooves with correspondingly stepped base surfaces and sloping flanks for the sloping flank of the respectively associated control cam 22a.
  • the passages 23a are produced which expediently protrude beyond the inner and / or outer end flank of the respective control curve 20a, so that the respective control curve is formed by curve segments distributed over the circumference, one of which is provided for the control of a functional element 10a.
  • eight functional elements 10a and eight processing elements 7a lying between them are provided.
  • six functional members 10a form only guide members without measuring nozzles, while only two functional members 10a lying approximately in a common axial plane are designed as measuring members.
  • At least the area of the nozzle openings 28, 28a or the entire working surface of the respective measuring element is expediently always set such that this area remains contact-free with a small gap distance with respect to the processing surface 44.
  • the design according to the invention can also be provided for the honing tools known from the applicant under the trademark "Precidor” according to DE-PS 24 60 997, to which reference is made for further features and effects.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Meßwerkzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 13.The invention relates to a measuring tool according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method according to the preamble of claim 13.

Durch die DE-OS 38 35 185 ist ein Honwerkzeug bekanntgeworden, das gleichzeitig als pneumatisches Meßwerkzeug während der Bearbeitung dient und zu diesem Zweck im Bereich von Führungsleisten eine gegen die Bohrungswandung radial gerichtete Meßdüse aufweist. Der auf die Meßdüse wirkende Staudruck dient als Referenzwert für den Bohrungsdurchmesser. Mit diesem Honwerkzeug können für ein bestimmtes Nennmaß sehr gute Bearbeitungsergebnisse erzielt werden. Es besteht jedoch das Bedürfnis nach Erhöhung der Vielseitigkeit des Einsatzes von Hon- bzw. Meßwerkzeugen.From DE-OS 38 35 185 a honing tool has become known which also serves as a pneumatic measuring tool during processing and for this purpose has a measuring nozzle directed radially against the bore wall in the area of guide strips. The dynamic pressure acting on the measuring nozzle serves as a reference value for the bore diameter. With this honing tool, very good machining results can be achieved for a certain nominal size. However, there is a need to increase the versatility of using honing or measuring tools.

Die DE-A-38 42 047 zeigt ein Honwerkzeug ohne Meßglieder, wobei Führungsglieder durch Federbelastung selbstnachstellend verstellbar sind.DE-A-38 42 047 shows a honing tool without measuring elements, with guide elements being self-adjusting by spring loading.

Die EP-A-0 081 635 zeigt ein Hon- und Meßwerkzeug, bei welchem die Meßglieder wie auch die Bearbeitungsglieder lagestarr am Werkzeugkörper befestigt sind, wobei die Bearbeitungsglieder elastisch nachgebend angeordnet sind.EP-A-0 081 635 shows a honing and measuring tool, in which the measuring members as well as the processing members are fixed in position on the tool body, the processing members being arranged in an elastically yielding manner.

Gemäß der US-A-2 680 912 ist ein reines Meßwerkzeug bekannt geworden, dessen an der Bearbeitungsfläche des Werkstückes gleitend zu führende Meßglieder in ihrer Länge verstellt werden können, um Verschleiß an der Gleitfläche des Meßgliedes ausgleichen zu können. Der Meßspalt ist hier nicht zwischen Meßglied und Bearbeitungsfläche, sondern zwischen einander zugekehrten Enden zweier oder mehrerer Meßglieder vorgesehen.According to US-A-2 680 912, a pure measuring tool has become known, the measuring elements of which can be slid on the machining surface of the workpiece can be adjusted in length in order to compensate for wear on the sliding surface of the measuring element. The measuring gap is not provided here between the measuring element and the processing surface, but between the ends of two or more measuring elements facing each other.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Meßwerkzeug der genannten Art zu schaffen, bei welchem Nachteile bekannter Ausbildungen vermieden sind und das insbesondere eine Anpassung seiner im wesentlichen nicht bearbeitenden Funktionsglieder an die jeweils zu bearbeitende bzw. in Bearbeitung befindliche Werkstück-Oberfläche oder Bohrung ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to provide a measuring tool of the type mentioned, in which disadvantages of known designs are avoided and in particular an adaptation of its essentially non-processing functional elements to the workpiece surface or bore to be machined or being machined.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sind die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 geeignet. Z.B. ist ein oder sind mehrere gleiche oder unterschiedliche Funktionsglieder wenigstens teilweise verstellbar am Werkzeugkörper gelagert. Je nachdem, in welcher Richtung die Verstellbarkeit vorgesehen ist, können dadurch vielfältige Veränderungen des Werkzeuges durch Einstellung bzw. Justierung vorgenommen werden.The features of claim 1 are suitable for achieving this object. E.g. If one or more identical or different functional elements are at least partially adjustably mounted on the tool body. Depending on the direction in which the adjustability is provided, various changes to the tool can be made through adjustment or adjustment.

Ist das Funktionsglied quer zur Bearbeitungsfläche verstellbar, so kann es z.B. mit durch die Bearbeitung zunehmender Bohrungsweite um entsprechend geringe Maße nachgestellt oder sogar auf unterschiedliche Bearbeitungs-Nennmaße um entsprechend größere Beträge umgestellt werden. Dadurch kann mit ein und demselben Werkzeug an Rotationsflächen stark unterschiedlicher Weite gearbeitet werden. Die Verstellbarkeit kann aber auch so vorgesehen sein, daß das jeweilige Funktionsglied zwischen einer Funktions- und einer Nicht-Funktions-Lage überführbar und so gegen mindestens ein weiteres Funktionsglied austauschbar ist, welches einem entsprechenden anderen Bearbeitungsmaß entspricht. Durch diese Ausbildung ist eine noch genauere Führung des Werkzeuges an der Werkstück-Oberfläche bzw. eine noch genauere Messung dieser Oberfläche möglich.If the functional element can be adjusted transversely to the machining surface, it can be adjusted by correspondingly small dimensions, for example, by increasing the bore width, or even converted to different nominal machining dimensions by correspondingly larger amounts. This means that one and the same tool can be used on rotating surfaces of widely differing widths. The adjustability can also be provided so that the respective functional element can be transferred between a functional and a non-functional position and can thus be exchanged for at least one further functional element which corresponds to a corresponding other machining dimension. This design enables an even more precise guidance of the tool on the workpiece surface or an even more precise measurement of this surface.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung eignet sich auch für Verfahren und Vorrichtungen bzw. Honwerkzeuge nach der DE-OS 38 27 892, auf die wegen weiterer Merkmale und Wirkungen Bezug genommen wird. Anstatt die Bearbeitung und Messung aufeinanderfolgend in gesonderten Stationen vorzunehmen, können beide Arbeitsgänge durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung gleichzeitig in derselben Station vorgenommen werden, wobei die Verstellung bzw. Nachstellung während der Bearbeitung bzw. Relativbewegung zwischen Oberfläche und Werkzeug oder in Pausenintervallen zwischen Bearbeitungszyklen durchgeführt werden kann. Die Verstellung kann des weiteren stufenlos und/oder in Stufen vorgesehen sein.The training according to the invention is also suitable for methods and devices or honing tools according to DE-OS 38 27 892, to which reference is made for further features and effects. Instead of processing and measuring in succession in separate stations, both work steps can be carried out simultaneously in the same station by the inventive design, the adjustment or readjustment can be carried out during processing or relative movement between surface and tool or in pause intervals between processing cycles. The adjustment can also be provided continuously and / or in stages.

Statt das jeweilige Funktionsglied axial im wesentlichen benachbart bzw. versetzt zu mindestens einem Bearbeitungsglied anzuordnen oder gegenüber diesem mit kleinerer oder größerer Länge auszubilden, wird es bevorzugt etwa gleich ausgebildet und so angeordnet, daß es sich teilweise oder ganz im selben Längsbereich des Werkzeugkörpers befindet. Alle Bearbeitungsglieder und mehrere bzw. alle Meßglieder bzw. Führungsglieder und/oder ähnliche Funktionsglieder können sich dadurch im selben Längsbereich des Werkzeugkörpers befinden und bei jeder Werkzeugstellung simultan wirksam sein.Instead of arranging the respective functional member axially substantially adjacent or offset to at least one machining member or forming a shorter or longer length with respect to it, it is preferably designed approximately the same and arranged so that it is located partially or completely in the same longitudinal region of the tool body. All processing elements and several or all measuring elements or guide elements and / or similar functional elements can thus be located in the same longitudinal region of the tool body and can be effective simultaneously in every tool position.

Die Lagerung des jeweiligen, verstellbaren Funktionsgliedes erfolgt zweckmäßig über eine Gleitlagerung, die eine Dreh- und/oder Schiebelagerung sein kann, wobei zweckmäßig die Anordnung so getroffen ist, daß das Funktionsglied zum Verstellen nicht unmittelbar von Hand oder mit einem Werkzeug bewegt werden muß, sondern mittelbar mit einer Stelleinrichtung verstellt werden kann, die wenigstens teilweise an bzw. in dem Werkzeugkörper angeordnet ist. Ein auf das jeweilige Funktionsglied wirkendes Stellglied kann dabei im wesentlichen im selben Längsbereich des Werkzeugkörpers wie mindestens ein Stellglied für wenigstens ein Bearbeitungsglied vorgesehen sein. Zur Betätigung des jeweiligen Stellgliedes ist mindestens ein geeignetes Stellantriebsglied vorgesehen, das z.B. durch eine am Werkzeugkörper gelagerte Handhabe oder stattdessen bzw. zusätzlich durch einen Stellantrieb der das Werkzeug tragenden Maschine gebildet ist, der über eine Stellstange auf das Stellglied wirkt.The storage of the respective, adjustable functional member is expediently carried out via a slide bearing, which is a rotary and / or Sliding storage can be, the arrangement being appropriately such that the functional element for adjustment does not have to be moved directly by hand or with a tool, but can be adjusted indirectly with an adjusting device which is at least partially arranged on or in the tool body. An actuator acting on the respective functional element can be provided essentially in the same longitudinal region of the tool body as at least one actuator for at least one machining element. To actuate the respective actuator, at least one suitable actuator is provided, which is formed, for example, by a handle mounted on the tool body or instead or additionally by an actuator of the machine carrying the tool, which acts on the actuator via an actuating rod.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung ist auch für solche Honwerkzeuge geeignet, die zwei oder mehr unabhängig voneinander quer zur Werkstück-Oberfläche oder in anderer Richtung verstellbare Sätze von jeweils einem oder mehreren Bearbeitungsgliedern aufweist, nämlich z.B. einen ersten Satz für die Vorbearbeitung und einen zweiten Satz für die Fertigbearbeitung. Mindestens ein oder alle Funktionsglieder können dabei über dasselbe Stellglied bzw. dieselbe Stelleinrichtung wie mindestens ein oder alle Bearbeitungsglieder verstellt werden, oder es kann jeweils ein gesondertes Stellglied vorgesehen sein. Z.B. kann mindestens ein bzw. können alle Funktionsglieder unabhängig von dem jeweiligen Bearbeitungsglied verstellbar sein, und es können die Funktionsglieder wiederum in Gruppen zusammengefaßt sein, die unabhängig voneinander verstellbar sind. So kann mindestens ein Funktionsglied unabhängig von mindestens einem Meßglied und/oder gemeinsam mit diesem verstellbar sein. Sind mehrere, unabhängig voneinander verstellbare Stellglieder vorgesehen, so liegen diese zweckmäßig annähernd koaxial ineinander bzw. innerhalb des hohlen Werkzeugkörpers, so daß sich eine sehr kompakte Ausbildung ergibt.The design according to the invention is also suitable for those honing tools which have two or more sets of one or more processing members which can be adjusted independently of one another transversely to the workpiece surface or in another direction, namely, for example, a first set for pre-processing and a second set for finishing . At least one or all of the functional elements can be adjusted via the same actuator or the same actuating device as at least one or all of the processing elements, or a separate actuator can be provided in each case. For example, at least one or all of the functional elements can be adjustable independently of the respective processing element, and the functional elements can in turn be combined in groups that are independently adjustable. At least one functional element can be adjustable independently of and / or together with at least one measuring element. If several, independently adjustable actuators are provided, these are expedient approximately coaxially one inside the other or within the hollow tool body, so that a very compact design results.

Mindestens ein Funktionsglied könnte zwar in beiden entgegengesetzten Richtungen seiner Verstellbarkeit zwangsgesteuert sein, jedoch ergibt sich eine wesentlich einfachere Ausbildung, wenn es nur in eine Richtung, insbesondere in Richtung gegen die Werkstück-Oberfläche, zwangsgesteuert und in der entgegengesetzten Richtung durch mindestens eine Rückstellfeder belastet ist. Die jeweilige Rückstellfeder kann gemeinsam für mindestens zwei bzw. alle Funktions- und/oder Bearbeitungsglieder vorgesehen sein.At least one functional element could be positively controlled in both opposite directions of its adjustability, but a considerably simpler design results if it is positively controlled only in one direction, in particular in the direction towards the workpiece surface, and is loaded in the opposite direction by at least one return spring . The respective return spring can be provided together for at least two or all functional and / or processing elements.

Zur Erhöhung der Meß- und/oder Führungsgenauigkeit ist wenigstens ein bzw. sind vorzugsweise alle Funktionsglieder leistenförmig ausgebildet. Das jeweilige Funktionsglied hat hinsichtlich der mit der Werkstück-Oberfläche zusammenwirkenden Fläche zweckmäßig annähernd gleiche Länge und/oder Breite wie mindestens ein Bearbeitungsglied.In order to increase the measuring and / or guiding accuracy, at least one or preferably all of the functional elements are designed in the form of strips. With regard to the surface interacting with the workpiece surface, the respective functional element expediently has approximately the same length and / or width as at least one machining element.

Das jeweilige Meßglied beeinflußt zweckmäßig über mindestens eine Steuerleitung eine Steuereinrichtung, über welche z.B. das Erreichen des Fertigmaßes während der Bearbeitung angezeigt wird. Diese Steuerleitung ist wenigstens im Bereich ihrer Verbindung mit dem Meßglied gegenüber dem Werkzeugkörper lageveränderbar, um die Verstellung nicht zu behindern. Z.B. kann die Steuerleitung durch einen flexiblen Schlauch gebildet sein oder wenigstens einen entsprechend flexiblen Zwischenabschnitt aufweisen; sie liegt vorteilhaft an der Außenseite des Werkzeugkörpers, kann aber auch innerhalb von dessen Außenfläche liegen. Des weiteren ist es denkbar, den Anschluß des Meßgliedes an die Steuerleitung durch eine Kupplung zu bilden, deren beide Kupplungsglieder um das Maß der Verstellung des Meßgliedes gegeneinander ohne Unterbrechung der Leitungsverbindung verschiebbar sind.The respective measuring element expediently influences a control device via at least one control line, by means of which, for example, the reaching of the finished dimension is indicated during processing. This control line can be changed in relation to the tool body, at least in the area of its connection to the measuring element, so as not to impede the adjustment. For example, the control line can be formed by a flexible hose or have at least one correspondingly flexible intermediate section; it is advantageously on the outside of the tool body, but can also lie within its outer surface. Furthermore, it is conceivable to form the connection of the measuring element to the control line by a coupling, the two coupling elements by the dimension of Adjustment of the measuring element can be moved against one another without interrupting the line connection.

Erfindungsgemäß ist des weiteren für ein Hon- bzw. Meßwerkzeug der beschriebenen oder einer anderen Art eine Eich- bzw. Justiereinrichtung mit mindestens einer der Werkstück-Oberfläche entsprechenden Referenzfläche vorgesehen, an welcher das jeweilige Funktionsglied ausgerichtet bzw. ein Referenzwert für seine Funktion abgeleitet werden kann; Z.B. können Führungsglieder durch Anstellen an die Referenzfläche genau eingestellt werden. Des weiteren kann der Staudruck einer pneumatischen Meßeinrichtung an dieser Referenzfläche erfaßt und als Bezugswert für die Oberflächenmessung des Werkstückes verwendet werden. Die Referenzfläche befindet sich zweckmäßig so im z.B. axialen Bewegungsweg des Werkzeuges, daß sie durch eine einfache Werkzeugbewegung vom jeweiligen Funktionsglied angefahren werden kann.According to the invention, a calibration or adjustment device with at least one reference surface corresponding to the workpiece surface is also provided for a honing or measuring tool of the type described or another type, on which the respective functional element can be aligned or a reference value for its function can be derived ; E.g. guide elements can be precisely adjusted by placing them on the reference surface. Furthermore, the dynamic pressure of a pneumatic measuring device can be detected on this reference surface and used as a reference value for the surface measurement of the workpiece. The reference surface is conveniently located in e.g. axial path of movement of the tool that it can be started by a simple tool movement by the respective functional member.

Sollen bei der Bearbeitung von Werkstücken, beispielsweise bei Kolbenlaufbahnen von Zylinderblöcken, in einer Bearbeitungsstraße hintereinander Werkstücke mit unterschiedlichen Nenndurchmessern an einer einzigen Honmaschine bzw. mit einem einzigen Honwerkzeug oder ohne Werkzeugwechsel lediglich durch Umstellung der Bearbeitungsglieder bearbeitet werden, so ist zweckmäßig eine mindestens der Anzahl der unterschiedlichen Nennmaße entsprechende Anzahl von Referenzflächen vorgesehen, damit im wesentlichen für jede Einstellung der Bearbeitungsglieder auch eine Eichung bzw. Justierung möglich ist. Es ist denkbar, die Referenzflächen gleichsinnig abgestuft hintereinander vorzusehen, so daß sie je nach Einstellung der Funktions- bzw. Bearbeitungsglieder durch mehr oder weniger weites axiales Zurückfahren des Werkzeuges in Eingriff mit diesen Gliedern gebracht werden können, ohne daß weitere Bewegungen erforderlich sind. Stattdessen oder zusätzlich hierzu können Referenzflächen aber auch magazinartig nebeneinander, z.B. nach Art eines drehbaren Revolvermagazines, vorgesehen bzw. nacheinander in den Bewegungsweg des Werkzeuges überführbar sein.If workpieces with different nominal diameters are to be machined one after the other on a single honing machine or with a single honing tool or without a tool change or only by changing the machining elements when machining workpieces, for example piston raceways of cylinder blocks, in a processing line, then at least the number of different number of reference surfaces corresponding number provided so that a calibration or adjustment is essentially possible for each setting of the processing elements. It is conceivable to provide the reference surfaces in the same direction, one behind the other, so that, depending on the setting of the functional or machining members, they can be brought into engagement with these members by moving the tool axially backward to a greater or lesser extent without further movements being required. Instead or in addition to this, reference surfaces can also be provided next to one another like a magazine, for example in the manner of a rotatable revolver magazine, or can be transferred one after the other into the movement path of the tool.

Erfindungsgemäß wird des weiteren ein Verfahren zur Messung einer Werkstück-Oberfläche gemäß dem Anspruch 13 vorgeschlagen. Bevorzugt wird im Zuge der Bearbeitung einer Werkstück-Oberfläche mindestens ein Funktionsglied gegen diese Oberfläche nachgestellt, um seine durch die Bearbeitung größer gewordenen Funktionstoleranzen wieder zu verkleinern. Im Falle eines pneumatischen Meßgliedes z.B. kann das Werkzeug im Zuge der genannten Bearbeitung von der Werkstück-Oberfläche zurück- bzw. aus der Bohrung herausgefahren, nachgestellt und für einen Null-Abgleich der Steuereinrichtung an der Referenzfläche geeicht werden, wonach sofort die weitere Bearbeitung fortgeführt wird. Dadurch werden die Nachteile vermieden, die sich dadurch ergeben, daß mit zunehmender Bearbeitung der Meßspalt zwischen Meßglied und Werkstück-Oberfläche größer wird und dadurch gegen Ende der Bearbeitung die Meßgenauigkeit abnimmt.According to the invention, a method for measuring a workpiece surface is also proposed. In the course of machining a workpiece surface, at least one functional element is preferably re-adjusted against this surface in order to reduce its functional tolerances which have become larger as a result of the machining. In the case of a pneumatic measuring element e.g. the tool can be moved back or out of the hole in the course of the above-mentioned machining, readjusted and calibrated for a zero adjustment of the control device on the reference surface, after which the further machining is continued immediately. This avoids the disadvantages that result from the fact that the measuring gap between the measuring element and the workpiece surface increases with increasing machining and the measuring accuracy decreases as the machining ends.

Eine Verstellung des jeweiligen Funktionsgliedes in, wenn auch kleinsten, Stufen kann durch eine abgestufte Steuerkurve des Stellgliedes und/oder dadurch erreicht werden, daß ein Stellglied mit z.B. kontinuierlich steigender Steuerkurve über einen Schrittmotor betätigt wird, dessen Stellschritte durch ein Zählwerk genau bestimmbar sind, so daß die tatsächliche Einstellung jederzeit genau erfaßt ist.An adjustment of the respective functional element in, albeit smallest, stages can be achieved by a graduated control curve of the actuator and / or by actuating an actuator with, for example, a continuously increasing control curve via a stepper motor, the actuating steps of which can be precisely determined by a counter, so that the actual setting is precisely recorded at all times.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein erfindungsgemäßes Werkzeug im Axialschnitt,
Fig. 2
eine erfindungsgemäße Maschine zum Betrieb des Werkzeuges in teilweise vereinfachter Darstellung,
Fig. 3
eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Werkzeuges in einer Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 1 und
Fig. 4
ein Stellglied in Ansicht.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below. The drawings show:
Fig. 1
an inventive tool in axial section,
Fig. 2
a machine according to the invention for operating the tool in a partially simplified representation,
Fig. 3
a further embodiment of a tool in a representation corresponding to FIGS. 1 and
Fig. 4
an actuator in view.

Das nach Art eines Hon- bzw. Meßdornes ausgebildete Werkzeug 1 weist einen im wesentlichen hohlen bzw. hülsenförmigen Werkzeugkörper 2 auf, der am hinteren Ende einen Werkzeugschaft 3 mit einem Kupplungsglied 4 zur kardanisch selbstausrichtenden Verbindung mit einer drehbaren und/oder axial sowie ggf. oszillierend bewegbaren Maschinenspindel aufweist. Ein vorderer, an den Werkzeugschaft 3 anschließender Abschnitt des Werkzeuges 1 bildet einen Werkzeugkopf 5, mit dessen Bereich das Werkzeug bearbeitet, führt und/oder mißt.The tool 1, which is designed in the manner of a honing or measuring mandrel, has an essentially hollow or sleeve-shaped tool body 2, which has a tool shaft 3 at the rear end with a coupling member 4 for a cardanically self-aligning connection with a rotatable and / or axial and possibly oscillating Movable machine spindle. A front section of the tool 1 adjoining the tool shank 3 forms a tool head 5, with the area of which the tool processes, guides and / or measures.

Am Mantel 6 des im wesentlichen einteiligen Werkzeugkörpers 2 sind mehrere im wesentlichen gleiche und gleichmäßig um die Werkzeugachse verteilte, leistenförmige Bearbeitungsglieder 7 vorgesehen, von denen jeweils zwei annähernd in einer gemeinsamen Axialebene liegen und die sich annähernd achsparallel zum Werkzeug erstrecken. Jedes Bearbeitungsglied 7 weist eine in einem Längsschlitz des Mantels 6 annähernd radial geführte Tragleiste 8 mit einem Bearbeitungs-Belag 9 an der radial äußeren Leistenkante auf. Außerdem sind in entsprechenden Längsschlitzen des Mantels 6 mehrere im wesentlichen gleichmäßig um die Werkzeugachse verteilte Funktionsglieder 10 annähernd radial verstellbar geführt, die ebenfalls leistenförmig ausgebildet sind, wobei zweckmäßig jeweils zwei gleichartige Funktionsglieder 10 im wesentlichen in einer gemeinsamen Axialebene vorgesehen sind. Jedes Funktionsglied 10 weist eine Tragleiste 11 und an deren äußeren Längskante einen hochverschleißfesten Belag 12 auf. Die Führungsschlitze für die Bearbeitungsglieder 7 und die Funktionsglieder 10 können gleiche Abmessungen haben, und ihre Enden können jeweils in einer gemeinsamen, zur Werkzeugachse rechtwinkligen Ebene liegen, so daß ein und derselbe Werkzeugkörper mit einer unterschiedlichen Verteilung und unterschiedlichen Anzahlen der genannten Glieder je nach den Erfordernissen bestückt werden kann.On the jacket 6 of the essentially one-piece tool body 2 are several substantially the same and even around Tool-axis-shaped, strip-shaped machining members 7 are provided, two of which each lie approximately in a common axial plane and which extend approximately axially parallel to the tool. Each processing element 7 has a support strip 8 which is approximately radially guided in a longitudinal slot of the jacket 6 and has a processing covering 9 on the radially outer edge of the strip. In addition, in corresponding longitudinal slots of the jacket 6, a plurality of function members 10, which are substantially uniformly distributed around the tool axis, are guided in an approximately radially adjustable manner, which are also formed in a strip-like manner, two functional members 10 of the same type being expediently provided in a common axial plane. Each functional member 10 has a support strip 11 and on its outer longitudinal edge a highly wear-resistant covering 12. The guide slots for the processing members 7 and the functional members 10 can have the same dimensions, and their ends can each lie in a common plane perpendicular to the tool axis, so that one and the same tool body with a different distribution and different numbers of said members depending on the requirements can be equipped.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausbildung sind sechs Glieder im wesentlichen gleichmäßig über den Umfang verteilt, wobei vier als Bearbeitungsglieder und zwei als Meß- bzw. Führungsglieder ausgebildet sind. Vorteilhaft kann aber auch zwischen jeweils zwei benachbarten Bearbeitungsgliedern ein Funktionsglied 10 vorgesehen sein, wobei in Umfangsrichtung abwechselnd die Funktionsglieder als Meßglieder und Führungsglieder ausgebildet sein können oder das jeweilige Funktionsglied 10 gleichzeitig zur Messung und Führung bestimmt sein kann.In a preferred embodiment, six links are distributed substantially uniformly over the circumference, four being designed as processing links and two as measuring or guide links. However, a functional member 10 can advantageously also be provided between two adjacent processing members, wherein the functional members can alternately be designed as measuring members and guide members in the circumferential direction, or the respective functional member 10 can be simultaneously determined for measurement and guidance.

Die Bearbeitungsglieder 7 sind mit einer innerhalb des Mantels 6 liegenden Stelleinrichtung 13 und die Funktionsglieder 10 mit einer weiteren Stelleinrichtung 14 verstellbar, deren hülsenförmiges Stellglied 16 an der Innenseite des Mantels 6 und an deren Innenseite ein Stellglied 15 der Stelleinrichtung 13 geführt ist. Die Stellglieder 15, 16 weisen an ihren hinteren Enden innerhalb des Werkzeugschaftes und ineinanderliegende Anschlußglieder 17, 18 zur Verbindung mit entsprechend ineinanderliegenden Stellstangen der Maschinenspindel auf, welche beim Einsetzen des Werkzeuges 1 in die Maschinenspindel zweckmäßig gleichzeitig mit den Anschlußgliedern 17, 18 so gekuppelt werden, daß mindestens ein, insbesondere das Stellglied 15 axial in beiden Richtungen zwangsläufig formschlüssig mitgenommen werden kann.The processing elements 7 are adjustable with an actuating device 13 located within the casing 6 and the functional members 10 with a further actuating device 14, the sleeve-shaped actuator 16 of which is guided on the inside of the casing 6 and on the inside of which an actuator 15 of the actuating device 13 is guided. The actuators 15, 16 have at their rear ends within the tool shaft and nested connecting members 17, 18 for connection to corresponding nested adjusting rods of the machine spindle, which are expediently coupled to the connecting members 17, 18 when the tool 1 is inserted into the machine spindle, that at least one, in particular the actuator 15 can be positively entrained axially in both directions.

Die Stelleinrichtung 13 weist zwei im axialen Abstand hintereinander liegende, spitzwinklige Stellkegel auf, deren Außenumfang jeweils eine Steuerkurve 19 bildet und die mit anschließenden Zylinderabschnitten an der zylindrischen Innenfläche des Stellgliedes 16 geführt sind. Dieses weist am Außenumfang zwei in einem größeren Axialabstand und annähernd im Bereich der Enden der Funktionsglieder 10 hintereinander liegende, abgestufte Steuerkurven 20 auf, die jedoch - insbesondere bei Verwendung eines elektronischen Schrittmotores als Stellantrieb - auch stufenfrei konisch sein könnten. An den Steuerkurven 19 liegen die Bearbeitungsglieder 7 mit radial nach innen gerichteten, plattenförmigen Steuernocken 21 an, welche über die inneren Längskanten der Tragleisten 8 als einteilige Bestandteile vorstehen, im axialen Abstand zueinander liegen und Laufflächen aufweisen, die durch ihre inneren Längskanten gebildet sowie annähernd gleich lang wie die jeweils zugehörige Steuerkurve 19 sind.The actuating device 13 has two, at an axial distance one behind the other, acute-angled adjusting cones, the outer circumference of which each forms a control curve 19 and which are guided with subsequent cylinder sections on the cylindrical inner surface of the actuator 16. On the outer circumference, this has two stepped control cams 20 which are located one behind the other at a larger axial distance and approximately in the region of the ends of the functional members 10, but which, in particular when using an electronic stepping motor as an actuator, could also be stepped conically. On the control cams 19, the processing members 7 rest with radially inwardly directed, plate-shaped control cams 21, which protrude beyond the inner longitudinal edges of the support strips 8 as one-piece components, are axially spaced apart and have treads which are formed by their inner longitudinal edges and are approximately the same long as the associated control curve 19.

Die Funktionsglieder 10 weisen entsprechende, flachplattenförmige Steuernocken 22 auf, welche über die innere Längskante der jeweiligen Tragleiste 11 vorstehen, einteilig mit dieser ausgebildet sind, annähernd an deren Endkanten anschließen und einen größeren Axialabstand als die Steuernocken 21 voneinander aufweisen. Jeder Steuernocken 22 ist mit einer schrägen, zur Werkzeugachse spitzwinkligen Lauffläche für die Führung an der zugehörigen Steuerkurve 20 versehen, wobei diese Lauffläche zweckmäßig am Nockenende in eine neutral wirkende Kante übergeht, die entsprechend den zugehörigen Stufenflächen der Steuerkurve 20 etwa achsparallel zum Werkzeug liegt. Die Steuernocken 21 durchsetzen Durchtritte 23 in Form von Längsschlitzen im Mantel des Stellgliedes 16; diese Durchtritte 23 sind mindestens um den maximalen Stellweg des Stellgliedes 16 länger als die Steuernocken 21, wobei für hintereinander liegende Steuernocken 21 gesonderte Durchtritte 23 vorgesehen sind, zwischen deren Enden jeweils ein Abschnitt des Mantels des Stellgliedes 16 liegt. Die Laufflächen der Steuernocken 21 bzw. 22 können im Querschnitt schneidenartig zugespitzt bzw. mit entsprechenden Flanken versehen sein, so daß auch dann eine große Anzahl von beispielsweise sechszehn Bearbeitungs- bzw. Funktionsgliedern untergebracht werden kann, wenn der kleinste Abstand der zugehörigen Steuerkurve 19 bzw. 20 von der Werkzeug- bzw. Stellachse nur wenige Millimeter beträgt.The functional members 10 have corresponding, flat-plate-shaped control cams 22 which protrude beyond the inner longitudinal edge of the respective support bar 11, are formed in one piece therewith, connect approximately to the end edges thereof and have a larger axial distance than the control cams 21 from one another. Each control cam 22 is provided with an oblique running surface at an acute angle to the tool axis for guiding on the associated control cam 20, this running surface expediently merging at the cam end into a neutral-looking edge which is approximately axially parallel to the tool in accordance with the associated stepped surfaces of the control cam 20. The control cams 21 penetrate passages 23 in the form of longitudinal slots in the jacket of the actuator 16; these passages 23 are at least longer than the control cams 21 by the maximum travel of the actuator 16, separate passages 23 being provided for control cams 21 one behind the other, between the ends of which a section of the jacket of the actuator 16 lies. The running surfaces of the control cams 21 and 22 can be tapered in cross-section or provided with corresponding flanks, so that a large number of, for example, sixteen processing or functional members can also be accommodated if the smallest distance between the associated control cam 19 or 20 of the tool or adjusting axis is only a few millimeters.

Die Bearbeitungsglieder 7 und die Funktionsglieder 10 sind durch gemeinsame Federn 24, 25 radial nach innen federbelastet. Damit hierfür nur zwei Federn 24, 25 erforderlich sind, sind diese durch Ringfedern gebildet, welche in Nuten im Bereich der Enden der Tragleisten 8, 11 eingreifen. Durch die Federn 24, 25 werden die Steuernocken 21, 22 spielfrei an den Steuerkurven 19, 20 angelegt gehalten. Das Stellglied 16 ist zweckmäßig nur in seiner der Zustellung zugehörigen, zum vorderen Werkzeugende gerichteten Stellbewegung zwangsläufig bewegbar und wird in der entgegengesetzten Richtung durch eine Rückstellfeder 26 bewegt, die im Bereich des vorderen Endes am Stellglied 16 angreift, achsgleich zu diesem angeordnet ist, in Längsrichtung vor den vorderen Enden der Bearbeitungs- bzw. Funktionsglieder 7, 10 bzw. der Stellglieder 15, 16 liegt und zweckmäßig in einem Federgehäuse 27 angeordnet ist, das durch das vordere Ende des Mantels 6 des Werkzeugkörpers 2 gebildet ist. Durch die beschriebene Ausbildung kann der Mantel 6 eine im wesentlichen über seine gesamte Länge durchgehend konstante Innenweite zur Führung des Stellgliedes 16 und/oder zur Aufnahme der Rückstellfeder 26 aufweisen.The processing members 7 and the functional members 10 are spring-loaded radially inwards by common springs 24, 25. So that only two springs 24, 25 are required for this purpose, these are formed by ring springs which engage in grooves in the region of the ends of the support strips 8, 11. The control cams 21, 22 are held on the control cams 19, 20 without play by the springs 24, 25. The actuator 16 is useful only in its associated with the infeed to the front Tool-end directed movement is inevitably movable and is moved in the opposite direction by a return spring 26, which acts on the actuator 16 in the region of the front end, is arranged axially to this, in the longitudinal direction in front of the front ends of the processing or functional elements 7, 10 and The actuators 15, 16 are located and expediently arranged in a spring housing 27 which is formed by the front end of the jacket 6 of the tool body 2. As a result of the design described, the jacket 6 can have an inner width which is substantially constant over its entire length for guiding the actuator 16 and / or for receiving the return spring 26.

Das Funktionsglied 10 weist etwa in der Mitte der Länge und/oder der Breite seiner Arbeitsfläche, die annähernd über die gesamte Länge der Tragleiste 11 reicht, die etwa rechtwinklig zu dieser Arbeitsfläche gerichtete Düsenöffnung einer Meßdüse 28 auf, welche durch eine Düsenbohrung im Belag 12 gebildet ist. Diese Düsenbohrung ist mit ihrem inneren Ende an das Ende eines Kanales 29 angeschlossen, welcher als Bohrung in der Tragleiste 11 vorgesehen ist und von deren, insbesondere hinteren, Endkante ausgeht. Für die Verbindung der Meßdüse 28 mit einer Druckquelle bzw. einer Erfassungseinrichtung für den Druck ist am Werkzeug 1 ein Anschluß 30, z.B. ein Steckanschluß, vorgesehen, an welchen eine entsprechende Schlauch- oder Rohrleitung der Maschine angeschlossen werden kann. Zu diesem Zweck ist an dem Funktionsglied 10 bzw. der Tragleiste 11 ein Kupplungsstück in Form beispielsweise eines S-förmig abgekröpften Rohrkrümmers befestigt, der benachbart zum Außenumfang des Mantels 6 frei nach hinten absteht und durch Einstecken in einen entsprechend erweiterten Endabschnitt des Kanales 29 am Funktionsglied 10 befestigt ist. Das Kupplungsstück 31 greift mit seinem an die Endkante des Funktionsgliedes 10 anschließenden Abschnitt in eine durch eine Axialnut gebildete Tasche 32 am Außenumfang des Mantels 6 so ein, daß es ungehindert die Radialbewegungen des Funktionsgliedes 10 gegenüber dem Mantel 6 mit ausführen kann.The functional member 10 has approximately in the middle of the length and / or the width of its working surface, which extends approximately over the entire length of the support strip 11, the nozzle opening of a measuring nozzle 28 which is approximately at right angles to this working surface and is formed by a nozzle bore in the coating 12 is. This nozzle bore is connected with its inner end to the end of a channel 29, which is provided as a bore in the support bar 11 and extends from its, in particular rear, end edge. For the connection of the measuring nozzle 28 to a pressure source or a detection device for the pressure, a connection 30, for example a plug connection, is provided on the tool 1, to which a corresponding hose or pipe of the machine can be connected. For this purpose, a coupling piece in the form of, for example, an S-shaped bent elbow is attached to the functional member 10 or the support bar 11, which projects freely to the rear adjacent to the outer circumference of the jacket 6 and by inserting it into a correspondingly enlarged end section of the channel 29 on the functional member 10 is attached. The coupling piece 31 engages with his End edge of the functional member 10 adjoining section into a pocket 32 formed by an axial groove on the outer circumference of the jacket 6 so that it can carry out the radial movements of the functional member 10 with respect to the jacket 6 without hindrance.

Das Werkzeug 1 dient zur Verwendung an einer Maschine gemäß Fig. 2, an deren Arbeitsspindel 33 es befestigt wird. Die Arbeitsspindel 33 ist mit einem Arbeitsantrieb 34 dreh- und axial bewegbar, wobei ein Stellmotor 35 dieses Arbeitsantriebes 34 so ausgebildet ist, daß das Werkzeug 1 in unterschiedliche Axial- bzw. Funktionslagen überführt und in der jeweiligen Funktionslage festgehalten werden kann. In der hohlen Arbeitsspindel 33 ist eine ebenfalls hohle Stellstange 36 axial verschiebbar oder - falls eine der beschriebenen Stellbewegungen des Werkzeuges keine Axialbewegung, sondern eine Drehbewegung sein sollte - drehbar gelagert, die über eine Stelleinrichtung 37 mit einem Stellmotor 38 zu bewegen ist und zur Betätigung der Stelleinrichtung 14 dient. Entsprechend drehbar und/oder verschiebbar ist in der Stellstange 36 zur Betätigung der Stelleinrichtung 13 eine Stellstange 39 gelagert, die über eine Stelleinrichtung 40 mit einem Schrittmotor 41 anzutreiben ist. Die Stelleinrichtungen 37, 40 können in jeder Axiallage der Arbeitsspindel 33 wirksam werden.The tool 1 is used on a machine according to FIG. 2, on the work spindle 33 of which it is attached. The work spindle 33 is rotatable and axially movable with a work drive 34, an actuator 35 of this work drive 34 being designed so that the tool 1 can be converted into different axial or functional positions and can be held in the respective functional position. In the hollow work spindle 33, a likewise hollow actuating rod 36 is axially displaceable or - if one of the described actuating movements of the tool should not be an axial movement, but rather a rotary movement - is rotatably mounted, which can be moved via an actuating device 37 with an actuating motor 38 and for actuating the Actuator 14 is used. Correspondingly rotatable and / or displaceable, an actuating rod 39 is mounted in the actuating rod 36 for actuating the actuating device 13 and can be driven by a stepping motor 41 via an actuating device 40. The actuating devices 37, 40 can be effective in any axial position of the work spindle 33.

Das zu messende bzw. zu bearbeitende Werkstück 43 ist auf einem Maschinentisch 42 ggf. mit einer Transporteinrichtung so anzuordnen, daß es quer zur Werkzeugachse in einer Reihe mit weiteren Werkstücken in und aus dem Arbeitsbereich des Werkzeuges 1 bewegt werden kann. Am Werkstück 43 ist eine innen liegende Oberfläche 44 in Form einer Bohrung zu bearbeiten. Der Anschluß 30 des Funktionsgliedes 10 ist über eine entlang der Arbeitsspindel 33 nach oben geführte Leitung 45 an einen Wandler 46 angeschlossen, in welchem der an die Meßdüse 28 angelegte und durch die Oberfläche 44 je nach Abstand mehr oder weniger gestaute Luftdruck in einen elektrischen Wert umgewandelt wird, der z.B. über eine Rückkoppelungssteuerung entsprechende Signale an eine Steuereinrichtung 47 bzw. an deren Meßwerterfassung 48 gibt. Die Steuereinrichtung 47 erhält außerdem vom Arbeitsantrieb und/oder von einer oder beiden Stelleinrichtungen 37, 40 Zustandssignale darüber, in welchem Lage- und Einstellzustand sich das Werkzeug 1 bzw. die Bearbeitungs- und Funktionsglieder 7, 10 befinden. Diese Signale werden in einem Prozessor zu Steuerimpulsen verarbeitet, durch welche zumindest der Stellantrieb 35 und die Stelleinrichtungen 37, 40 gesteuert werden.The workpiece 43 to be measured or machined is to be arranged on a machine table 42, possibly with a transport device, in such a way that it can be moved transversely to the tool axis in a row with further workpieces in and out of the working area of the tool 1. An internal surface 44 in the form of a bore is to be machined on the workpiece 43. The connection 30 of the functional element 10 is via a line 45 which is led upwards along the work spindle 33 connected to a converter 46, in which the air pressure applied to the measuring nozzle 28 and more or less accumulated by the surface 44 depending on the distance is converted into an electrical value, which signals, for example via feedback control, to a control device 47 or to its measured value acquisition 48 there. The control device 47 also receives status signals from the working drive and / or from one or both actuating devices 37, 40 about the position and setting state of the tool 1 or the processing and functional elements 7, 10. These signals are processed in a processor into control pulses, by means of which at least the actuator 35 and the actuating devices 37, 40 are controlled.

Um die Funktionsglieder 10 jederzeit nacheichen zu können, ist außerhalb des Arbeitsbereiches des Werkzeuges 1 zwischen den dem Arbeitsantrieb 34 aufweisenden Spindelkopf der Maschine und dem Maschinentisch 42 eine Justiereinrichtung 50 mit einem Eichring 51 vorgesehen, welcher von der Arbeitsspindel 33 koaxial durchsetzt wird. Sobald die Meßwerterfassung 48 einen zu geringen Staudruck feststellt, wird das Werkzeug 1 programmgesteuert über den Arbeitsantrieb 34 in den Eichring 51 zurückgezogen, und die Funktionsglieder 10 werden über die Stelleinrichtungen 37 um ein vorbestimmtes Maß nachgestellt. Anhand der mit der fertigbearbeiteten Oberfläche 44 übereinstimmenden Referenzfläche 52 des Eichringes 51 wird dann über die Meßwerterfassung 48 der zugehörige Signalwert des Referenz-Staudruckes erfaßt und über einen Null-Abgleich 59 als Ausgangswert für die weitere Messung der Oberfläche 44 festgelegt. Nach diesem Arbeitsschritt fährt das Werkzeug 1 wieder in die gekrümmte Oberfläche 44 ein und setzt die Bearbeitung fort.In order to be able to re-calibrate the functional elements 10 at any time, an adjustment device 50 with a calibration ring 51 is provided outside the working area of the tool 1 between the spindle head of the machine having the work drive 34 and the machine table 42, which is coaxially penetrated by the work spindle 33. As soon as the measured value acquisition 48 detects a back pressure which is too low, the tool 1 is withdrawn in a program-controlled manner via the working drive 34 into the calibration ring 51, and the functional elements 10 are adjusted by a predetermined amount via the adjusting devices 37. Using the reference surface 52 of the calibration ring 51 which corresponds to the finished surface 44, the associated signal value of the reference dynamic pressure is then detected via the measured value acquisition 48 and defined as a starting value for the further measurement of the surface 44 via a zero adjustment 59. After this step, the tool 1 moves back into the curved surface 44 and continues the machining.

Die Steuereinrichtung 47 kann auch zur Kompensation des Verschleißes der Bearbeitungsglieder 7 vorgesehen sein. Sobald durch die Meßwerterfassung 48 festgestellt wird, daß das von den Funktionsgliedern 10 gemessene Maß um einen bestimmten Betrag von dem gewünschten Soll-Maß abweicht, wird ein Signal an den Zustellmechanismus gegeben, der die entsprechenden Kompensationsschritte durch den Stellmotor 41 ausführen läßt. Stattdessen kann die Verschleißkompensation auch aufgrund eines empirisch ermittelten Wertes vorgenommen werden, der sich aufgrund einer bestimmten Bearbeitungsdauer und -intensität ergibt.The control device 47 can also be provided to compensate for the wear of the processing members 7. As soon as it is determined by the measured value acquisition 48 that the dimension measured by the functional elements 10 deviates from the desired target dimension by a certain amount, a signal is sent to the infeed mechanism, which allows the corresponding compensation steps to be carried out by the servomotor 41. Instead, the wear compensation can also be carried out on the basis of an empirically determined value, which results from a certain processing time and intensity.

Die erfindungsgemäße Maschine ist auch dafür geeignet, Oberflächen 44 unterschiedlichen Nennmaßes nacheinander mit ein und demselben Werkzeug 1 zu bearbeiten. Um dabei trotzdem Nacheichungen ohne aufwendiges Umrüsten der Maschine vornehmen zu können, weist die Justiereinrichtung 50 in einem Magazin 53 eine entsprechende Anzahl von Eichkörpern bzw. Eichringen 51 auf, die den vorkommenden Nennmaßen entsprechende Referenzflächen 52 haben. Das Magazin kann z.B. ein Revolvermagazin sein, welches um eine zur Werkzeugachse parallele Abstandsachse mit einem Stellmotor 54 so drehbar ist, daß jeder Eichring 51 in eine zum Werkzeug 1 achsgleiche Lage überführt werden kann. Der Hubantrieb der Arbeitsspindel 33 ist so ausgeführt, daß das Werkzeug 1 nach dem Durchfahren des Eichringes 51 vollständig gegenüber diesem zurückgezogen werden kann und somit das Magazin 53 für das genannte Weiterschalten freigibt. Statt eines Revolvermagazines könnte auch ein etwa linear bzw. rechtwinklig zur Werkzeugachse in entsprechenden Lagerungen eines Maschinengestelles verschiebbares Magazin vorgesehen sein.The machine according to the invention is also suitable for machining surfaces 44 of different nominal dimensions in succession with one and the same tool 1. In order to be able to carry out re-verifications without complex retrofitting of the machine, the adjusting device 50 has a corresponding number of calibration bodies or calibration rings 51 in a magazine 53, which have reference surfaces 52 corresponding to the nominal dimensions that occur. The magazine can e.g. be a revolver magazine, which can be rotated about a distance axis parallel to the tool axis with a servomotor 54 so that each calibration ring 51 can be transferred into a position that is the same as the tool 1. The lifting drive of the work spindle 33 is designed in such a way that the tool 1 can be completely retracted relative to the latter after the calibration ring 51 has been passed through, thus releasing the magazine 53 for the aforementioned advancement. Instead of a revolver magazine, a magazine which could be displaced approximately linearly or at right angles to the tool axis in corresponding bearings of a machine frame could also be provided.

In Fig. 1 ist das Werkzeug 1 in seiner Einstellung für den kleinstmöglichen Nenndurchmesser dargestellt. Zur Bearbeitung einer Bohrung mit einem größeren Nenndurchmesser werden die Bearbeitungsglieder 7 über die Stelleinrichtungen 13, 40 entsprechend zugestellt. Im wesentlichen gleichzeitig werden die Funktionsglieder 10 über die Stelleinrichtungen 14, 37 entsprechend zugestellt. Damit die jeweils richtige Einstellung selbsttätig vorgenommen wird, kann im Transportweg der Werkstücke 43 ein Sensor 55 für eine entsprechende, an den Werkstücken 43 vorhandene Kodierung oder dgl. vorgesehen sein, aus welcher das jeweils zu bearbeitende Nennmaß hervorgeht. Der Sensor 55 gibt diese Information als kodiertes Signal an den Prozessor der Steuereinrichtung 47 weiter, der daraufhin in der beschriebenen Weise die genannten Einstellungen vornimmt und die aufeinanderfolgenden Arbeitsschritte der Justiereinrichtung 50 veranlaßt, welche erforderlich sind, damit der zugehörige Eichring 51 in Funktionslage überführt wird.In Fig. 1 the tool 1 is shown in its setting for the smallest possible nominal diameter. For processing The machining members 7 are appropriately fed via a setting device 13, 40 to a bore with a larger nominal diameter. Essentially simultaneously, the functional elements 10 are appropriately delivered via the actuating devices 14, 37. In order for the correct setting to be carried out automatically, a sensor 55 can be provided in the transport path of the workpieces 43 for a corresponding coding or the like on the workpieces 43, from which the nominal dimension to be machined can be seen. The sensor 55 transmits this information as a coded signal to the processor of the control device 47, which then makes the above-mentioned settings in the manner described and initiates the successive work steps of the adjusting device 50, which are necessary for the associated calibration ring 51 to be brought into the functional position.

In den Figuren 3 und 4 sind für einander entsprechende Teile die gleichen Bezugszeichen wie in Fig. 1, jedoch mit dem Index "a" verwendet, weshalb entsprechende Beschreibungsteile auch für dieses Ausführungsbeispiel sinngemäß gelten. Die unterschiedlichen oder gleichen Ausbildungen nach den Figuren 1 und 3 können auch gemeinsam oder mehrfach an einem Werkzeug vorgesehen sein. Die Stelleinrichtung 14a liegt bei dieser Ausführungsform im Bereich des vorderen Endes des Werkzeuges 1a und ist zweckmäßig statt mit einem am Werkzeugkörper 2a angeordneten Stellmotor manuell mit einer Handhabe in Form eines Stellringes 38a betätigbar. Das Stellglied 16a ist nach vorne über das zugehörige Ende des Werkzeugkörpers 2a bzw. dessen Endabschnitt 27a hinaus verlängert und von dem Stellring 38a umgeben, der über Nocken 56, z.B. zwei achsgleiche, radiale Stifte in Kulissenführungen 37a des Stellgliedes 16a eingreift, welche als abgestufte Schlitze in dessen vorderem Ende vorgesehen sind und nach Art einer abgestuften Wendel axiale Steigung haben. Der Stellring 38a übergreift das vordere, im Durchmesser entsprechend reduzierte Ende des Werkzeugkörpers 2a und ist gegenüber diesem zwar axial gesichert, jedoch drehbar, was z.B. durch radial nach innen vorstehende Nocken erzielt werden kann, welche nachstellbar in eine Ringnut des Werkzeugkörpers 2a eingreifen.In FIGS. 3 and 4, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 are used for corresponding parts, but with the index "a", which is why corresponding description parts also apply analogously to this exemplary embodiment. The different or identical designs according to FIGS. 1 and 3 can also be provided together or several times on one tool. In this embodiment, the actuating device 14a lies in the region of the front end of the tool 1a and can advantageously be actuated manually with a handle in the form of an adjusting ring 38a instead of with an actuator arranged on the tool body 2a. The actuator 16a is extended forward over the associated end of the tool body 2a or its end section 27a and surrounded by the adjusting ring 38a, which engages via cams 56, for example two axially identical, radial pins in link guides 37a of the actuator 16a, which act as stepped slots are provided in the front end and in the manner of a stepped spiral have an axial slope. The adjusting ring 38a engages over the front end of the tool body 2a, which is correspondingly reduced in diameter, and is axially secured relative to the latter, but rotatable, which can be achieved, for example, by cams projecting radially inwards, which adjustably engage in an annular groove in the tool body 2a.

Damit der Stellring 38a in der jeweiligen Drehstellung gesichert ist, ist zweckmäßig eine Rasteinrichtung 57 vorgesehen, die im Bereich der hinteren Stirnfläche des Stellringes 38a und einer benachbart zu dieser liegenden Ringschulter des Werkzeugkörpers 2a liegen kann. Z.B. kann in einem äußeren Mantelteil des Stellringes 38a ein axial federbelastetes Rastglied beweglich angeordnet sein, dem in der Ringschulter ein Kranz eng nebeneinanderliegender Rastvertiefungen zugeordnet ist, so daß der Stellring 38a nach jedem Stellschritt von wenigen Winkelgraden wieder selbsttätig gesichert ist. Das Stellglied 16a ist außer über den Eingriff der Steuernocken 21a in die Durchtritte 23a noch dadurch gegen Verdrehen und/oder axial gesichert, daß wenigstens einer der Durchtritte 23a nach vorne verlängert ist und in die Verlängerung ein Radialstift im vorderen Ende des Werkzeugkörpers 2a eingreift. Drehbewegungen des Stellringes 38a führen zu entsprechenden axialen Stellbewegungen des Stellgliedes 16a und zur radialen Stellbewegung der Funktionsglieder 10a.So that the adjusting ring 38a is secured in the respective rotational position, a latching device 57 is expediently provided, which can lie in the region of the rear end face of the adjusting ring 38a and an annular shoulder of the tool body 2a lying adjacent to it. E.g. For example, an axially spring-loaded latching element can be arranged movably in an outer jacket part of the adjusting ring 38a, to which a ring in the ring shoulder is assigned closely spaced latching depressions, so that the adjusting ring 38a is automatically secured by a few angular degrees after each adjusting step. In addition to the engagement of the control cams 21a in the passages 23a, the actuator 16a is also secured against rotation and / or axially in that at least one of the passages 23a is extended to the front and a radial pin engages in the extension in the front end of the tool body 2a. Rotational movements of the adjusting ring 38a lead to corresponding axial adjusting movements of the adjusting element 16a and to the radial adjusting movement of the functional elements 10a.

Durch die beschriebene Ausbildung der Stelleinrichtung 14a kann das Werkzeug 1a nur mit einer Stelleinrichtung 40 für die Bearbeitungsglieder 7a betrieben werden. Das zugehörige Stellglied 15a ist in diesem Fall in Rückstellrichtung durch eine Rückstellfeder 26a belastet, welche einen am hinteren Ende des Steuerkörpers lösbar befestigten Schaft bzw. das Anschlußglied 17a umgibt, so daß die Stellstange 39 nicht formschlüssig mit dem Anschlußglied 17a bzw. einem nach hinten an dieses anschließenden Schubbolzen gekuppelt werden muß.Due to the described design of the adjusting device 14a, the tool 1a can only be operated with one adjusting device 40 for the machining elements 7a. The associated actuator 15a is in this case loaded in the return direction by a return spring 26a, which surrounds a shaft or the connecting member 17a releasably attached to the rear end of the control body, so that the actuating rod 39 does not form fit with the connecting member 17a or one to the rear must be coupled to this subsequent push pin.

Das Stellglied 16a kann aus einem durchgehend konstante Querschnitte aufweisenden Abschnitt eines Rohres hergestellt werden. An dessen Außenumfang werden dann nach Art von Ringnuten die Steuerkurven 20a mit entsprechend abgestuften Bodenflächen und schrägen Flanken für die Schrägflanke des jeweils zugehörigen Steuernockens 22a hergestellt. Außerdem werden die Durchtritte 23a hergestellt, die über die innere und/oder äußere Endflanke der jeweiligen Steuerkurve 20a zweckmäßig vorstehen, so daß die jeweilige Steuerkurve durch über den Umfang verteilte Kurvensegmente gebildet ist, von denen jeweils eines für die Steuerung eines Funktionsgliedes 10a vorgesehen ist. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind acht Funktionsglieder 10a und acht zwischen diesen liegende Bearbeitungsglieder 7a vorgesehen. Dabei bilden vorteilhaft sechs Funktionsglieder 10a, von denen jeweils zwei etwa in einer gemeinsamen Axialebene liegen, nur Führungsglieder ohne Meßdüsen, während nur zwei annähernd in einer gemeinsamen Axialebene liegende Funktionsglieder 10a als Meßglieder ausgebildet sind. Wenigstens der Bereich der Düsenöffnungen 28, 28a oder die gesamte Arbeitsfläche des jeweiligen Meßgliedes wird zweckmäßig stets so eingestellt, daß dieser Bereich gegenüber der Bearbeitungsfläche 44 mit einem geringen Spaltabstand berührungsfrei bleibt.The actuator 16a can be produced from a section of a tube which has constant cross sections. On its outer circumference, the control cams 20a are then produced in the manner of ring grooves with correspondingly stepped base surfaces and sloping flanks for the sloping flank of the respectively associated control cam 22a. In addition, the passages 23a are produced which expediently protrude beyond the inner and / or outer end flank of the respective control curve 20a, so that the respective control curve is formed by curve segments distributed over the circumference, one of which is provided for the control of a functional element 10a. In the exemplary embodiment shown, eight functional elements 10a and eight processing elements 7a lying between them are provided. Advantageously, six functional members 10a, of which two each lie approximately in a common axial plane, form only guide members without measuring nozzles, while only two functional members 10a lying approximately in a common axial plane are designed as measuring members. At least the area of the nozzle openings 28, 28a or the entire working surface of the respective measuring element is expediently always set such that this area remains contact-free with a small gap distance with respect to the processing surface 44.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung kann auch für die unter dem Warenzeichen "Precidor" der Anmelderin bekannten Honwerkzeuge nach der DE-PS 24 60 997 vorgesehen sein, auf die wegen weiterer Merkmale und Wirkungen Bezug genommen wird.The design according to the invention can also be provided for the honing tools known from the applicant under the trademark "Precidor" according to DE-PS 24 60 997, to which reference is made for further features and effects.

Claims (15)

  1. Measuring tool for honing or the like having a tool body (2, 2a) and at least one operating member to be moved along the machining surface (44) during the measurement and which encloses at least one measuring member (10, 10a) carried by the tool body (2, 2a) and adjustable transversely to the machining surface (44) and in which for modifying the measuring accuracy is provided a control mechanism (14, 14a), acting on the measuring member (10, 10a) and having at least one control member (16, 16a) performing a control movement, as well as in particular for forming a honing tool at least one operating member as the machining member (7, 7a), guide member, etc., characterized in that the control member (16, 16a) for the indirect adjustment of the measuring member (10, 10a) is mounted opposite to the tool body (2, 2a) for transferring its control movement to said tool body (2, 2a) and the measuring member (10, 10a) is guided on the control member (16, 16a).
  2. Measuring tool according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one operating member (10, 10a) is adjustably mounted at right angles to the machining surface (44) and is preferably guided in an opening, such as a slot, of a jacket (6, 6a) of the tool body (2, 2a) approximately radially to the tool axis and that preferably the machining member (10, 10a) forms with the machining surface (44) a measuring gap, whose size can be varied with the control mechanism (14, 14a).
  3. Measuring tool according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one operating member (10, 10a) is located substantially in the same length region of the tool body (2, 2a) as at least one machining member (7, 7a) and/or has approximately the same length, that in particular all the operating and machining members (10, 7 or 10a, 7a) are provided in the same length region of the tool body (2, 2a) and that preferably at least one control member (16, 16a) is arranged in axially displaceable manner and/or within the tool body (2, 2a).
  4. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control member (16, 16a) for at least one operating member (10, 10a) and a control member (15, 15a) for at least one machining member (7, 7a) are located at least partly in the same length region of the tool member (2, 2a) that in particular two control members (16, 16a) are located within one another and that preferably the control member (16, 16a) for the operating member (10, 10a) surrounds in sleeve-like manner the other control member (15, 15a) and has passages (23, 23a) for the machining members (7, 7a) and/or that a control member (16, 16a) for at least one operating member (10, 10a) has at least one control cam (20, 20a) and in particular two longitudinally succeeding control cams (20, 20a) for the operating member (10, 10a) and is preferably provided laterally adjacent to the control cam (20, 20a) with at least one slot-like passage (23, 23a) for a machining member (7, 7a).
  5. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one operating member (10, 10a) is adjustable by means of a stepping motor (38), a stepped control cam (20, 20a) or the like in stepwise manner, that in particular at least one operating member (10, 10a) is adjustable to different machining nominal dimensions and that preferably at least one operating member (10, 10a) engages with at least one control cam disk (22, 22a) on a control cam (20, 20a) and/or that at least one operating member (10, 10a) is spring loaded in a control direction, that in particular at least one operating member (10, 10a) is spring loaded with at least one circlip (24, 25 or 24a, 25a) and preferably the operating member (10, 10a) is loaded with a restoring spring, through which is spring loaded at least one machining member (7, 7a).
  6. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two roughly diametrically facing measuring and/or guide members are provided and that preferably an adjustable operating member (10, 10a) is provided between in each case two adjacent machining members (7, 7a).
  7. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one machining member (7, 7a) is adjustable to different machining nominal dimensions, particularly in stepless manner, with a stepping motor (41) or the like and that preferably all the operating members (10, 10a) are jointly adjustable.
  8. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one operating member (10, 10a) is adjustable with a control mechanism (14, 14a) located on the tool body (2, 2a) in manual manner and/or with a machine control mechanism (37) via a tool shank (3, 3a) and that preferably the manual control mechanism (14a) has a control ring (38a) mounted adjacent to the working area on the front end of the tool body (2a).
  9. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control member (16a) of the control mechanism (14a) for at least one operating member (10a) is positively forcibly controlled in opposite directions, that the control member (16a) is preferably connected by means of at least one control link (37a) with a rotary control ring (38a) and that preferably the rotary control ring (38a) is lockable in rotation steps by means of a locking mechanism (57).
  10. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one operating member (10, 10a) has a measuring jet (28, 28a) for a pressure medium, that in particular the operating member (10, 10a) has a medium connection (31, 31a) rigidly fixed thereto and that preferably the medium connection (31, 31a) engages in movable manner in a pocket (32, 32a) of the tool body (2, 2a).
  11. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by an adjusting device (50) is provided for at least one operating member (10, 10a) and preferably in the movement path of the measuring or honing tool (1, 1a) is provided at least one reference hole (52) or the like and that there are preferably several reference holes (52) for different machining nominal dimensions arranged in axially succeeding and/or juxtaposed manner, preferably on a magazine (53) and can in particular be transferred in the manner of a turret magazine into the movement path of the measuring or honing tool (1, 1a).
  12. Measuring tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that there is a device (48) for determining a measuring accuracy of the operating member (10, 10a) during machining and a control means (47) influenced by it for readjusting and/or recalibrating the operating member (10a) on dropping below a predetermined measurement precision and preferably the measuring or honing tool (1, 1a) is extended into a position provided for readjustment or recalibration from the machining surface (44) or is introduced into a reference bore (52).
  13. Method for measuring a machining surface (44) of a workpiece (43), particularly with a measuring member (10, 10a) of a measuring tool (1, 1a) which is substantially fixed with respect to a tool body (2, 2a) during the measuring process and during the movement of the measuring member (10, 10a) with respect to the machining surface (44) measurement is made of a signal derived from the spacing between said surface and a working surface of the measuring member (10, 10a), characterized in that at least one measuring member (10, 10a) is adjusted for modifying the measurement accuracy.
  14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that measurement takes place during machining, the measuring accuracy is determined and on dropping below a predetermined measuring accuracy the tool (1, 1a) is moved back from the machining surface (44) and into the vicinity of a reference surface (52) and the operating member is preferably infed to the reference surface (52) and then by means of the reference surface (52) a calibration of a measured value acquisition means (48) is performed and in particular the machining surface (44) is further or finish-machined.
  15. Method according to claims 13 or 14, characterized in that successive machining surfaces (44) with different nominal dimensions are measured and/or machined with the same tool (1, 1a) and that preferably in a machining interval between the machining of said successive machining surfaces (44) operating members (10, 10a) and/or machining members (7, 7a) are adjusted to the following nominal dimension and in particular measuring and/or guide members are adjusted by means of a reference surface (52) brought into their movement region and corresponding to the following machining surface (44).
EP91113085A 1990-08-04 1991-08-03 Honing-measuring tool Expired - Lifetime EP0470536B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4024778A DE4024778A1 (en) 1990-08-04 1990-08-04 HON MEASURING TOOL
DE4024778 1990-08-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0470536A1 EP0470536A1 (en) 1992-02-12
EP0470536B1 true EP0470536B1 (en) 1996-11-06

Family

ID=6411645

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91113085A Expired - Lifetime EP0470536B1 (en) 1990-08-04 1991-08-03 Honing-measuring tool

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Country Link
US (1) US5269103A (en)
EP (1) EP0470536B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4024778A1 (en)

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DE102008024811A1 (en) 2008-05-23 2009-11-26 Volkswagen Ag Device for testing cylinder drilling, has tactile sensor and optical sensors with device of image sensor, particularly charge-coupled device camera and scanner strip
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DE102010024921B4 (en) * 2010-06-17 2014-02-20 Nagel Maschinen- Und Werkzeugfabrik Gmbh Method and device for the measurement-assisted fine machining of internal bore surfaces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0470536A1 (en) 1992-02-12
DE4024778A1 (en) 1992-02-06
DE59108322D1 (en) 1996-12-12
US5269103A (en) 1993-12-14

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