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EP0235167A1 - Collector for electrical machines. - Google Patents

Collector for electrical machines.

Info

Publication number
EP0235167A1
EP0235167A1 EP86904091A EP86904091A EP0235167A1 EP 0235167 A1 EP0235167 A1 EP 0235167A1 EP 86904091 A EP86904091 A EP 86904091A EP 86904091 A EP86904091 A EP 86904091A EP 0235167 A1 EP0235167 A1 EP 0235167A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
segments
slots
forming
commutator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86904091A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0235167B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Bode
Peter Franz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0235167A1 publication Critical patent/EP0235167A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0235167B1 publication Critical patent/EP0235167B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/06—Manufacture of commutators
    • H01R43/08—Manufacture of commutators in which segments are not separated until after assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/32—Connections of conductor to commutator segment

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a commutator for electrical machines according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such commutators usually have relatively wide slots between the segments and require connecting lugs on the segments in which the winding ends are securely guided laterally, that is in the circumferential direction of the commutator, and are welded to the segments, for example.
  • the connection tabs for receiving and supporting a winding head bandage to increase the spin resistance are required.
  • the known commutators can still be produced relatively economically by extrusion, but disadvantageously only as long as the material volume - preferably copper - is distributed substantially uniformly over the entire length of the segments including the connecting lugs and, above all, the slot width does not fall below a certain minimum value.
  • the known commutators can also be manufactured as roller commutators. Rolling commutators are much cheaper to manufacture than corresponding extrusion designs.
  • the slots between the segments can also be made narrower here.
  • the connecting lugs cannot disadvantageously be formed long enough to securely attach the winding ends to them and to take up the end winding.
  • the connecting lugs are therefore attached to the segments as parts which are manufactured by themselves. This also makes the production of roller commutators expensive.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an inexpensive commutator for electrical machines, which is provided with relatively narrow insulating slots between the segments and with long connecting lugs, which do not hinder the safe connection of the winding ends to the segments, and in which the existing material volume Segments for increasing the spin resistance and / or for increasing the heat storage capacity is arranged to an increased extent in the brush track area.
  • the part of the segments forming the connecting lugs for receiving the winding ends consists at least partially of an insulating material, so that the commutator can be used, for example, as a roller commutator or ring armored molded material commutator with narrow slots between the segments and at most short connecting lugs can be formed inexpensively.
  • the widened webs of insulating material take over the functions of the connecting lugs such as taking up the winding ends, fixing the winding ends in the fastening position and during fastening to the segments.
  • the increased spin resistance of the commutator is particularly advantageous because the segments in the connection area of the winding ends have less copper and thus less the heavier material mass.
  • the widened webs can also perform the support function for the end winding to be applied later.
  • the widened bars made of insulating material are also suitable as extensions of the connecting lugs for extrusion commutators with a slot width that can still be produced economically.
  • an insulating material which advantageously takes over so many functions on the commutator. can, for example, phenolic resin, melamine phenol or epoxy molding compositions are still suitable with fiber. can be reinforced.
  • melamine phenol molding compositions are particularly suitable for extrusion commutators with relatively small anchoring means as additional holding means for the segments.
  • the winding ends can also be securely fastened to the segments in an advantageous manner by welding. Resistance welding, diffusion welding, ultrasonic welding are suitable for this. Drawing
  • FIG. 3 shows a roller commutator, partly in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section along the line II-II in FIG. 3 through part of the commutator with winding ends and winding head bandage
  • FIG. 3 shows the commutator in a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2, as well as FIG. 4 an extrusion commutator and
  • FIG. 5 a ring-reinforced commutator, each partly in longitudinal section.
  • a commutator 1 - shown as a roller commutator in FIGS. 1 to 3 - has a large number of segments 2 which are provided on their side 4 facing the longitudinal axis 3 of the commutator 1 with anchoring means 5 in the form of claws.
  • the segments 2 have at one end a short collar 7 projecting beyond their running surface 6 radially to the longitudinal axis 3 of the commutator.
  • the collar 7 serves as a connecting lug for associated winding ends 8 of a rotor winding which is known per se and not shown in detail.
  • two superimposed winding ends 8 of round cross-section are attached to each segment 2.
  • the connection side 9 of this collar 7 is grooved in accordance with the shape of the winding ends 8.
  • connection side 9 the largest possible support for the winding ends 8 is formed on the respective connection side 9.
  • the winding ends can also have an oval or rectangular cross section and can also be arranged next to one another.
  • the connection side 9 is then also designed in accordance with the shape of the winding ends.
  • the commutator 1 can also be modified such that the segments 2 are provided with the connection side 9 at the end of the running surface 6 instead of the collar 7.
  • the segments 2 are formed from a copper profile strip in the rolling commutator.
  • grooves are formed in the profile strip in a manner known per se and not shown in detail in accordance with the commutator division provided, which later later separate the segments 2 from one another as segment partial grooves 10.
  • the segments 2 are still connected by narrow segment bridges bridging the segment grooves 10 on the running surface 6, so that the profiled strip can be rolled into a segment ring.
  • the anchoring means 5 can be split off or peeled off in one or more stages from the end faces 11 and 12 in the longitudinal direction of the segments 2 before or after the rolling.
  • the insulating material is inserted in the segment ring.
  • the insulating material is designed as an insulating body 13, in which the segments 2 and a bearing bush 14 are anchored, with which the commutator 1 is mounted on a rotor shaft, which in turn is known and not shown in detail.
  • the insulating material also fills the segment grooves 10 and thus forms the insulating lamellae 15 between the segments 2 together with the collar 7.
  • the webs 16 serve as lateral guidance of the winding ends 8 to be fastened to the segments 2.
  • the insulating body 13 also has the inner edge portion of the end faces 11 and 12 comprising flanges 13 and 19 as supporting holding means for the segments 2 in the insulating body 13.
  • the flange 19 is also provided with axially projecting and radially extending ribs 20 of triangular cross section, the Center line with which one of the webs 15 is aligned.
  • the webs 16 also project axially on the end face 12 of the segments 2. Their edges 21 are chamfered, which facilitates the damage-free insertion of the winding ends 8 into the connecting slots 17.
  • Molding compounds such as phenolic resin, melamine phenol or epoxy molding compounds, which are known to be reinforced with fibrous materials, are particularly suitable as insulating materials.
  • the webs connecting the segments 2 are removed in a manner known per se and not shown in detail.
  • the winding ends 8 placed one above the other in the circumferential direction of the connecting grooves 17 delimited by the webs 16 are mechanically and electrically conductively attached by welding to the bottom of the connecting grooves 17, which is formed by the connecting side 9 of the respective collar or segment end.
  • the insulating material permits brief heating in the immediate vicinity of the webs 16 during the welding process for the parts 7, 8.
  • the webs 16 made of the selected insulating material still promote the passage of current from one placed on the winding ends 8. Welding electrode through the winding ends 8, the collar 7 and the segment 2 to a ground electrode placed on the segment 2, in which they narrow the current passage between the electrodes almost in a straight line.
  • a rotor bandage 22 can also be pushed as a sleeve over the webs 16, which closes the connecting grooves 17 to the outside.
  • An extrusion commutator 23 is shown in FIG. As far as its parts are the same as those of the roller commutator 1, they have the same reference numbers.
  • the segments 24 are formed into a segment ring in a manner known per se and not shown in more detail by extrusion of a blank, and in turn are separated from one another after the introduction of the insulating body 13, insulating strips 15 and webs 16 forming insulating material.
  • the segments 24 now have anchoring means 25 with a dovetail cross-section that extend over the entire length of the side 4 of the segments 24 facing the longitudinal axis 3.
  • a ring-armored commutator 26 is also shown in FIG. As far as its parts are the same as those of the roller commutator 1, they have the same reference numbers.
  • the segments 27 are punched out of a copper strip and each have a groove 28 and 29 on the end faces 11 and 12.
  • a reinforcing ring 31 is inserted, which surrounds the segments 27 to form a segment ring and, at the same time, serves as an anchoring means for the segments 27 in the insulating body 13 with the grooves 28 and 29.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Abstract

Collecteur pour machine électrique, pourvu d'une pluralité de segments (2) dotés de moyens d'ancrage (5) permettant leur fixation à des corps isolants (13), reliés à une extrémité aux terminaisons d'enroulement appropriées (8) d'un rotor et séparés les uns des autres dans le sens périphérique par des fentes (10) remplies d'une matière isolante. Ladite matière, qui forme les corps isolants (13) et les fentes (10) sous forme de lames isolantes (15), déborde radialement sur les lames isolantes (15) pour constituer des bandes élargies (16). Ces bandes représentent, dans le sens périphérique, la limite des rainures de connexion (17) des segments (2) pour les terminaisons d'enroulement (8) du rotor, qui sont soudées aux segments (2).Collector for electric machine, provided with a plurality of segments (2) provided with anchoring means (5) allowing their attachment to insulating bodies (13), connected at one end to the appropriate winding terminations (8) of a rotor and separated from each other in the peripheral direction by slots (10) filled with an insulating material. Said material, which forms the insulating bodies (13) and the slots (10) in the form of insulating strips (15), extends radially onto the insulating strips (15) to form widened strips (16). These bands represent, in the peripheral direction, the limit of the connecting grooves (17) of the segments (2) for the winding terminations (8) of the rotor, which are welded to the segments (2).

Description

Kommutator für elektrische MaschinenCommutator for electrical machines
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht von einem Kommutator für elektrische Maschinen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs aus. Derartige Kommutatoren haben meistens verhältnismäßig breite Schlitze zwischen den Segmenten und benötigen Anschlußfahnen an den Segmenten, in denen die Wicklungsenden seitlich, das ist in Umfangsrichtung des Kommutators, sicher geführt aufgenommen und beispielsweise an die Segmente geschweißt sind. Außerdem sind die Anschlußfahnen zur Aufnahme und zum Stützen einer Wickelkopfbandage zum Erhöhen der Schleuderfestigkeit erforderlich.The invention is based on a commutator for electrical machines according to the preamble of the main claim. Such commutators usually have relatively wide slots between the segments and require connecting lugs on the segments in which the winding ends are securely guided laterally, that is in the circumferential direction of the commutator, and are welded to the segments, for example. In addition, the connection tabs for receiving and supporting a winding head bandage to increase the spin resistance are required.
Diese bekannten Kommutatoren können noch verhältnismäßig wirtschaftlich durch Fließpressen hergestellt werden, in nachteiliger Weise jedoch nur solange das Werkstoffvolument - vorzugsweise Kupfer - im wesentlichen gleichmäßig über die ganze Länge der Segmente einschließlich der Anschlußfahnen verteilt ist und vor allem die Schlitzbreite einen bestimmten Minimalwert nicht unterscrreitet. Die bekannten Kommutatoren können auch als Rollkommutatoren hergestellt sein. Rollkommutatoren sind zwar wesentlich preiswerter herzustellen als entsprechende Fließpreßausführungen. Auch können hier die Schlitze zwischen den Segmenten schmäler ausgebildet werden. Bei Rollkommutatoren, deren Segmente aus einem Kupferstreifen mit dem Profil des Segmentquerschnitts hergestellt sind, können jedoch in nachteiliger Weise die Anschlußfahnen nicht lang genug angeformt werden, um die Wicklungsenden sicher an ihnen zu befestigen und die Wickelkopfbandage aufzunehmen. Die Anschlußfahnen sind daher als für sich hergestellte Teile an den Segmenten befestigt. Das macht auch die Fertigung von Rollkommutatoren teuer.These known commutators can still be produced relatively economically by extrusion, but disadvantageously only as long as the material volume - preferably copper - is distributed substantially uniformly over the entire length of the segments including the connecting lugs and, above all, the slot width does not fall below a certain minimum value. The known commutators can also be manufactured as roller commutators. Rolling commutators are much cheaper to manufacture than corresponding extrusion designs. The slots between the segments can also be made narrower here. In the case of roller commutators, the segments of which are made from a copper strip with the profile of the segment cross section, the connecting lugs cannot disadvantageously be formed long enough to securely attach the winding ends to them and to take up the end winding. The connecting lugs are therefore attached to the segments as parts which are manufactured by themselves. This also makes the production of roller commutators expensive.
Aufgabe, Lösung und Vorteile der ErfindungObject, solution and advantages of the invention
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen preisgünstigen Kommutator für elektrische Maschinen zu schaffen, der mit verhältnismäßig schmalen Isolierschlitzen zwischen den Segmenten und mit langen Anschlußfahnen versehen ist, welche das sichere Verbinden der Wicklungsenden mit den Segmenten nicht behindern, und bei dem das vorhandene ferkstoffvolumen der Segmente zum Verstärken der Schleuderfestigkeit und/oder zur Erhöhung des Wärmespeichervermögens in verstärktem Maße im Bürsten-Laufbahnbereich angeordnet ist.The invention has for its object to provide an inexpensive commutator for electrical machines, which is provided with relatively narrow insulating slots between the segments and with long connecting lugs, which do not hinder the safe connection of the winding ends to the segments, and in which the existing material volume Segments for increasing the spin resistance and / or for increasing the heat storage capacity is arranged to an increased extent in the brush track area.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sind die im Kennzeichen des Kauptanspruchs angegebenen Maßnahmen vorgesehen.The measures specified in the characterizing part of the main claim are provided to solve this problem.
Dabei ist von Vorteil, daß der die Anschlußfahnen zur Aufnahme der Wicklungsenden bildende Teil der Segmente mindestens teilweise aus einem Isolierstoff besteht, so daß der Kommutator beispielsweise als Rollkommutator oder ring- armierter Formstoffkommutator mit schmalen Schlitzen zwischen den Segmenten und höchstens kurzen Anschlußfahnen preiswert ausgebildet werden kann. Dabei übernehmen die verbreiterten Stege aus Isolierstoff die Funktionen der Anschlußfahnen wie Aufnahme der Wicklungsenden, Fixierung der Wicklungsenden in der Befestigungsposition und während des Befestigens an den Segmenten.It is advantageous here that the part of the segments forming the connecting lugs for receiving the winding ends consists at least partially of an insulating material, so that the commutator can be used, for example, as a roller commutator or ring armored molded material commutator with narrow slots between the segments and at most short connecting lugs can be formed inexpensively. The widened webs of insulating material take over the functions of the connecting lugs such as taking up the winding ends, fixing the winding ends in the fastening position and during fastening to the segments.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Kommutators möglich. Besonders vorteilhaft ist die vergrößerte Schleuderfestigkeit des Kommutators, weil die Segmente im Anschlußbereich der Wicklungsenden weniger Kupfer und somit weniger der schwereren Werkstoffmasse aufweisen. Darüberhinaus ist von Vorteil, daß die verbreiterten Stege auch die Stützfunktion für die später aufzubringende Wickelkopfbandage ausüben können. Auch für Fließpreßkommutatoren mit noch in wirtschaftlicher Weise herstellbarer Schlitzbreite eignen sich die verbreiterten Stege aus Isolierstoff als Verlängerungen der Anschlußfahnen. Als Isolierstoff, welcher in vorteilhafter Weise soviele Funktionen am Kommutator übernehmer. kann, eignen sich beispielsweise Phenolharz-, Melaminphenol- oder Epoxidformmassen, die noch mit Faserstoffer. verstärkt sein können. Melaminphenol-Formmassen eignen sich wegen ihrer Klebewirkung an Kupfer besonders bei Fließpreßkommutatoren mit verhältnismäßig kleinen Verankerungsmitteln als zusätzliches Haltemittel für die Segmente. Bei den genannten Isolierstoffen lassen sich die Wicklungsenden in ebenfalls vorteilhafter Weise durch Schweißen an den Segmenten sicher befestigen. Es eignen sich dafür beispielsweise Widerstandsschweißen, Diffusionsschweißen, Ultraschallschweißen. Ze ichnungAdvantageous further developments of the commutator specified in the main claim are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims. The increased spin resistance of the commutator is particularly advantageous because the segments in the connection area of the winding ends have less copper and thus less the heavier material mass. In addition, it is advantageous that the widened webs can also perform the support function for the end winding to be applied later. The widened bars made of insulating material are also suitable as extensions of the connecting lugs for extrusion commutators with a slot width that can still be produced economically. As an insulating material, which advantageously takes over so many functions on the commutator. can, for example, phenolic resin, melamine phenol or epoxy molding compositions are still suitable with fiber. can be reinforced. Because of their adhesive effect on copper, melamine phenol molding compositions are particularly suitable for extrusion commutators with relatively small anchoring means as additional holding means for the segments. With the insulating materials mentioned, the winding ends can also be securely fastened to the segments in an advantageous manner by welding. Resistance welding, diffusion welding, ultrasonic welding are suitable for this. Drawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 3 einen Rollkommutator, teilweise im Längsschnitt, Figur 2 einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie II-II in Figur 3 durch einen Teil des Kommutators mit Wicklungsenden und Wickelkopfbandage, Figur 3 den Kommutator im Schnitt entlang der Linie III-III in Figur 2, sowie Figur 4 einen Fließpreßkommutator und Figur 5 einen ringarmierten Kommutator, jeweils teilweise im Längsschnitt.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 3 shows a roller commutator, partly in longitudinal section, FIG. 2 shows a cross section along the line II-II in FIG. 3 through part of the commutator with winding ends and winding head bandage, FIG. 3 shows the commutator in a section along the line III-III in FIG. 2, as well as FIG. 4 an extrusion commutator and FIG. 5 a ring-reinforced commutator, each partly in longitudinal section.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Ein Kommutator 1 - in Figur 1 bis 3 als Rollkommutator dargestellt - hat eine Vielzahl Segmente 2, die an ihrer der Längsachse 3 des Kommutators 1 zugewandten Seite 4 mit Verankerungsmitteln 5 in Form von Krallen versehen sind. Die Segmente 2 haben an einem Ende einen über ihre Lauffläche 6 radial zur Kommutatorlängsachse 3 vorstehenden kurzen Bund 7. Der Bund 7 dient als Anschlußfahne für zugeordnete Wicklungsenden 8 einer an sich bekannten und nicht näher dargestellten Rotorwicklung. In dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind an jedem Segment 2 zwei übereinanderangeordnete Wicklungsenden 8 runden Querschnitts befestigt. Die Anschlußseite 9 ies Bundes 7 ist dazu der Form der Wicklungsenden 8 entsprechend ausgekehlt. Dadurch ist eine möglichst großflächige Auflage für die Wicklungsenden 8 auf der jeweiligen Anschlußseite 9 gebildet. Die Wicklungsenden können auch ovalen oder rechteckigen Querschnitt haben und auch nebeneinander angeordnet sein. Die Anschlußseite 9 ist dann ebenfalls der Form der Wicklungsenden entsprechend ausgebildet. Der Kommutator 1 kann auch so abgewandelt sein, daß die Segmente 2 an Stelle des Bundes 7 direkt mit der Anschlußseite 9 am Ende der Lauffläche 6 versehen sind.A commutator 1 - shown as a roller commutator in FIGS. 1 to 3 - has a large number of segments 2 which are provided on their side 4 facing the longitudinal axis 3 of the commutator 1 with anchoring means 5 in the form of claws. The segments 2 have at one end a short collar 7 projecting beyond their running surface 6 radially to the longitudinal axis 3 of the commutator. The collar 7 serves as a connecting lug for associated winding ends 8 of a rotor winding which is known per se and not shown in detail. In the embodiment shown in the drawing, two superimposed winding ends 8 of round cross-section are attached to each segment 2. For this purpose, the connection side 9 of this collar 7 is grooved in accordance with the shape of the winding ends 8. As a result, the largest possible support for the winding ends 8 is formed on the respective connection side 9. The winding ends can also have an oval or rectangular cross section and can also be arranged next to one another. The connection side 9 is then also designed in accordance with the shape of the winding ends. The commutator 1 can also be modified such that the segments 2 are provided with the connection side 9 at the end of the running surface 6 instead of the collar 7.
Die Segmente 2 sind bei dem Rollkommutaotr aus einem Profilband aus Kupfer gebildet. Dazu sind in das Profilband in an sich bekannter und nicht näher dargestellter Weise entsprechend der vorgesehenen Kommutatorteilung quer über das Profilband laufende Nuten eingeformt, welche später als Segmentteilnuten 10 die Segmente 2 voneinandertrennen. Die Segmente 2 sind nach dem Ausbilden der Nuten - wie an sich bekannt - noch durch die Segmentteilnuten 10 überbrückende schmale Stege an der Lauffläche 6 verbunden, so daß das Profilband zu einem Segmentring gerollt werden kann. Die Verankerungsmittel 5 können bereits vor oder auch nach dem Rollen von den Stirnseiten 11 und 12 in Längsrichtung der Segmente 2 ein- oder mehrstufig abgespalten oder angeschält sein.The segments 2 are formed from a copper profile strip in the rolling commutator. For this purpose, grooves are formed in the profile strip in a manner known per se and not shown in detail in accordance with the commutator division provided, which later later separate the segments 2 from one another as segment partial grooves 10. After the formation of the grooves - as is known per se - the segments 2 are still connected by narrow segment bridges bridging the segment grooves 10 on the running surface 6, so that the profiled strip can be rolled into a segment ring. The anchoring means 5 can be split off or peeled off in one or more stages from the end faces 11 and 12 in the longitudinal direction of the segments 2 before or after the rolling.
In dem Segmentring ist ein Isolierstoff eingebracht. Der Isolierstoff ist als Isolierkörper 13 ausgebildet, in dem die Segmente 2 sowie eine Lagerbuchse 14 verankert sind, mit welcher der Kommutator 1 auf einer wiederum an sich bekannten und nicht näher dargestellten Rotorwelle gelagert ist. Der Isolierstoff füllt außerdem die Segmentteilnuten 10 aus und bildet somit die Isolierlamellen 15 zwischen den Segmenten 2 samt Bund 7. Schließlich gehen die Isolierlamellen 15, welche sich im Bund 7 keilförmig verbreitern, in sich an sie radial anschließende breitere Stege 16 über, die über den Bund 7 radial hinausragen. Die Stege 16 dienen als seitliche Führung der an den Segmenten 2 zu befestigenden Wicklungsenden 8. Sie stellen die Begrenzung von Anschluß nuten 17 für die Wicklungsenden 8 in Umfangsrichtung dar. Der Isolierkörper 13 weist noch den inneren Randabschnitt der Stirnseiten 11 und 12 umfassende Flansche 13 und 19 auf als unterstützende Haltemittel für die Segmente 2 im Isolierkörper 13. Der Flansch 19 ist zudem mit axial vorstehenden und radial verlaufenden Rippen 20 dreieckigen Querschnitts versehen, deren Mittellinie jeweils mit der eines der Stege 15 fluchtet. Die Stege 16 stehen ebenfalls axial an der Stirnseite 12 der Segmente 2 vor. Ihre Kanten 21 sind abgeschrägt, wodurch das beschädigungsfreie Einführen der Wicklungsenden 8 in die Anschlußnuten 17 erleichtert ist.An insulating material is inserted in the segment ring. The insulating material is designed as an insulating body 13, in which the segments 2 and a bearing bush 14 are anchored, with which the commutator 1 is mounted on a rotor shaft, which in turn is known and not shown in detail. The insulating material also fills the segment grooves 10 and thus forms the insulating lamellae 15 between the segments 2 together with the collar 7. Finally, the insulating lamellae 15, which widen in a wedge-shaped manner in the collar 7, merge into radially adjoining wider webs 16 which pass over the Radially project collar 7. The webs 16 serve as lateral guidance of the winding ends 8 to be fastened to the segments 2. They set the limitation of connecting grooves 17 for the winding ends 8 in the circumferential direction The insulating body 13 also has the inner edge portion of the end faces 11 and 12 comprising flanges 13 and 19 as supporting holding means for the segments 2 in the insulating body 13. The flange 19 is also provided with axially projecting and radially extending ribs 20 of triangular cross section, the Center line with which one of the webs 15 is aligned. The webs 16 also project axially on the end face 12 of the segments 2. Their edges 21 are chamfered, which facilitates the damage-free insertion of the winding ends 8 into the connecting slots 17.
Als Isolierstoff eigenen sich vor allem Formmassen wie beispielsweise Phenolharz-, Melaminphenol- oder EpoxidFormmassen, die noch mit Faserstoffen verstärkt sein kennen.Molding compounds such as phenolic resin, melamine phenol or epoxy molding compounds, which are known to be reinforced with fibrous materials, are particularly suitable as insulating materials.
Nach dem Einbringen des Isolierstoffs in den Segmentring sind die die Segmente 2 verbindenden Stege in ebenfalls an sich bekannter und nicht näher dargestellter Weise entfernt.After the insulating material has been introduced into the segment ring, the webs connecting the segments 2 are removed in a manner known per se and not shown in detail.
Die in die von den Stegen 16 in Umfangsrichtung begrenzten Anschlußnuten 17 übereinander gelegten Wicklungsenden 8 sind durch Schweißen an dem Boden der Anschlußnuten 17, welcher von der Anschlußseite 9 des jeweiligen Bundes oder Segmentendes gebildet ist, mechanisch und elektrisch leitend befestigt. Der Isolierstoff gestattet das kurzzeitige Erwärmen in der unmittelbaren Nähe der Stege 16 während des Schweißvorgangs für die Teile 7, 8. Die Stege 16 aus dem gewählten Isolierstoff fördern noch den Stromdurchgang von einer auf die Wicklungsenden 8 aufgesetzter. Schweißelektrode durch die Wicklungsenden 8, den Bund 7 und das Segment 2 zu einer auf dem Segment 2 aufgesettten Masseelektrode, in dem sie den Stromdurchgang zwischen den Elektroden nahezu geradlinig einengen. Zur Erhöhung der Schleuderfestigkeit kann zusätzlich eine Rotorbandage 22 als Hülse über die Stege 16 geschoben sein, die die Anschlußnuten 17 nach außen abschließt.The winding ends 8 placed one above the other in the circumferential direction of the connecting grooves 17 delimited by the webs 16 are mechanically and electrically conductively attached by welding to the bottom of the connecting grooves 17, which is formed by the connecting side 9 of the respective collar or segment end. The insulating material permits brief heating in the immediate vicinity of the webs 16 during the welding process for the parts 7, 8. The webs 16 made of the selected insulating material still promote the passage of current from one placed on the winding ends 8. Welding electrode through the winding ends 8, the collar 7 and the segment 2 to a ground electrode placed on the segment 2, in which they narrow the current passage between the electrodes almost in a straight line. To increase the spin resistance, a rotor bandage 22 can also be pushed as a sleeve over the webs 16, which closes the connecting grooves 17 to the outside.
In Figur 4 ist ein Fließpreßkommutator 23 dargestellt. Soweit seine Teile gleich denen des Rollkommutators 1 sind, haben sie dieselben Bezugszahlen. Die Segmente 24 sind in an sich bekannter und nicht näher dargestellter Weise durch Fließpressen eines Rohlings zu einem Segmentring geformt und wiederum nach Einbringen des Isolierkörper 13, Isolierlamellen 15 und Stege 16 bildenden Isolierstoffs voneinandergetrennt. Die Segmente 24 haben nunmehr sich über die ganze Länge der der Längsachse 3 zugewandten Seite 4 der Segmente 24 erstreckende Verankerungsmittel 25 mit schwalbenschwanzförmigem Querschnitt.An extrusion commutator 23 is shown in FIG. As far as its parts are the same as those of the roller commutator 1, they have the same reference numbers. The segments 24 are formed into a segment ring in a manner known per se and not shown in more detail by extrusion of a blank, and in turn are separated from one another after the introduction of the insulating body 13, insulating strips 15 and webs 16 forming insulating material. The segments 24 now have anchoring means 25 with a dovetail cross-section that extend over the entire length of the side 4 of the segments 24 facing the longitudinal axis 3.
In Figur 5 ist noch ein ringarmierter Kommutator 26 dargestellt. Soweit auch seine Teile gleich denen des Rollkommutators 1 sind, haben sie dieselben Bezugszahlen.A ring-armored commutator 26 is also shown in FIG. As far as its parts are the same as those of the roller commutator 1, they have the same reference numbers.
Die Segmente 27 sind aus einem Kupferstreifen gestanzt und an den Stirnseiten 11 und 12 mit je einer Nut 28 bzw. 29 versehen. In den Nuten 28 und 29 ist jeweils ein mit einer Isolierhülle 30 umgebener Armierungsring 31 eingesetzt, welcher die Segmente 27 zu einem Segmentring zusammenhält und zugleich mit den Nuten 28 und 29 als Verankerungsmittel für die Segmente 27 im Isolierkörper 13 dient. The segments 27 are punched out of a copper strip and each have a groove 28 and 29 on the end faces 11 and 12. In each of the grooves 28 and 29, a reinforcing ring 31 is inserted, which surrounds the segments 27 to form a segment ring and, at the same time, serves as an anchoring means for the segments 27 in the insulating body 13 with the grooves 28 and 29.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Kommutator für elektrische Maschinen, mit einer Vielzahl Segmente, welche mit Verankerungsmitteln zum Befestigen der Segmente im Isolierkörper versehen, an einem Ende mit zugeordneten Wicklungsenden eines Rotors verbunden und in Umfangsrichtung durch Schlitze voneinander getrennt sind, die mit Isolierstoff gefüllt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende und die Schlitze (10) füllende Isolierstoff radial über den Umfang der Lauffläche (6) an einem Ende des Kommutators (1; 23; 26 ) hinausragende verbreiterte Stege ( 16) aufweist, zwischen denen die Wicklungsenden (8) angeordnet sind, welche an den zugehörigen Segmenten (2; 24 ; 27 ) mechanisch und elektrisch leitend befestigt sind.1. Commutator for electrical machines, with a plurality of segments, which are provided with anchoring means for fastening the segments in the insulating body, connected at one end to assigned winding ends of a rotor and separated from one another in the circumferential direction by slots which are filled with insulating material, characterized in that that the insulating material forming the insulating body (13) and filling the slots (10) has widened webs (16) which project radially beyond the circumference of the running surface (6) at one end of the commutator (1; 23; 26), between which the winding ends ( 8) are arranged, which are fastened mechanically and electrically conductively to the associated segments (2; 24; 27).
2. Kommutator nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Segmente (2; 24; 27) einen über die Lauffläche (6) radial vorstehenden kurzen Anschlußvorsprung (7) aufweisen, an lern die zwischen den Stegen (16) geführten Wicklungsenden ( 8) befestigt sind.2. Commutator according to claim 1, characterized in that the segments (2; 24; 27) have a short connecting projection (7) which projects radially beyond the running surface (6), on which the winding ends (8) guided between the webs (16) are attached.
3. Kommutator nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stege (16) an der angrenzenden Stirnseite 2, des Kommutators (2; 24; 27) axial vorstehen. 3. Commutator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the webs (16) protrude axially on the adjacent end face 2 of the commutator (2; 24; 27).
4. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den freien Enden der Stege (16) eine hülsenfδrmige Bandage (22) anliegt, die konzentrisch zur Längsachse (3) des Kommutators (1; 23; 26) angeordnet ist.4. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a sleeve-shaped bandage (22) rests on the free ends of the webs (16), which is arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis (3) of the commutator (1; 23; 26). .
5 . Kommutat or nach e inem der An sprüche 1 bi s 4 , dadur ch gekennzeichnet, daß die Segmente (2) aus Abschnitten eines den Segmentquerschnitt aufweisenden Stranges gebildet sind, welcher als Segmentring zusammengerollt nach dem Einbringen des den Isolierkörper (13) bildenden, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllenden und die verbreiterten Stege (16) bildenden Isolierstoffs entlang den vor dem Zusammenrollen ausgebildeten Segmentteilnuten (10) in die Segmente (2) geteilt ist.5. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the segments (2) are formed from sections of a strand having the segment cross section, which is rolled up as a segment ring after the slots forming the insulating body (13) have been inserted (10) as insulating lamellas (15) and forming the widened webs (16) is divided into the segments (2) along the segment partial grooves (10) formed before rolling up.
6. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Segmente (27) als Stanzteile mit ihrer Umfangsform versehen mittels Armierringen (31, 30) zu einem Segmentring zusammengefaßt sind, in den der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllende und die verbreiterten Stege (16) bildende Isolierstoff eingebracht ist.6. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the segments (27) are combined as stamped parts with their circumferential shape by means of reinforcing rings (31, 30) to form a segment ring, into which the insulating body (13) forming Slots (10) are introduced as insulating slats (15) and forming the widened webs (16).
7. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Segmente ( 24 ) aus Rippen eines fließgepreßten Segmentringes bestehen, die nach dem Einbringen des Isolierstoffes für den Isolierkörper ( 13 ) die die Schlitze (10) füllenden Isolierlamellen (15) und die verbreiterten Stege (16) voneinander getrennt sind.7. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the segments (24) consist of ribs of an extruded segment ring, which, after the insulating material for the insulating body (13) has been introduced, fill the insulating lamellae (15) that fill the slots (10). and the widened webs (16) are separated from each other.
3. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7. dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllende und die verbreiterten Stege (16) bildende Isolierstoff eine Phenolharz-Formmasse ist. 3. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating material forming the insulating body (13), filling the slots (10) as insulating lamellae (15) and forming the widened webs (16) is a phenolic resin molding compound.
9. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllende und die verbreiterten Stege (16) bildende Isolierstoff eine mit Faserstoffen verstärkte Phenolharz-Formmasse ist.9. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating material forming the insulating body (13), filling the slots (10) as insulating slats (15) and forming the widened webs (16) is a phenolic resin molding compound reinforced with fiber materials is.
10. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllende und die verbreiterten Stege (16) bildende Isolierstoff eine Melaminphenol-Formmasse ist.10. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating material forming the insulating body (13), filling the slots (10) as insulating slats (15) and forming the widened webs (16) is a melamine-phenol molding compound.
11. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurchgekennzeichnet, daß der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllende und die verbreiterten Stege (16) bildende Isolierstoff eine mit Faserstoffen verstärkte Melaminphenol-Formmasse ist.11. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating material forming the insulating body (13), filling the slots (10) as insulating slats (15) and forming the widened webs (16) is a melamine-phenol molding compound reinforced with fiber materials .
12. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllende und die verbreiterten Stege (16) bildende Isolierstoff eine Epoxid-Formmasse ist.12. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating material forming the insulating body (13), filling the slots (10) as insulating slats (15) and forming the widened webs (16) is an epoxy molding compound.
13. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Isolierkörper (13) bildende, die Schlitze (10) als Isolierlamellen (15) füllende und die verbreiterten Stege (l6) bildende Isolierstoff eine mit Faserstoffen verstärkte Expoxid-Formmasse ist.13. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the insulating material forming the insulating body (13), filling the slots (10) as insulating slats (15) and forming the widened webs (l6) is an epoxy molding compound reinforced with fiber materials is.
14. Kommutator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zwischen den verbreiterten Stegen (16) aufgenommenen und geführten Wicklungsenden (3) an den zugeordneten Segmenten (2; 24 ; 27) durch Schweißen befestigt sind. 14. Commutator according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the winding ends (3) received and guided between the widened webs (16) are fastened to the associated segments (2; 24; 27) by welding.
EP86904091A 1985-08-28 1986-07-07 Collector for electrical machines Expired EP0235167B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853530652 DE3530652A1 (en) 1985-08-28 1985-08-28 COMMUTATOR FOR ELECTRICAL MACHINES
DE3530652 1985-08-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0235167A1 true EP0235167A1 (en) 1987-09-09
EP0235167B1 EP0235167B1 (en) 1989-11-15

Family

ID=6279517

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EP86904091A Expired EP0235167B1 (en) 1985-08-28 1986-07-07 Collector for electrical machines

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US (1) US4786835A (en)
EP (1) EP0235167B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0736346B2 (en)
AU (1) AU583409B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3530652A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987001521A1 (en)

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JPS63120562U (en) * 1987-01-28 1988-08-04
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FR2708397B1 (en) * 1993-07-26 1995-09-08 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Armature of rotating electric machine comprising a drum type collector.
US5491373A (en) * 1994-09-07 1996-02-13 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Commutators
FR2731850B1 (en) * 1995-03-15 1997-04-18 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur ARMATURE OF A ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE PROVIDED WITH AN IMPROVED MANIFOLD AND STARTER COMPRISING SUCH AN ARMATURE
JP3474781B2 (en) * 1998-08-10 2003-12-08 三菱電機株式会社 Rotating electric machine and method of manufacturing the same
JP3636069B2 (en) * 2000-12-25 2005-04-06 株式会社デンソー Rotating machine armature
US20050189841A1 (en) * 2002-10-28 2005-09-01 Joze Potocnik Commutator for an electric machine and method for producing same
DE102005030454A1 (en) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-04 Kolektor Group D.O.O. Conductor blank for a drum commutator, method for producing such as well as drum commutator

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6129886A (en) 1987-03-24
DE3530652A1 (en) 1987-03-12
AU583409B2 (en) 1989-04-27
WO1987001521A1 (en) 1987-03-12
EP0235167B1 (en) 1989-11-15
DE3667000D1 (en) 1989-12-21
JPH0736346B2 (en) 1995-04-19
US4786835A (en) 1988-11-22
JPS63500689A (en) 1988-03-10

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