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EP0320385A1 - Support for containers - Google Patents

Support for containers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0320385A1
EP0320385A1 EP88403115A EP88403115A EP0320385A1 EP 0320385 A1 EP0320385 A1 EP 0320385A1 EP 88403115 A EP88403115 A EP 88403115A EP 88403115 A EP88403115 A EP 88403115A EP 0320385 A1 EP0320385 A1 EP 0320385A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
perforations
axis
containers
rings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88403115A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0320385B1 (en
Inventor
François Melet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MELET SCHLOESING LABORATOIRES
Original Assignee
MELET SCHLOESING LABORATOIRES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by MELET SCHLOESING LABORATOIRES filed Critical MELET SCHLOESING LABORATOIRES
Publication of EP0320385A1 publication Critical patent/EP0320385A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0320385B1 publication Critical patent/EP0320385B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L9/00—Supporting devices; Holding devices
    • B01L9/06—Test-tube stands; Test-tube holders
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/11—Automated chemical analysis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for presenting containers each containing a sample of liquid to be analyzed.
  • each container containing a sample to be analyzed must be presented as quickly as possible to the analyzer.
  • This wheel the spokes of which consisted of test tubes with the plugs facing outwards, rotated so as to present each tube at a determined position, where a needle, driven in an alternating movement, carried out the sampling necessary for analysis.
  • Such a display in addition to its bulky nature, has the disadvantage of shaking the samples in an overly energetic manner, which risks destroying the blood cells by causing them to burst and thereby modifying the results of the analyzes, which may include precisely a blood count.
  • a display having the form of a rotary drum, at the periphery of which test tubes are arranged in a direction parallel to the vertical axis of revolution of the drum.
  • test tubes containing the samples to be analyzed not only promotes sedimentation but also does not cause any agitation of the liquids present in the tubes, which affects good homogenization of the sample which will be taken from each test tube and a good analysis.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
  • the device for presenting containers, each containing a sample of liquid to be analyzed by an automatic analyzer comprises a rotary cylindrical drum, forming a hub, integral with at least two circular rings, situated in planes perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the drum and arranged at each of the ends of the drum, each of these rings having the same number of perforations or recesses, distributed along their surface and intended to receive the containers containing the samples to be analyzed, said device being characterized in that the perforations or recesses of the two end rings are arranged so that the axis of each container is inclined at an acute angle less than 45 ° relative to the axis of the drum and in this the axis of rotation of the drum is kept horizontal when the containers are presented in the automatic analyzer.
  • the axis of the drum being horizontal and rotating by a certain angle so as to successively present each container provided with a hermetic closure cap.
  • a needle driven by an alternating movement, pierces the stopper to take the sample and then transfer all or part of the contents of the container necessary for the analysis, it can be seen that the liquid to be analyzed is subjected to a double agitation, due on the one hand, to the rotation of the drum and, on the other hand, to the inclination of the axis of each container.
  • the rotary cylindrical drum of the device according to the invention may optionally comprise one or more circular rings also located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the drum but at an intermediate level between the end rings and having the same number of perforations distributed along its surface and intended to receive the containers containing the samples by guiding them from one end to the other of the drum.
  • the receptacles containing the samples of liquid to be analyzed and arranged at the periphery of the drum in an inclined manner with respect to its axis, according to the invention, can rest on an additional circular crown of end which is neither perforated nor hollowed out and serves simply stop at the containers.
  • various means can be provided, in particular a friction retention element in the perforations or the recesses of a crown receiving the end of each container.
  • the angle of inclination between the lines connecting the centers of the perforations or recesses receiving a container and the axis of the drum is an acute angle less than 45 ° and preferably between 5 and 20 °.
  • the center of each perforation of the perforated end circular crown is aligned with the center of a perforation of the one or two intermediate rings perforated according to a generatrix of a cone having the same axis as that of the cylindrical drum so as to tilt the containers relative to this axis.
  • the external diameters of the circular rings integral with the drum then decrease from one end to the other of the drum.
  • the half-angle at the top of the cone of revolution, the generatrix of which passes through the centers of the perforations in the circular crowns, and which defines the inclination of the vessels relative to the axis of the drum is an acute angle less than 45 ° and preferably between 5 and 20 °.
  • the centers of the perforations or recesses of the end circular rings and those of the intermediate circular ring or rings are all located on the surface of a cylinder of revolution of the same axis and larger in diameter than those of the drum.
  • the centers of the perforations of the circular perforated end ring are not located on the same generatrices of this cylinder of revolution as the centers of the perforations of one or more intermediate rings, so as to present the containers inclined with respect to these generators.
  • the angle formed between the axis of the drum and the alignment of the center of a perforation of a perforated end ring with the center of the perforation of one or more perforated intermediate rings or rings closest to the generatrix of said cylinder of revolution passing through the first center, said angle defining the inclination of the containers relative to the axis of the drum, is an acute angle less than 45 ° and is preferably between 5 and 20 °.
  • the presentation device 10 as shown in any one of the attached figures, comprises a cylindrical drum 11 in the form of a central hub with axis 12.
  • This drum is integral with two circular end rings, one of which 13 is provided with perforations and the other 14 is not.
  • the drum 11 is also integral with at least one intermediate circular ring 15, located near the non-perforated end ring 14 and preferably a second intermediate circular ring 16 located near the perforated end ring.
  • Each of the intermediate circular rings 15 and 16 is provided with perforations 17 identical, in number and in size, to the perforations provided in the end crown 13.
  • These perforations 17 have a diameter sufficient to give passage to a container 18 containing the sample of liquid to be analyzed, which is generally a test tube and the perforations 17 are aligned from one crown to the other so that the assembly of these containers is placed around the drum 11.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show only the location of four containers 18 for clarity of illustration, it is obvious that, in practice, the presentation device may include a notably higher number of containers which can range up to about a hundred.
  • the centers of the perforations 17 of the perforated end ring 13 are aligned with the centers of the perforations 17 of the two intermediate rings 15 and 16 along a generatrix of a cone 19 having the same axis as the drum 11.
  • the external diameters of the different crowns can then be reduced accordingly, decreasing from that of the non-perforated end crown 14 to that of the perforated end crown 13, which facilitates reading and access to the various containers 18 containing the samples to be analyzed.
  • the half-angle at the top of the cone 19 formed by these generatrices is preferably between 5 to 15 ° approximately.
  • the generatrices of the cylinder 20 having the same axis as the drum 11 and passing through the centers 21 of the perforations 17 of the perforated end ring 13 do not coincide with the generatrices of this same cylinder 20 passing through the centers 22 of the perforations 17 of the intermediate crowns 15 and 16.
  • This angle which corresponds to the inclination of the containers 18 with respect to the axis of the drum, is preferably between 5 and 20 ° approximately.
  • the axis 12 of the drum 11 is not vertical as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but horizontal and the device rotates around this axis to present each of the containers 18 to the needle of the system responsible for taking the sample to be analyzed by puncturing the stopper closing the containers 18.
  • the containers 18 rotate around the axis 11 by 360 °, which causes the sample to be analyzed to be agitated.
  • each container 18 does not only move the liquid to be analyzed inside each container 18 as a result of the rotation of the drum around a horizontal axis, but, as the figures show, each container 18, as a result of its inclination relative to the axis 11 of the drum, passes successively from a downward inclined position where the liquid to be analyzed is in contact with the stopper closing the container 18 at a diametrically opposite position and inclined upward where it is less.
  • the device according to the invention is therefore particularly advantageous for analyzes of blood samples with a blood count.
  • a retention element in particular friction, which can in particular take the form of a ring 23, preferably arranged in the perforations 17 of the intermediate crown 15 closest to the non-perforated end crown 14.
  • FIG. 3 A simplified embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 3 where the presentation device comprises only two circular rings 13 and 14 arranged at each end of a cylindrical drum 11.
  • the ring 13 is perforated as in Figure 1 but comprises in each of its perforations 17 a friction retention element 23 for retaining the containers 18.
  • the end ring 14 has as many recesses 24 intended to serve as housing at the ends of the containers 18 containing the samples to be analyzed that the crown 13 has perforations 17.
  • the centers of the recesses 24 of the crown 14 and the centers of the perforations 17 of the crown 15 are located on the surface of a cylinder 20 having the same axis as the drum 11 and a larger diameter corresponding to the spacing of these centers from the axis 13 of the drum, but these centers are offset so that the containers 18 are inclined relative to the axis of the drum at an acute angle, in particular between 5 and 20 °.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)

Abstract

Device for introducing receptacles (18) containing samples of liquid with a view to their transfer into an automatic analyser. <??>This device (10) comprises a cylindrical drum (11) forming a hub integrally attached to at least two circular crown rings (13 and 14) which are perforated or hollowed out to receive the receptacles (18) while tilting them relative to the axis of the drum (11) which is kept horizontal during the introduction of the samples with a view to their transfer into the analyser. <??>Such a device of low bulk permits an ideal agitation as a result of the rotation and of the tilting of the samples in the course of their introduction. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de présentation de récipients contenant chacun un échantillon de liquide à analyser.The present invention relates to a device for presenting containers each containing a sample of liquid to be analyzed.

Dans de nombreuses industries, en particulier en chimie, en pharmacie et dans les laboratoires d'analyse médicale, il est nécessaire d'effectuer la même analyse sur un très grand nombre d'échantillons.In many industries, particularly in chemistry, pharmacy and in medical analysis laboratories, it is necessary to perform the same analysis on a very large number of samples.

Ces analyses sont effectuées par un appareil automatique dans lequel on introduit successivement les différents échantillons à analyser.These analyzes are carried out by an automatic device into which the different samples to be analyzed are successively introduced.

Pour ne pas retarder la vitesse de ces appareils automatiques, chaque récipient contenant un échantillon à analyser doit être présenté le plus rapidement possible à l'analyseur.In order not to delay the speed of these automatic devices, each container containing a sample to be analyzed must be presented as quickly as possible to the analyzer.

C'est ainsi que pour effectuer l'analyse hématologique d'échantillons sanguins contenus dans des tubes à essais, le prélèvement automatique à l'aide d'une aiguille perforant le bouchon fermant hermétiquement les tubes, s'opérait jusqu'à présent à partir d'un présentoir ayant la forme d'une roue.Thus, to carry out the hematological analysis of blood samples contained in test tubes, automatic sampling using a needle perforating the stopper hermetically closing the tubes, has hitherto been carried out from a display in the shape of a wheel.

Cette roue, dont les rayons étaient constitués par les tubes à essais avec les bouchons dirigés vers l'extérieur, tournait de façon à présenter chaque tube à une position déterminée, où une aiguille, animée d'un mouvement alternatif, effectuait le prélèvement nécessaire à l'analyse.This wheel, the spokes of which consisted of test tubes with the plugs facing outwards, rotated so as to present each tube at a determined position, where a needle, driven in an alternating movement, carried out the sampling necessary for analysis.

Un tel présentoir, outre son caractère encombrant, présente l'inconvénient de secouer les échantillons d'une manière trop énergique, qui risque de détruire les cellules sanguines en les faisant éclater et par là de modifier les résultats des analyses, qui peuvent comporter précisément une numération globulaire.Such a display, in addition to its bulky nature, has the disadvantage of shaking the samples in an overly energetic manner, which risks destroying the blood cells by causing them to burst and thereby modifying the results of the analyzes, which may include precisely a blood count.

On connaît également notamment du brevet US-A-3.115.966 un présentoir ayant la forme d'un tambour rotatif, à la périphérie duquel sont disposés des tubes à essais dans une direction parallèle à l'axe de révolution vertical du tambour.Also known in particular from US-A-3,115,966 is a display having the form of a rotary drum, at the periphery of which test tubes are arranged in a direction parallel to the vertical axis of revolution of the drum.

Un tel dispositif est nettement moins encombrant que le précédent mais la disposition verticale du tambour et par conséquent des tubes à essais contenant les échantillons à analyser non seulement favorise la sédimentation mais également ne provoque aucune agitation des liquides présents dans les tubes, ce qui nuit à une bonne homogénéisation de l'échantillon qui va être prélevé dans chaque tube à essai et à une bonne analyse.Such a device is significantly less bulky than the previous one but the vertical arrangement of the drum and therefore test tubes containing the samples to be analyzed not only promotes sedimentation but also does not cause any agitation of the liquids present in the tubes, which affects good homogenization of the sample which will be taken from each test tube and a good analysis.

La présente invention a pour objet de surmonter ces inconvénients.The object of the present invention is to overcome these drawbacks.

Le dispositif de présentation de récipients contenant chacun un échantillon de liquide à analyser par un analyseur automatique, selon l'invention, comprend un tambour cylindrique rotatif, formant moyeu, solidaire d'au moins deux couronnes circulaires, situées dans des plans perpendiculaires à l'axe de révolution du tambour et disposées à chacune des extrémités du tambour, chacune de ces couronnes présentant le même nombre de perforations ou d'évidements, répartis tout au long de leur surface et destinés à recevoir les récipients contenant les échantillons à analyser, ledit dispositif étant caractérisé en ce que les perforations ou évidements des deux couronnes d'extrémité sont disposées de manière à ce que l'axe de chaque récipient soit incliné d'un angle aigu inférieur à 45° par rapport à l'axe du tambour et en ce que l'axe de rotation du tambour est maintenu horizontal lors de la présentation des récipients dans l'analyseur automatique.The device for presenting containers, each containing a sample of liquid to be analyzed by an automatic analyzer, according to the invention, comprises a rotary cylindrical drum, forming a hub, integral with at least two circular rings, situated in planes perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the drum and arranged at each of the ends of the drum, each of these rings having the same number of perforations or recesses, distributed along their surface and intended to receive the containers containing the samples to be analyzed, said device being characterized in that the perforations or recesses of the two end rings are arranged so that the axis of each container is inclined at an acute angle less than 45 ° relative to the axis of the drum and in this the axis of rotation of the drum is kept horizontal when the containers are presented in the automatic analyzer.

Lorsqu'un tel dispositif de présentation est utilisé dans ou en association avec un appareil d'analyse automatique, l'axe du tambour étant horizontal et tournant d'un certain angle de façon à présenter successivement chaque récipient muni d'un bouchon de fermeture hermétique dans une même position où une aiguille, animée d'un mouvement alternatif, perce le bouchon pour effectuer le prélèvement puis le transfert de tout ou partie du contenu du récipient nécessaire à l'analyse, on constate que le liquide à analyser est soumis à une double agitation, due d'une part, à la rotation du tambour et, d'autre part, à l'inclinaison de l'axe de chaque récipient.When such a presentation device is used in or in association with an automatic analysis apparatus, the axis of the drum being horizontal and rotating by a certain angle so as to successively present each container provided with a hermetic closure cap. in the same position where a needle, driven by an alternating movement, pierces the stopper to take the sample and then transfer all or part of the contents of the container necessary for the analysis, it can be seen that the liquid to be analyzed is subjected to a double agitation, due on the one hand, to the rotation of the drum and, on the other hand, to the inclination of the axis of each container.

Cette double agitation, par rotation et basculement du récipient, favorise l'homogénéisation de l'échantillon à analyser sans nuire à sa fragilité, ce qui est particulièrement important dans le cas d'échantillons de sang.This double agitation, by rotation and tilting of the container, promotes the homogenization of the sample to be analyzed without harming its fragility, which is particularly important in the case of blood samples.

Le tambour cylindrique rotatif du dispositif selon l'invention peut comprendre éventuellement une ou plusieurs couronnes circulaires situées également dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de révolution du tambour mais à un niveau intermédiaire entre les couronnes d'extrémité et présentant le même nombre de perforations réparties tout au long de sa surface et destinées à recevoir les récipients contenant les échantillons en les guidant d'une extrémité à l'autre du tambour.The rotary cylindrical drum of the device according to the invention may optionally comprise one or more circular rings also located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of revolution of the drum but at an intermediate level between the end rings and having the same number of perforations distributed along its surface and intended to receive the containers containing the samples by guiding them from one end to the other of the drum.

Les récipients contenant les échantillons de liquide à analyser et disposés à la périphérie du tambour de façon inclinée par rapport à son axe, selon l'invention, peuvent reposer sur une couronne circulaire d'extrémité supplémentaire qui n'est ni perforée ni évidée et sert simplement de butée aux récipients.The receptacles containing the samples of liquid to be analyzed and arranged at the periphery of the drum in an inclined manner with respect to its axis, according to the invention, can rest on an additional circular crown of end which is neither perforated nor hollowed out and serves simply stop at the containers.

Pour maintenir les récipients inclinés selon l'invention, on peut prévoir différents moyens, notamment un élément de rétention par friction dans les perforations ou les évidements d'une couronne recevant l'extrémié de chaque récipient.To keep the containers inclined according to the invention, various means can be provided, in particular a friction retention element in the perforations or the recesses of a crown receiving the end of each container.

L'angle d'inclinaison entre les lignes reliant les centres des perforations ou évidements recevant un récipient et l'axe du tambour est un angle aigu inférieur à 45° et de préférence compris entre 5 et 20°.The angle of inclination between the lines connecting the centers of the perforations or recesses receiving a container and the axis of the drum is an acute angle less than 45 ° and preferably between 5 and 20 °.

Selon une première variante de réalisation de l'invention, le centre de chaque perforation de la couronne circulaire d'extrémité perforée est alignée avec le centre d'une perforation de la ou des deux couronnes intermédiaires perforées selon une génératrice d'un cône ayant même axe que celui du tambour cylindrique de façon à incliner les récipients par rapport à cet axe.According to a first alternative embodiment of the invention, the center of each perforation of the perforated end circular crown is aligned with the center of a perforation of the one or two intermediate rings perforated according to a generatrix of a cone having the same axis as that of the cylindrical drum so as to tilt the containers relative to this axis.

Les diamètres externes des couronnes circulaires solidaires du tambour vont alors en décroissant d'une extrémité à l'autre du tambour.The external diameters of the circular rings integral with the drum then decrease from one end to the other of the drum.

Le demi-angle au sommet du cône de révolution dont la génératrice passe par les centres des perforations des couronnes circulaires, et qui définit l'inclinaison des récipients par rapport à l'axe du tambour est un angle aigu inférieur à 45° et de préférence compris entre 5 et 20°.The half-angle at the top of the cone of revolution, the generatrix of which passes through the centers of the perforations in the circular crowns, and which defines the inclination of the vessels relative to the axis of the drum is an acute angle less than 45 ° and preferably between 5 and 20 °.

Selon une deuxième variante de réalisation de l'invention, les centres des perforations ou des évidements des couronnes circulaire d'extrémité et ceux de la ou des couronnes circulaires intermédiaires perforées sont tous situés à la surface d'un cylindre de révolution de même axe et de plus grand diamètre que ceux du tambour.According to a second alternative embodiment of the invention, the centers of the perforations or recesses of the end circular rings and those of the intermediate circular ring or rings are all located on the surface of a cylinder of revolution of the same axis and larger in diameter than those of the drum.

Les centres des perforations de la couronne circulaire d'extrémité perforée ne sont pas situés sur les mêmes génératrices de ce cylindre de révolution que les centres des perforations de l'une ou des couronnes intermédiaires, de façon à présenter les récipients inclinés par rapport à ces génératrices.The centers of the perforations of the circular perforated end ring are not located on the same generatrices of this cylinder of revolution as the centers of the perforations of one or more intermediate rings, so as to present the containers inclined with respect to these generators.

L'angle formé entre l'axe du tambour et l'alignement du centre d'une perforation d'une couronne d'extrémité perforée avec le centre de la perforation d'une ou des couronnes intermédiaires perforées la plus proche de la génératrice dudit cylindre de révolution passant par le premier centre, ledit angle définissant l'inclinaison des récipients par rapport à l'axe du tambour, est un angle aigu inférieur à 45° et est de préférence compris entre 5 et 20°.The angle formed between the axis of the drum and the alignment of the center of a perforation of a perforated end ring with the center of the perforation of one or more perforated intermediate rings or rings closest to the generatrix of said cylinder of revolution passing through the first center, said angle defining the inclination of the containers relative to the axis of the drum, is an acute angle less than 45 ° and is preferably between 5 and 20 °.

L'invention va maintenant être illustrée à l'aide des dessins ci-joints dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'une première variante du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • - la figure 2 représente une vue en perspective d'une deuxième variante du dispositif selon l'invention, et
  • - la figure 3 représente une vue en perspective d'une troisième variante simplifiée du dispositif selon l'invention.
The invention will now be illustrated with the aid of the attached drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a first variant of the device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of a second variant of the device according to the invention, and
  • - Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a third simplified variant of the device according to the invention.

Le dispositif de présentation 10 selon l'invention, tel qu'il est représenté sur l'une quelconque des figures ci-jointes comporte un tambour cylindrique 11 en forme de moyeu central d'axe 12.The presentation device 10 according to the invention, as shown in any one of the attached figures, comprises a cylindrical drum 11 in the form of a central hub with axis 12.

Ce tambour est solidaire de deux couronnes circulaires d'extrémité dont l'une 13 est munie de perforations et l'autre 14 ne l'est pas.This drum is integral with two circular end rings, one of which 13 is provided with perforations and the other 14 is not.

Le tambour 11 est également solidaire d'au moins une couronne circulaire intermédiaire 15, située à proximité de la couronne d'extrémité non perforée 14 et de préférence d'une seconde couronne circulaire intermédiaire 16 située à proximité de la couronne d'extrémité perforée.The drum 11 is also integral with at least one intermediate circular ring 15, located near the non-perforated end ring 14 and preferably a second intermediate circular ring 16 located near the perforated end ring.

Chacune des couronnes circulaires intermédiaires 15 et 16 est munie de perforations 17 identiques, en nombre et en dimensions, aux perforations prévues dans la couronne d'extrémité 13.Each of the intermediate circular rings 15 and 16 is provided with perforations 17 identical, in number and in size, to the perforations provided in the end crown 13.

Ces perforations 17 ont un diamètre suffisant pour donner passage à un récipient 18 contenant l'échantillon de liquide à analyser, qui est en général un tube à essais et les perforations 17 sont alignées d'une couronne à l'autre pour que l'ensemble de ces récipients soit disposé autour du tambour 11.These perforations 17 have a diameter sufficient to give passage to a container 18 containing the sample of liquid to be analyzed, which is generally a test tube and the perforations 17 are aligned from one crown to the other so that the assembly of these containers is placed around the drum 11.

Bien que les figures 1 à 3 ne montrent que l'emplacement de quatre récipients 18 pour la clarté de l'illustration, il est bien évident que, dans la pratique, le dispositif de présentation pourra comprendre un nombre notamment plus élevé de récipients pouvant aller jusqu'à une centaine environ.Although Figures 1 to 3 show only the location of four containers 18 for clarity of illustration, it is obvious that, in practice, the presentation device may include a notably higher number of containers which can range up to about a hundred.

Une telle répartition des récipients 18 à la périphérie du tambour 11 et non pas selon les rayons d'une roue, permet de réduire substantiellement l'encombrement du dispositif.Such a distribution of the containers 18 at the periphery of the drum 11 and not along the spokes of a wheel, makes it possible to substantially reduce the size of the device.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, les centres des perforations 17 de la couronne d'extrémité perforée 13 sont alignés avec les centres des perforations 17 des deux couronnes intermédiaires 15 et 16 selon une génératrice d'une cône 19 ayant même axe que le tambour 11.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the centers of the perforations 17 of the perforated end ring 13 are aligned with the centers of the perforations 17 of the two intermediate rings 15 and 16 along a generatrix of a cone 19 having the same axis as the drum 11.

On peut alors réduire en conséquence les diamètres externes des différentes couronnes qui vont en décroissant depuis celui de la couronne d'extrémité, non perforée 14, jusqu'à celui de la couronne d'extrémité perforée 13, ce qui facilite la lecture et l'accès aux différents récipients 18 contenant les échantillons à analyser.The external diameters of the different crowns can then be reduced accordingly, decreasing from that of the non-perforated end crown 14 to that of the perforated end crown 13, which facilitates reading and access to the various containers 18 containing the samples to be analyzed.

Le demi-angle au sommet du cône 19 formé par ces génératrices est de préférence compris entre 5 à 15° environ.The half-angle at the top of the cone 19 formed by these generatrices is preferably between 5 to 15 ° approximately.

Selon le mode de réalisation représentée sur la figure 2, et qui représente une mise en oeuvre préférée de l'invention, les génératrices du cylindre 20 ayant même axe que le tambour 11 et passant par les centres 21 des perforations 17 de la couronne d'extrémité perforée 13 ne coïncident pas avec les génératrices de ce même cylindre 20 passant par les centres 22 des perforations 17 des couronnes intermédiaires 15 et 16.According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and which represents a preferred implementation of the invention, the generatrices of the cylinder 20 having the same axis as the drum 11 and passing through the centers 21 of the perforations 17 of the perforated end ring 13 do not coincide with the generatrices of this same cylinder 20 passing through the centers 22 of the perforations 17 of the intermediate crowns 15 and 16.

Par suite de ce décalage entre les centres des perforations des différentes couronnes, il y a un certain angle entre l'axe 12 du tambour 11 et l'alignement du centre 21 d'une perforation de la couronne d'extrémité perforée 13 avec le centre 22 de la perforation de la couronne intermédiaire 17 la plus proche de la génératrice du cylindre 20.As a result of this offset between the centers of the perforations of the different crowns, there is a certain angle between the axis 12 of the drum 11 and the alignment of the center 21 of a perforation of the perforated end crown 13 with the center 22 of the perforation of the intermediate ring 17 closest to the generator of the cylinder 20.

Cet angle, qui correspond à l'inclinaison des récipients 18 par rapport à l'axe du tambour, est de préférence compris entre 5 et 20° environ.This angle, which corresponds to the inclination of the containers 18 with respect to the axis of the drum, is preferably between 5 and 20 ° approximately.

Lors de l'utilisation du dispositif selon l'invention dans ou avec un analyseur automatique, l'axe 12 du tambour 11 est, non pas vertical comme représenté sur les figures 1 à 3, mais horizontal et le dispositif tourne autour de cet axe pour présenter chacun des récipients 18 à l'aiguille du système chargé de réaliser le prélèvement d'échantillon à analyser par perforation du bouchon obturant les récipients 18.When using the device according to the invention in or with an automatic analyzer, the axis 12 of the drum 11 is not vertical as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but horizontal and the device rotates around this axis to present each of the containers 18 to the needle of the system responsible for taking the sample to be analyzed by puncturing the stopper closing the containers 18.

Au cours de cette opération, les récipients 18 effectuent autour de l'axe 11 une rotation de 360°, qui provoque une agitation de l'échantillon à analyser.During this operation, the containers 18 rotate around the axis 11 by 360 °, which causes the sample to be analyzed to be agitated.

Il convient de remarquer que cette rotation ne fait pas que déplacer le liquide à analyser à l'intérieur de chaque récipient 18 par suite de la rotation du tambour autour d'un axe horizontal, mais, comme le montrent les figures, chaque récipient 18, par suite de son inclinaison par rapport à l'axe 11 du tambour, passe successivement d'une position inclinée vers le bas où le liquide à analyser est en contact avec le bouchon obturant le récipient 18 à une position diamètralement opposée et inclinée vers le haut où il l'est moins.It should be noted that this rotation does not only move the liquid to be analyzed inside each container 18 as a result of the rotation of the drum around a horizontal axis, but, as the figures show, each container 18, as a result of its inclination relative to the axis 11 of the drum, passes successively from a downward inclined position where the liquid to be analyzed is in contact with the stopper closing the container 18 at a diametrically opposite position and inclined upward where it is less.

Un tel mouvement de bascule de l'échantillon avant analyse, volontairement limité compte-tenu du faible angle d'inclinaison du récipient par rapport à l'axe 12 du dispositif, contribue à une bonne homogénéisation du produit à analyser sans nuire à sa constitution et en particulier sans provoquer d'éclatement des globules en cas d'analyse sanguine.Such a rocking movement of the sample before analysis, deliberately limited given the small angle of inclination of the container relative to the axis 12 of the device, contributes to a good homogenization of the product to be analyzed without harming its constitution and in particular without causing bursting of the globules in the event of blood analysis.

Le dispositif selon l'invention est donc particulièrement intéressant pour les analyses d'échantillons sanguins avec numération globulaire.The device according to the invention is therefore particularly advantageous for analyzes of blood samples with a blood count.

Pour éviter qu'au cours de cette rotation du dispositif de présentation des récipients selon l'invention, il y ait une chute de l'un ou l'autre de ces récipients, il est prévu un élément de rétention notamment à friction, qui peut notamment prendre la forme d'un anneau 23, disposé de préférence dans les perforations 17 de la couronne intermédiaire 15 la plus proche de la couronne d'extrémité non perforée 14.To avoid that during this rotation of the container presentation device according to the invention, there is a fall of one or other of these containers, there is provided a retention element, in particular friction, which can in particular take the form of a ring 23, preferably arranged in the perforations 17 of the intermediate crown 15 closest to the non-perforated end crown 14.

Une réalisation simplifiée de l'invention est représentée sur la figure 3 où le dispositif de présentation ne comporte que deux couronnes circulaires 13 et 14 disposées à chacune des extrémités d'un tambour cylindrique 11. La couronne 13 est perforée comme dans la figure 1 mais comporte dans chacune de ses perforations 17 un élément de rétention par friction 23 pour retenir les récipients 18. Et pour pallier l'absence de toute couronne intermédiaire perforée dans ce mode de réalisation, la couronne d'extrémité 14 comporte autant d'évidements 24 destinés à servir de logement aux extrémités des récipients 18 contenant les échantillons à analyser que la couronne 13 comporte des perforations 17. Les centres des évidements 24 de la couronne 14 et les centres des perforations 17 de la couronne 15 sont situés à la surface d'un cylindre 20 ayant même axe que le tambour 11 et un diamètre plus grand correspondant à l'écartement de ces centres de l'axe 13 du tambour, mais ces centres sont décalés de manière que les récipients 18 soient inclinés par rapport à l'axe du tambour d'un angle aigu, compris notamment entre 5 et 20°.A simplified embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 3 where the presentation device comprises only two circular rings 13 and 14 arranged at each end of a cylindrical drum 11. The ring 13 is perforated as in Figure 1 but comprises in each of its perforations 17 a friction retention element 23 for retaining the containers 18. And to compensate for the absence of any intermediate perforated ring in this embodiment, the end ring 14 has as many recesses 24 intended to serve as housing at the ends of the containers 18 containing the samples to be analyzed that the crown 13 has perforations 17. The centers of the recesses 24 of the crown 14 and the centers of the perforations 17 of the crown 15 are located on the surface of a cylinder 20 having the same axis as the drum 11 and a larger diameter corresponding to the spacing of these centers from the axis 13 of the drum, but these centers are offset so that the containers 18 are inclined relative to the axis of the drum at an acute angle, in particular between 5 and 20 °.

Claims (10)

1. Dispositif de présentation (10) de récipients (18) et notamment de tubes à essais contenant chacun un échantillon de liquide à analyser, ledit dispositif comprenant un tambour cylindrique rotatif (11) formant moyeu solidaire d'au moins deux couronnes circulaires (13 et 14 ou 13 et 15) disposées à chacune des extrémités du tambour, chacune des couronnes présentant le même nombre de perforations (17) ou évidements (24) réparties tout au long de leur surface et destinées à recevoir les récipients (18) contenant les échantillons, dispositif caractérisé en ce que les perforations (17) ou évidements (24) des deux couronnes d'extrémité (13 et 14 ou 13 et 15) sont disposées de manière à ce que l'axe de chaque récipient (18) soit incliné d'un angle aigu inférieur à 45° par rapport à l'axe (12) du tambour (11) et en ce que l'axe de rotation (12) du tambour (11) est maintenu horizontal lors de la présentation des récipients en vue du transfert après homogénéisation de tout ou partie de leur contenu dans l'analyseur automatique.1. Device for presenting (10) containers (18) and in particular test tubes each containing a sample of liquid to be analyzed, said device comprising a rotary cylindrical drum (11) forming a hub integral with at least two circular rings (13 and 14 or 13 and 15) arranged at each end of the drum, each of the rings having the same number of perforations (17) or recesses (24) distributed throughout their surface and intended to receive the containers (18) containing the samples, device characterized in that the perforations (17) or recesses (24) of the two end rings (13 and 14 or 13 and 15) are arranged so that the axis of each container (18) is inclined at an acute angle less than 45 ° relative to the axis (12) of the drum (11) and in that the axis of rotation (12) of the drum (11) is kept horizontal during the presentation of the containers in view of the transfer after homogenization of all or part of their co contained in the automatic analyzer. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tambour cylindrique (11) comporte une autre couronne circulaire intermédiaire (16) présentant les mêmes perforations (17) que la couronne d'extrémité perforée (13) pour guider le positionnement de chaque récipient (18) dans le dispositif.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical drum (11) comprises another intermediate circular ring (16) having the same perforations (17) as the perforated end ring (13) to guide the positioning of each container (18) in the device. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le centre d'une perforation (17) de la couronne circulaire d'extrémité perforée (13) est aligné avec le centre d'une perforation (17) de la (15) ou des deux couronnes intermédiaires perforées (15 et 16) selon la génératrice d'un cône (19) ayant même axe (12) que le tambour cylindrique (11) de façon à présenter les récipients (18) inclinés le long des génératrices d'un tel cône.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the center of a perforation (17) of the circular perforated end ring (13) is aligned with the center of a perforation (17) of the (15 ) or two perforated intermediate rings (15 and 16) along the generatrix of a cone (19) having the same axis (12) as the cylindrical drum (11) so as to present the receptacles (18) inclined along the generatrix d 'such a cone. 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les diamètres externes des couronnes circulaires solidaires du tambour vont en décroissant d'une extrémité à l'autre du tambour.4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the external diameters of the circular rings integral with the drum decrease from one end to the other of the drum. 5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que le demi-angle au sommet du cône (19) dont la génératrice passe par les centres des perforations (17) des couronnes circulaires et qui définit l'inclinaison des récipients (18) par rapport à l'axe du tambour est un angle aigu inférieur à 45° et est de préférence compris entre 5 et 20°.5. Device according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the half-angle at the top of the cone (19) whose generatrix passes through the centers of the perforations (17) of the crowns circular and which defines the inclination of the containers (18) relative to the axis of the drum is an acute angle less than 45 ° and is preferably between 5 and 20 °. 6. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les centres (21, 22) des perforations (17) des différentes couronnes circulaires d'extrémité (13) ou intermédiaire perforées (15 et 16) sont situés à la surface d'un cylindre (20) de même axe (12) et de plus grand diamètre que ceux du tambour (11).6. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the centers (21, 22) of the perforations (17) of the various circular end rings (13) or intermediate perforated (15 and 16) are located on the surface d 'a cylinder (20) of the same axis (12) and of larger diameter than those of the drum (11). 7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que les centres (21) des perforations (17) de la couronne d'extrémité perforée (13) ne sont pas situés sur les mêmes génératrices que les centre (22) des perforations (17) de l'une ou des deux couronnes intermédiaires (15 et 16).7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the centers (21) of the perforations (17) of the perforated end ring (13) are not located on the same generatrices as the centers (22) of the perforations (17 ) one or two intermediate rings (15 and 16). 8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'angle formé entre l'axe (12) du tambour (11) et l'alignement du centre (21) d'une perforation (17) de la couronne d'extrémité perforée (13) avec le centre (22) de la perforation (17) d'une (15) ou des deux couronnes intermédiaires perforées (15 et 16) le plus proche de la génératrice passant par le premier centre, ledit angle définissant l'inclinaison des récipients (18) par rapport à l'axe (12) du tambour (11), est un angle aigu inférieur à 45° et est de préférence compris entre 5 et 20°.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the angle formed between the axis (12) of the drum (11) and the alignment of the center (21) of a perforation (17) of the end crown perforated (13) with the center (22) of the perforation (17) of one (15) or two intermediate perforated rings (15 and 16) closest to the generator passing through the first center, said angle defining the inclination of the containers (18) relative to the axis (12) of the drum (11), is an acute angle less than 45 ° and is preferably between 5 and 20 °. 9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par un élément de rétention des récipients dans les perforations d'une couronne circulaire, notamment un élément de rétention à friction (21), disposé de préférence dans les perforations (17) d'une couronne circulaire intermédiaire (15).9. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a container retention element in the perforations of a circular crown, in particular a friction retention element (21), preferably arranged in the perforations (17) d 'an intermediate circular crown (15). 10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la couronne circulaire (14) comportant autant d'évidements (24) que la couronne circulaire (13) comporte de perforations (17) pour servir de logement aux extrémités des récipients (18) et permettre l'alignement de ces récipients (18) selon un angle aigu inférieur à 45° par rapport à l'axe du tambour (11).10. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the circular crown (14) comprising as many recesses (24) as the circular crown (13) comprises perforations (17) to serve as housing at the ends of the containers (18) and allow the alignment of these containers (18) at an acute angle less than 45 ° relative to the axis of the drum (11).
EP88403115A 1987-12-11 1988-12-08 Support for containers Expired - Lifetime EP0320385B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8717297A FR2624615B1 (en) 1987-12-11 1987-12-11 DEVICE FOR PRESENTING CONTAINERS
FR8717297 1987-12-11

Publications (2)

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EP0320385A1 true EP0320385A1 (en) 1989-06-14
EP0320385B1 EP0320385B1 (en) 1994-06-22

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EP88403115A Expired - Lifetime EP0320385B1 (en) 1987-12-11 1988-12-08 Support for containers

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US (1) US5047210A (en)
EP (1) EP0320385B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01288769A (en)
AT (1) ATE107541T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1306218C (en)
DE (1) DE3850368T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2624615B1 (en)

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Also Published As

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US5047210A (en) 1991-09-10
ATE107541T1 (en) 1994-07-15
JPH01288769A (en) 1989-11-21
DE3850368T2 (en) 1994-10-20
FR2624615A1 (en) 1989-06-16
EP0320385B1 (en) 1994-06-22
CA1306218C (en) 1992-08-11
DE3850368D1 (en) 1994-07-28
FR2624615B1 (en) 1990-08-03

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