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EP0343091A1 - Method and devices for keeping vehicles on the road - Google Patents

Method and devices for keeping vehicles on the road Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0343091A1
EP0343091A1 EP89430011A EP89430011A EP0343091A1 EP 0343091 A1 EP0343091 A1 EP 0343091A1 EP 89430011 A EP89430011 A EP 89430011A EP 89430011 A EP89430011 A EP 89430011A EP 0343091 A1 EP0343091 A1 EP 0343091A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
road
sliding
sliding coating
vehicle
safety
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89430011A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0343091B1 (en
Inventor
Claude Pomero
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0343091A1 publication Critical patent/EP0343091A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0343091B1 publication Critical patent/EP0343091B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0492—Provisions for guiding in combination with rails, e.g. tire-gutters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/025—Combinations of at least two of the barrier member types covered by E01F15/04 - E01F15/08, e.g. rolled steel section or plastic strip backed up by cable, safety kerb topped by rail barrier
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0407—Metal rails
    • E01F15/0423—Details of rails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/04—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of longitudinal beams or rigid strips supported above ground at spaced points
    • E01F15/0453—Rails of materials other than metal or concrete, e.g. wood, plastics; Rails of different materials, e.g. rubber-faced metal profiles, concrete-filled steel tubes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/083—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
    • E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
    • E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
    • E01F15/081—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material
    • E01F15/085—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks characterised by the use of a specific material using metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E01F9/535—Kerbs or road edgings specially adapted for alerting road users
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
    • E01F9/60—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs
    • E01F9/658—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing
    • E01F9/669—Upright bodies, e.g. marker posts or bollards; Supports for road signs characterised by means for fixing for fastening to safety barriers or the like

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a method for retaining vehicles on a road and safety devices installed along roads or motorways either on the lateral part or between the two carriageways of a motorway or on the carriageway itself for signaling and protect a site.
  • a first category is that of slides or deformable safety rails in the event of impact, which generally consist of metal profiles.
  • a second category is that of safety barriers made up of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete walls which do not undergo any deformation or displacement during the impact of a vehicle.
  • a third category is that of traditional curbs which are used as wheel guards.
  • Safety barriers try to brake a sinking vehicle by absorbing its kinetic energy by deformation of the slide, but this effect is ineffective as soon as the mass and / or speed of the vehicle are high. Safety barriers are dangerous for motorcyclists hitting them.
  • Safety barriers are very effective in preventing a vehicle from accidentally leaving the road. On the other hand, they are very aggressive for the vehicle since the kinetic energy of the vehicle is absorbed by the crushing of the body. Concrete safety barriers are expensive and installation work is long. In addition, it can happen that a vehicle that hits a safety barrier turns over because the front wheels climb over the wall due to the high coefficient of friction of tires on concrete. Concrete curbs are often climbed by vehicles in distress for the same reason.
  • US patent A 2 279 942 (Hausherr) describes safety devices for motorways, the material of which is not specified. These devices have a concave side towards the road and a vertical wall at the rear. This flank and this wall delimit a space in which is housed a longitudinal reservoir which contains an oil. Wicks passing through holes in the concave flank soak in the oil and continuously pour drops of oil onto the concave flank.
  • Patent CH A 429 806 (Bucher) describes road safety devices which comprise a slide or a rail made of concrete, steel or a light metal which is connected to the supports by a damping device constituted for example by a spring or by concentric tubes easily deformable or by stirrups filled with a cellular body.
  • the rails can be combined with wheel guard edges with a concave surface.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide means which facilitate the sliding of damaged vehicles against slides or rails or safety barriers or curbs placed along roads and motorways which means are easier and less expensive to implement as lubricating liquids and are permanent.
  • the means according to the invention include laying along a road, safety devices such as barriers, curbs, rails, wooden log rails or low walls forming a continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis off the road to prevent vehicles from accidentally getting off the road.
  • safety devices such as barriers, curbs, rails, wooden log rails or low walls forming a continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis off the road to prevent vehicles from accidentally getting off the road.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a process according to which a strip of the continuous surface exposed to the shocks of vehicles is covered with a solid or pasty sliding coating having a coefficient of static friction with the rubber of less than 0.4 of such that a vehicle accidentally hitting said continuous surface slides along said strip.
  • a device comprises a strip of continuous sliding coating parallel to the road, which sliding coating is composed of a solid or pasty material having a coefficient of static friction with the rubber of less than 0.4.
  • the sliding coating is composed of polytetrafluoroethylene or of a solid silicone resin.
  • the sliding coating consists of a layer of graphite particles applied by friction against said surface exposed to impact.
  • the sliding coating is a layer of wax or paraffin composed of a solid alkane having a number of carbon atoms greater than 15.
  • the sliding coating is a paint or a grease containing particles of graphite or molybdenum sulfide.
  • the sliding coating comprises microbeads having a diameter of less than 3 mm which are fixed by a solid binder, for example by an adhesive film.
  • the invention results in new road safety devices.
  • the devices according to the invention have the following advantages: - They're permanent. - In the event of an accidental impact of a road vehicle against the safety device, the vehicle slides easily along the slippery surface, gradually losing its kinetic energy. This results in better security for the passengers of the vehicle due to the absence of crushing and / or overturning of the vehicle as well as a reduction in material damage to the vehicle.
  • the vehicle sliding along the sliding surface is guided by it and it can be replaced parallel to the road which prevents it from passing in the opposite lane of a highway or that it is returned towards the lane in which it was traveling, hence a reduced risk of violent impact with other vehicles.
  • a motorcyclist who accidentally hits a safety device according to the invention slides against the slippery surface and the severity of the injuries is less.
  • the solid or pasty sliding coatings according to the invention have the advantage of being easier to to implement, to be much less expensive to operate and to be also more aesthetic and more discreet. It is the same with respect to the known device comprising an endless belt mounted on rollers or on balls.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show an element 1 of a safety edge which is constituted by identical elements which are simply placed end to end along a road to prevent road vehicles from leaving the road.
  • This element is a profile, for example a metal profile obtained by rolling, by centering or by bending a metal sheet.
  • flank 1i which is directed towards the road and an external flank 1e which is on the side opposite the road.
  • the internal flank 1i is extended downwards by a sole 3 slightly down towards the road.
  • the internal edge 5 of the sole 3 is folded at a right angle and bears on the ground.
  • the sole 3 is connected to the internal flank 1i by a curved surface 2 whose concavity is directed towards the road.
  • the width in the transverse direction of the sole 3 varies according to the applications.
  • the sole 3 has a transverse width of the order of 20 cm so that the wheels of a running vehicle which leaves the road by making an angle of 20 ° to 30 with the axis thereof. ° are supported on the sole 3 before striking the internal flank 1i which has the advantage of limiting the lateral displacement of the edge which is held in place by the weight of the vehicle.
  • the transverse width of the sole 3 is less than approximately 10 cm so that, in the event of a vehicle impact against the edge, the vehicle tire meets the internal sidewall 1i before pressing on the sole 3.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment in which the outer flank 1e has the shape of a circular sector centered on the inner edge 5 of the sole 3. This shape allows good alignment of the outer flank despite the irregularities in the floor on which the border is laid. It is sufficient at the time of installation to align the internal ends 5 of the various elements.
  • the lower edge of the external flank may have a surface 4a which is curved upwards to facilitate the sliding of the profile on the ground or else a surface perpendicular to the ground.
  • the internal flank 1i has at its upper part a curved surface 7 whose convexity is directed upwards and towards the road, which is tangentially connected to the cylindrical surface 4 of the rear flank and to the curved surface 2 of the front flank.
  • the convex curved surface 7 carries a sliding coating 8 which is located at a distance from the ground such that the tire of a vehicle which leaves the road strikes this coating 8.
  • the coating 8 is a sheet or a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene or of solid silicone resin or graphite or any other solid material having a coefficient of static friction with the rubber of less than 0.4.
  • the edges 1 slide on the ground by absorbing part of the kinetic energy of the vehicles.
  • the front wheels which are the steered wheels, straighten by sliding against the surface and, in most cases, the impact brings the vehicle back in the direction of the axis of the roadway.
  • metal crash barriers have a coefficient of static friction with rubber greater than 0.6.
  • edge elements 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 advantageously include, at their two ends, a notch 6 which allows the passage of the bolts and tools required when fixing the elements together.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of an alternative embodiment of a border according to the invention which is composed of a curved metal profile which has a substantially horizontal sole 3 which is placed on the ground, a curved surface 2 which connects the sole with an inclined and substantially planar internal flank 1i which is tangentially connected to a cylindrical surface 7 whose convexity is directed towards the road and which carries on its convex external face a sliding coating 8.
  • FIG. 4 represents a cross section of a road safety barrier composed of a low wall 9 forming a continuous line bordering a road.
  • the wall 9 can be a concrete wall poured on site or composed of prefabricated elements placed end to end.
  • the reference 9i designates the internal flank, that is to say the one facing the road.
  • a metal profile 10 is fixed for example by bolts or by expansion plugs or for any other equivalent fixing means.
  • the profile 10 has a convex surface facing the road and this convex surface has a sliding coating 11.
  • the profile 10 and the sliding covering 11 are symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane PP ′ and the height of this plane above the ground can vary between 30 cm and 60 cm depending on whether one wishes to straighten the wheels of a vehicle after an impact against the barrier or only allow a good sliding of the vehicle body against the slippery surface.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a metal profile 12 according to the invention intended to be placed between two traffic lanes to separate them.
  • the profile 12 is preferably symmetrical relative to a longitudinal vertical plane V V ′.
  • the lower ends of the lateral flanks are extended by surfaces 16a and 16b slightly inclined downwards towards the outside, which are curved inwards to form a sole 17 placed on the ground.
  • the sliding covering 15 envelops the entire top and the upper end of the lateral flanks.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of a curb or wheel guard made of prefabricated and identical concrete elements 18 which are laid end to end along a road.
  • FIG 7 is a cross section along VII VII of Figure 6.
  • Each element 18 has a base 19 placed on the ground or on a concrete sole between a sidewalk 20 and a road surface 21 or a gutter.
  • Each element further comprises a rib 22 which has a height of the order of 10 cm and which is placed between 20 cm and 30 cm above the floor.
  • the internal face of this rib which is directed towards the roadway has a convex surface.
  • Reference 23 represents water drainage holes.
  • Such concrete wheel surrounds are known. In practice when a vehicle accidentally leaves the road, the wheel often climbs the curb and the vehicle crosses it as soon as the angle of incidence of the vehicle and / or the speed of the vehicle are high. This is due to the high coefficient of friction of the tire against the concrete which leads to good adhesion of the tire to the convex surface of the rib 22 when it strikes the latter.
  • edges 18 are equipped with a sliding coating 24 which is disposed against the convex internal face of the rib 22.
  • the sliding coating 24 allows the tire of the wheel which strikes it to slip and slide longitudinally so that for angles of incidence and / or for higher speeds of a vehicle hitting the curb there is no longer any crossing thereof but straightening of the direction.
  • the sliding coating 24 can be applied to metal profiles which are externally covered with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone or graphite and which are fixed to the concrete by adhesive or by seals.
  • the sliding coating 24 may be a layer of a solid or pasty material which is applied directly or bonded to the concrete.
  • FIGS 8 and 9 show cross sections of curbs modified according to the invention.
  • Figure 8 shows an element 25 of a curb without gutter which is prefabricated in concrete and which has been modified by the addition of a rib 26 in relief towards the road and upwards. which has a convex surface. This rib is covered with a metal profile 27 which carries a sliding coating 28.
  • FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of a sidewalk element 29 without a gutter which is prefabricated in concrete and which has also been modified by adding a rib 30 which is raised towards the road and which has a surface convex which carries a metal section 31 which is covered with a sliding coating 32.
  • the sliding coatings 28 and 32 can be bonded directly to the concrete of the border.
  • the slippery surfaces 28 and 32 fitted to curbs prevent motorists from parking their cars on the curb because the wheels of the vehicle slip on the slippery surface.
  • the sliding covering 28 or 32 can be colored yellow to indicate that parking is prohibited at this location.
  • the curbs according to Figures 8 and 9 improve the safety of pedestrians traveling on a sidewalk by preventing vehicles from accidentally or intentionally climbing onto the sidewalk.
  • Figure 10 is a cross section of another embodiment of a precast concrete edge member 33.
  • Such a border can be laid to separate a sidewalk or a lateral median 34 from a road.
  • This element comprises a bearing surface on the ground which has on the side of the road a sole 35 slightly inclined towards the road and on the side opposite the road, a thinning 36 which can serve as a center of rotation in the event of an impact from a vehicle.
  • Reference 37 represents a fixing means such as a nail, a stake, a metal profile which is planted in the ground to prevent the edge from slipping.
  • the upper part of the border element 33 has a curved surface whose convexity is directed towards the road and this curved surface is equipped with a metal profile 38 whose external face is covered with a sliding coating 39 against which abut the tires of a vehicle leaving the road.
  • FIG. 11 represents an element 40 of a precast concrete border which is symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal plane PP ′ and which is intended to be used as a central reservation delimiting two separate pavements.
  • the upper part has a rounded shape and it is equipped with a metal profile 41 covered on its external face with a sliding coating 42.
  • the sliding coatings 39 and 42 can be applied directly to the concrete.
  • FIG. 12 represents a section of a concrete safety barrier 43 having a height of the order of 80 cm.
  • a concrete safety barrier 43 having a height of the order of 80 cm.
  • Such a barrier is generally installed between the two lanes of a highway or on the edge of a busy road. It is cast in place by a sliding formwork machine.
  • the upper part of the border has the shape of an almost vertical wall 43a.
  • This low wall is capped with metal profiles in the form of a tunnel 44 which overlap like tiles and which carry on their external face a sliding coating, for example a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone.
  • the metal sections 44 are fixed to the concrete by gluing or by sealing lugs or by any other equivalent fixing means.
  • FIG. 13 represents a perspective view of an embodiment of a metal profile 44 carrying a sliding coating 45. It can be seen that this profile has at one of its ends a longitudinal notch 46 allowing the nesting of a profile in the following so that the profiles overlap each other on each side of the barrier in the direction of movement of the vehicles indicated by the arrows F.
  • the sliding coating can be glued or fixed directly to the concrete barrier 43.
  • Road safety barriers comprising one or more smooth wooden logs assembled end to end by metal parts.
  • the friction of the tires or of the body of a vehicle against the wood is high and the instantaneous forces which the wooden beams must bear at the time of an impact are therefore high.
  • One way to reduce these forces is to facilitate the sliding of the vehicle against the arm by a method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a safety barrier comprising a horizontal rail 47 made of wooden logs which are assembled end to end and mounted on wooden posts 48.
  • FIG. 15 is a horizontal section of FIG. 13 through the horizontal diametral plane of the heddle 47.
  • Figure 16 is a cross section of the rail by the XVI XVI plane.
  • Figure 17 is a cross section of an alternative embodiment.
  • the logs are assembled end to end on the side facing the road by horizontal metal sections 49a, 49b which partially overlap at the junction of two logs.
  • the logs are assembled by horizontal metal sections 50a and 50b which partially overlap at the junction of two logs. It can be seen in FIG. 15 that the ends of the logs can be cut at an angle, for example at 45 °, so that an oblique junction 51 is obtained.
  • assembly bolts 52 pass through one of the logs and the four metal sections.
  • a bolt 53 also links the posts 48 with the profile 50b.
  • the sections 49a and 49b located on the side of the road have a cross section in the shape of an arc of a circle whose radius of curvature is slightly less than the radius of the logs so that they are slightly in relief relative to the external surface of the log as seen in FIG. 16.
  • the sections 49a, 49b carry on their external face a sliding coating 54, for example a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone.
  • the sections 50a and 50b located on the side opposite the road do not carry any slippery coating. They have a radius of curvature equal to the radius of the logs.
  • the sections 50a and 50b may not extend over the entire length of the heddle and may be limited to fishplates placed astride the junctions 51.
  • Figure 17 shows an alternative embodiment in which the logs are assembled end to end by flat iron fishplates 55 placed in a horizontal groove which extends on either side of the junction between two logs.
  • the stringer has on the side of the road metal profiles 56, U-shaped, which cover the splint 55, the external face of which faces the road has a sliding coating 57 and which extend over the entire length of the heddle.
  • crash barriers comprising one or more horizontal rails formed by metal tubes which may be of circular section or of elliptical section obtained by crushing a cylindrical tube.
  • FIG. 18 represents a perspective view of a safety barrier comprising a horizontal rail 56 composed of tubes which are assembled end to end by routing or by sleeving by means of sleeves 59 engaged in the tubes and which are mounted on posts 57
  • Figure 19 is a cross section of Figure 18.
  • the metal rail has a sliding coating strip 58 which is located along the generator closest to the road.
  • the sliding coating 58 is for example a bonded layer or strip of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone or a layer of micronized graphite.
  • sliding coatings constituted by a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene, of solid silicone resin or of graphite applied to a metal support or of a strip of these materials bonded to a profile. metallic. It is specified that in all cases where this is possible the sliding coating can also be applied directly to the edges or rails or barriers of concrete or metal or of wood or plastic.
  • the invention is not limited to coatings composed of polytetrafluoroethylene or solid silicone resin.
  • the sliding coating can be composed of a paraffin wax, that is to say an alkane or a mixture of alkanes comprising a number of carbon atoms greater than 15.
  • waxes are easily meltable and can therefore be melted and applied along a stringer with a layer of molten wax which solidifies by forming a sliding film which retains its properties over time.
  • pulverulent products can be used, for example micronized graphite which can be applied by simple rubbing on the part of the heald exposed to shocks.
  • a powdery or granular product having good slip properties by incorporating it into a binder, for example flakes of graphite or molybdenum sulfide (molybdenite) incorporated in a paint or in a grease which is applied. on the part of the arm exposed to impact.
  • a binder for example flakes of graphite or molybdenum sulfide (molybdenite) incorporated in a paint or in a grease which is applied. on the part of the arm exposed to impact.
  • microbeads or microspheres for example microbeads of glass, ceramic or plastic material having a diameter of less than 3 mm which are fixed by gluing to the part of the heald which is exposed to the shocks of vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Road safety devices comprising a crash barrier made up of metal profiles 1 which are assembled end to end and which form a continuous surface parallel to the road. The inner flank 1i of the profiles has a convex surface 7 exposed to impacts and this surface carries a solid or pasty slippery coating 8 consisting, for example, of a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene or of a solid silicone resin or of a paraffin-based wax or of micronised graphite or of a layer of grease or of a paint containing particles of graphite or of molybdenum sulphide or of ballotini, of ceramic or of plastic material. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé pour retenir les véhicules sur une route et des dispositifs de sécurité implantés le long des routes ou des autoroutes soit sur la partie latérale soit entre les deux chaussées d'une autoroute soit sur la chaussée elle même pour signaler et protéger un chantier.The subject of the present invention is a method for retaining vehicles on a road and safety devices installed along roads or motorways either on the lateral part or between the two carriageways of a motorway or on the carriageway itself for signaling and protect a site.

Il existe actuellement plusieurs catégories de dispositifs de sécurité implantés le long des routes.There are currently several categories of safety devices installed along the roads.

Une première catégorie est celle des glissières ou rails de sécurité déformables en cas de choc qui sont constituées généralement par des profilés métalliques.A first category is that of slides or deformable safety rails in the event of impact, which generally consist of metal profiles.

Une deuxième catégorie est celle des barrières de sécurité constituées par des murets en béton armé ou précontraint qui ne subissent ni déformation ni déplacement lors du choc d'un véhicule.A second category is that of safety barriers made up of reinforced concrete or prestressed concrete walls which do not undergo any deformation or displacement during the impact of a vehicle.

Une troisième catégorie est celle des bordures de trottoir traditionnelles qui sont utilisées comme chasse-roues.A third category is that of traditional curbs which are used as wheel guards.

Les glissières de sécurité tentent de freiner un véhicule en perdition en absorbant son énergie cinétique par déformation de la glissière mais cet effet est peu efficace dès que la masse et/ou la vitesse du véhicule sont élevés. Les glissières de sécurité sont dangereuses pour les motocyclistes qui les heurtent.Safety barriers try to brake a sinking vehicle by absorbing its kinetic energy by deformation of the slide, but this effect is ineffective as soon as the mass and / or speed of the vehicle are high. Safety barriers are dangerous for motorcyclists hitting them.

Le frottement métal sur métal au moment du choc crée une très forte décélération et un transfert d'énergie vers la glissière qui compromet la résistance et l'efficacité de celle-ci.The metal-to-metal friction at the time of impact creates a very strong deceleration and a transfer of energy towards the slide which compromises its resistance and efficiency.

Les barrières de sécurité sont très efficaces pour éviter qu'un véhicule ne quitte accidentellement la route. Par contre elles sont très agressives pour le véhicule puisque l'énergie cinétique du véhicule se trouve absorbée par l'écrasement de la carrosserie. Les barrières de sécurité en béton sont coûteuses et les travaux de mise en place sont longs. De plus, il arrive qu'un véhicule qui heurte une barrière de sécurité se retourne du fait que les roues avant escaladent le muret par suite du coefficient de frottement élevé des pneumatiques sur le béton. Les bordures de trottoir en béton sont souvent escaladées par les véhicules en perdition pour la même raison.Safety barriers are very effective in preventing a vehicle from accidentally leaving the road. On the other hand, they are very aggressive for the vehicle since the kinetic energy of the vehicle is absorbed by the crushing of the body. Concrete safety barriers are expensive and installation work is long. In addition, it can happen that a vehicle that hits a safety barrier turns over because the front wheels climb over the wall due to the high coefficient of friction of tires on concrete. Concrete curbs are often climbed by vehicles in distress for the same reason.

Le brevet US A 3 658 300 (Templeton) décrit des dispositifs de sécurité pour autoroutes qui sont composés de profilés en acier qui comportent un ou deux flancs latéraux concaves dont le bord inférieur est prolongé par un tablier sensiblement horizontal posé sur le sol. Les tabliers comportent sur leur face arrière des ancrages qui sont enfichés dans le sol.US patent A 3,658,300 (Templeton) describes safety devices for motorways which are composed of steel sections which have one or two concave lateral flanks, the lower edge of which is extended by a substantially horizontal deck placed on the ground. The aprons have anchors which are plugged into the ground on their rear face.

La publication DE A 2 148 219 (Meuge) décrit des glissières de sécurité routières qui comportent une bande sans fin qui est reliée à un support fixe par des rouleaux verticaux ou par des billes.Publication DE A 2 148 219 (Meuge) describes road safety barriers which have an endless strip which is connected to a fixed support by vertical rollers or by balls.

Le brevet US A 3 519 249 (Mare) décrit des glissières ou rails de sécurité qui comportent un profilé en acier posé sur des potelets. Ce profilé porte sur sa face tournée vers la route une auge déformable qui contient une huile lubrifiante. En cas de choc d'un véhicule l'huile lubrifie les surfaces du véhicule et du rail qui sont en contact l'une avec l'autre ce qui facilite le glissement du véhicule contre le rail.US patent A 3,519,249 (Mare) describes slides or safety rails which include a steel profile placed on posts. This profile carries on its side facing the road a deformable trough which contains a lubricating oil. In the event of a vehicle impact, the oil lubricates the surfaces of the vehicle and of the rail which are in contact with each other, which facilitates the sliding of the vehicle against the rail.

Le brevet US A 2 279 942 (Hausherr) décrit des dispositifs de sécurité pour autoroutes dont la matière n'est pas précisée. Ces dispositifs comportent vers la route un flanc concave et, à l'arrière une paroi verticale. Ce flanc et cette paroi délimitent un espace dans lequel est logé un réservoir longitudinal qui contient une huile. Des mèches passant par des trous du flanc concave trempent dans l'huile et déversent en continu des gouttes d'huile sur le flanc concave.US patent A 2 279 942 (Hausherr) describes safety devices for motorways, the material of which is not specified. These devices have a concave side towards the road and a vertical wall at the rear. This flank and this wall delimit a space in which is housed a longitudinal reservoir which contains an oil. Wicks passing through holes in the concave flank soak in the oil and continuously pour drops of oil onto the concave flank.

Le brevet CH A 429 806 (Bucher) décrit des dispositifs de sécurité routière qui comportent une glissière ou un rail en béton, en acier ou en un métal léger qui est relié aux supports par un dispositif amortisseur constitué par exemple par un ressort ou par des tubes concentriques facilement déformables ou par des étriers remplis d'un corps cellulaire. Les rails peuvent être combinés avec des bordures chasse-roues présentant une surface concave. Ces documents antérieurs montrent qu'il est connu de lubrifier avec une huile la surface de contact entre un véhicule et des glissières afin de réduire le coefficient de frottement. Toutefois, l'utilisation d'un liquide lubrifiant, bien que connue, a reçu peu d'applications pratiques car elle entraîne des difficultés de mise en oeuvre.Patent CH A 429 806 (Bucher) describes road safety devices which comprise a slide or a rail made of concrete, steel or a light metal which is connected to the supports by a damping device constituted for example by a spring or by concentric tubes easily deformable or by stirrups filled with a cellular body. The rails can be combined with wheel guard edges with a concave surface. These prior documents show that it is known to lubricate with an oil the contact surface between a vehicle and slides in order to reduce the coefficient of friction. However, the use of a lubricating liquid, although known, has received few practical applications because it leads to implementation difficulties.

Si on utilise un réservoir et des mèches qui distribuent l'huile en permanence on aboutit à une consommation d'huile importante à moins de récupérer et de recycler celle-ci ce qui conduit à des installations onéreuses.If you use a tank and wicks that distribute the oil permanently it results in a significant oil consumption unless to recover and recycle it which leads to expensive installations.

Si l'on utilise comme cela est proposé dans le brevet US 3519249 une auge déformable située contre la face interne de la glissière, à l'endroit que les véhicules viennent heurter, cette auge en se brisant crée des aspérités qui risquent de bloquer le véhicule accidenté ce qui va à l'encontre d'un meilleur glissement et des fragments qui peuvent blesser les occupants du véhicule. De plus, la projection instantanée de l'huile à l'endroit du choc est aléatoire.If one uses, as is proposed in US Pat. No. 3,519,249, a deformable trough situated against the internal face of the slide, at the point where the vehicles come into contact, this trough, breaking, creates roughness which risks blocking the vehicle. crashed which goes against better sliding and fragments which can injure the occupants of the vehicle. In addition, the instantaneous projection of the oil at the point of impact is random.

L'objectif de la présente invention est de procurer des moyens qui facilitent le glissement des véhicules accidentés contre les glissières ou les rails ou les barrières de sécurité ou les bordures de trottoir placées le long des routes et des autoroutes lesquels moyens sont plus faciles et moins onéreux à mettre en oeuvre que des liquides lubrifiants et sont permanents.The objective of the present invention is to provide means which facilitate the sliding of damaged vehicles against slides or rails or safety barriers or curbs placed along roads and motorways which means are easier and less expensive to implement as lubricating liquids and are permanent.

Les moyens selon l'invention comportent la pose le long d'une route, de dispositifs de sécurité tels que des barrières, des bordures, des glissières, des rails de rondins de bois ou des murets formant une surface continue sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de la route afin d'éviter que les véhicules sortent accidentellement de la route.The means according to the invention include laying along a road, safety devices such as barriers, curbs, rails, wooden log rails or low walls forming a continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis off the road to prevent vehicles from accidentally getting off the road.

L'objectif de l'invention est atteint par un procédé selon lequel on recouvre une bande de la surface continue exposée aux chocs des véhicules d'un revêtement glissant solide ou pâteux ayant un coefficient de frottement statique avec le caoutchouc inférieur à 0,4 de telle sorte qu'un véhicule qui heurte accidentellement ladite surface continue glisse le long de ladite bande.The object of the invention is achieved by a process according to which a strip of the continuous surface exposed to the shocks of vehicles is covered with a solid or pasty sliding coating having a coefficient of static friction with the rubber of less than 0.4 of such that a vehicle accidentally hitting said continuous surface slides along said strip.

Un dispositif selon l'invention comporte une bande de revêtement glissant continue et parallèle à la route, lequel revêtement glissant est composé d'un matériau solide ou pâteux ayant un coefficient de frottement statique avec le caoutchouc inférieur à 0,4.A device according to the invention comprises a strip of continuous sliding coating parallel to the road, which sliding coating is composed of a solid or pasty material having a coefficient of static friction with the rubber of less than 0.4.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation le revêtement glissant est composé de polytétrafluoréthylène ou d'une résine silicone solide.According to a first embodiment, the sliding coating is composed of polytetrafluoroethylene or of a solid silicone resin.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation le revêtement glissant est constitué d'une couche de particules de graphite appliquées par frottement contre ladite surface exposée aux chocs.According to another embodiment, the sliding coating consists of a layer of graphite particles applied by friction against said surface exposed to impact.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation le revêtement glissant est une couche de cire ou de paraffine composée d'un alcane solide ayant un nombre d'atomes de carbone supérieur à 15.According to another embodiment, the sliding coating is a layer of wax or paraffin composed of a solid alkane having a number of carbon atoms greater than 15.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation le revêtement glissant est une peinture ou une graisse contenant des particules de graphite ou de sulfure de molybdène.According to another embodiment, the sliding coating is a paint or a grease containing particles of graphite or molybdenum sulfide.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation le revêtement glissant comporte des microbilles ayant un diamètre inférieur à 3 mm qui fixées par un liant solide, par exemple par un film de colle.According to another embodiment, the sliding coating comprises microbeads having a diameter of less than 3 mm which are fixed by a solid binder, for example by an adhesive film.

L'invention a pour résultat de nouveaux dispositifs de sécurité routiers.The invention results in new road safety devices.

Les dispositifs selon l'invention présentent les avantages suivants :
- Ils sont permanents.
- En cas de choc accidentel d'un véhicule routier contre le dispositif de sécurité, le véhicule glisse facilement le long du revêtement glissant en perdant progressivement son énergie cinétique. Il en résulte une meilleure sécurité pour les passagers du véhicule due à l'absence d'écrasement et/ou de retournement du véhicule ainsi qu'une diminution des dégâts matériels pour le véhicule.The devices according to the invention have the following advantages:
- They're permanent.
- In the event of an accidental impact of a road vehicle against the safety device, the vehicle slides easily along the slippery surface, gradually losing its kinetic energy. This results in better security for the passengers of the vehicle due to the absence of crushing and / or overturning of the vehicle as well as a reduction in material damage to the vehicle.

De plus, le véhicule qui glisse le long du revêtement glissant est guidé par celui-ci et il peut se replacer parallèlement à la route ce qui évite qu'il passe dans la voie de sens opposé d'une autoroute ou qu'il soit renvoyé vers la voie dans laquelle il circulait d'où une diminution des risques de choc violent avec les autres véhicules.In addition, the vehicle sliding along the sliding surface is guided by it and it can be replaced parallel to the road which prevents it from passing in the opposite lane of a highway or that it is returned towards the lane in which it was traveling, hence a reduced risk of violent impact with other vehicles.

Un motocycliste qui heurte accidentellement un dispositif de sécurité selon l'invention, glisse contre le revêtement glissant et la gravité des blessures est moindre.A motorcyclist who accidentally hits a safety device according to the invention, slides against the slippery surface and the severity of the injuries is less.

Par rapport aux dispositifs connus comportant des moyens pour appliquer un lubrifiant liquide sur la surface exposée au choc soit au moment d'un choc soit en permanence, les revêtements glissants solides ou pâteux selon l'invention présentent l'avantage d'être plus faciles à mettre en oeuvre, d'être beaucoup moins onéreux à exploiter et d'être également plus esthétiques et plus discrets. Il en est de même par rapport au dispositif connu comportant une bande sans fin montée sur des rouleaux ou sur des billes.Compared to known devices comprising means for applying a liquid lubricant to the surface exposed to the shock either at the time of an impact or permanently, the solid or pasty sliding coatings according to the invention have the advantage of being easier to to implement, to be much less expensive to operate and to be also more aesthetic and more discreet. It is the same with respect to the known device comprising an endless belt mounted on rollers or on balls.

La description suivante se réfère aux dessins annexés qui représentent, sans aucun caractère limitatif, des exemples de réalisation de dispositifs selon l'invention.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un tronçon de profilé métallique utilisé comme glissière de sécurité le long d'une route.
  • La figure 2 est une coupe transversale selon II II du profilé de la figure 1.
  • La figure 3 est une coupe transversale d'une variante de réalisation d'un profilé métallique utilisé comme glissière de sécurité.
  • La figure 4 représente une coupe transversale d'un muret de sécurité portant un revêtement glissant.
  • La figure 5 est une coupe transversale d'un profilé métallique utilisé pour construire une glissière de sécurité séparant deux voies de circulation.
  • La figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une bordure de trottoir selon l'invention.
  • La figure 7 est une coupe transversale selon VII VII de la figure 6.
  • Les figure 8 et 9 sont des coupes transversales de variantes de réalisation de bordures de trottoir selon l'invention.
  • La figure 10 est une coupe transversale d'un autre mode de réalisation d'une bordure en béton.
  • La figure 11 est une coupe transversale d'une bordure en béton placée entre deux voies de circulation.
  • La figure 12 est une vue en perspective d'un tronçon de barrière de sécurité en béton coulée sur place ou préfabriquée.
  • La figure 13 est une vue en perspective de l'un des profilés métalliques équipant une barrière selon la figure 12.
  • Les figures 14 et 15 sont une vue en perspective et une coupe horizontale d'une glissière de sécurité routière en bois.
  • Les figures 16 et 17 sont des coupes transversales selon XV XV de la figure 15.
  • La figure 18 est une vue en perspective d'une glissière de sécurité routière en tubes métalliques.
  • La figure 19 est une coupe transversale selon XIX XIX de la figure 18.
The following description refers to the appended drawings which represent, without any limiting nature, exemplary embodiments of devices according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a section of metal profile used as a safety barrier along a road.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section along II II of the profile of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross section of an alternative embodiment of a metal profile used as a guardrail.
  • Figure 4 shows a cross section of a safety wall with a sliding covering.
  • Figure 5 is a cross section of a metal profile used to build a crash barrier separating two traffic lanes.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of a sidewalk edge according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross section along VII VII of FIG. 6.
  • Figures 8 and 9 are cross sections of alternative embodiments of curbs according to the invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross section of another embodiment of a concrete border.
  • Figure 11 is a cross section of a concrete border placed between two traffic lanes.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a section of safety barrier made of concrete poured on site or prefabricated.
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of one of the metal sections fitted to a barrier according to FIG. 12.
  • Figures 14 and 15 are a perspective view and a horizontal section of a wooden road safety barrier.
  • Figures 16 and 17 are cross sections along XV XV of Figure 15.
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view of a road safety barrier made of metal tubes.
  • Figure 19 is a cross section along XIX XIX of Figure 18.

Les figures 1 et 2 représentent un élément 1 d'une bordure de sécurité qui est constituée par des éléments identiques qui sont simplement posés bout à bout le long d'une route pour éviter que les véhicules routiers ne quittent la route.Figures 1 and 2 show an element 1 of a safety edge which is constituted by identical elements which are simply placed end to end along a road to prevent road vehicles from leaving the road.

Cet élément est un profilé, par exemple un profilé métallique obtenu par laminage, par centrage ou par pliage d'une tôle métallique.This element is a profile, for example a metal profile obtained by rolling, by centering or by bending a metal sheet.

Il comporte deux flancs latéraux : un flanc interne 1i qui est dirigé vers la route et un flanc externe 1e qui se trouve du côté opposé à la route.It has two lateral flanks: an internal flank 1i which is directed towards the road and an external flank 1e which is on the side opposite the road.

Le flanc interne 1i est prolongé vers le bas par une semelle 3 légèrement en descendant vers la route.The internal flank 1i is extended downwards by a sole 3 slightly down towards the road.

Le bord interne 5 de la semelle 3 est pliée à angle droit et prend appui sur le sol.The internal edge 5 of the sole 3 is folded at a right angle and bears on the ground.

La semelle 3 est raccordée au flanc interne 1i par une surface courbe 2 dont la concavité est dirigée vers la route.The sole 3 is connected to the internal flank 1i by a curved surface 2 whose concavity is directed towards the road.

La largeur dans le sens transversal de la semelle 3 varie selon les applications.The width in the transverse direction of the sole 3 varies according to the applications.

Selon un mode de réalisation la semelle 3 a une largeur transversale de l'ordre de 20 cm de sorte que les roues d'un véhicule courant qui quitte la route en faisant avec l'axe de celle-ci un angle de 20° à 30° s'appuient sur la semelle 3 avant de heurter le flanc interne 1i ce qui à l'avantage de limiter le déplacement latéral de la bordure qui est maintenue en place par le poids du véhicule.According to one embodiment, the sole 3 has a transverse width of the order of 20 cm so that the wheels of a running vehicle which leaves the road by making an angle of 20 ° to 30 with the axis thereof. ° are supported on the sole 3 before striking the internal flank 1i which has the advantage of limiting the lateral displacement of the edge which is held in place by the weight of the vehicle.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation la largeur transversale de la semelle 3 est inférieure à 10 cm environ de sorte qu'en cas de choc d'un véhicule contre la bordure le pneumatique du véhicule rencontre le flanc interne 1i avant de s'appuyer sur la semelle 3.According to another embodiment, the transverse width of the sole 3 is less than approximately 10 cm so that, in the event of a vehicle impact against the edge, the vehicle tire meets the internal sidewall 1i before pressing on the sole 3.

Les figures 1 et 2 représentent un mode de réalisation préférentiel dans lequel le flanc externe 1e présente la forme d'un secteur circulaire centré sur le bord interne 5 de la semelle 3. Cette forme permet d'obtenir un bon alignement du flanc externe malgré les irrégularités du sol sur lequel la bordure est posée. Il suffit au moment de la pose d'aligner les extrémités internes 5 des divers éléments.Figures 1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment in which the outer flank 1e has the shape of a circular sector centered on the inner edge 5 of the sole 3. This shape allows good alignment of the outer flank despite the irregularities in the floor on which the border is laid. It is sufficient at the time of installation to align the internal ends 5 of the various elements.

Le bord inférieur du flanc externe peut présenter une surface 4a qui est courbée vers le haut pour faciliter le glissement du profilé sur le sol ou bien une surface perpendiculaire au sol.The lower edge of the external flank may have a surface 4a which is curved upwards to facilitate the sliding of the profile on the ground or else a surface perpendicular to the ground.

Le flanc interne 1i présente à sa partie supérieure une surface courbe 7 dont la convexité est dirigée vers le haut et vers la route, qui se raccorde tangentiellement à la surface cylindrique 4 du flanc arrière et à la surface courbe 2 du flanc avant. La surface courbe convexe 7 porte un revêtement glissant 8 qui est situé à une distance du sol telle que le pneumatique d'un véhicule qui quitte la route vienne heurter ce revêtement 8.The internal flank 1i has at its upper part a curved surface 7 whose convexity is directed upwards and towards the road, which is tangentially connected to the cylindrical surface 4 of the rear flank and to the curved surface 2 of the front flank. The convex curved surface 7 carries a sliding coating 8 which is located at a distance from the ground such that the tire of a vehicle which leaves the road strikes this coating 8.

Selon un mode de réalisation le revêtement 8 est une feuille ou une couche de polytétrafluoréthylène ou de résine de silicone solide ou de graphite ou de toute autre matériau solide ayant un coefficient de frottement statique avec le caoutchouc inférieur à 0,4.According to one embodiment, the coating 8 is a sheet or a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene or of solid silicone resin or graphite or any other solid material having a coefficient of static friction with the rubber of less than 0.4.

Ainsi lorsqu'un véhicule quitte accidentellement la route et vient heurter la bordure 1, les roues sont redressées puis elles glissent le long du revêtement 8. Il en résulte que les roues du véhicule ne risquent pas d'escalader la bordure.Thus, when a vehicle accidentally leaves the road and hits the edge 1, the wheels are straightened and then they slide along the surface 8. As a result, the wheels of the vehicle do not risk climbing the edge.

De plus, les bordures 1 glissent sur le sol en absorbant une partie de l'énergie cinétique du véhicules. Enfin les roues avant qui sont les roues directrices, se redressent en glissant contre le revêtement et, dans la majorité des cas, le choc ramène le véhicule dans la direction de l'axe de la chaussée.In addition, the edges 1 slide on the ground by absorbing part of the kinetic energy of the vehicles. Finally, the front wheels, which are the steered wheels, straighten by sliding against the surface and, in most cases, the impact brings the vehicle back in the direction of the axis of the roadway.

A titre de comparaison les glissières de sécurité métalliques ont un coefficient de frottement statique avec le caoutchouc supérieur à 0,6.For comparison, metal crash barriers have a coefficient of static friction with rubber greater than 0.6.

Les éléments de bordure 1 représentés sur les figures 1 et 2 comportent avantageusement, à leurs deux extrémités, une encoche 6 qui permet le passage des boulons et des outils nécessaires lors de la fixation des éléments entre eux.The edge elements 1 shown in Figures 1 and 2 advantageously include, at their two ends, a notch 6 which allows the passage of the bolts and tools required when fixing the elements together.

La figure 3 représente une coupe transversale d'une variante de réalisation d'une bordure selon l'invention qui est composée d'un profilé métallique cintré lequel comporte une semelle 3 sensiblement horizontale qui est posée sur le sol, une surface courbe 2 qui relie la semelle à un flanc interne 1i incliné et sensiblement plan lequel se raccorde tangentiellement à une surface cylindrique 7 dont la convexité est dirigée vers la route et qui porte sur sa face externe convexe un revêtement glissant 8.3 shows a cross section of an alternative embodiment of a border according to the invention which is composed of a curved metal profile which has a substantially horizontal sole 3 which is placed on the ground, a curved surface 2 which connects the sole with an inclined and substantially planar internal flank 1i which is tangentially connected to a cylindrical surface 7 whose convexity is directed towards the road and which carries on its convex external face a sliding coating 8.

Les parties homologues sont représentée par les mêmes repères sur les figures 2 et 3.The homologous parts are represented by the same references in FIGS. 2 and 3.

La figure 4 représente une coupe transversale d'une barrière de sécurité routière composée d'un muret 9 formant une ligne continue bordant une route.FIG. 4 represents a cross section of a road safety barrier composed of a low wall 9 forming a continuous line bordering a road.

Le muret 9 peut être un muret en béton coulé sur place ou composé d'éléments préfabriqués posés bout à bout. Le repère 9i désigne le flanc interne c'est-à-dire celui qui est dirigé vers la route.The wall 9 can be a concrete wall poured on site or composed of prefabricated elements placed end to end. The reference 9i designates the internal flank, that is to say the one facing the road.

Sur le flanc interne un profilé métallique 10 est fixé par exemple par des boulons ou par des chevilles à expansion ou pour tout autre moyen de fixation équivalent. Le profilé 10 comporte une surface convexe dirigée vers la route et cette surface convexe porte un revêtement glissant 11.On the internal flank a metal profile 10 is fixed for example by bolts or by expansion plugs or for any other equivalent fixing means. The profile 10 has a convex surface facing the road and this convex surface has a sliding coating 11.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel le profilé 10 et le revêtement glissant 11 sont symétriques par rapport à un plan horizontal PP′ et la hauteur de ce plan au-dessus du sol peut varier entre 30 cm et 60 cm selon que l'on souhaite redresser les roues d'un véhicule après un choc contre la barrière ou seulement permettre un bon glissement de la carrosserie du véhicule contre le revêtement glissant.According to a preferred embodiment the profile 10 and the sliding covering 11 are symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane PP ′ and the height of this plane above the ground can vary between 30 cm and 60 cm depending on whether one wishes to straighten the wheels of a vehicle after an impact against the barrier or only allow a good sliding of the vehicle body against the slippery surface.

La figure 5 représente une coupe transversale d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un profilé métallique 12 selon l'invention destiné à être placé entre deux voies de circulation pour séparer celles-ci.5 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a metal profile 12 according to the invention intended to be placed between two traffic lanes to separate them.

Le profilé 12 est de préférence symétrique par rapport à un plan vertical longitudinal V V′.The profile 12 is preferably symmetrical relative to a longitudinal vertical plane V V ′.

Il comporte deux flancs latéraux 13a et 13b dont les extrémité supérieures sont raccordées à une surface cylindrique 14 qui porte sur sa face externe un revêtement glissant 15.It has two lateral flanks 13a and 13b, the upper ends of which are connected to a cylindrical surface 14 which carries a sliding coating 15 on its external face.

Les extrémités inférieures des flancs latéraux sont prolongées par des surfaces 16a et 16b légèrement inclinées en descendant vers l'extérieur, lesquelles sont recourbées vers l'intérieur pour former une semelle 17 posée sur le sol. Dans ce mode de réalisation le revêtement glissant 15 enveloppe tout le sommet et l'extrémité supérieure des flancs latéraux.The lower ends of the lateral flanks are extended by surfaces 16a and 16b slightly inclined downwards towards the outside, which are curved inwards to form a sole 17 placed on the ground. In this embodiment, the sliding covering 15 envelops the entire top and the upper end of the lateral flanks.

La figure 6 est une vue en perspective d'une bordure ou glissière chasse-roue composée d'éléments en béton préfabriqués et identiques 18 qui sont posés bout à bout le long d'une route.Figure 6 is a perspective view of a curb or wheel guard made of prefabricated and identical concrete elements 18 which are laid end to end along a road.

La figure 7 est une coupe transversale selon VII VII de la figure 6. Chaque éléments 18 comporte un socle 19 posé sur le sol ou sur une semelle en béton entre un trottoir 20 et un revêtement routier 21 ou un caniveau.Figure 7 is a cross section along VII VII of Figure 6. Each element 18 has a base 19 placed on the ground or on a concrete sole between a sidewalk 20 and a road surface 21 or a gutter.

Chaque élément comporte en outre une nervure 22 qui a une hauteur de l'ordre de 10 cm et qui est placée entre 20 cm et 30 cm au-­dessus de la chaussée. La face interne de cette nervure qui est dirigée vers la chaussée présente une surface convexe. Le repère 23 représente des trous d'évacuation d'eau. De telles bordures chasse-­roues en béton sont connues. Dans la pratique lorsqu'un véhicule quitte accidentellement la route, la roue escalade souvent la bordure et le véhicule franchit celle-ci dès que l'angle d'incidence du véhicule et/ou la vitesse du véhicule sont élevés. Ceci est dû au coefficient de frottement élevé du pneumatique contre le béton qui conduit à une bonne adhérence du pneumatique sur la surface convexe de la nervure 22 lorsqu'il heurte celle-ci.Each element further comprises a rib 22 which has a height of the order of 10 cm and which is placed between 20 cm and 30 cm above the floor. The internal face of this rib which is directed towards the roadway has a convex surface. Reference 23 represents water drainage holes. Such concrete wheel surrounds are known. In practice when a vehicle accidentally leaves the road, the wheel often climbs the curb and the vehicle crosses it as soon as the angle of incidence of the vehicle and / or the speed of the vehicle are high. This is due to the high coefficient of friction of the tire against the concrete which leads to good adhesion of the tire to the convex surface of the rib 22 when it strikes the latter.

Selon la présente invention les bordures 18 sont équipées d'un revêtement glissant 24 qui est disposé contre la face interne convexe de la nervure 22. Le revêtement glissant 24 permet que le pneumatique de la roue qui le heurte patine et glisse longitudinalement de sorte que pour des angles d'incidence et/ou pour des vitesses plus élevées d'un véhicule percutant la bordure il n'y a plus de franchissement de celle-ci mais redressement de la direction.According to the present invention the edges 18 are equipped with a sliding coating 24 which is disposed against the convex internal face of the rib 22. The sliding coating 24 allows the tire of the wheel which strikes it to slip and slide longitudinally so that for angles of incidence and / or for higher speeds of a vehicle hitting the curb there is no longer any crossing thereof but straightening of the direction.

Le revêtement glissant 24 peut être appliqué sur des profilés métalliques qui sont recouverts extérieurement d'une couche de polytétrafluoréthylène ou de silicone ou de graphite et qui sont fixés au béton par collage ou par des scellements.The sliding coating 24 can be applied to metal profiles which are externally covered with a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone or graphite and which are fixed to the concrete by adhesive or by seals.

En variante le revêtement glissant 24 peut être une couche d'un matériau solide ou pâteux qui est appliqué directement ou collé sur le béton.As a variant, the sliding coating 24 may be a layer of a solid or pasty material which is applied directly or bonded to the concrete.

Les figures 8 et 9 représentent des coupes transversales de bordures de trottoir modifiées selon l'invention.Figures 8 and 9 show cross sections of curbs modified according to the invention.

On a représenté en pointillés sur ces figures le contour des bordures traditionnelles.The outline of the traditional borders has been shown in dotted lines in these figures.

La figure 8 représente un élément 25 d'une bordure de trottoir sans caniveau qui est préfabriquée en béton et qui a été modifiée par adjonction d'une nervure 26 en relief vers la route et vers le haut qui présente une surface convexe. Cette nervure est recouverte d'un profilé métallique 27 qui porte un revêtement glissant 28.Figure 8 shows an element 25 of a curb without gutter which is prefabricated in concrete and which has been modified by the addition of a rib 26 in relief towards the road and upwards. which has a convex surface. This rib is covered with a metal profile 27 which carries a sliding coating 28.

La figure 9 représente un autre mode de réalisation d'un élément 29 de bordure de trottoir sans caniveau qui est préfabriqué en béton et qui a été modifié également par adjonction d'une nervure 30 qui est en relief vers la route et qui présente une surface convexe laquelle porte un profilé métallique 31 qui est recouvert d'un revêtement glissant 32. En variante les revêtements glissants 28 et 32 peuvent être collés directement sur le béton de la bordure.FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of a sidewalk element 29 without a gutter which is prefabricated in concrete and which has also been modified by adding a rib 30 which is raised towards the road and which has a surface convex which carries a metal section 31 which is covered with a sliding coating 32. As a variant, the sliding coatings 28 and 32 can be bonded directly to the concrete of the border.

Les revêtements glissants 28 et 32 équipant des bordures de trottoir empêchent les automobilistes de garer leur voiture sur le trottoir car les roues du véhicule patinent sur le revêtement glissant. Avantageusement le revêtement glissant 28 ou 32 peut être coloré en jaune pour indiquer que le stationnement est interdit à cet endroit.The slippery surfaces 28 and 32 fitted to curbs prevent motorists from parking their cars on the curb because the wheels of the vehicle slip on the slippery surface. Advantageously, the sliding covering 28 or 32 can be colored yellow to indicate that parking is prohibited at this location.

Les bordures selon les figures 8 et 9 améliorent la sécurité des piétons qui circulent sur un trottoir en empêchant les véhicules de monter accidentellement ou volontairement sur le trottoir.The curbs according to Figures 8 and 9 improve the safety of pedestrians traveling on a sidewalk by preventing vehicles from accidentally or intentionally climbing onto the sidewalk.

La figure 10 est une coupe transversale d'un autre mode de réalisation d'un élément 33 de bordure préfabriquée en béton.Figure 10 is a cross section of another embodiment of a precast concrete edge member 33.

Une telle bordure peut être posée pour séparer un trottoir ou un terre-plein latéral 34 d'une route.Such a border can be laid to separate a sidewalk or a lateral median 34 from a road.

Cet élément comporte une surface d'appui au sol qui présente du côté de la route une semelle 35 légèrement inclinée vers la route et du côté opposé à la route, un amincissement 36 qui peut servir de centre de rotation en cas de choc d'un véhicule. Le repère 37 représente un moyen de fixation tel qu'un clou, un piquet, un profilé métallique qui est planté dans le sol pour empêcher la bordure de glisser.This element comprises a bearing surface on the ground which has on the side of the road a sole 35 slightly inclined towards the road and on the side opposite the road, a thinning 36 which can serve as a center of rotation in the event of an impact from a vehicle. Reference 37 represents a fixing means such as a nail, a stake, a metal profile which is planted in the ground to prevent the edge from slipping.

La partie supérieure de l'élément de bordure 33 présente une surface courbe dont la convexité est dirigée vers la route et cette surface courbée est équipée d'un profilé métallique 38 dont la face externe est recouverte d'un revêtement glissant 39 contre lequel viennent buter les pneumatiques d'un véhicule qui quitte la route.The upper part of the border element 33 has a curved surface whose convexity is directed towards the road and this curved surface is equipped with a metal profile 38 whose external face is covered with a sliding coating 39 against which abut the tires of a vehicle leaving the road.

La figure 11 représente un élément 40 d'une bordure préfabriquée en béton qui est symétrique par rapport à un plan longitudinal PP′ et qui est destiné à être utilisé comme terre-plein central délimitant deux chaussées séparées. La partie supérieure présente une forme arrondie et elle est équipée d'un profilé métallique 41 recouvert sur sa face externe d'un revêtement glissant 42.FIG. 11 represents an element 40 of a precast concrete border which is symmetrical with respect to a longitudinal plane PP ′ and which is intended to be used as a central reservation delimiting two separate pavements. The upper part has a rounded shape and it is equipped with a metal profile 41 covered on its external face with a sliding coating 42.

En variante les revêtements glissants 39 et 42 peuvent être appliqués directement sur le béton.As a variant, the sliding coatings 39 and 42 can be applied directly to the concrete.

La figure 12 représente un tronçon d'une barrière de sécurité en béton 43 ayant une hauteur de l'ordre de 80 cm. Une telle barrière est implantée généralement entre les deux voies d'une autoroute ou en bordure d'une route à grande circulation. Elle est coulée en place par une machine à coffrage glissant. La partie supérieure de la bordure a la forme d'un muret presque vertical 43a. Ce muret est coiffé de profilés métalliques en forme de tunnel 44 qui se recouvrent comme des tuiles et qui portent sur leur face externe un revêtement glissant par exemple un revêtement en polytétrafluoréthylène ou en silicone. Les profilés métalliques 44 sont fixées au béton par collage ou par des pattes de scellement ou par tout autre moyen de fixation équivalent.FIG. 12 represents a section of a concrete safety barrier 43 having a height of the order of 80 cm. Such a barrier is generally installed between the two lanes of a highway or on the edge of a busy road. It is cast in place by a sliding formwork machine. The upper part of the border has the shape of an almost vertical wall 43a. This low wall is capped with metal profiles in the form of a tunnel 44 which overlap like tiles and which carry on their external face a sliding coating, for example a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone. The metal sections 44 are fixed to the concrete by gluing or by sealing lugs or by any other equivalent fixing means.

La figure 13 représente une vue en perspective d'un mode de réalisation d'un profilé métallique 44 portant un revêtement glissant 45. On voit que ce profilé comporte à l'une de ses extrémités une encoche longitudinale 46 permettant l'imbrication d'un profilé dans le suivant de manière que les profilés se recouvrent mutuellement de chaque côté de la barrière dans le sens de circulation des véhicules indiqué par les flèches F. En variante le revêtement glissant peut être collé ou fixé directement sur la barrière en béton 43.FIG. 13 represents a perspective view of an embodiment of a metal profile 44 carrying a sliding coating 45. It can be seen that this profile has at one of its ends a longitudinal notch 46 allowing the nesting of a profile in the following so that the profiles overlap each other on each side of the barrier in the direction of movement of the vehicles indicated by the arrows F. As a variant, the sliding coating can be glued or fixed directly to the concrete barrier 43.

On connait des glissières de sécurité routières comportant une ou plusieurs lisses en rondins de bois assemblés bout à bout par des pièces métalliques. Cependant le frottement des pneumatiques ou de la carrosserie d'un véhicule contre le bois est élevé et les efforts instantanés que doivent supporter les lisses en bois au moment d'un choc sont donc élevés. Un moyen pour réduire ces efforts est de faciliter le glissement du véhicule contre la lisse par un procédé selon la présente invention.Road safety barriers are known comprising one or more smooth wooden logs assembled end to end by metal parts. However, the friction of the tires or of the body of a vehicle against the wood is high and the instantaneous forces which the wooden beams must bear at the time of an impact are therefore high. One way to reduce these forces is to facilitate the sliding of the vehicle against the arm by a method according to the present invention.

La figure 14 est une vue en perspective d'une glissière de sécurité comportant une lisse horizontale 47 en rondins de bois qui sont assemblés bout à bout et montés sur des poteaux en bois 48.FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a safety barrier comprising a horizontal rail 47 made of wooden logs which are assembled end to end and mounted on wooden posts 48.

La figure 15 est une coupe horizontale de la figure 13 par le plan diamétral horizontal de la lisse 47.FIG. 15 is a horizontal section of FIG. 13 through the horizontal diametral plane of the heddle 47.

La figure 16 est une coupe transversale de la lisse par le plan XVI XVI.Figure 16 is a cross section of the rail by the XVI XVI plane.

La figure 17 est une coupe transversale d'une variante de réalisation.Figure 17 is a cross section of an alternative embodiment.

On voit sur ces figures que les rondins sont assemblés bout à bout du côté dirigé vers la route par des profilés métalliques horizontaux 49a, 49b qui se recouvrent partiellement à l'endroit de la jonction de deux rondins. De même du côté opposé à la route les rondins sont assemblés par des profilés métalliques horizontaux 50a et 50b qui se recouvrent partiellement à l'endroit de la jonction de deux rondins. On voit sur la figure 15 que les extrémités des rondins peuvent être taillées en biais, par exemple à 45°, de sorte que l'on obtient une jonction oblique 51.We see in these figures that the logs are assembled end to end on the side facing the road by horizontal metal sections 49a, 49b which partially overlap at the junction of two logs. Likewise, on the side opposite the road, the logs are assembled by horizontal metal sections 50a and 50b which partially overlap at the junction of two logs. It can be seen in FIG. 15 that the ends of the logs can be cut at an angle, for example at 45 °, so that an oblique junction 51 is obtained.

Grâce aux jonctions en biais 51 une partie des efforts qui s'appliquent à un rondin au moment du choc d'un véhicule se transmettent aux rondins voisins.Thanks to the oblique junctions 51, part of the forces which apply to a log at the time of the impact of a vehicle are transmitted to the neighboring logs.

A l'endroit de la jonction où les profilés 49a et 49b d'une part et 50a et 50b d'autre part se recouvrent, des boulons d'assemblage 52 traversent l'un des rondins et les quatre profilés métalliques. Un boulon 53 lie également le poteaux 48 avec le profilé 50b.At the location of the junction where the sections 49a and 49b on the one hand and 50a and 50b on the other hand overlap, assembly bolts 52 pass through one of the logs and the four metal sections. A bolt 53 also links the posts 48 with the profile 50b.

Selon la présente invention les profilés 49a et 49b situés du côté de la route ont une section transversale en forme d'arc de cercle dont le rayon de courbure est légèrement inférieur au rayon des rondins de sorte qu'ils sont légèrement en relief par rapport à la surface externe du rondin comme on le voit sur la figure 16. Les profilés 49a, 49b portent sur leur face externe un revêtement glissant 54, par exemple un revêtement en polytétrafluoréthylène ou en silicone.According to the present invention the sections 49a and 49b located on the side of the road have a cross section in the shape of an arc of a circle whose radius of curvature is slightly less than the radius of the logs so that they are slightly in relief relative to the external surface of the log as seen in FIG. 16. The sections 49a, 49b carry on their external face a sliding coating 54, for example a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone.

Par contre les profilés 50a et 50b situés du côté opposé à la route ne portent aucun revêtement glissant. Ils ont un rayon de courbure égal au rayon des rondins. Les profilés 50a et 50b peuvent ne pas s'étendre sur toute la longueur de la lisse et être limités à des éclisses placées à cheval sur les jonctions 51.On the other hand, the sections 50a and 50b located on the side opposite the road do not carry any slippery coating. They have a radius of curvature equal to the radius of the logs. The sections 50a and 50b may not extend over the entire length of the heddle and may be limited to fishplates placed astride the junctions 51.

La figure 17 montre une variante de réalisation dans lequel les rondins sont assemblés bout à bout par des éclisses en fer plat 55 placées dans une rainure horizontale qui s'étend de part et d'autre de la jonction entre deux rondins. Dans ce mode de réalisation la lisse comporte du côté de la route des profilés métalliques 56, en forme de U, qui coiffent les éclissent 55, dont la face externe dirigée vers la route porte un revêtement glissant 57 et qui s'étendent sur toute la longueur de la lisse.Figure 17 shows an alternative embodiment in which the logs are assembled end to end by flat iron fishplates 55 placed in a horizontal groove which extends on either side of the junction between two logs. In this embodiment the stringer has on the side of the road metal profiles 56, U-shaped, which cover the splint 55, the external face of which faces the road has a sliding coating 57 and which extend over the entire length of the heddle.

On peut également construire des glissières de sécurité comportant une ou plusieurs lisses horizontales constituées par des tubes métalliques qui peuvent être de section circulaire ou de section élliptique obtenue par écrasement d'un tube cylindrique.It is also possible to construct crash barriers comprising one or more horizontal rails formed by metal tubes which may be of circular section or of elliptical section obtained by crushing a cylindrical tube.

La figure 18 représente une vue en perspective d'une glissière de sécurité comportant une lisse horizontale 56 composée de tubes qui sont assemblés bout à bout par soyage ou par manchonnage au moyen de manchons 59 engagés dans les tubes et qui sont montés sur des potelets 57. La figure 19 est une coupe transversale de la figure 18.FIG. 18 represents a perspective view of a safety barrier comprising a horizontal rail 56 composed of tubes which are assembled end to end by routing or by sleeving by means of sleeves 59 engaged in the tubes and which are mounted on posts 57 Figure 19 is a cross section of Figure 18.

On voit sur ces deux figures que la lisse métallique comporte une bande de revêtement glissant 58 qui est située le long de la génératrice la plus voisine de la route. Le revêtement glissant 58 est par exemple une couche ou une bande collée de polytétrafluoréthylène ou de silicone ou une couche de graphite micronisé.We see in these two figures that the metal rail has a sliding coating strip 58 which is located along the generator closest to the road. The sliding coating 58 is for example a bonded layer or strip of polytetrafluoroethylene or silicone or a layer of micronized graphite.

La très grande résistance à la flexion et à la torsion des tubes métalliques jointe à la glissance due au revêtement glissant 58 permettent d'obtenir un guidage efficace des véhicules en perdition.The very high resistance to bending and twisting of the metal tubes combined with the slippage due to the sliding coating 58 allow effective guidance of vehicles in distress.

Ce guidage sera d'autant meilleur que les roues du véhicule auront été redressées au moment du choc sur le revêtement glissant et continueront de s'appuyer sur le revêtement en glissant le long de celui-ci.This guidance will be all the better as the wheels of the vehicle will have been straightened at the time of the impact on the sliding surface and will continue to be supported on the surface by sliding along it.

Dans la description qui précède, on a cité à titre d'exemple préférentiel des revêtements glissants constitués par une couche de polytétrafluoréthylène, de résine de silicone solide ou de graphite appliquée sur un support métallique ou d'une bande de ces matériaux collée sur un profilé métallique. Il est précisé que dans tous les cas où cela est possible le revêtement glissant peut également être appliqué directement sur des bordures ou glissières ou barrières en béton ou métalliques ou en bois ou en matière plastique.In the foregoing description, mention has been made, as a preferred example, of sliding coatings constituted by a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene, of solid silicone resin or of graphite applied to a metal support or of a strip of these materials bonded to a profile. metallic. It is specified that in all cases where this is possible the sliding coating can also be applied directly to the edges or rails or barriers of concrete or metal or of wood or plastic.

Il est également précisé que l'invention ne se limite pas à des revêtements composés de polytétrafluoréthylène ou de résine de silicone solide.It is also specified that the invention is not limited to coatings composed of polytetrafluoroethylene or solid silicone resin.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation le revêtement glissant peut être composé d'une cire de paraffine c'est-à-dire d'un alcane ou d'un mélange d'alcanes comportant un nombre d'atomes de carbone supérieur à 15.According to another embodiment, the sliding coating can be composed of a paraffin wax, that is to say an alkane or a mixture of alkanes comprising a number of carbon atoms greater than 15.

Ces cires sont facilement fusibles et on peut donc les faire fondre et appliquer le long d'une lisse une couche de cire fondue qui se solidifie en formant un film glissant qui conserve ses propriétés dans le temps.These waxes are easily meltable and can therefore be melted and applied along a stringer with a layer of molten wax which solidifies by forming a sliding film which retains its properties over time.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation on peut utiliser des produits pulvérulents par exemple du graphite micronisé qui peut être appliqué par simple frottement sur la partie de la lisse exposée aux chocs.According to another embodiment, pulverulent products can be used, for example micronized graphite which can be applied by simple rubbing on the part of the heald exposed to shocks.

On peut également utiliser un produit pulvérulent ou en grains présentant de bonnes qualités de glissance en l'incorporant dans un liant par exemple des paillettes de graphite ou de sulfure de molybdène (molybdénite) incorporées dans une peinture ou dans une graisse que l'on applique sur la partie de la lisse exposée aux chocs.It is also possible to use a powdery or granular product having good slip properties by incorporating it into a binder, for example flakes of graphite or molybdenum sulfide (molybdenite) incorporated in a paint or in a grease which is applied. on the part of the arm exposed to impact.

On peut aussi utiliser des microbilles ou des microsphères par exemple des microbilles de verre, de céramique ou de matière plastique ayant un diamètre inférieur à 3 mm qui sont fixées par collage sur la partie de la lisse qui est exposée aux chocs des véhicules.It is also possible to use microbeads or microspheres, for example microbeads of glass, ceramic or plastic material having a diameter of less than 3 mm which are fixed by gluing to the part of the heald which is exposed to the shocks of vehicles.

Claims (11)

1. Procédé pour retenir les véhicules sur une route du type dans lequel on dispose le long de ladite route des dispositifs de sécurité tel que des barrières, des glissières, des bordures, des rails des rondins de bois ou des murets formant une surface continue parallèle à la route caractérisé en ce que l'on recouvre une bande de ladite surface continue exposée aux chocs des véhicules d'un revêtement glissant, solide ou pâteux, ayant un coefficient de frottement statique avec le caoutchouc inférieur à 0,4 de telle sorte qu'un véhicule qui heurte accidentellement ladite surface continue, glisse le long de ladite bande.1. Method for retaining vehicles on a road of the type in which there are along said road safety devices such as barriers, rails, curbs, rails of wooden logs or low walls forming a continuous parallel surface on the road, characterized in that a strip of said continuous surface exposed to vehicle impact is covered with a slippery, solid or pasty coating, having a coefficient of static friction with the rubber of less than 0.4 so that a vehicle which accidentally strikes said continuous surface, slides along said strip. 2. Dispositif de sécurité implanté le long d'une route ou devant des obstacles pour retenir les véhicules du type comportant une surface continue parallèle à la route et exposée au choc des véhicules caractérisé en ce qu'une partie au moins de ladite surface continue porte une bande de revêtement glissant, continue et parallèle à la route, lequel revêtement glissant est composé d'un matériau solide ou pâteux ayant un coefficient de frottement statique avec le caoutchouc inférieur à 0,4.2. Safety device installed along a road or in front of obstacles to retain vehicles of the type comprising a continuous surface parallel to the road and exposed to the impact of vehicles, characterized in that at least part of said continuous surface carries a strip of sliding coating, continuous and parallel to the road, which sliding coating is composed of a solid or pasty material having a coefficient of static friction with rubber of less than 0.4. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que ledit revêtement glissant est composé de polytétrafluoréthylène ou d'une résine silicone solide.3. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that said sliding coating is composed of polytetrafluoroethylene or a solid silicone resin. 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que ledit revêtement glissant est constitué d'une couche de particules de graphite appliquées par frottement contre ladite surface exposée aux chocs.4. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that said sliding coating consists of a layer of graphite particles applied by friction against said surface exposed to shocks. 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que ledit revêtement glissant est une couche de cire ou de paraffine composée d'un alcane solide ayant un nombre d'atomes de carbone supérieur à 15.5. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that said sliding coating is a layer of wax or paraffin composed of a solid alkane having a number of carbon atoms greater than 15. 6. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que ledit revêtement glissant est composé de microbilles ayant un diamètre inférieur à 3 mm qui sont fixées au moyen d'un liant à ladite surface exposée aux chocs.6. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that said sliding coating is composed of microbeads having a diameter less than 3 mm which are fixed by means of a binder to said surface exposed to shocks. 7. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif est composé de profilés métalliques (1) qui sont posés bout à bout le long d'une route, lesquels profilés comportent une surface courbe (7) dont la convexité est dirigée vers la route qui porte un revêtement glissant (8) et comportent également une surface en contact avec le sol qui est recourbée vers le haut.7. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that said device is composed of metal sections (1) which are placed end to end along a road, which sections comprise a curved surface (7) whose convexity is directed towards the road which carries a sliding covering (8) and also comprise a surface in contact with the ground which is bent upwards. 8. Dispositif de sécurité selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une bordure de trottoir ou de route composée d'éléments préfabriqués en béton (18, 25, 29, 33, 40) qui comportent une nervure horizontale (22, 26, 30, 33) ayant une face convexe dirigée vers la route laquelle face convexe porte un revêtement glissant (24, 28, 32, 39, 42).8. Safety device according to claim 2 characterized in that it comprises a curb or road edge composed of prefabricated concrete elements (18, 25, 29, 33, 40) which have a horizontal rib (22, 26 , 30, 33) having a convex face directed towards the road which convex face carries a sliding coating (24, 28, 32, 39, 42). 9. Dispositif de sécurité selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il est composé d'une barrière en béton (43) qui sépare deux voies de circulation laquelle barrière comporte en sa partie supérieure un muret (43a) qui est coiffé par des profilés métalliques en forme de tunnel (44) qui se recouvrent mutuellement et qui portent sur leur face externe un revêtement glissant (45).9. Safety device according to claim 2 characterized in that it is composed of a concrete barrier (43) which separates two traffic lanes which barrier has in its upper part a low wall (43a) which is capped by profiles of metal in the form of a tunnel (44) which overlap each other and which carry on their external face a sliding coating (45). 10. Dispositif de sécurité selon la revendication 2 du type comportant des glissières de sécurité composées de rondins en bois (47) assemblés bout à bout pour former une lisse horizontale caractérisé en ce que lesdits rondins sont assemblés, du côté de la route, par des profilés métalliques longitudinaux (49a, 49b) qui portent un revêtement glissant (54), qui s'étendent sur toute la longueur de la lisse et qui se recouvrent mutuellement à l'endroit des jonctions entre deux rondins.10. Safety device according to claim 2 of the type comprising safety rails composed of wooden logs (47) assembled end to end to form a horizontal beam characterized in that said logs are assembled, on the side of the road, by longitudinal metal sections (49a, 49b) which carry a sliding covering (54), which extend over the entire length of the heddle and which overlap each other at the junctions between two logs. 11. Dispositif de sécurité selon la revendication 2 du type comportant une lisse horizontale (56) composée de tubes métalliques assemblés bout à bout et montés sur des potelets (57) caractérisé en ce que lesdits tubes portent un revêtement glissant (55) formant une bande longitudinale qui est située le long de la génératrice du tube la plus voisine de la route.11. Safety device according to claim 2 of the type comprising a horizontal rail (56) composed of metal tubes assembled end to end and mounted on posts (57) characterized in that said tubes carry a sliding coating (55) forming a strip longitudinal which is located along the generatrix of the tube closest to the road.
EP89430011A 1988-05-20 1989-05-12 Method and devices for keeping vehicles on the road Expired - Lifetime EP0343091B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8806907A FR2631642B1 (en) 1988-05-20 1988-05-20 SAFETY DEVICE PLACED ALONG ROADS
FR8806907 1988-05-20

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EP0343091A1 true EP0343091A1 (en) 1989-11-23
EP0343091B1 EP0343091B1 (en) 1991-10-02

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EP89430011A Expired - Lifetime EP0343091B1 (en) 1988-05-20 1989-05-12 Method and devices for keeping vehicles on the road

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US (1) US4982931A (en)
EP (1) EP0343091B1 (en)
DE (1) DE68900294D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2026296T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2631642B1 (en)

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FR2649427A1 (en) * 1989-07-06 1991-01-11 Masair LANE SEPARATOR ELEMENT, TO BE ASSEMBLED WITH OTHER ELEMENTS TO FORM A CHANNEL SEPARATOR
EP0462307A1 (en) * 1990-06-21 1991-12-27 SPIG SCHUTZPLANKEN-PRODUKTIONS-GESELLSCHAFT MBH &amp; CO.KG Section of a guard
DE4038538A1 (en) * 1990-12-03 1992-06-04 Sps Schutzplanken Gmbh Detachable couplings for prefab. protection barriers - consists of butt straps perforated for vertical pins to be driven through
EP0568456A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-03 Daniel Duyck Guard rail made of wood and metal
EP0570300A1 (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 SCIERIE PIVETEAU société anonyme dite Guardrail
EP0604277A1 (en) * 1992-12-18 1994-06-29 Les Profiles Du Centre S.A. Guide rails with indeformable supports and at least one horizontal deformable continuous guide member
WO1994017246A1 (en) * 1993-01-20 1994-08-04 Seminara, Michele Improved safety road barrier
EP0726362A1 (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-14 TSS Technische Sicherheits-Systeme GmbH Passive protection means for roads
DE19619787C2 (en) * 1996-05-15 2002-11-14 Spig Schutzplanken Prod Gmbh Lane limitation for go-cart tracks
EP1887141A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2008-02-13 METALMECCANICA FRACASSO S.p.A. Guardrail
WO2014140985A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Road barrier energy absorber mechanism
EP2761093B1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2017-05-10 Dyverse Innovation Limited A security barrier
LU100444B1 (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-19 Eisengießerei Torgelow GmbH Mobile vehicle barrier

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US6533250B2 (en) * 1999-10-15 2003-03-18 W. Eugene Arthur Energy dissipating system for a concrete roadway barrier
US6276667B1 (en) * 1999-10-15 2001-08-21 W. Eugene Arthur Energy dissipating system for a concrete barrier
US6561492B1 (en) * 2000-10-02 2003-05-13 David Allen Hubbell Wood clad guardrail assembly
US6502805B2 (en) 2001-01-05 2003-01-07 David R. Lewis Sheet-metal highway guardrail system
WO2002066745A1 (en) 2001-02-19 2002-08-29 Thorgeir Jonsson Lateral load bearing structural cantilevered system such as highway guardrail and bridgerail systems
PL1693519T3 (en) * 2005-01-20 2011-12-30 Spig Schutzplanken Produktions Gmbh & Co Kg Chain of divider modules for traffic lane limitation
ES2259569B1 (en) * 2005-09-28 2007-06-16 Loncar, S.L. LAMINAR SUPPORT FOR IMPACT ABSORPTION BY HUMAN SHOCK.
US20070199619A1 (en) * 2006-02-16 2007-08-30 Fu-Yao Cheng Fence and its fixing device
US20080205982A1 (en) * 2006-07-10 2008-08-28 David Allen Hubbell Gating Impact Attenuator
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IL207600A (en) * 2010-08-12 2016-04-21 Ivry Shapira Foreign object debris barrier for runways
ES2372946B1 (en) * 2011-09-06 2012-12-04 Tomás Calvo Segado TUBULAR BARRIER FOR PROTECTION OF VEHICLES AND PEOPLE APPLICABLE TO ALL KIND OF ROADS AND URBAN AREAS.
US10837150B2 (en) * 2015-12-07 2020-11-17 Spirit Of America Corporation Stackable compact high threat barrier
DE102016105333A1 (en) * 2016-03-22 2017-09-28 Harzer Betonwarenwerk Vienenburg Kleinbongardt GmbH & Co. KG Curb made of concrete and traffic area with it
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FR2649427A1 (en) * 1989-07-06 1991-01-11 Masair LANE SEPARATOR ELEMENT, TO BE ASSEMBLED WITH OTHER ELEMENTS TO FORM A CHANNEL SEPARATOR
EP0462307A1 (en) * 1990-06-21 1991-12-27 SPIG SCHUTZPLANKEN-PRODUKTIONS-GESELLSCHAFT MBH &amp; CO.KG Section of a guard
DE4038538A1 (en) * 1990-12-03 1992-06-04 Sps Schutzplanken Gmbh Detachable couplings for prefab. protection barriers - consists of butt straps perforated for vertical pins to be driven through
US5402987A (en) * 1992-04-30 1995-04-04 Duyck; Daniel Composite road safety slip rails made from metal and reinforced wood
EP0568456A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-03 Daniel Duyck Guard rail made of wood and metal
FR2690701A1 (en) * 1992-04-30 1993-11-05 Duyck Daniel Mixed metal and round wooden road safety barriers.
EP0570300A1 (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 SCIERIE PIVETEAU société anonyme dite Guardrail
FR2691183A1 (en) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-19 Scierie Piveteau Road safety barrier.
EP0604277A1 (en) * 1992-12-18 1994-06-29 Les Profiles Du Centre S.A. Guide rails with indeformable supports and at least one horizontal deformable continuous guide member
WO1994017246A1 (en) * 1993-01-20 1994-08-04 Seminara, Michele Improved safety road barrier
EP0726362A1 (en) * 1995-02-08 1996-08-14 TSS Technische Sicherheits-Systeme GmbH Passive protection means for roads
DE19619787C2 (en) * 1996-05-15 2002-11-14 Spig Schutzplanken Prod Gmbh Lane limitation for go-cart tracks
EP1887141A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2008-02-13 METALMECCANICA FRACASSO S.p.A. Guardrail
US7677533B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2010-03-16 Metalmeccanica Fracasso S.P.A. Guardrail
EP2761093B1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2017-05-10 Dyverse Innovation Limited A security barrier
WO2014140985A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Road barrier energy absorber mechanism
LU100444B1 (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-19 Eisengießerei Torgelow GmbH Mobile vehicle barrier
WO2019053209A1 (en) * 2017-09-15 2019-03-21 Eisengiesserei Torgelow Gmbh Mobile vehicle barrier
US11795639B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2023-10-24 Breeze Invest Gmbh Mobile vehicle barrier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2631642B1 (en) 1990-09-21
DE68900294D1 (en) 1991-11-07
FR2631642A1 (en) 1989-11-24
US4982931A (en) 1991-01-08
ES2026296T3 (en) 1992-04-16
EP0343091B1 (en) 1991-10-02

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