EP0346648A2 - Process for impregnating the fibres of a tobacco smoke filter with di- or polycarboxylic acids or their anhydrides - Google Patents
Process for impregnating the fibres of a tobacco smoke filter with di- or polycarboxylic acids or their anhydrides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0346648A2 EP0346648A2 EP89109168A EP89109168A EP0346648A2 EP 0346648 A2 EP0346648 A2 EP 0346648A2 EP 89109168 A EP89109168 A EP 89109168A EP 89109168 A EP89109168 A EP 89109168A EP 0346648 A2 EP0346648 A2 EP 0346648A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anhydride
- anhydrides
- fibers
- polycarboxylic acids
- filter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/14—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as additive
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for impregnating fibers of a tobacco smoke filter with di- or polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof.
- DE-C 1 300 854 describes equipping the filter fibers with acidic esters of organic polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, malic acid and sugar acids. These acidic esters can be finely dispersed on the fibers together with glycerol triacetate.
- DE-C 1 051 182 relates to the finishing of cellulose-based filter fibers with alginic acid and pectic acid.
- DE-A 1 956 949 describes the impregnation of filter fibers with tartaric acid.
- the known methods are generally disadvantageous in that the filter production in the Solvent or hardener customary in the cigarette industry, such as glycerol triacetate (triacetin), di- or polycarboxylic acids.
- the method of the invention is directed to eliminating this disadvantage.
- the process is characterized in that acid anhydrides of the di- or polycarboxylic acids are dissolved in volatile or physiologically harmless organic solvents and applied to the fibers and optionally hydrolyzed with water. Since the anhydrides of the di- or polycarboxylic acids are more soluble in the usual organic solvents than the corresponding acids, the corresponding carboxylic acids can be precipitated on the fibers to be finished by hydrolysis. At the same time, a very homogeneous finishing or coating of the fibers is achieved, the precipitated di- or polycarboxylic acids having a large adsorption surface.
- the water required for the hydrolysis can be added separately; however, the hydrolysis can also be carried out at least partially with water that adheres to the filter material. Furthermore, the hydrolysis is not absolutely necessary; one can also equip the fibers with the anhydrides alone, which then act as such as an adsorbent. This can also lead to chemical reactions between anhydrides and the fiber material, provided that it has reactive hydroxyl groups.
- fibers to be impregnated which are selected from the group formed by cellulose acetate, cellulose and polypropylene.
- anhydrides of those di- or polycarboxylic acids which form cyclic anhydrides also substituted derivatives of such anhydrides, e.g. O-acyl derivatives of hydroxy-substituted di- or polycarboxylic anhydrides.
- Preferred anhydrides for the process of the invention are those selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, tartaric anhydride, malic anhydride, aconitic anhydride and citric anhydride and acetylcitric anhydride. Mixtures of these anhydrides can also be used.
- maleic anhydride or citric anhydride or the acetyl derivative thereof it is particularly preferred to use maleic anhydride or citric anhydride or the acetyl derivative thereof, the use of cellulose acetate fibers and the use of clycerol triacetate as a solvent.
- the fibers impregnated with the solvents containing the dissolved anhydrides can be exposed to an environment with high atmospheric humidity.
- the anhydrides are hydrolysed by absorption of water from the environment.
- the solvents containing the anhydrides can be mixed with the amount of water required for the hydrolysis of the anhydrides and the solution obtained applied to the fibers before the hydrolysis products of the anhydrides precipitate.
- the fiber should be impregnated immediately after the solution has been mixed with water in order to prevent the precipitation of the hydrolysis products from starting too early.
- the determination of the time available for this between the addition of water and the processing depends on the hydrolysis kinetics and the quantitative ratio of water and acid anhydride, the temperature of the solution of the acid anhydride, the presence of catalysts and the like, but can easily be determined by a person skilled in the art.
- Another advantage of the process of the invention is that the acid anhydrides can also react with free OH groups of the cellulose acetate and cellulose. This results in particularly good adhesion of the carboxylic acids to be deposited on the fibers.
- Cigarettes were made from the aforementioned filter rods and smoked according to the DIN standard. The results summarized in Table 2 were obtained: Table 2 Cigarette with filter acc. Tab. 1 Nicotine filter retention (%) Nicotine (mg) main smoke comment A 53 0.75 B 54 0.73 C. 54 0.73 D 39 0.94 Compared to A E 38 0.95 Compared to B F 35 0.97 Compared to C
- the cigarettes obtained above were subjected to a sensory test together with the comparison cigarettes. There was a reduced irritation, unchanged aroma character and a constant fullness. The lowering of nicotine in the main smoke resulted in a lower feeling of impact.
- Filter rod J is a comparative product without the addition of anhydride.
- Table 3 Filter rod * Triacetin (%) ** Anhydride of (%) ** comment G 8th Acetylcitric acid (1.3) H 8th Citric acid (1.0) I.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Imprägnierung von Fasern eines Tabakrauchfilters mit Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren bzw. Anhydriden derselben.The invention relates to a method for impregnating fibers of a tobacco smoke filter with di- or polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof.
Es ist bekannt, Fasern von Tabakrauchfiltern zur Adsorption von basischen Anteilen des Tabakrauchs mit sauren Komponenten auszurüsten. So beschreibt die DE-C 1 300 854 für diesen Zweck die Ausrüstung der Filterfasern mit sauren Estern organischer Polycarbonsäuren wie Citronensäure, Weinsäure, Bernsteinsäure, Äpfelsäure und Zuckersäuren. Diese sauren Ester können zusammen mit Glycerintriacetat auf den Fasern fein verteilt werden. Die DE-C 1 051 182 betrifft die Ausrüstung von Filterfasern auf Cellulosebasis mit Alginsäure und Pectinsäure. Schließlich beschreibt die DE-A 1 956 949 die Imprägnierung von Filterfasern mit Weinsäure.It is known to equip fibers of tobacco smoke filters with acidic components for the adsorption of basic portions of tobacco smoke. For this purpose, DE-C 1 300 854 describes equipping the filter fibers with acidic esters of organic polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, malic acid and sugar acids. These acidic esters can be finely dispersed on the fibers together with glycerol triacetate. DE-C 1 051 182 relates to the finishing of cellulose-based filter fibers with alginic acid and pectic acid. Finally, DE-A 1 956 949 describes the impregnation of filter fibers with tartaric acid.
Die vorbekannten Verfahren sind im allgemeinen mit dem Nachteil behaftet, daß die bei der Filterherstellung in der Cigarettenindustrie üblichen Lösemittel bzw. Härter wie Glycerintriacetat (Triacetin) Di- bzw. Polycarbonsäuren schlecht lösen. Das Verfahren der Erfindung ist auf die Behebung dieses Nachteils gerichtet.The known methods are generally disadvantageous in that the filter production in the Solvent or hardener customary in the cigarette industry, such as glycerol triacetate (triacetin), di- or polycarboxylic acids. The method of the invention is directed to eliminating this disadvantage.
Das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Säureanhydride der Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren in flüchtigen oder physiologisch unbedenklichen organischen Lösemitteln löst und auf die Fasern aufbringt und gegebenenfalls mit Wasser hydrolysiert. Da die Anhydride der Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren in den üblichen organischen Lösemitteln besser löslich als die entsprechenden Säuren sind, kann man auf den auszurüstenden Fasern durch Hydrolyse die entsprechenden Carbonsäuren ausfällen. Damit wird gleichzeitig eine sehr homogene Ausrüstung bzw. Beschichtung der Fasern erreicht, wobei die ausgefällten Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren eine große Adsorptionsoberfläche aufweisen. Das für die Hydrolyse erforderliche Wasser kann gesondert zugesetzt werden; die Hydrolyse kann jedoch auch mindestens teilweise mit Wasser erfolgen, das dem Filtermaterial anhaftet. Weiterhin ist die Hydrolyse nicht unbedingt erforderlich; man kann auch die Fasern allein mit den Anhydriden ausrüsten, welche dann als solche als Adsorbtionsmittel wirken. Dabei kann es auch zu chemischen Reaktionen zwischen Anhydriden und dem Fasermaterial kommen, sofern dieses reaktionsfähige Hydroxylgruppen aufweist.The process is characterized in that acid anhydrides of the di- or polycarboxylic acids are dissolved in volatile or physiologically harmless organic solvents and applied to the fibers and optionally hydrolyzed with water. Since the anhydrides of the di- or polycarboxylic acids are more soluble in the usual organic solvents than the corresponding acids, the corresponding carboxylic acids can be precipitated on the fibers to be finished by hydrolysis. At the same time, a very homogeneous finishing or coating of the fibers is achieved, the precipitated di- or polycarboxylic acids having a large adsorption surface. The water required for the hydrolysis can be added separately; however, the hydrolysis can also be carried out at least partially with water that adheres to the filter material. Furthermore, the hydrolysis is not absolutely necessary; one can also equip the fibers with the anhydrides alone, which then act as such as an adsorbent. This can also lead to chemical reactions between anhydrides and the fiber material, provided that it has reactive hydroxyl groups.
Prinzipiell sind für das Verfahren der Erfindung sämtliche flüchtigen Lösemittel, die die Anhydride besser lösen als die entsprechenden Di- oder Polycarbonsäuren und nach dem Ausfällen derselben leicht entfernt werden können, einsetzbar. Zweckmäßigerweise verwendet man jedoch solche physiologisch unbedenklichen organischen Lösemittel, die ohnehin in der Filterherstellung benötigt werden, insbesondere auch als "Härter" bezeichnete Carbonsäureester, vorzugsweise diejenigen, die aus der von Polyethylenglykolacetaten bzw. - propionaten, insbesondere Triethylenglykoldiacetat, Glycerindiacetat, Glycerintriacetat, Glycerindipropionat, Glycerintripropionat, Di-(methoxyethyl)-phthalat, Ethylphthalyl-methylglykolat und Triethylcitrat gebildeten Gruppe ausgewählt sind. Es können auch Gemische der vorgenannten Ester eingesetzt werden.In principle, all volatile solvents which dissolve the anhydrides better than the corresponding di- or polycarboxylic acids and which can easily be removed after the precipitation thereof can be used for the process of the invention. However, it is expedient to use those physiologically harmless organic solvents which are required anyway in filter production, in particular also carboxylic acid esters referred to as "hardeners", preferably those which are derived from polyethylene glycol acetates or - propionates, in particular triethylene glycol diacetate, glycerol diacetate, glycerol triacetate, glycerol dipropionate, Glycerol tripropionate, di (methoxyethyl) phthalate, ethyl phthalyl methyl glycolate and triethyl citrate group are selected. Mixtures of the aforementioned esters can also be used.
Besonders geeignet für das Verfahren der Erfindung sind zu imprägnierende Fasern, die aus der von Celluloseacetat, Cellulose und Polypropylen gebildeten Gruppe ausgewählt sind.Particularly suitable for the process of the invention are fibers to be impregnated, which are selected from the group formed by cellulose acetate, cellulose and polypropylene.
Gemäß dem Verfahren der Erfindung können insbesondere Anhydride solcher Di- bzw. Polycarbonsäuren eingesetzt werden, die cyclische Anhydride bilden; weiterhin auch substituierte Derivate solcher Anhydride, z.B. O-Acylderivate von hydroxysubstituierten Di- bzw. Polycarbonsäureanhydriden.According to the process of the invention it is possible in particular to use anhydrides of those di- or polycarboxylic acids which form cyclic anhydrides; also substituted derivatives of such anhydrides, e.g. O-acyl derivatives of hydroxy-substituted di- or polycarboxylic anhydrides.
Bevorzugte Anhydride für das Verfahren der Erfindung sind diejenigen, die aus der von Maleinsäureanhydrid, Bernsteinsäureanhydrid, Glutarsäureanhydrid, Weinsäureanhydrid, Äpfelsäureanhydrid, Aconitsäureanhydrid sowie Citronensäureanhydrid und Acetylcitronensäureanhydrid gebildeten Gruppe ausgewählt sind. Es können auch Gemische dieser Anhydride eingesetzt werden.Preferred anhydrides for the process of the invention are those selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, tartaric anhydride, malic anhydride, aconitic anhydride and citric anhydride and acetylcitric anhydride. Mixtures of these anhydrides can also be used.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung von Maleinsäureanhydrid oder Citronensäureanhydrid bzw. des Acetylderivats desselben, die Verwendung von Celluloseacetatfasern sowie die Verwendung von Clycerin-triacetat als Lösemittel.It is particularly preferred to use maleic anhydride or citric anhydride or the acetyl derivative thereof, the use of cellulose acetate fibers and the use of clycerol triacetate as a solvent.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung kann man die mit den die gelösten Anhydride enthaltenden Lösenmitteln imprägnierten Fasern einer Umgebung mit hoher Luftfeuchte aussetzen. Dabei erfolgt die Hydrolyse der Anhydride durch Wasseraufnahme aus der Umgebung. Alternativ kann man auch die die Anhydride enthaltenden Lösemittel mit der für die Hydrolyse der Anhydride erforderlichen Menge Wasser versetzen und die erhaltene Lösung vor dem Ausfällen der Hydrolyseprodukte der Anhydride auf die Fasern aufbringen. Bei dieser Variante sollte die Faserimprägnierung unmittelbar nach dem Versetzen der Lösung mit Wasser erfolgen, um zu verhindern, daß die Ausfällung der Hydrolyseprodukte zu früh einsetzt. Die Ermittlung des hierfür zur Verfügung stehenden Zeitraums zwischen der Wasserzugabe und der Verarbeitung hängt von der Hydrolysekinetik sowie dem Mengenverhältnis von Wasser und Säureanhydrid, der Temperatur der Lösung des Säureanhydrids, der Anwesenheit von Katalysatoren und dergleichen ab, kann jedoch problemlos durch den Fachmann bestimmt werden.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fibers impregnated with the solvents containing the dissolved anhydrides can be exposed to an environment with high atmospheric humidity. The anhydrides are hydrolysed by absorption of water from the environment. Alternatively, the solvents containing the anhydrides can be mixed with the amount of water required for the hydrolysis of the anhydrides and the solution obtained applied to the fibers before the hydrolysis products of the anhydrides precipitate. At In this variant, the fiber should be impregnated immediately after the solution has been mixed with water in order to prevent the precipitation of the hydrolysis products from starting too early. The determination of the time available for this between the addition of water and the processing depends on the hydrolysis kinetics and the quantitative ratio of water and acid anhydride, the temperature of the solution of the acid anhydride, the presence of catalysts and the like, but can easily be determined by a person skilled in the art.
Ein weiterer Vorteil des Verfahrens der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, daß die Säureanhydride auch mit freien OH-Gruppen des Celluloseacetats und der Cellulose reagieren können. Dies ergibt eine besonders gute Haftung der abzuscheidenden Carbonsäuren auf den Fasern.Another advantage of the process of the invention is that the acid anhydrides can also react with free OH groups of the cellulose acetate and cellulose. This results in particularly good adhesion of the carboxylic acids to be deposited on the fibers.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred exemplary embodiments.
Ein endloser Filterstrang (Tow) aus Celluloseacetat wurde mit den folgenden Lösungen imprägniert:
- Lösung A:
9 kg Triacetin, 1 kg Maleinsäureanhydrid, 183 g H₂O - Lösung B:
8 kg Triacetin, 2 kg Maleinsäureanhydrid, 367 g H₂O - Lösung C:
7 kg Triacetin, 3 kg Maleinsäureanhydrid, 551 g H₂O - Lösung D, E, F:
Ausschließlich Triacetin zu Vergleichszwecken.
- Solution A:
9 kg triacetin, 1 kg maleic anhydride, 183 g H₂O - Solution B:
8 kg triacetin, 2 kg maleic anhydride, 367 g H₂O - Solution C:
7 kg triacetin, 3 kg maleic anhydride, 551 g H₂O - Solution D, E, F:
Triacetin only for comparison.
Zur Herstellung der obengenannten Lösungen A bis C wurde bei Umgebungstemperatur Glycerintriacetat (Triacetin) vorgelegt und langsam mit der entsprechenden Menge des Anhydrids versetzt. Nach dem Eintritt der vollständigen Lösung wurde eine äquimolare Menge an destilliertem Wasser zugeführt; das Reaktionsprodukt wurde bis zur Einphasigkeit gerührt. Die Lösungen waren für ca. 5 h gebrauchsfähig. Die erhaltenen Mischungen wurden in einen Triacetin-Voratsbehälter gegeben; es wurden gewichtsgesteuerte Filterstäbe mit den in Tabelle 1 zusammengefaßten verschiedenen Auftragskonzentrationen hergestellt.To prepare the above-mentioned solutions A to C, glycerol triacetate (triacetin) was initially introduced and the appropriate amount of the anhydride was added slowly. After the complete solution had entered, an equimolar amount of distilled water was added; the reaction product was stirred until single-phase. The solutions were usable for about 5 hours. The mixtures obtained were placed in a triacetin storage container; Weight-controlled filter rods were produced with the different application concentrations summarized in Table 1.
Der Auftrag in der Tabelle wurde als Maleinsäure berechnet, wobei eine 100%-ige Hydrolyse vorausgesetzt wurde. Die Herstellung der Filterstäbe wurde in dem angegebenen Zeitraum zügig durchgeführt, da ab einer gewissen Maleinsäurekonzentration Kristalle ausfallen, so daß keine Verarbeitung mehr möglich ist. Nach einer zu ermittelnden Lagerzeit sind die Filterstränge für die Cigarettenfabrikation gebrauchsfähig.
Aus den vorgenannten Filterstäben wurden Cigaretten gefertigt und nach DIN-Norm abgeraucht. Es wurden die in Tabelle 2 zusammengefaßten Ergebnisse erhalten:
Wie sich aus Tabelle 2 ergibt, wurde die Nicotinretention bei vergleichbaren Cigaretten um 20% erhöht. Weiterhin erkennt man, daß die Filter im "Sättigungsbereich" arbeiteten und im gewählten Behandlungsbereich keine wesentliche Konzentrationsabhängigkeit erkennbar ist. Dies bedeutet, daß je nach Aufgabenstellung auch mit wesentlich geringeren Mengen der Retentionsmittel gearbeitet werden kann.As can be seen from Table 2, the nicotine retention was increased by 20% in comparable cigarettes. It can also be seen that the filters worked in the "saturation range" and that there was no significant concentration dependence in the selected treatment range. This means that, depending on the task, it is also possible to work with considerably smaller amounts of the retention aids.
Die vorstehend erhaltenen Cigaretten wurden zusammen mit den Vergleichscigaretten einer sensorischen Prüfung unterzogen. Es ergab sich eine erniedrigte Irritation, ein unveränderter Aromacharakter und eine gleichbleibende Fülle. Die Absenkung des Nicotins im Hauptrauch ergab ein geringeres Impactempfinden.The cigarettes obtained above were subjected to a sensory test together with the comparison cigarettes. There was a reduced irritation, unchanged aroma character and a constant fullness. The lowering of nicotine in the main smoke resulted in a lower feeling of impact.
Analog zu den oben beschriebenen Lösungen A bis C wurden die folgenden Lösungen hergestellt:
- Lösung G:
8,6 kg Triacetin, 1,4 kg Acetylcitronensäureanhydrid - Lösung H:
8,9 kg Triacetin, 1,1 kg Citronensäureanhydrid - Lösung I:
9,4 kg Triacetin, 0,6 kg Citronensäureanhydrid
- Solution G:
8.6 kg triacetin, 1.4 kg acetylcitric anhydride - Solution H:
8.9 kg triacetin, 1.1 kg citric anhydride - Solution I:
9.4 kg triacetin, 0.6 kg citric anhydride
Die oben genannten Lösungen wurden auf Filterstränge aufgetragen und bei hoher Umgebungsfeuchte 2 Tage gelagert. Alternativ wurden die Lösungen mit der entsprechenden Menge destilliertem Wasser versetzt und unmittelbar auf die Filterstränge aufgetragen.The above solutions were applied to filter strands and stored for 2 days in high ambient humidity. Alternatively, the appropriate amount of distilled water was added to the solutions and applied directly to the filter strands.
Es wurden die in Tabelle 3 zusammengefaßten Filterstäbe hergestellt. Die mit den Filterstäben G bis I erhaltenen Ergebnisse beim Abrauchen nach DIN-Norm wurden in Tabelle 4 zusammengefaßt. Man erhielt in allen Fällen ein Fasermaterial mit hoher Retention für basische Bestandteile des Tabakrauchs. Der Filterstab J ist ein Vergleichsprodukt ohne Anhydridzusatz.
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3820089A DE3820089A1 (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1988-06-13 | METHOD FOR IMPREGNATING FIBERS OF A TOBACCO FUEL FILTER WITH DI- OR POLYCARBONIC ACIDS OR. ANHYDRIDES THERE |
DE3820089 | 1988-06-13 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0346648A2 true EP0346648A2 (en) | 1989-12-20 |
EP0346648A3 EP0346648A3 (en) | 1990-11-07 |
EP0346648B1 EP0346648B1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
Family
ID=6356449
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89109168A Expired - Lifetime EP0346648B1 (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1989-05-22 | Process for impregnating the fibres of a tobacco smoke filter with di- or polycarboxylic acids or their anhydrides |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5052415A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0346648B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0239873A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8903002A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3820089A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5076294A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-12-31 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filter cigarette |
US5085232A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-02-04 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette |
US5105834A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1992-04-21 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette and cigarette filter element therefor |
US5246017A (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 1993-09-21 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette and cigarette filter element therefor |
WO1997016986A1 (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-05-15 | Rhodia Acetow Ag | Filter cigarette |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0783841A4 (en) * | 1995-08-04 | 1998-08-26 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Filter medium and cigarette filter made with the use of the same |
DE19748072A1 (en) | 1997-10-30 | 1999-05-12 | Bat Cigarettenfab Gmbh | Method and device for applying substances to a filter material |
US6615842B1 (en) | 1998-02-13 | 2003-09-09 | Cerami Consulting Corp. | Methods for removing nucleophilic toxins from tobacco smoke |
DE10000519C5 (en) * | 2000-01-08 | 2004-12-02 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh | Process for the production of an acidified filter for tobacco products and their use |
BR0017258B1 (en) * | 2000-06-26 | 2011-03-22 | method and device for reducing the level of nucleophilic toxins in the air containing tobacco combustion products. | |
US20080295853A1 (en) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-12-04 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered Smoking Article |
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US2872928A (en) * | 1957-11-08 | 1959-02-10 | Comb Res Inc | Means and methods for extracting from tobacco smoke deleterious ingredients |
FR1479836A (en) * | 1965-05-14 | 1967-05-05 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Filter for cigarettes |
CH451787A (en) * | 1961-03-10 | 1968-05-15 | Rothstein Gabriel | Filter for fumes and other noxious hot gases, including tobacco smoke, and a method of making such a filter |
DE1956949A1 (en) * | 1968-11-13 | 1970-06-18 | Cigarette Components Ltd | Cigarette filters |
DE1692895A1 (en) * | 1966-08-31 | 1972-05-18 | Brinkmann Ag M | Acid-containing tobacco smoke filter body made of cellulose acetate and process for its manufacture |
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US2780228A (en) * | 1954-03-03 | 1957-02-05 | Eastman Kodak Co | Filters for tobacco smoke comprising cellulose esters and ethers |
DE1051182B (en) * | 1957-10-03 | 1959-02-19 | Zigarettenfabrik Kosmos G M B | Smoke filter bodies and process for their manufacture |
DE1300854B (en) * | 1965-05-14 | 1969-08-07 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Filters for cigarettes |
US3618619A (en) * | 1970-03-03 | 1971-11-09 | Eastman Kodak Co | Tobacco smoke filters |
-
1988
- 1988-06-13 DE DE3820089A patent/DE3820089A1/en active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-05-22 EP EP89109168A patent/EP0346648B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-22 DE DE8989109168T patent/DE58903210D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-24 US US07/356,340 patent/US5052415A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-08 BR BR898903002A patent/BR8903002A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-12 JP JP1149287A patent/JPH0239873A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2872928A (en) * | 1957-11-08 | 1959-02-10 | Comb Res Inc | Means and methods for extracting from tobacco smoke deleterious ingredients |
CH451787A (en) * | 1961-03-10 | 1968-05-15 | Rothstein Gabriel | Filter for fumes and other noxious hot gases, including tobacco smoke, and a method of making such a filter |
FR1479836A (en) * | 1965-05-14 | 1967-05-05 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Filter for cigarettes |
DE1692895A1 (en) * | 1966-08-31 | 1972-05-18 | Brinkmann Ag M | Acid-containing tobacco smoke filter body made of cellulose acetate and process for its manufacture |
DE1956949A1 (en) * | 1968-11-13 | 1970-06-18 | Cigarette Components Ltd | Cigarette filters |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5105834A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1992-04-21 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette and cigarette filter element therefor |
US5076294A (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-12-31 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filter cigarette |
US5085232A (en) * | 1990-07-12 | 1992-02-04 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette |
US5246017A (en) * | 1990-11-06 | 1993-09-21 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette and cigarette filter element therefor |
WO1997016986A1 (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1997-05-15 | Rhodia Acetow Ag | Filter cigarette |
AU701048B2 (en) * | 1995-11-09 | 1999-01-21 | Rhodia Acetow Aktiengesellschaft | Filter cigarette |
LT4447B (en) | 1995-11-09 | 1999-01-25 | Rhodia Acetow Ag | Filter cigarette |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3820089C2 (en) | 1992-01-23 |
DE3820089A1 (en) | 1989-12-14 |
EP0346648A3 (en) | 1990-11-07 |
JPH0239873A (en) | 1990-02-08 |
EP0346648B1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
BR8903002A (en) | 1990-03-06 |
US5052415A (en) | 1991-10-01 |
DE58903210D1 (en) | 1993-02-18 |
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