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EP0396908A2 - Grate bar and rotary grate - Google Patents

Grate bar and rotary grate Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0396908A2
EP0396908A2 EP90106560A EP90106560A EP0396908A2 EP 0396908 A2 EP0396908 A2 EP 0396908A2 EP 90106560 A EP90106560 A EP 90106560A EP 90106560 A EP90106560 A EP 90106560A EP 0396908 A2 EP0396908 A2 EP 0396908A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
bar
cross
roller
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90106560A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0396908A3 (en
EP0396908B1 (en
Inventor
Anton Esser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE8905823U external-priority patent/DE8905823U1/en
Priority claimed from DE8905822U external-priority patent/DE8905822U1/en
Application filed by Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
Publication of EP0396908A2 publication Critical patent/EP0396908A2/en
Publication of EP0396908A3 publication Critical patent/EP0396908A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0396908B1 publication Critical patent/EP0396908B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H9/00—Revolving-grates; Rocking or shaking grates
    • F23H9/02—Revolving cylindrical grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/12—Fire-bars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a grate bar according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a grate roller according to the preamble of patent claim 6.
  • the prior art on which the invention is based can be found in DE-OS 33 16 363. It describes a grate roller whose grate bars have a T-like symmetrical cross section. The grate bars are attached to the supports with little play, so that they - due to the rotation of the roller - perform small relative movements during operation. Apart from these small movements, their position is invariable relative to the supporting structure.
  • the air slots, which determine the direction of the exiting air jets, are aligned perpendicular to the roller surface.
  • Grate bars with a symmetrical T-like cross-section are also known for other types of combustion grates, e.g. in a step-like moving grate according to CH-PS 6 56 692.
  • the grate bars In another grate roller described in DE-OS 33 41 835, the grate bars have an asymmetrical head widened on one side; the other side of the grate bar head is simply a smooth continuation of the corresponding side of the base bar.
  • the grate bars are on the Carriers - hinged in the transverse direction to the widened side - articulated. So you have an additional degree of freedom of movement compared to most known grate bars.
  • the grate bars located on the combustion chamber side - that is, on the part of the grate roller shell just above - are inclined with the long sides one above the other in a scale-like manner, with an oblique air slot being kept clear by spacers between two adjacent grate bar heads. Because of the inclined position of the air slots, the emerging air jets have a speed component parallel to the roller axis.
  • the grate bars On the part of the roll shell just below, the grate bars are unfolded and hang vertically downwards.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a grate bar according to the preamble of claim 1, with which a firing grate can be built up without an additional degree of freedom of movement, which allows a better utilization of the air blown through the grate.
  • a second object is to provide a grate roller according to the preamble of claim 6, which allows a better utilization of the primary air without an additional degree of freedom of movement of the grate bars.
  • the oblique shape of the grate bar head results in an inclined position of the air slots, so that the emerging air jets are directed obliquely. That is the essence of the invention.
  • Claims 2 and 7 give the approximate limits of the range in which the oblique angle can be varied.
  • Claims 4 and 9 relate to an advantageous feature.
  • Figures 3 to 8 are true-to-original drawings on a reduced scale.
  • the grate roller shown in FIG. 1 has a supporting structure which essentially consists of a hollow shaft 1, radial connecting elements 2 and a plurality of T-beams 3 parallel to the axis of the hollow shaft.
  • the carrier 3 are fastened to the hollow shaft 1 by the connecting elements 2 and together form a cylindrical cage.
  • This support structure is provided with a jacket covering, which consists of numerous circular-arc-shaped grate bars 4 fastened to the supports 3. Between the longitudinal On the side of adjacent grate bars there are air slots 5 which run in the circumferential direction of the grate roller.
  • a typical grate roller is 5 m long and 1.5 m in diameter.
  • Each grate bar 4 extends over a circular arc of 36 °, so that a total of ten grate bars form a closed ring.
  • the cladding comprises a hundred such rings, i.e. it consists of a total of a thousand grate bars.
  • the width of the louvers is about 2 mm.
  • Each grate bar 4 has a head 6 and a base web 7, which tapers downwards (for the sake of simplicity, the point further away from the lateral surface in the direction of the roller axis is referred to as "below” here and below).
  • the head 6 is delimited by a cylindrically curved, smooth outer surface and two likewise smooth side surfaces, which are practically flat, but in principle are slightly conical, as will become apparent from the following.
  • the lateral surface corresponds to the lateral line 9 in cross section, the lateral lines 10, 11 to the lateral surfaces.
  • the lateral line 10 forms an angle ⁇ of 60 ° with the lateral line.
  • the angle ⁇ between the surface line 9 and the side line 11 is 120 °.
  • the side lines 10, 11 are therefore parallel to one another.
  • the center line 13 of the base web 7 divides this oblique-angled parallelogram into two parts of approximately the same size.
  • the center line 13 divides the surface line 9, which is perpendicular to it, in a ratio dependent on the angle ⁇ , which is between 1.6 and 1.7 in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • the angle ⁇ can range are between about 45 and 75 °.
  • the angle ⁇ can be in a corresponding range, so that the sum of the two angles is between 170 and 180 °. If the sum of the two angles is less than 180 °, ie if the side lines 10, 11 are not exactly parallel, then this means that the air slot 5 between adjacent grate bars 4 narrows like a nozzle towards the roller surface.
  • the side line 10 continues in a straight line below the line 12 and merges into the boundary line of the base web 7 in the form of an arc.
  • the cross section of the head 6 is delimited on the underside by an arc 14, the end point of which is connected to the end point of line 11 by a short line 15, which includes an angle of approximately 45 ° with line 12.
  • the base web 7 is symmetrical to the line 13. It is considerably narrower than the head 6. Its width in the lower region is approximately 1: 6 to the distance between the center lines 13 of two adjacent grate bars 4, as can be seen, for example, from FIG.
  • Several cooling fins 16 are attached to the side of the base web 7.
  • the grate bar In the middle, the grate bar is provided on both sides with projecting spacers 17.
  • the base web 7 has three holes 18, 19, 20 distributed over its length.
  • two laterally projecting support blocks 21, 22 are attached on opposite sides of the base web 7. The one support block 21 is set back a little in relation to the associated end face of the grate bar head 6, the other support block 22 projects somewhat in relation to the associated end face.
  • the base web 7 is provided at both ends with a slot 23, 24, the upper edge of which is flush with the underside of the support block 21, 22.
  • the lines which represent the undersides of the two support blocks 21, 22 are parallel to the surface line 9 of the grate rod head 6.
  • the flanges of the T-beams 3 engage in the slots 23, 24. It goes without saying that the slots 23, 24 are so long and so wide that there is still some play even in the hot operating state. Apart from this slight play, the position of the grate bars 4 is invariable relative to the supporting structure.
  • the undersides of the support blocks 21, 22 rest on the flanges of the supports 3.
  • the support base of the grate bar 4 is widened by the offset arrangement of the two support blocks 21, 22.
  • the support blocks 21, 22 also act as spacers. In addition, the spacers 17 ensure that the prescribed width of the air slots 5 between the longitudinal sides of adjacent grate bars 4 is maintained.
  • the air slots are - evenly along the entire length of the grate roller - at an angle to the roller surface, i.e. their center lines 26 (FIG. 2), which illustrate the direction of the exiting air jets, lie on cone shells, so that the air jets receive a speed component in the axial direction of the grate roller.
  • the grate bar ends overlap due to the arrangement of the support blocks 21, 22 described above, as can be seen from FIG. 3.
  • Long rods 27 sit in the holes 18, 19, 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)

Abstract

In known grate furnaces, the air slots between the individual grate bars are aligned perpendicularly to the grate surface. The primary air flowing through thus forms jets directed perpendicularly upwards. A new grate bar (4) has been developed, in which the cross-section of the grate bar head (6) has a shape similar to a rhomboid. In a furnace grate, which is equipped with grate bars (4) of this type, the primary air jets emerge at an angle. Surprisingly, it has been found that the utilisation of the primary air is consequently significantly improved. The grate bar (4) is particularly suitable for use in roller grate furnaces of waste incineration installations. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Roststab gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 und eine Rostwalze gemäß dem Oberbe­griff des Patentanspruchs 6.The invention relates to a grate bar according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a grate roller according to the preamble of patent claim 6.

Der Stand der Technik, auf dem die Erfindung aufbaut, ist der DE-OS 33 16 363 zu entnehmen. Darin wird eine Rostwalze beschrieben, deren Roststäbe einen T-ähnlichen symmetri­schen Querschnitt haben. Die Roststäbe sind an den Trägern mit geringem Spiel eingehängt, so daß sie - durch die Rotation der Walze bedingt - im Betrieb geringe Relativ­bewegungen ausführen. Von diesen kleinen Bewegungen abgesehen, ist ihre Lage relativ zur Tragkonstruktion unveränderlich. Die Luftschlitze, die die Richtung der austretenden Luftstrahlen bestimmen, sind senkrecht zur Walzenoberfläche ausgerichtet.The prior art on which the invention is based can be found in DE-OS 33 16 363. It describes a grate roller whose grate bars have a T-like symmetrical cross section. The grate bars are attached to the supports with little play, so that they - due to the rotation of the roller - perform small relative movements during operation. Apart from these small movements, their position is invariable relative to the supporting structure. The air slots, which determine the direction of the exiting air jets, are aligned perpendicular to the roller surface.

Roststäbe mit symmetrischem T-ähnlichem Querschnitt sind auch bei Feuerungsrosten anderer Bauart bekannt, wie z.B. bei einem treppenartig aufgebauten Vorschubrost gemäß CH-PS 6 56 692.Grate bars with a symmetrical T-like cross-section are also known for other types of combustion grates, e.g. in a step-like moving grate according to CH-PS 6 56 692.

Bei einer anderen, in der DE-OS 33 41 835 beschriebenen Rostwalze haben die Roststäbe einen asymmetrischen, ein­seitig verbreiterten Kopf; die andere Seite des Roststab­kopfes ist einfach eine glatte Fortsetzung der entsprechen­den Seite des Basisstegs. Die Roststäbe sind an den Trägern - in Querrichtung zu der verbreiterten Seite hin klappbar - angelenkt. Sie haben also gegenüber den meisten bekannten Roststäben einen zusätzlichen Bewegungsfreiheits­grad. Im Betrieb liegen die auf der Feuerraumseite - d.h. auf dem gerade oben befindlichen Teil des Rostwalzenmantels - befindlichen Roststäbe schuppenähnlich schräg mit den Längsseiten übereinander, wobei durch Abstandhalter zwi­schen je zwei benachbarten Roststabköpfen ein schräglie­gender Luftschlitz freigehalten wird. Wegen der Schräglage der Luftschlitze haben die austretenden Luftstrahlen eine zur Walzenachse parallele Geschwindigkeitskomponente. Auf dem gerade unten befindlichen Teil des Walzenmantels hängen die Roststäbe auseinandergeklappt senkrecht nach unten.In another grate roller described in DE-OS 33 41 835, the grate bars have an asymmetrical head widened on one side; the other side of the grate bar head is simply a smooth continuation of the corresponding side of the base bar. The grate bars are on the Carriers - hinged in the transverse direction to the widened side - articulated. So you have an additional degree of freedom of movement compared to most known grate bars. In operation, the grate bars located on the combustion chamber side - that is, on the part of the grate roller shell just above - are inclined with the long sides one above the other in a scale-like manner, with an oblique air slot being kept clear by spacers between two adjacent grate bar heads. Because of the inclined position of the air slots, the emerging air jets have a speed component parallel to the roller axis. On the part of the roll shell just below, the grate bars are unfolded and hang vertically downwards.

Betriebliche Erfahrungen haben überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß bei schräg austretenden Luftstrahlen die Ausnutzung der Primärluft merklich besser ist als bei senkrecht austre­tenden Luftstrahlen. Das hängt offenbar damit zusammen, daß die auf dem Rost liegende Brennstoffschicht - bedingt durch die Inhomogenität des Mülls - vielfach Löcher aufweist. Senkrecht gerichtete Luftstrahlen, die im Bereich eines solchen Loches die Brennstoffschicht durchstoßen, bleiben völlig ungenutzt. Treten jedoch die Luftstrahlen in schrä­ger, zur Walzenachse spitzwinkliger Richtung aus, so stoßen sie seitlich in die Brennstoffmasse hinein, die das Loch umgibt.Operational experience has surprisingly shown that the use of primary air is noticeably better in the case of obliquely emerging air jets than in the case of vertically emerging air jets. This obviously has to do with the fact that the fuel layer lying on the grate - due to the inhomogeneity of the waste - often has holes. Vertical air jets that penetrate the fuel layer in the area of such a hole remain completely unused. However, if the air jets emerge in an oblique direction, which is acute-angled to the roller axis, then they jostle laterally into the fuel mass that surrounds the hole.

Andererseits hat sich aber gezeigt, daß die klappbare An­ordnung der Roststäbe unter den vorherrschenden rauhen Betriebsbedingungen nicht immer in der gewünschten Weise funktioniert, so daß gelegentliche Störungen unvermeidlich sind.On the other hand, it has been shown that the foldable arrangement of the grate bars does not always work in the desired manner under the prevailing rough operating conditions, so that occasional malfunctions are inevitable.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Roststab gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 zu schaffen, mit dem sich ohne zusätzlichen Bewegungsfreiheitsgrad ein Feuerungsrost aufbauen läßt, der eine bessere Ausnutzung der durch den Rost eingeblasenen Luft erlaubt. Eine zweite Aufgabe besteht darin, eine Rostwalze gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 6 zu schaffen, die ohne zusätzlichen Bewegungsfreiheitsgrad der Roststäbe eine bessere Aus­nutzung der Primärluft erlaubt.The invention has for its object to provide a grate bar according to the preamble of claim 1, with which a firing grate can be built up without an additional degree of freedom of movement, which allows a better utilization of the air blown through the grate. A second object is to provide a grate roller according to the preamble of claim 6, which allows a better utilization of the primary air without an additional degree of freedom of movement of the grate bars.

Diese beiden Aufgabe werden durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Patentansprüche 1 und 6 gelöst.These two objects are achieved by the characterizing features of claims 1 and 6.

Aus der schiefwinkligen Form des Roststabkopfes ergibt sich eine Schräglage der Luftschlitze, so daß die austretenden Luftstrahlen schräg gerichtet sind. Das ist das Wesentliche der Erfindung.The oblique shape of the grate bar head results in an inclined position of the air slots, so that the emerging air jets are directed obliquely. That is the essence of the invention.

In den Ansprüchen 2 und 7 sind die ungefähren Grenzen des Bereichs angegeben, in dem der schiefe Winkel variiert werden kann.Claims 2 and 7 give the approximate limits of the range in which the oblique angle can be varied.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele für den Roststab bzw. für die Rostwalze sind in den Ansprüchen 3 und 8 angegeben.Preferred embodiments for the grate bar or for the grate roller are given in claims 3 and 8.

Die Ansprüche 4 und 9 betreffen ein vorteilhaftes Merkmal.Claims 4 and 9 relate to an advantageous feature.

Durch das Merkmal der Ansprüche 5 und 10 wird einer Ver­kantung der Roststäbe entgegengewirkt.The feature of claims 5 and 10 counteracts tilting of the grate bars.

Durch das Merkmal des Anspruchs 11 werden bei etwaigen Roststabbrüchen die Bruchstücke provisorisch festgehalten.Due to the feature of claim 11, the fragments are temporarily held in case of any rust rod breaks.

Die Zeichnung dient zur Erläuterung der Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels.

  • Figur 1 zeigt schematisch eine Rostwalze gemäß der Erfin­ dung in perspektivischer Darstellung.
  • Figur 2 zeigt in vergrößertem Maßstab einen vereinfachten Querschnitt durch einen Roststab und einen Teil eines be­nachbarten Roststabes.
  • Figur 3 zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines Roststabs im einge­bauten Zustand.
  • Figur 4 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen Roststab in ge­streckter Länge.
The drawing serves to explain the invention using an exemplary embodiment.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a grate roller according to the inven tion in perspective.
  • FIG. 2 shows, on an enlarged scale, a simplified cross section through a grate bar and part of an adjacent grate bar.
  • Figure 3 shows a side view of a grate bar in the installed state.
  • Figure 4 shows a plan view of a grate bar in an elongated length.

Die Figuren 5 bis 8 zeigen zwei nebeneinanderliegende Rost­stäbe in verschiedenen Darstellungen, und zwar

  • Figur 5 in einem Schnitt CD der Figur 3
  • Figur 6 in einem Schnitt EF der Figur 3
  • Figur 7 in einer Ansicht "A" der Figur 3
  • Figur 8 in einer Ansicht "B" der Figur 3
Figures 5 to 8 show two adjacent grate bars in different representations, namely
  • Figure 5 in a section CD of Figure 3
  • FIG. 6 in a section EF from FIG. 3
  • Figure 7 in a view "A" of Figure 3
  • FIG. 8 in a view “B” from FIG. 3

Die Figuren 3 bis 8 sind originalgetreue Zeichnungen in verkleinertem Maßstab.Figures 3 to 8 are true-to-original drawings on a reduced scale.

Die in Figur 1 erkennbare Rostwalze hat eine Tragkonstruk­tion, die im wesentlichen aus einer Hohlwelle 1, radialen Verbindungselementen 2 und aus mehreren zur Achse der Hohl­welle parallelen T-Trägern 3 besteht. Die Träger 3 sind durch die Verbindungselemente 2 an der Hohlwelle 1 be­festigt und bilden gemeinsam einen zylindrischen Käfig. Diese Tragkonstruktion ist mit einem Mantelbelag versehen, der aus zahlreichen, an den Trägern 3 befestigten kreis­bogenförmigen Roststäben 4 besteht. Zwischen den Längs­ seiten benachbarter Roststäbe befinden sich Luftschlitze 5, die in Umfangsrichtung der Rostwalze verlaufen.The grate roller shown in FIG. 1 has a supporting structure which essentially consists of a hollow shaft 1, radial connecting elements 2 and a plurality of T-beams 3 parallel to the axis of the hollow shaft. The carrier 3 are fastened to the hollow shaft 1 by the connecting elements 2 and together form a cylindrical cage. This support structure is provided with a jacket covering, which consists of numerous circular-arc-shaped grate bars 4 fastened to the supports 3. Between the longitudinal On the side of adjacent grate bars there are air slots 5 which run in the circumferential direction of the grate roller.

Eine typische Rostwalze ist 5 m lang und hat einen Durch­messer von 1,5 m. Jeder Roststab 4 erstreckt sich über einen Kreisbogen von 36°, so daß insgesamt zehn Roststäbe einen geschlossenen Ring bilden. Der Mantelbelag umfaßt hundert derartige Ringe, d.h. er besteht aus insgesamt tausend Roststäben. Die Breite der Luftschlitze beträgt etwa 2 mm.A typical grate roller is 5 m long and 1.5 m in diameter. Each grate bar 4 extends over a circular arc of 36 °, so that a total of ten grate bars form a closed ring. The cladding comprises a hundred such rings, i.e. it consists of a total of a thousand grate bars. The width of the louvers is about 2 mm.

Jeder Roststab 4 hat einen Kopf 6 und einen Basissteg 7, der sich nach unten verjüngt (der Einfachheit halber wird hier und im folgenden die von der Mantelfläche in Richtung der Walzenachse weiter entfernte Stelle als "unten" be­zeichnet).Each grate bar 4 has a head 6 and a base web 7, which tapers downwards (for the sake of simplicity, the point further away from the lateral surface in the direction of the roller axis is referred to as "below" here and below).

Der Kopf 6 ist begrenzt von einer zylindrisch gewölbten, glatten Mantelfläche und zwei ebenfalls glatten Seitenflä­chen, die praktisch eben, im Prinzip jedoch schwach konisch sind, wie sich aus dem Folgenden ergeben wird. Der Mantel­fläche entspricht im Querschnitt die Mantellinie 9, den Seitenflächen die Seitenlinien 10, 11. Die Seitenlinie 10 schließt mit der Mantellinie einen Winkel α von 60° ein. Der Winkel β zwischen der Mantellinie 9 und der Seiten­linie 11 ist 120°. Die Seitenlinien 10, 11 sind also zuein­ander parallel. Die zur Mantellinie 9 parallele Linie 12, die von dem unteren Endpunkt der Seitenlinie 11 ausgeht, ergänzt die Linien 9, 10, 11 zu einem Rhomboid. Die Mittel­linie 13 des Basisstegs 7 teilt dieses schiefwinklige Parallelogramm in zwei etwa gleichgroße Teile. Das bedeu­tet, daß die Mittellinie 13 die zu ihr rechtwinklige Man­tellinie 9 in einem vom Winkel α abhängigen Verhältnis unterteilt, das bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen 1,6 und 1,7 liegt. Der Winkel α kann im Bereich zwischen etwa 45 und 75° liegen. Der Winkel β kann in einem entsprechenden Bereich liegen, so daß die Summe der beiden Winkel zwischen 170 und 180° liegt. Wenn die Summe der beiden Winkel kleiner als 180° ist, d.h. wenn die Sei­tenlinien 10, 11 nicht exakt parallel sind, dann bedeutet das, daß sich der Luftschlitz 5 zwischen benachbarten Roststäben 4 zur Walzenoberfläche hin düsenartig verengt.The head 6 is delimited by a cylindrically curved, smooth outer surface and two likewise smooth side surfaces, which are practically flat, but in principle are slightly conical, as will become apparent from the following. The lateral surface corresponds to the lateral line 9 in cross section, the lateral lines 10, 11 to the lateral surfaces. The lateral line 10 forms an angle α of 60 ° with the lateral line. The angle β between the surface line 9 and the side line 11 is 120 °. The side lines 10, 11 are therefore parallel to one another. Line 12, which is parallel to surface line 9 and starts from the lower end point of side line 11, supplements lines 9, 10, 11 to form a rhomboid. The center line 13 of the base web 7 divides this oblique-angled parallelogram into two parts of approximately the same size. This means that the center line 13 divides the surface line 9, which is perpendicular to it, in a ratio dependent on the angle α, which is between 1.6 and 1.7 in the exemplary embodiment shown. The angle α can range are between about 45 and 75 °. The angle β can be in a corresponding range, so that the sum of the two angles is between 170 and 180 °. If the sum of the two angles is less than 180 °, ie if the side lines 10, 11 are not exactly parallel, then this means that the air slot 5 between adjacent grate bars 4 narrows like a nozzle towards the roller surface.

Die Seitenlinie 10 setzt sich unterhalb der Linie 12 gerad­linig fort und geht in Form eines Bogens in die Begren­zungslinie des Basisstegs 7 über. Auf der gegenüberliegen­den Seite ist der Querschnitt des Kopfes 6 unterseits durch einen Bogen 14 begrenzt, dessen Endpunkt mit dem Endpunkt der Linie 11 durch eine kurze Linie 15 verbunden ist, die mit der Linie 12 einen Winkel von etwa 45° einschließt.The side line 10 continues in a straight line below the line 12 and merges into the boundary line of the base web 7 in the form of an arc. On the opposite side, the cross section of the head 6 is delimited on the underside by an arc 14, the end point of which is connected to the end point of line 11 by a short line 15, which includes an angle of approximately 45 ° with line 12.

Der Basissteg 7 ist symmetrisch zu der Linie 13. Er ist we­sentlich schmaler als der Kopf 6. Seine Breite im unteren Bereich steht zu dem Abstand der Mittelinien 13 zweier be­nachbarter Roststäbe 4 etwa im Verhältnis 1:6, wie z.B. aus Figur 5 erkennbar. Seitlich an dem Basissteg 7 sind mehrere Kühlrippen 16 angebracht. In der Mitte ist der Roststab beidseitig mit vorspringenden Abstandhaltern 17 versehen. Der Basissteg 7 hat drei über seine Länge verteilte Löcher 18, 19, 20. An den Enden des Roststabes sind auf gegenüber­liegenden Seiten des Basisstegs 7 zwei seitlich vorstehende Auflageblöcke 21, 22 angebracht. Der eine Auflageblock 21 ist gegenüber der zugehörigen Endfläche des Roststabkopfes 6 ein wenig zurückgesetzt, der andere Auflageblock 22 springt gegenüber der zugehörigen Endfläche etwas vor. Der Basissteg 7 ist an beiden Enden mit je einem Schlitz 23, 24 versehen, dessen Oberkante mit der Unterseite des Auflage­blocks 21, 22 fluchtet. In der Ansicht gemäß Figur 7 oder Figur 8 sind die Linien, die die Unterseiten der beiden Auflageblöcke 21, 22 darstellen, parallel zur Mantellinie 9 des Roststabkopfes 6.The base web 7 is symmetrical to the line 13. It is considerably narrower than the head 6. Its width in the lower region is approximately 1: 6 to the distance between the center lines 13 of two adjacent grate bars 4, as can be seen, for example, from FIG. Several cooling fins 16 are attached to the side of the base web 7. In the middle, the grate bar is provided on both sides with projecting spacers 17. The base web 7 has three holes 18, 19, 20 distributed over its length. At the ends of the grate bar, two laterally projecting support blocks 21, 22 are attached on opposite sides of the base web 7. The one support block 21 is set back a little in relation to the associated end face of the grate bar head 6, the other support block 22 projects somewhat in relation to the associated end face. The base web 7 is provided at both ends with a slot 23, 24, the upper edge of which is flush with the underside of the support block 21, 22. In the view according to FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, the lines which represent the undersides of the two support blocks 21, 22 are parallel to the surface line 9 of the grate rod head 6.

Im montierten Zustand greifen die Flansche der T-Träger 3 in die Schlitze 23, 24 ein. Es versteht sich, daß die Schlitze 23, 24 so lang und so breit sind, daß auch im heißen Betriebszustand noch etwas Spiel vorhanden ist. Von diesem geringen Spiel abgesehen, ist die Lage der Roststäbe 4 relativ zur Tragkonstruktion unveränderlich. Die Auflage­blöcke 21, 22 liegen mit ihren Unterseiten an den Flanschen der Träger 3 auf. Durch die seitenversetzte Anordnung der beiden Auflageblöcke 21, 22 wird die Auflagebasis des Rost­stabs 4 verbreitert. Die Auflageblöcke 21, 22 wirken auch als Abstandhalter. Außerdem sorgen die Abstandhalter 17 dafür, daß die vorgeschriebene Breite der Luftschlitze 5 zwischen den Längsseiten benachbarter Roststäbe 4 beibe­halten wird. Die Luftschlitze liegen - auf der ganzen Länge der Rostwalze gleichmäßig - schräg zur Walzenoberfläche, d.h. ihre Mittellinien 26 (Figur 2), die die Richtung der austretenden Luftstrahlen veranschaulichen, liegen auf Kegelmänteln, so daß die Luftstrahlen eine Geschwindig­keitskomponente in Achsrichtung der Rostwalze erhalten. An den Stoßstellen 25 zweier stirnseitig aneinanderstoßender Roststäbe 4 greifen die Roststabenden infolge der oben beschriebenen Anordnung der Auflageblöcke 21, 22 über­einander, wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich. In den Löchern 18, 19, 20 sitzen lange Stangen 27.In the assembled state, the flanges of the T-beams 3 engage in the slots 23, 24. It goes without saying that the slots 23, 24 are so long and so wide that there is still some play even in the hot operating state. Apart from this slight play, the position of the grate bars 4 is invariable relative to the supporting structure. The undersides of the support blocks 21, 22 rest on the flanges of the supports 3. The support base of the grate bar 4 is widened by the offset arrangement of the two support blocks 21, 22. The support blocks 21, 22 also act as spacers. In addition, the spacers 17 ensure that the prescribed width of the air slots 5 between the longitudinal sides of adjacent grate bars 4 is maintained. The air slots are - evenly along the entire length of the grate roller - at an angle to the roller surface, i.e. their center lines 26 (FIG. 2), which illustrate the direction of the exiting air jets, lie on cone shells, so that the air jets receive a speed component in the axial direction of the grate roller. At the abutment points 25 of two grate bars 4 abutting one another at the end, the grate bar ends overlap due to the arrangement of the support blocks 21, 22 described above, as can be seen from FIG. 3. Long rods 27 sit in the holes 18, 19, 20.

Claims (11)

1. Roststab für einen Feuerungsrost, insbesondere für eine Rostwalze eines Walzenrostes einer Müllverbrennungsan­lage, mit einem schmalen Basissteg und einem verbreiter­ten Kopf, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des Roststabkopfes (6) eine rhomboidähnliche Form hat.1. grate bar for a furnace grate, in particular for a grate roller of a grate of a waste incineration plant, with a narrow base web and a widened head, characterized in that the cross section of the grate bar head (6) has a rhomboid-like shape. 2. Roststab nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel zwischen der Mantellinie (9) und der Seiten­linie (10) des rhomboidähnlichen Querschnittes zwischen 45 und 75° beträgt.2. grate bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the surface line (9) and the side line (10) of the rhomboid-like cross section is between 45 and 75 °. 3. Roststab nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel etwa 60° beträgt.3. grate bar according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle is approximately 60 °. 4. Roststab nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Mantellinie (13) des Basisstegs (7) den rhomboidähnlichen Querschnitt in zwei etwa flächengleiche Teilquerschnitte unterteilt.4. grate bar according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface line (13) of the base web (7) divides the rhomboid-like cross section into two approximately equal cross-sections. 5. Roststab nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß er zwei Auflageblöcke (21, 22) auf­weist, die an seinen beiden Enden auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten angebracht sind.5. grate bar according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has two support blocks (21, 22) which are attached at its two ends on opposite sides. 6. Rostwalze für einen Walzenrost einer Müllverbrennungs­anlage,
mit einer Tragkonstruktion, die mehrere achsenparallele, nach Art eines zylindrischen Käfigs angeordnete Träger aufweist,
und mit einem Mantelbelag aus zahlreichen kreisbogen­förmigen Roststäben, die an den Trägern befestigt sind, wobei jeder Roststab einen schmalen Basissteg und einen verbreiterten Kopf aufweist,
und wobei zwischen den Längsseiten benachbarter Rost­stäbe in Umfangsrichtung verlaufende Luftschlitze be­stehen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt des Rost­stabkopfes (6) eine rhomboidähnliche Form hat.6. grate roller for a roller grate of a waste incineration plant,
with a supporting structure which has a plurality of axially parallel supports arranged in the manner of a cylindrical cage,
and with a cladding covering made of numerous circular-shaped grate bars which are fastened to the supports, each grate bar having a narrow base bar and a widened head,
and wherein there are circumferential louvers between the longitudinal sides of adjacent grate bars,
characterized in that the cross section of the grate bar head (6) has a rhomboid-like shape. 7. Rostwalze nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel zwischen der Mantellinie (9) und der Seiten­linie (10) des rhomboidähnlichen Querschnitts zwischen 45 und 75° beträgt.7. grate roller according to claim 6, characterized in that the angle between the surface line (9) and the side line (10) of the rhomboid-like cross section is between 45 and 75 °. 8. Rostwalze nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel etwa 60° beträgt.8. grate roller according to claim 7, characterized in that the angle is approximately 60 °. 9. Rostwalze nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Mittellinie (13) des Basisstegs (7) den rhomboidähnlichen Querschnitt in zwei etwa flächengleiche Teilquerschnitte unterteilt.9. grate roller according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the center line (13) of the base web (7) divides the rhomboid-like cross section into two approximately equal cross-sections. 10. Rostwalze nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß der Roststab (4) zwei Auflageblöcke (21, 22) aufweist, die an seinen beiden Enden auf gegen­überliegenden Seiten angebracht sind.10. Grate roller according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the grate bar (4) has two support blocks (21, 22) which are attached at its two ends on opposite sides. 11. Rostwalze nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 10, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Basisstege (7) der Roststäbe (4) mit mindestens je zwei Löchern (18, 19, 20) versehen sind und daß in den Löchern achsenparallele Stangen (27) sitzen.11. Grate roller according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the base webs (7) of the grate bars (4) are each provided with at least two holes (18, 19, 20) and that axially parallel rods (27) sit in the holes .
EP90106560A 1989-05-10 1990-04-05 Grate bar and rotary grate Expired - Lifetime EP0396908B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8905823U DE8905823U1 (en) 1989-05-10 1989-05-10 Rust roller
DE8905822U 1989-05-10
DE8905822U DE8905822U1 (en) 1989-05-10 1989-05-10 rust bar
DE8905823U 1989-05-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0396908A2 true EP0396908A2 (en) 1990-11-14
EP0396908A3 EP0396908A3 (en) 1991-05-08
EP0396908B1 EP0396908B1 (en) 1994-06-08

Family

ID=25954770

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90106560A Expired - Lifetime EP0396908B1 (en) 1989-05-10 1990-04-05 Grate bar and rotary grate

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5081939A (en)
EP (1) EP0396908B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE107007T1 (en)
DE (1) DE59005994D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0396908T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2055819T3 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5655463A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-08-12 Douglas Nagel Apparatus and method for burning waste material
DE19851471A1 (en) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-11 Mitteldeutsche Feuerungs Und U Feed grate cover for combustion furnace has narrow S-shaped gaps to allow very little material to fall through and uses stair-step-type bars in close contact
DE102007020515A1 (en) * 2007-04-29 2008-11-13 Wvt Breiding Gmbh Grate bar for axially suspending on roller grate, has caustic surface for contact with burning property, where overlap element is brought in axial suspension with overlap element of additional grate bar
CN103335320A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-10-02 彭小平 Rotary air-cooling grate of boiler

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4316343A1 (en) * 1993-05-15 1994-11-17 Babcock Energie Umwelt Roller grate for incinerators
BR7900232U (en) * 1999-02-03 2000-09-05 Vale Do Rio Doce Co Grid bar improvement for pelletizing and sintering furnaces
US6964237B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-11-15 Mark P. Hepp Grate block for a refuse incineration grate
CN106594702B (en) * 2016-11-09 2019-03-01 嘉善永金金属制品有限公司 A kind of boiler
WO2020009620A1 (en) * 2018-07-03 2020-01-09 Александр Петрович СЕМЕНИХИН Grate
RU185115U1 (en) * 2018-07-03 2018-11-22 Александр Петрович Семенихин STAFF
FR3095498B1 (en) * 2019-04-23 2021-05-21 Saretco Grate roller bar for improved air circulation incinerator furnace hearth, matching roller and grate
CN115446084B (en) * 2022-10-13 2023-08-04 桦甸市润洁环保有限公司 Household garbage derived fuel processing equipment and processing technology thereof

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US2403787A (en) * 1944-08-07 1946-07-09 Wm Bros Boiler & Mfg Co Grate
GB601599A (en) * 1943-02-27 1948-05-10 Dorothy Beryl Balmfirth Improvements in or relating to grates
DE3341835A1 (en) * 1983-11-19 1985-05-30 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Grate lining for furnace grates with revolving grate combustion paths
DE3420020A1 (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-04 Müllverbrennungsanlage Wuppertal GmbH, 5600 Wuppertal RUST BAR AND RUST ROLLER FOR THE ROLL GRID e.g. A WASTE COMBUSTION PLANT OR THE LIKE

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US2372260A (en) * 1942-06-09 1945-03-27 Waugh Equipment Co Grate bar
US3078839A (en) * 1961-02-17 1963-02-26 Earland R Mitchell Dump grate
DE1260665B (en) * 1967-05-23 1968-02-08 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Grate covering for the grate rollers of a roller grate in waste incineration plants
DE2805712C2 (en) * 1978-02-10 1980-01-31 Josef Martin Feuerungsbau Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Grate bar, especially for mechanically moved grates in large firing systems
HU178846B (en) * 1980-03-11 1982-07-28 Ernoe Biro Stoker for firing solid fuel first for fulfilling the heat demand of family houses and single aparatments or smaller group of them
DE3316363A1 (en) * 1983-05-05 1984-11-08 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen ROLLER GRID FOR WASTE COMBUSTION PLANTS

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB601599A (en) * 1943-02-27 1948-05-10 Dorothy Beryl Balmfirth Improvements in or relating to grates
US2403787A (en) * 1944-08-07 1946-07-09 Wm Bros Boiler & Mfg Co Grate
DE3341835A1 (en) * 1983-11-19 1985-05-30 Deutsche Babcock Anlagen Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Grate lining for furnace grates with revolving grate combustion paths
DE3420020A1 (en) * 1983-12-23 1985-07-04 Müllverbrennungsanlage Wuppertal GmbH, 5600 Wuppertal RUST BAR AND RUST ROLLER FOR THE ROLL GRID e.g. A WASTE COMBUSTION PLANT OR THE LIKE

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5655463A (en) * 1995-06-19 1997-08-12 Douglas Nagel Apparatus and method for burning waste material
DE19851471A1 (en) * 1998-11-09 2000-05-11 Mitteldeutsche Feuerungs Und U Feed grate cover for combustion furnace has narrow S-shaped gaps to allow very little material to fall through and uses stair-step-type bars in close contact
DE102007020515A1 (en) * 2007-04-29 2008-11-13 Wvt Breiding Gmbh Grate bar for axially suspending on roller grate, has caustic surface for contact with burning property, where overlap element is brought in axial suspension with overlap element of additional grate bar
DE102007020515B4 (en) * 2007-04-29 2013-08-22 Wvt Breiding Gmbh Axially displaceable grate bar, grate bar set and roller grate can be pushed onto a roller grate
CN103335320A (en) * 2013-07-31 2013-10-02 彭小平 Rotary air-cooling grate of boiler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2055819T3 (en) 1994-09-01
EP0396908A3 (en) 1991-05-08
US5081939A (en) 1992-01-21
EP0396908B1 (en) 1994-06-08
ATE107007T1 (en) 1994-06-15
DE59005994D1 (en) 1994-07-14
DK0396908T3 (en) 1994-09-19

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